共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 359 毫秒
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随着新能源电动汽车的发展,磷酸铁锂(LiFePO4,LFP)电池的报废量逐年剧增,由于其有价金属锂含量低,回收经济性差,近年来废旧LFP的低成本回收成为研究热点。基于同构诱导置换浸出,以FeCl3为浸出剂,在固-液反应体系中探究了FeCl3对LFP中的锂浸出的影响因素,利用未反应核收缩模型探究了两个浸出阶段的宏观动力学。结果表明,增大FeCl3/LFP摩尔比、减小固液比和升高反应温度可以显著促进锂的浸出;在浸出前4 min内,锂浸出速率主要受固态产物层内扩散过程控制,表观活化能为6.68 kJ/mol; 4 min后锂浸出速率受流体膜外扩散、产物层内扩散和化学反应混合机制的控制。 相似文献
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本文研究了1971—2015年世界铁矿石供需与流动格局的时空变化,结果显示：① 世界铁矿石年产量期末比期初增加了12.26亿t,年均增长2.17%;1992年以前,欧洲曾是世界铁矿石的消费重心,但随后亚洲后来居上。② 研究期内世界铁矿石输出量年均增长达3.7%,大洋洲和南美洲成为铁矿石的主要输出地,2015年占世界的比重分别达53.73%和26.23%;本世纪以来铁矿石输入量最大的是中国、日本和韩国,2015年分别占世界总量的65.07%、8.94%和5%。③ 基于“场”理论,采用位势、“源”、“汇”、迹线等概念审视全球铁矿石流场的基本特征和流场成因,发现世界铁矿石流动的“位势”北半球较低,而南半球较高;亚洲、欧洲是主要的汇流场,大洋洲、南美洲是主要的源流场。本文研究揭示了近半个世纪以来世界铁矿石资源的流动状态及其演变过程,对于我国科学地制定产业政策具有重要价值。 相似文献
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报道了５２个南极铁陨石的１３个元素的浓度，并根据其构造和Ｇａ，Ｇｅ，Ｎｉ，Ｉｒ及其它微量元素的含量进行了分类，５２个铁陨石由１６个ＩＡＢ，１２个ＩＡＢ，１个ＩＥ，３个ＩＩＡＢ，１个ＩＩＣＤ，１个ＩＶＡ及１８个未分群的化学群组成。ＩＡＢ，ＩＩＣＤ及ＩＥ为非岩浆成因的铁陨石群，它们是由球粒陨石质母体近表面区冲击产生单独的熔体池形成的，ＩＡＢ，ＩＩＡＢ及ＩＶＡ显示金属岩浆分离结晶作用的特征，为岩浆成因的铁陨石。岩浆群铁陨石元素－Ｎｉ的斜率一般比非岩浆群高。有意思的是在南极回收的５２个铁陨石中，相对于非南极铁陨石ＩＡＢ和未分群的铁陨石丰度较高（分别为２７．８％和４７．２％），而ＩＩＡＢ群的丰度较低（５．８％），它们含有以前未采到样品的母体形成区域、质量、冲击碰撞频率的信息。 相似文献
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采用微生物宏基因组学微阵列GeoChip 5.0技术,选择腾格里沙漠东南缘沙坡头地区不同年代人工固沙植被区的生物土壤结皮（BSC）为对象,分析BSC演替过程中参与铁代谢的功能微生物组成及其功能基因变化特征,研究微生物铁代谢对BSC演替的响应及调控。结果表明：真菌参与铁吸收和转运过程,古菌参与铁转运和贮存过程,细菌则在铁代谢吸收、转运和贮存过程中均起主要调控作用。门水平上,BSC铁代谢功能微生物组成变化对演替的响应不敏感,BSC铁代谢微生物主要为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）。BSC铁代谢功能基因多样性的显著提高和三类铁代谢过程基因信号强度达到最高水平需要经过61 a的演替。调控BSC铁吸收过程的主要功能基因为亚铁氧化酶编码基因iro;调控原核生物铁转运过程的主要功能基因,为羟基苯甲酰丝氨酸铁外膜转运体编码基因cirA和Fe（Ⅱ）转运蛋白编码基因feoB,真菌铁转运过程主要依靠含铁细胞转运体和铁氧化酶高亲和力的作用;调控铁贮存过程的主要功能基因为固定相类核蛋白编码基因dps。在BSC演替阶段末期,上述铁代谢功能基因强度的显著增加促进了微生物的铁代谢潜能。干旱、半干旱荒漠生态系统植被恢复过程中微生物铁代谢潜能的恢复需要较长时间。 相似文献
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Properties of iron at the Earth's core conditions 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Orson L. Anderson 《Geophysical Journal International》1986,84(3):561-579
Summary. The phase diagram of iron up to 330 GPa is solved using the experimental data of static high pressure (up to 11 GPa) and the experimental data of shock wave data (up to 250 GPa). A solution for the highest triple point is found ( P = 280 GPa and T = 5760 K) by imposing the thermodynamic constraints of triple points. This pressure of the triple point is less than the pressure of the inner core–outer core boundary of the Earth. These results indicate that the density of iron at the inner core–outer core boundary pressure is close to 13 g cm−3 , which lies close to the seismic solutions of the Earth at that pressure. It is thus concluded that the Earth's inner core is very likely to be virtually pure iron in its hexagonal close packed (hcp) phase.
It is shown that four properties of the Earth's inner core determined from seismology are close in value to the corresponding properties of hcp iron at inner core conditions: density, bulk modulus, longitudinal velocity, and Poisson's ratio. The density–pressure profile of hcp iron at inner core conditions matches the density–pressure profile of the inner core as determined by seismic methods, within the spread of values given by recent seismic models.
This indicates that the Earth is slowly cooling, the Earth's inner core is growing by crystallization, and the impurities of the core are concentrated in the outer core. The calculated temperature at the Earth's centre is 6450 K. 相似文献
It is shown that four properties of the Earth's inner core determined from seismology are close in value to the corresponding properties of hcp iron at inner core conditions: density, bulk modulus, longitudinal velocity, and Poisson's ratio. The density–pressure profile of hcp iron at inner core conditions matches the density–pressure profile of the inner core as determined by seismic methods, within the spread of values given by recent seismic models.
This indicates that the Earth is slowly cooling, the Earth's inner core is growing by crystallization, and the impurities of the core are concentrated in the outer core. The calculated temperature at the Earth's centre is 6450 K. 相似文献
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新疆松湖铁矿床位于伊犁地块东北部,矿体赋存于下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山碎屑岩中．目前共圈定5个矿体,L1、L2出露,IJ3、L4、L5矿体隐伏,其中L1规模最大,也是该矿床主要矿体．矿床主要矿石矿物为磁铁矿,次为赤铁矿、黄铁矿和褐铁矿．矿石构造类型主要为浸染状、块状、角砾状和条带状构造．蚀变类型主要有绿帘石化、绿泥石化、阳起石化和钾长石化．矿床形成经历了隐爆一矿浆成矿期和热液成矿期2个阶段．该矿床成因类型属于受热液作用交代改造的火山岩型铁矿． 相似文献
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The crystal structure of iron in the Earth's inner core 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Colin M. Sayers 《Geophysical Journal International》1990,103(1):285-286
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在中国第 1 8次南极科学考察期间 ( 2 0 0 2年 1月至 3月 )于南极普里兹湾进行了 3次铁加富培养浮游植物实验。共在三个站位 (St.Ⅰ 1 ,Ⅶ 1和Ⅶ 5 )的 2 0m水深处采水进行培养实验(分别标记为实验 1 ,2和 3)。三个站位水样的营养盐浓度都很高 (NO3 N 2 2- 2 9μM ,PO4 P1 1- 1 7μM ,SiO3 Si35- 60 μM ) ,而叶绿素a (Chla)浓度却变化很大 ,三个站位的浓度分别为 0 1 3- 0 1 7,0 2 0- 0 2 6和 2 35- 2 65 μg·L- 1 。St.Ⅰ 1和Ⅶ 1是典型的HNLC(high nu trient,low chlorophyllaconcentration ,高营养盐 ,低叶绿素a浓度 )海区特征。结果表明 ,在实验1和 2 ,添加铁大大促进了浮游植物的生长和营养盐的消耗。在实验 1中 ,添加 2 0 ,40和 80nM铁的培养瓶中的Chla浓度指数生长 ,在第 1 7d达到最高 ( 4 0- 43μg·L- 1 ) ,生长率为 0 .36- 0 .38d- 1 。添加 1 0nM铁的培养瓶中Chla浓度增长缓慢 ,在第 2 3d达到最高 ( 1 9.35 μg·L- 1 ) ,生长率为 0 .2 7d- 1 。在对照瓶和添加 5nM铁的培养瓶中 ,Chla浓度的生长率分别为 0 .1 3和0 .1 6d- 1 。在实验 2中 ,对照瓶和添加 1 0和 40nM铁的培养瓶中的Chla浓度的生长率分别为0 .1 3,0 .32和 0 .40d- 1 。在实验 3,对照瓶和添加铁的培养瓶中 相似文献
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西藏土壤有效铁含量及其影响因素 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
根据西藏土壤18个供试土类169个剖面有效铁(Fe)的分析资料,探讨土壤有效Fe含量变化及其影响因素。结果表明,西藏供试土壤表层有效Fe含量平均为83 mg/kg,但各类土壤变化很大,其中50~238 mg/kg的土壤面积占35.2%,<50 mg/kg的土壤面积占61.5%,只有少部分土壤有效Fe低于缺乏临界值5 mg/kg。有效Fe高的土壤几乎都是有机质丰富的酸性土,而有效Fe较低的土壤大多是有机质缺乏的碱性钙质土。土壤有效Fe含量受pH、铁的形态、有机质和粘粒等因素的综合影响。土壤有效Fe随pH的升高而降低。土壤有效Fe与全Fe、游离Fe无关,而与活性Fe、络合Fe呈极显著正相关,据此推论有效Fe来自活性Fe包括其中络合Fe与非络合活性Fe两部分。土壤有效Fe与有机质、粘粒含量呈极显著正相关,有机质对有效Fe的贡献在于其作为络合剂形成络合Fe和作为阳离子吸附载体吸持活性Fe离子;粘粒的贡献则是作为阳离子吸附载体吸持活性Fe离子,但其贡献远不如有机质。 相似文献
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J. P. Poirier 《Geophysical Journal International》1986,85(2):315-328
Summary . Dislocation theories of melting provide a possibility of calculating the melting temperature, from first principles, as the temperature at which the free energy of a crystal saturated with dislocations becomes equal to that of the dislocation-free crystal. After a brief review of the physical bases of the dislocation melting theories, Ninomiya's theory is used to determine the melting temperature as well as the volume and entropy of melting and the slope of the melting curve for iron at atmospheric pressure and under conditions prevailing at the Earth's inner core boundary. The necessary parameters (elastic moduli, Grüneisen parameter) are drawn from seismological earth models. We find a melting temperature of the material of the inner core of about 6150 K, independent of shock-wave experiments but in good agreement with them and with extrapolations using Lindemann's law. With usually accepted values of the melting point depression due to light elements in solution, the temperature at the inner core boundary is found to be T ICB ≅ 5000 K. This temperature is compatible with a temperature of the outer core at the core-mantle boundary T CMB ≅ 3800 K. Dislocation melting theories can thus help constrain the temperature profile in the Earth's core. 相似文献
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三江平原水环境中可溶性铁的分布特征研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
2005~2007年共6次采集了三江平原主要河流和水田集中分布区的地下水水样,分析可溶性铁含量。结果显示:地下水中Fe2 含量普遍高于Fe3 ;可溶性铁含量变化于0.03~21.00 mg/L,平均为5.48 mg/L,最大值出现在夏汛期。江河水中可溶性铁的主要形态是Fe3 ;可溶性铁含量的变化范围是0.04~2.05 mg/L,平均为0.42 mg/L,峰值也出现在夏汛期;沼泽性河流中可溶性铁含量高于非沼泽性河流。松花江可溶性铁输出通量为240×105kg/a,黑龙江为200×105kg/a,乌苏里江为70×105kg/a。 相似文献
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The carbon cycle and biogeochemical dynamics in lake sediments 总被引：30，自引：3，他引：27
Walter E. Dean 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1999,21(4):375-393
The concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and CaCO3 in lake sediments are often inversely related. This relation occurs in surface sediments from different locations in the same lake, surface sediments from different lakes, and with depth in Holocene sediments. Where data on accumulation rates are available, the relation holds for organic carbon and CaCO3 accumulation rates as well. An increase of several percent OC is accompanied by a decrease of several tens of percent CaCO3 indicating that the inverse relation is not due to simple dilution of one component by another. It appears from core data that once the OC concentration in the sediments becomes greater than about 12%, the CO2 produced by decomposition of that OC and production of organic acids lowers the pH of anoxic pore waters enough to dissolve any CaCO3 that reaches the sediment-water interface. In a lake with a seasonally anoxic hypolimnion, processes in the water column also can produce an inverse relation between OC and CaCO3 over time. If productivity of the lake increases, the rain rate of OC from the epilimnion increases. Biogenic removal of CO2 and accompanying increase in pH also may increase the production of CaCO3. However, the decomposition of organic matter in the hypolimnion will decrease the pH of the hypolimnion causing greater dissolution of CaCO3 and therefore a decrease in the rain rate of CaCO3 to the sediment-water interface. 相似文献
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含铬废水具有有机物含量高,难降解物质浓度高,色度大,悬浮物多,水质、水量变化大,含有微量毒性物质等特点。本文探讨了在不同参数条件下,硫酸亚铁、铁、硫化亚铁三种还原剂对含铬废水处理效果的影响,实验表明:硫酸亚铁具有明显的优越性,在同等条件下其去除率达到99%以上。 相似文献
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以岷江冲积物、黄壤残积物发育成的水稻土为对照,研究了紫色砂岩泥岩母质发育成的紫色水稻土氧化铁的形态及其含量和转化。揭示了紫色水稻土具有无定形铁含量,铁活化度较高,氧化铁的转化作用较弱等独特的发生特性。 相似文献
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