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1.
台湾海峡中北部海洋线虫群落的种类组成及分布 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
1998年2月对台湾海峡中北部3个断面13个取样站进行了自由生活海洋线虫调查，获得了海洋线虫100种，隶属于3目28科91属，其中密度较高的种有萨巴线虫（Sabatieria sp.1)、变异矛咽线虫（Dorylaimopsis variabilis)、Vasostoma sp．、花斑线虫（Spilophorella sp.)、吞咽线虫（Daptonema sp.)、Linhystera sp.1、吸咽线虫（Halalaimus sp.1)和（Filoncholaimus sp.)等。虽然这些海洋线虫绝大多数只鉴定江口外海降低。从优势种分布看，不同取样站其密度差异很大。海洋线虫的取食类型以选择性食沉积物者（1A）占优，有38种，但刮食性种类（2A）和非选择性食沉积物者（1B）也分别为29种和25种，表明了台湾海峡中北部海洋吸虫取食类型的复杂性。文中还探讨了海洋线虫分布与海流等环境因子的关系。 相似文献
2.
A quantitative study on the community structure and biodiversity of free-living marine nematodes and their relationship with environmental factors in the northern South China Sea were carried out based... 相似文献
3.
冬季大连砂质潮间带自由生活海洋线虫群落结构及多样性的比较 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本研究于2015年12月在濒临渤海的大连夏家河子沙滩和濒临黄海的大连金沙滩采集海洋线虫样品,对两处砂质潮间带海洋线虫群落结构及多样性特征进行了研究。研究结果表明,两处砂质潮间带海洋线虫丰度、优势种、摄食结构及多样性差异显著。夏家河子海洋线虫平均丰度为(592.0±318.9) ind./(10 cm2),金沙滩海洋线虫平均丰度为(54.6±53.8) ind./(10 cm2),显著低于夏家河子。共鉴定海洋线虫43种,共有种13个。夏家河子沙滩海洋线虫优势种为Daptonema sp.1、Daptonema sp.2、Theristus sp.1、Setosabatieria sp.1、Prochromadorella sp.1、Daptonema sp.3、Paracyatholaimus sp.1、Sabatieria breviseta,以非选择性沉积食性线虫为主;金沙滩海洋线虫优势种为Oncholaimus sp.1、Chromadorita sp.1、Theristus sp.2, Neochromadora sp.1、Enoplus sp.1、Prochromadorella sp.1,以杂食性或捕食性线虫为主。两处砂质潮间带海洋线虫种数S、丰富度指数d和香农?威纳多样性指数H'存在极显著的差异,其值均表现为夏家河子显著高于金沙滩。相似性分析结果显示,两处沙滩的海洋线虫群落结构存在显著差异。间隙水pH、沉积物有机质含量及中值粒径是引起海洋线虫群落结构及多样性差异的主要因子,其中,沉积物中值粒径对线虫群落特征的影响最为突出。就两处沙滩潮区差异而言,受沉积物粒径特征及pH的影响,夏家河子海洋线虫群落特征在不同潮区之间也存在差异,其低潮带海洋线虫多样性高于高、中潮带,杂食者和捕食者丰度高,反映其海洋线虫群落结构较复杂。金沙滩不同潮区的环境因子无显著差异,线虫群落结构及多样性潮区差异不显著,较为均一。此外,水动力对海洋线虫群落结构沙滩差异和潮区差异也产生重要影响。一方面,水动力通过影响不同粒径沉积物的沉积影响海洋线虫群落特征;另一方面,水动力可影响线虫的分散性,进而对其潮区分布产生影响。 相似文献
4.
Studies on the species composition and biodiversity of free-living marine nematodes in the southern Huanghai Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1 IntroductionThe conservation, persistentuse and basic re-search ofbiodiversity are increasingly becom ing oneofthe centraltopics concerned by internationalaca-dem iccirclesandothergroupsdueto itshugevaluetom ankind living and suffered seriousthreats. Fr… 相似文献
5.
INTRODUCTIONNanophytoplanktonhasbecomeanewresearchfieldsincethe1980s.Amongthis,nanodiatom(<20pm)isthemajorflora.ItisthefoodforaqUaticanimalsandtheimPOrtantlinkoffoodchain.NanodiatomisanimPOrtantoceanicprimaryproducer(WeberandEI-Sayed,1987;Gao,1990;ChenandQian,1992;Chengetal.,1993).Manyscholarshavedonealotoftaxonomicandecologicalworkonnanodiatom.InChina,monographswerepublishedbyProfessorT.G.Chin(JinDe-clang)(1965,1982and1992),butthoseworksfocusedonmorphologicalandecologicalcharact… 相似文献
6.
本文对中国台湾海峡鱼类寄生线虫幼虫的形态特征进行了聚类分析和主成份分析。针对目前鱼类寄生线虫形态分类中存在的问题,尤其是难以区分是形态学差异还是个体间变异,以及主成份分析在分类学中运用应注意的问题进行探讨 。 相似文献
7.
台湾海峡中,北部的蟹类 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文根据我所1983年5月至1984年5月台湾海峡中、北部海洋综合调查资料进行研究,结果表明,本区蟹类已鉴定到种的有112种,其中以梭子蟹科(30种)、玉蟹科(25种)和长脚蟹科(23种)占优势,优势程度较高的种类依次为红色相机蟹、双斑(虫寻)、模糊新短眼蟹和刺足掘沙蟹。全区蟹类平均生物量和栖息密度分别为1.55g/m~2和13个/m~2,其分布以近岸水域高于调查区东侧水域;在季节变化上以秋季最高,冬季最低;细颗粒沉积区蟹类生物量高,粗颗粒沉积区种数较丰富。 相似文献
8.
For the first time, the structure of the meiobenthos community and marine nematodes in particular was investigated in the
different intertidal zones of Jeju Island (South Sea of Korea). A relationship was found between the density of meiobenthic
communities and the type of the bottom sediment. In addition, in the silty sediments, nematodes were dominant, while in the
sandy sediments harpacticoids and ostracods were dominant groups. Sixty eight species belonging to 60 genera and 19 families
of nematodes were found in the whole area. Four different nematode taxocenosis were distinguished using a cluster analysis.
Dominant feeding groups were omnivores (2B) and epistratum-feeders (2A). The highest number of non-selective deposit-feeders
(1B) was detected in the lagoon with the bottom silty sediments. 相似文献
9.
Material is collected on a meridional profile from Yenisei Bay to adjacent parts of the Kara Sea shelf. The length of the profile is 550 km; 13 to 62 m depths. A multiple corer and Niemistö corer are used as sampling tools. The meiobenthos is represented by 13 taxa. Nematodes are the most abundant taxon, and harpacticoid copepods (Harpacticoida) are subdominant. The abundance and taxonomic diversity of meiobenthos and nematodes increases from the freshwater part of Yenisei Bay towards the Kara Sea shelf. Three types of taxocene are distinguished: freshwater, brackish-water, and marine. The taxocene of the estuary is not distinguished by any specific set of species and consists of species characteristic of the nematode community both in the freshwater and marine zones. The trophic structure of the taxocene of nematodes in Yenisei Bay is dominated by nematodes with well-defined stoma and are differently armed. The estuary and shelf are dominated by selective and nonselective deposit feeders. 相似文献
10.
东北季风初期台湾北部沿岸海域浮游动物的特点 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文报道台湾北部沿岸海域东北季风初期浮游动物的特点。台湾西北沿岸海的浮游动物生物量和密度高于台湾岸海域,但是浮游动物种类在东北沿岸海域却较丰富。台湾西北沿岸海域浮游动物属于暖水近岸种类,来自在台湾海峡从南到北暖流。台湾东北沿岸海域浮游动物群落包含来自东海陆架水的种类例如中华哲水蚤、太平洋磷虾, 含有黑潮水的热带暖水近岸种。 相似文献
11.
我国东南近岸海域表层沉积硅藻组合 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对采自我国东南近岸海域18个站位78个表层沉积样品进行了硅藻鉴定分析,根据硅藻优势种和次优势种的分布特征,划分出3个组合和两个亚组合,其较好地对应分布于南海、台湾海峡和东海等3个近岸海域。统计数据表明,近岸海域表层沉积硅藻的分布受大陆入海径流的影响微乎其微,随着水深的增加,我国东南近岸海域海洋初级生产力减小,底栖种、潮间带种减少而浮游种增加;组合Ⅰ的分布表明南海东北部海域明显受黑潮流等外洋水团的影响,可应用组合Ⅱ1和组合Ⅱ2中优势种和特征种硅藻来指示水深,两亚组合面貌的差异是对冬夏两季海峡两侧受不同性质海流控制的响应;组合Ⅲ受沿岸流控制比较明显,而遭受黑潮等外洋水团的影响很弱。 相似文献
12.
分析１９８７—１９８８年在台湾海峡中、北部用浮游生物网采集的水层中的浮游有孔虫标本，研究调查海区浮游有孔虫的生态分布特征及其与海水温度和盐度的关系。结果表明：该海区浮游有孔虫计有１６种，以泡抱球虫Ｇｌｏｂｉｇｅｒｉｎａｂｕｌｌｏｉｄｅｓ为主要优势种类，其次是袋拟抱球虫Ｇｌｏｂｉｇｅｒｉｎｏｉｄｅｓｓａｃｃｕｌｉｆｅｒ和红拟抱球虫Ｇ．ｒｕｂｅｒ。在夏季的７月和８月（特别是７月），浮游有孔虫密集在福建中部沿岸的南日岛至闽江口外海海域一带沿岸水域，其中９０％以上的个体由泡抱球虫组成。此现象推测与夏季出现在福建沿岸的上升流活动有关。 相似文献
13.
黄河口水下三角洲及其邻近水域线虫群落结构的比较研究 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17
采用多元统计分析法，对黄河口水下三角洲及其邻近渤海莱洲湾和渤海中部的线虫群落结构进行了比较研究，结果表明，与10年前相比，线虫群落的种类组成有了显著的变化，渤海中部的非选择性沉积食性者（1B型）增加了1倍，莱洲湾则增加了5倍，表明该海域有机碎屑沉降量的显著增加，线虫群落在物种，属和科的水平上所作的多元统计图形比较表明，在物种和属水平上的图形无显著差异，这说明，这线虫而言，鉴定到属的样品分析，减少了鉴定到种的分类负提，能满足实际的工作需要。 相似文献
14.
青岛湾有机质污染潮间带底栖生物研究
Ⅱ.小型底栖动物生态特点 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
用大型底栖动物为指标来指示、监测和评价海洋有机质污染,国内外已有许多研究报道。但是,由于大型底梄动物世代时间较长,对中低度及非急性致死污染的反应迟缓,不够灵敏迅速,因此这方面的工作至今还未见令人满意的结果。随着小型底栖生物学,尤其是生态学在最近几十年的发展,给人们应用底栖生物来指示和监测海洋污染提供了新的科学依据。小型底牺生物的分布广,野外取样方便,世代周期短,保守的生殖策略,对环境的变化反应更灵敏迅速,因此使其在污染监测研究中有着更大的潜力(Moore & Bett，1989)。作为小型底栖生物的最优势类群一自由生活海洋线虫,因其具有极高的丰度和多样性,以及身体较坚硬不易破碎等优点,而成为污染监测的研究重点(Ferris et al.,1979; Heip et al.,1985)。有关污染环境中小型底栖生物的研究,国外已有许多报道，迄今为止,国内还研究甚少。
青岛湾东侧海滩主要接纳青岛市市南区排放的生活污水和混合废水,近年来大规模截污后,张志南等(1993)曾在此做过小型底栖动物群落的研究,发现线虫密度与小头虫(Capitella Capitata)有着相似的分布特点,并根据线虫群落多样性指数、线虫的取食特性及桡足类的相对丰度,对比Wu Boling et al..(1988)和孙道元等(1978)的研究,得出该湾有机质污染程度正在减轻的结论。但到目前为止,尚缺乏对该海区有机质污染状况及其变化的综合的系统研究。
作者于1991年4月-1992年3月在青岛湾东侧进行了底栖生物调査,本文试图通过对该有机质污染环境中小型底栖生物生态特点的研究,探讨污染指示种、主要类群的丰度、线虫与桡足类的比值(N/C)、线虫群落的多样性指数和种类组成等诸项生态学参数在有机质污染监测中的适用性和优缺点,为海洋污染监测及环境质量评价提供依据和最优选择。 相似文献
15.
Sublittoral meiofauna with particular reference to nematodes in the southern Yellow Sea, China 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Densities of major meiofaunal taxa were investigated at 34 sampling stations during six cruises by R/V Beidou to the southern Yellow Sea, China from 2000 to 2004, and the community structure of free-living marine nematodes was studied during one of the cruises in 2003. Meiofauna abundance ranged from 487.4 to 1655.3 individuals per 10 cm2. Nematodes and harpacticoid copepods were the two most dominant groups, contributing 73.8–92.8% and 3.5–18.7%, respectively, to the total meiofauna abundance. One-way ANOVA showed no significant annual fluctuation of meiofauna and nematode abundances from 2000 to 2004 in the southern Yellow Sea. However, two-way ANOVA based on six stations sampled in 4 years (2001–2004) showed that there were significant differences among the six stations and the 4 sampling years for meiofauna, nematode and copepod abundance. Correlation analysis demonstrated that meiofauna abundance was mainly linked to chloroplastic pigments. Other environmental factors could not be ruled out, however. A total of 232 free-living marine nematode species, belonging to 149 genera, 35 families and 4 orders, were identified. The dominant species in the sampling area were the following: Dorylaimopsis rabalaisi, Microlaimus sp.1, Prochromadorella sp., Promonohystera sp., Cobbia sp.1, Daptonema sp.1, Leptolaimus sp.1, Halalaimus sp.2, Aegialoalaimus sp., Chromadorita sp., Parodontophora marina, Parasphaerolaimus paradoxus, Quadricoma sp.1, Campylaimus sp.1, Halalaimus gracilis, Paramesacanthion sp.1, Paramonohystera sp.1, and Metalinhomoeus longiseta. CLUSTER and SIMPROF analyses revealed three main types of nematode community (or station groups) in the sampling area, including I: coastal community, II: transitory community between coastal and YSCWM (Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass), and III: YSCWM community. Each community was indicated by a number of dominant nematode species. Bio-Env correlation analysis between the nematode community and environmental variables showed that water depth, sediment water content, organic matter, chlorophyll a (Chl-a) and phaeophorbide a (Pha-a) were the most important factors to determine the community structure. 相似文献
16.
台湾海峡夏季海水及某些营养盐水平通量 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据国家海洋局第三海洋研究所１９８４－１９８５年“台湾海峡西部海域综合调查”历史资料和１９９４－１９９５年“台湾海峡碳及生源要素通量研究”课题的现场调查资料,计算出台湾海峡南、北两个断面夏季海水、铵、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和磷酸盐的水平迁移通量。 相似文献
17.
Ingestion rates of free-living marine nematodes were measured using colloidal iron as a tracer. Detritus labeled with colloidal
iron was fed to the dominant nematode species and cultured. The iron ingested by the animals was quantified using a scanning
electron microscope equipped with differential X-ray energy analyzer (EDX). Average ingestion rates (μgC ind.−1day−1) measured were 0.28 for Symplocostoma sp., 0.29 for Polygastrophora sp., 0.73 for Mesacanthion sp. and 0.15 for Metachromadora sp. These values were higher than the values determined using radioactive organic materials as tracers, though the present
method is considered to provide conservative values. This result thus strongly suggests that the ingestion rates of nematodes
measured so far were underestimated, and the use of colloidal iron has advantages over the use of radioactive organic matter
as a tracer. 相似文献
18.
The qualitative and quantitative compositions of free-living marine nematodes were studied in Rifovaya Bay (Peter the Great Gulf, Sea of Japan). It was found that the density distribution of nematode populations in bottom sediments of Rifovaya Bay is nonuniform. In total, 72 nematode species were found, including Oncholaimium paraolium, Viscosia epapilosa, and Monoposthia latiannulata on all types of substrates. The dominant trophic group comprised “predators” (2B) and “scrapers” (2A). It was shown that the species composition of nematodes in Rifovaya Bay is very similar to the species composition of nematodes in the other areas of Peter the Great Gulf. 相似文献
19.
陈柏云 《海洋学报(英文版)》1986,5(1):118-125
A total of 345 species of planktonic copepods have hitherto been found from the China Seas. Among them, tropical and warm-water species are dominant. The similar pattern of geographical distribution of these species is ascribed to the common influence of the coastal currents, the Kuroshio, and the South China Sea warm current. The number of species of planktonic copepods along the coastal waters of China decreases with increasing latitude, and increases with increasing longitude. The composition of the copepod fauna in the China Seas shows that the Bohai Sea and the northern Huanghai Sea belong to the north temperate zone fauna, that the South China Sea, offshore areas of the East China Sea and the southeastern part of the Taiwan Strait belong to the tropical fauna, and the western part of the Taiwan Strait and the northwestern part of the East China Sea belong to the mixed distribution area of tropical and subtropical fauna. 相似文献
20.
Biodiversity patterns of free-living marine nematodes in a tropical bay: Cienfuegos, Caribbean Sea 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
M. Armenteros A. Ruiz-Abierno R. Fernndez-Garcs J.A. Prez-García L. Díaz-Asencio M. Vincx W. Decraemer 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,85(2):179-189
Spatial and temporal biodiversity patterns of free-living marine nematodes were studied in Cienfuegos Bay, a tropical semi-enclosed basin in the Caribbean Sea. Taxonomic (to species level) and functional (biological trait) approaches were applied for describing the assemblage structure and relating it to abiotic environment based on a sampling scheme in six subtidal stations and three months. Biological trait approach added relevant information to species pattern regarding relationships between diversity patterns and the abiotic environment. The most common morphotypes were deposit feeding nematodes, with colonising abilities of 2–3 (in a scale from 1 to 5), tail conical cylindrical or filiforme and body slender; and their abundance were correlated with depth, organic matter and silt/clay fraction. In spite of a high turnover of species, functional diversity of assemblages did not change notably in space and time. A result probably due to sampling of the habitat pool of species and to low heterogeneity of the studied muddy bottoms. Chemical pollution (organic enrichment and heavy metals) and hydrodynamic regime possibly drove the biodiversity patterns. Spatial distribution of assemblages support the existence of two well differentiated basins inside the bay, the northern basin more polluted than the southern one. The low hydrodynamic regime would determine a poor dispersion of nematodes resulting in high spatial variance in the assemblage structure; and also the associated hypoxic conditions and pollutants in sediments can explain the dominance of tolerant nematode species such as Daptonema oxycerca, Sabatieria pulchra, Terschellingia gourbaultae, and Terschellingia longicaudata. A comparison of spatial–temporal patterns of biodiversity between Cienfuegos Bay and other semi-enclosed bays in temperate regions suggests several similarities: nematode assemblages are strongly influenced by anthropogenic disturbance, temporal trends are weak or overridden by spatial ones, and few cosmopolitan genera/species tolerant to pollution and hypoxic conditions are dominant. 相似文献