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主要根据台湾海峡的实测海流资料，以夏、冬为代表季节，分析了台湾海峡２—３个纬向断面的海流结构，计算出各断面的海水通量。结果表明：夏季，台湾海峡中、北部海域各层的海流一般偏Ｎ向流动，Ｎ向的海水净通量为３．３２×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１；冬季，高温高盐的黑潮水和南海水由南向北经南部断面进入台湾海峡，其海水通量分别为１．６９×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１和０．５９×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１；而东海水由北向南通过北部断面进入台湾海峡，其海水通量为１．０２×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１，其中，有０．４０×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１的海水沿着福建和广东近岸流进南海，其余０．６２×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１的海水在台湾海峡北部混合后随同黑潮水和南海水流入东海。总之，流经台湾海峡的Ｎ向海水净通量为１．７４×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１。 相似文献
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台湾海峡西部海域潮流和余流的特征 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
本文取“福建海岸带调查”的9个站和“台湾海峡西部海域综合调查”10个站的海流周日连续观测资料,分析了台湾海峡西部海域潮流、余流的性质及其分布特征。 相似文献
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中国科学院海洋研究所和福建省水产研究所协作，于1975年和1984年分别对台湾海峡24°N 以南的闽南－台湾浅滩渔场和24°-27°N 的闽中－闽东渔场(以下简称海峡)进行了地形和底质调查(图1)。本文依据这两次调查所得资料，对台湾海峡及其附近的地形和沉积特征作初步研究。 相似文献
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利用在台湾海峡附近的下放式声学多普勒流速剖面仪(Lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler,LADCP)观测资料和温盐观测资料,通过对连续站的两个季节观测进行正压和斜压潮流分析从而去除潮流得到准定常流,并在此基础上计算了南海和东海之间通过台湾海峡输运的水体及热盐通量。结果表明:台湾海峡大部分海域是半日潮海区(正规半日潮及不正规半日潮海区),半日潮主要分量为太阴半日分潮M2;台湾海峡的水体输运及热盐通量呈现明显的季节变化:夏季台湾海峡内表现为一支东北流向的海流,即台湾海峡暖流,存在3.3 Sv(1Sv=106 m3/s)的东北向水体输运,冬季东北季风较强,西南方向的海流加强,混合层可达到底部,存在1.8 Sv的东北向水体输运。与此对应的热盐通量分别为:夏季热通量为0.34×1015 W,盐通量为118.6×109 g/s;冬季热通量为0.14×1015 W,盐通量为72.9×109 g/s。该结果对台湾海峡通量的研究给出了一个直接观测的准确值,并为相关的数值研究提供了参考。 相似文献
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1997年冬季南海南部海区不同天气过程下的湍汉通量输送 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用“九五”南沙群岛及其邻近海区综合科学考察１９９７年１１月３－２６日期间的走航和定点连续观测获得的大气和海洋资料,探讨了调查海区的气象特征;使用考虑风速和大气稳定笥影响并经高度订正的整体通量输送动力学公式,计算了动量、感热和潜热的湍流通量。结果表明,与其它天气过程相比,降水过程期间无论是大气向海洋输送的动量通量,还是海洋向大气输送的感热通量,其值都是最大的。 相似文献
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台湾海峡海表气溶胶干沉降通量研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在已改进的Williams模型中,应用GW03海表动力学粗糙度参数化方案,考虑波浪对干沉降速率的影响,结合卫星资料和再分析资料,计算了台湾海峡海表气溶胶干沉降速率,并利用2006～2007年走航观测结果计算了台湾海峡总悬浮颗粒物的入海通量.其结果表明：台湾海峡海表气溶胶干沉降速率及总悬浮颗粒物干沉降通量具有明显的时空变化特征.台湾海峡海表气溶胶干沉降速率范围为5.83～6.17 cm/s,平均值为6.00 cm/s.其中冬季气溶胶干沉降速率最大,平均值为6.08 cm/s;夏季气溶胶干沉降速率最小,平均值为5.85 cm/s.台湾海峡气溶胶总悬浮颗粒物的干沉降通量也呈现出冬季的高[均值为7.31μg/（m2.s）],夏季的低[均值为2.23μg/（m2.s）]的特征.从空间分布上看,台湾海峡海表气溶胶干沉降速率出现1个高值中心,位于台湾海峡北部海域.总悬浮颗粒物干沉降通量出现2个高值中心和1个低值中心,分别位于台湾海峡北部海域、汕头至厦门海域和南海中北部海域. 相似文献
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黑潮水入侵南海的水文分析：Ⅱ.1994年8—9月期间的观测结果 总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25
利用１９９４年８－９月期间，由台湾海峡两岸的４艘海洋调查船在南海东北部海域所获之ＣＴＤ和ＡＤＣＰ资料，并结合１９９２年３月间在同一海域获取的ＣＴＤ资料及部分历史水文资料，对该区域的海水特性以及黑潮水入侵南海等问题进行了分析探讨。 相似文献
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“台湾海峡南部水深30—60m海底首次发现文昌鱼大面积分布”;“发现了多毛类一个新属三个新种”;“台湾浅滩南部存在着上升流、平潭岛东北和泉州湾外海区也发现有上升流现象”;“台湾海峡内存在着浅海声道”。这些是从最近在厦门召开的“台湾海峡西部海域综合调查”成果评审验收会上获悉的。来自全国24个单位的同行专家、教授和工程技术人员70多名,在听取了国家海洋局第三海洋研究所关于“台湾海峡西部海域综合调查”的工作报告和海洋水文气象、海水化学、海洋生物、海洋初级生产力、海洋地质地貌、海水声速和海洋人工放射性等专业的调查研究报告之后,根据国家海洋局下达的任务与要求,认真地审查了全部成果。认为该调查是一次较全面、较系统、范围广、站位多、同步周日连续观测和分片准同步大面的调查。海水化学要素做到现场过滤分析;海水声速应用声速仪直接测定;海洋沉积 相似文献
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胶州湾浮游植物遗传多样性及其季节变化研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
分别于春、夏、秋三季提取了胶州湾浮游生物总DNA,用PCR方法扩增了浮游植物核酮糖1,5-二磷酸羧化/氧化酶大亚基(rbcL)基因片段,构建了三季节rbcL基因片段质粒文库.随机从各文库中选择约50个克隆,测定了这些克隆的序列.以氨基酸序列相同为标准,共获得59个分类操作单元(OTUs),其中春季特有的21个,夏季特有的13个,秋季特有的23个.有两个OTUs为春、夏季表层海水共有.基于OTU丰度计算的香农氏指数能反映遗传多样性水平.胶州湾春、夏、秋三季的香农氏指数分别为2.69,2.44和2.76,表明秋季胶州湾浮游植物遗传多样性最丰富.春、夏、秋三季浮游植物群落组成差异显著.除夏秋季有两个OTUs相同外,其他OTUs在季节间完全不同.表层海水浮游植物群落结构是动态的,随时间、空间的不同而变化. 相似文献
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1 IntroductionRibulose-1, 5-bisphosphatecarboxylase/oxyge-nase(RubisCO)isthem ostim portantenzymeforpho-tobiosynthesis. Itcatalyzesboth thereduction ofCO2and the oxygenolysisofribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate.Asthemostabundantproteinonearth (Ellis, 1979),RubisC… 相似文献
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根据2011年5月(春)和8月(夏)福建省东山湾海洋生态环境的调查数据,研究了海水中溶解态重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd和Cr(T))的平面分布特征及其影响机制,结果表明:(1)海水中溶解态重金属含量平面分布呈在西南部形成“点源汇集状高值区”且自西向东逐渐递减趋势;除锌元素外,重金属含量季节变化趋势均为夏季>春季。(2)20世纪80年代以来,除海水中Zn含量逐年增加外,Cu、Pb和Cd等污染物含量的变化趋势基本符合倒“U”形环境库兹涅茨曲线。(3)采用数理统计软件分析各溶解态重金属含量之间相关性,春季海水中重金属含量除总铬外,其余4种重金属含量两两呈显著正相关;夏季海水中重金属含量仅Cu-Cd和Cd-Cr(T)相关性较好。(4)温度、盐度、pH值、化学需氧量、溶解氧、营养盐和生物效应是海水中溶解态重金属含量变化重要的影响因子。 相似文献
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Jianming Pan Chuanyu Hu Jianfang Chen Xiaoya Liu Huaiyang Zhou Weidong Ji 《海洋学报(英文版)》2003,22(3):385-394
According to two cruises investigation information in summer and winter during 1998 and1999, the phosphorous concentration distribution and changes of summer and winter were discussed pri-marily in the South China Sea. The results show that the phosphate concentration of surface seawater insummer is distinctly lower than that in winter, averaging 0.04 μmol/dm3 in summer and 0.35 μmol/dm3 in winter. The organic phosphorous concentration of surface seawater in summer is higher than thatin winter, averaging 0.12μmol/dm3 in summer and 0.04 μmol/dm3 in winter respectively. The season-al changes of total phosphorus are similar to phosphate, averaging 0.22 μmol/dm3 in summer and 0.61μmol/dm3 in winter respectively. In vertical direction, phosphate, TDP and TP content are the lowestin upper 50 m water column, and increase in linearity rapidly with water depth, increasing slowly under500 m, reach to maximum about 1 000 m, then decrease slightly with water depth increasing. The ver-tical distribution is typical in summer, and there is small dispersed for phosphorus concentration for thesame depth of different stations. However, in winter there is a large disperse for phosphate, TDP andTP, specifically for phosphate at 200 m at which the concentration is maximum. This result indicatesthat there are large differences in hydrology and biology conditions that affect largely the chemical envi-ronment of the South China Sea. The organic phosphorus is the predominant in surface seawater of theSouth China Sea, but the inorganic phosphorus is the predominant in layers below depth of 150 m. Theorganic phosphorus concentration in deep water usually decreases with water depth increasing. The or-ganic phosphorus in summer is remarkably more than that in winter because of the strong biology activi-ties in summer. 相似文献
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南海海域海水中各形态磷的化学分布特征 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
根据1998年7月和1999年1月两个航次的调查资料,对南海水体中磷的含量分布以及夏、冬季变化规律进行了探讨.结果表明,南海表层水体中磷酸盐夏季含量明显低于冬季,夏季平均含量为0.004μmol/dm3,而冬季为0.35 μmol/dm3;有机磷含量夏季高于冬季,含量分别为0.12,0.04 μmol/dm3;总磷含量的季节变化与无机磷酸盐类似,夏、冬季含量分别为0.22,0.61 μmol/dm3.在垂向分布上表层50 m水柱中PO43--P,总溶解态磷和总磷含量最小,随水深增加基本上呈线性快速增加,至500 m增加减缓,1 000 m左右为最大含量,然后随着水深略有下降.在夏季垂直分布比较典型,不同站位在一水深的含量离散性小,而冬季PO43--P,总溶解态磷和总磷的垂直分布则显得离散性大,尤其是PO43--P分布在200 m左右出现最大值,说明当年冬季南海各区域存在着较大水文、生物差异,很大的影响了化学环境的变化.在南海表层水中通常以有机磷占优势,在150 m深处以下的水中则以无机磷为主.深水中溶解的有机磷含量一般随水深减少.夏季的有机磷明显高于冬季,表明夏季的生物作用强烈. 相似文献
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用锰纤维富集-射气法测量了北黄海水体的^224 Ra，研究了该海域夏季和冬季2个季节^224 Ra比活度及其垂直分布，并对其进行了比较研究．北黄海夏季^224 Ra
比活度为0．24—3．48Bq／m2，平均值为1．14Bq／m2；冬季^224 Ra比活度为0．37～6．68Bq／m2，平均值为0．94Bq／m2．北黄海的表层水有3个^224 Ra
高值区，分别位于东北部海域、渤海海峡南部和北黄海中北部海区．30m水深将^224 Ra比活度的垂直分布分成上层和下层2层．在0～30m水层，夏季，随着水深增加^224 Ra比活度逐渐增加，比活度变化较小；冬季部分站位由表层向下^224 Ra比活度逐渐降低．30m水深以下，^224 Ra比活度随着水深的增加而增加，而且变化幅度较大．由^224 Ra比活度的垂直分布得出该海域的垂直涡动扩散系数为2．5～43．5cm2／s，夏季北黄海冷水团中心海域底层溶解态化学物质输运补给到上层所经历的时间为9～15d左右． 相似文献
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Field observation was conducted to monitor phosphate concentrations in groundwater and seawater mixing at two sandy beaches in Futtsu and Miura in Tokyo Bay, Japan. Dissolved phosphate concentrations were measured along transects from fresh groundwater aquifer to seawater adjacent the beaches. The concentrations were often high (up to 46 µM) in fresh groundwater samples (Cl– < 0.2). Coastal seawater, on the other hand, exhibited low phosphate concentrations (1.5 µM or less). Along the transects, phosphate generally displayed non-conservative behavior during mixing of fresh and saline waters in the aquifer; concentrations as high as 100 µM were found around the upper limit of seawater intrusion (Cl– = 2). Laboratory experiments were executed to identify the processes that control the phosphate behavior in the mixing processes. The results revealed that adsorption-desorption processes by the aquifer sand particles could significantly control the phosphate concentrations in the groundwater. Furthermore, the adsorption and/or desorption was found to be a function of salinity; the equilibrium concentration of dissolved phosphate in slurry of sand and water was the highest in freshwater and decreased considerably in saline water. The extreme concentration of phosphate may be caused by release from sand particles coinciding with the rapid change in salinity with tide. 相似文献
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The distribution and geochemical composition of suspended-particulate matter (SPM) in the East China Sea (ECS) were investigated
during the summer period of high continental runoff to elucidate SPM sources, distribution and cross-shelf transport. The
spatial variability of SPM distribution (0.3–6.5 mg l−1) and geochemical composition (POC, Al, Si, Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg and K) in the ECS was pronounced during summer when the continental
fluxes of freshwater and terrestrial materials were highest during the year. Under the influences of Changjiang runoff, Kuroshio
intrusion, surface production and bottom resuspension, the distribution generally showed strong gradients decreasing seaward
for both biogenic and lithogenic materials. Particulate organic carbon was enriched in surface water (mean ∼18%) due to the
influence of biological productivity, and was diluted by resuspended and/or laterally-transported materials in bottom water
(mean 9.4%). The abundance of lithogenic elements (Al, Si, Fe, Mn) increased toward the bottom, and the distribution correlations
were highly significant. Particulate CaCO3 distribution provided evidence that the SPM of the bottom water in the northern part of the study area was likely mixed with
sediments originally derived from Huanghe. A distinct benthic nepheloid layer (BNL) was present in all seaward transects of
the ECS shelf. Sediment resuspension may be caused by tidal fluctuation and other forcing and be regarded as the principal
agent in the formation of BNL. This BNL was likely responsible for the transport of biogenic and lithogenic particles across
or along the ECS shelf. Total inventories of SPM, POC and PN are 46, 2.8 and 0.4 Tg, respectively, measured over the total
area of 0.45 × 106 km2 of the ECS shelf. Their mean residence times are about 27, 13 and 11 days, respectively. The inventory of SPM in the water
column was higher in the northernmost and southernmost transects and lower in the middle transects, reflecting the influences
of terrestrial inputs from Changjiang and/or resuspended materials from Huanghe deposits in the north and perhaps from Minjiang
and/or Taiwan’s rivers in the south. The distribution and transport patterns of SPM and geochemical elements strongly indicate
that continental sources and cross-shelf transport modulate ECS particulate matter in summer. 相似文献
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2009年1月至11月对广西钦州典型养殖海湾-钦州湾海域表层海水石油烃进行了4次采样调查,分析该海域石油烃污染状况,探讨石油烃的时空分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明,钦州湾表层海水石油烃的质量浓度在0.001~0.095 mg/L之间,平均值为0.022 mg/L;季节变化呈现夏季最高,秋、冬季次之,春季最低的特点,夏、冬季海水受到不同程度石油污染,春、秋季均达到国家《海水水质标准》二类标准。水平分布上总体呈现春、秋季节外湾大于内湾,夏、冬季节内湾大于外湾的特征。钦州湾水产养殖活动及陆地径流输入是影响石油烃时空变化的主要因素。春季石油烃的质量浓度与温度和溶解氧等环境因子有着较好的相关性,夏季石油烃和溶解无机磷存在显著正相关。总体上钦州湾海域目前受石油烃污染程度较轻,仍有一定接纳自净能力。 相似文献