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1.
海南岛万宁地区寒武纪地层及其沉积特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海南岛万宁地区的寒武系为海南岛除三亚地区外迄今所见惟一有化石依据的寒武纪地层。该区寒武纪地层暂命名为美子林组,自下而上可分为３个岩性段：一段为滨—浅海相为主体的陆源碎屑沉积,厚度大于６７３ｍ ;二段为滨海—浅海相含灰质的细碎屑岩沉积,局部见灰岩条带,厚１５６ｍ 以上;三段以浅海—近滨相碳酸盐岩沉积为主体,主要为灰岩、泥灰岩、砂质—粉砂质灰岩、灰质粉砂岩,厚度大于１９６ｍ ,寒武纪瓶虫和海绵骨针化石即产于该段灰岩中 相似文献
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塔里木盆地阿克苏-柯坪地区寒武系-奥陶系的沉积环境 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文讨论了塔里木西北缘厚一千余米的寒武系-奥陶系暗色碳酸盐岩夹细碎屑岩系的沉积环境。寒武系以粉-细晶白云岩、微晶叠层石白云岩夹细碎屑岩为主;奥陶系以含硅粉-细晶白云岩、内碎屑岩、细碎屑岩与灰岩的混合岩互层为主。根据矿物成分、生物化石、结构构造、岩石的元素、稳定同位素、矿物组合等判断,其沉积环境为半封闭的潮坪环境至开阔的陆棚沉积环境。 相似文献
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贵州台江八郎凯里组层序地层及海平面变化初探 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
贵州台江八郎凯里组以含钙质泥岩—泥灰岩、含钙质泥岩—粉砂岩和含钙质泥岩—灰岩等3种韵律性沉积为主,沉积体系域类型主要包含有大陆边缘体系域、海侵体系域和早期高水位体系域。在凯里组沉积初期,台江地区的水体相对较浅、生物相对较少;随着海平面的上升,生物在分异度和丰度上的大大增加,构成了台江生物群;当海平面升至最高点时,台江沉积区处于一个相对深水的环境,以大量的浮游类和较强游泳能力的生物为特征,成为了凯里生物群的开始;海平面逐渐下降,浮游生物逐渐减少;至凯里组沉积晚期,海平面的下降使台江地区的水体再度变浅、生物化石相对稀少。在台江八郎剖面上,凝缩段之下早寒武世的三叶虫Bathynotus消失,Orycto-cephalusindicus等三叶虫在凝缩段底界出现。凝缩段底界与下、中寒武统界线基本一致,表明了凝缩段是该区下、中寒武统地层划分、对比的关键。 相似文献
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A.E. Kontorovich V.A. Kontorovich I.V. Korovnikov S.V. Saraev N.V. Sennikov Yu.F. Filippov A.I. Varlamov A.S. Efimov Yu.A. Filiptsov A.A. Postnikov A.A. Terleev G.A. Karlova K.E. Nagovitsin D.A. Tokarev T.P. Baturina I.A. Gubin B.B. Kochnev N.V. Novozhilova V.A. Luchinina 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2012,53(10):972-981
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XIAO Chuantao Jianghan Petroleum Institute Jingzhou Hubei PAN Yuntang Graduate School Academia Sini Beijing Liu Xinzhu 《《地质学报》英文版》1999,73(3):341-347
The Carboniferous system in the Xiaohaizi area, Bachu County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, composed of typical mixed terrigenous clastic, carbonate and sulphate sediments, was mainly deposited in the tidal flat and lagoon environments. The mixed sediments occur as the following eleven types: 1. limestone intercalated with siltstone; 2. interbeds of shale and limestone; 3. gypsolyte interbedded with limestone; 4. gypsolyte intercalated with siltstone; 5. gypsolyte interbedded with shale; 6. gypsolyte intercalated with siltstone, limestone and dolomite; 7. siltstone interbedded with gypsolyte and limestone; 8. terrigenous detritus scattered in carbonate matrix; 9. carbonate as cement in clastic rocks; 10. mixed sediments of carbonate and terrigenous mud; 11. mixed sediments of carbonate grains with terrigenous sand. Based on the analysis of the dynamic mechanism of mixed sediments, it is believed that these types of mixed sediments in the study area were controlled by climate, sea level change and so 相似文献
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华北寒武纪—奥陶纪豹皮状碳酸盐岩系生物扰动成因 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
华北地区寒武系和奥陶系发育了大量的生物扰动白云岩/生物扰动灰岩,选择两个代表性剖面——河南登封寒武系剖面和山西兴县奥陶系剖面进行碳酸盐岩系生物扰动成因研究。河南登封寒武系第二统朱砂洞组中的遗迹化石较单一,主要为Thalassinoides、含有少量Planolites;山西兴县中奥陶统马家沟组五5亚段中遗迹化石较丰富,识别出的遗迹化石共7个遗迹属,分别为Arenicolites、Cylindricum、Helminthopsis、Lorenzinia、Planolites、Teichichnus、Thalassinoides,其中Thalassinoides占主导地位。朱砂洞组主要为滨岸碳酸盐潮坪相,中奥陶统马家沟组五5亚段主要为局限台地相。通过野外地质考察及室内相关实验手段及方法,利用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜对生物潜穴及围岩进行了宏观和微观结构分析,发现生物潜穴内部主要为白云石,基质围岩主要为方解石,生物潜穴在野外露头上表现为颜色不一的斑块状。两个剖面大量发育遗迹化石Thalassinoides(海生迹),Thalassinoides的三维潜穴系统为白云石化流体提供了良好的运移通道,为回流渗透作用提供了有利条件,促进潜穴充填物白云石化,从而形成了大量豹皮状的生物扰动白云岩。 相似文献
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微生物的钙化机理是当今微生物碳酸盐岩研究的热点。微观条件下,在豫西寒武纪碳酸盐岩叠层石中发现了大量微生物化石,形态特征明显,为典型蓝细菌属的丝状葛万菌(Girvanella)和球状肾形菌(Renalcis)。根据豫西寒武纪叠层石明暗纹层中微生物化石的赋存状态及相关化石证据,可以判断叠层石的钙化分为微生物的物理和化学2种作用方式,其中物理钙化有2种钙化途径,而化学钙化又有化学诱导和化学控制2种钙化模式和多种钙化途径。在扫描电镜下能够清晰地看到各种钙化方式的结果和微生物主动营造作用所留下的证据,即磨圆度较低的颗粒物和深色灰泥等。结果表明叠层石的有机成因和水动力条件对其钙化方式具有重要影响。 相似文献
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扬子地台前寒武纪－寒武纪界线地层的微体植物化石群 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8
前寒武纪一寒武纪界线地层在扬子地台发育良好、分布广泛,并有包括微体植物群、海藻、瓶形原生物、具硬体动物及‘澄江动物群’等化石的发现。因而,扬子地台成为研究前寒武纪－寒武纪界线生物地层的代表地区之一。基于对扬子地台前寒武纪－寒武纪界线地层已知微体植物化石记录的回顾和论定,总结概括了下寒武统微体植物化石组合：寒武系最底部硅质磷块岩中的Ｍｉｃｒｈｙｓｔｒｉｄｉｕｍ－Ｐａｒａｃｙｍａｔｉｏｓｐｈａｅｒａ－Ｍｅｇａｔｈｒｉｘ组合和较高层位页岩的Ｓｋｉａｇｉａ－Ａｎｎｕｌｕｍ－Ａｒｃｈａｅｏｄｉｓｃｉｎａ组合。它们分别与Ａｎａｂａｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｃｉｒｃｏｔｈｅｃａ－Ｐｒｏｔｏｈｅｒｔｚｉｎａ小壳动物化石带和Ｐａｒａｂａｄｉｅｌｌａ及Ｅｏｒｅｄｌｉｃｈｉａ三叶虫带相对应。与东欧地台疑源类生物地层相对照,扬子地台Ｍｉｃｒｈｙｓｔｒｉｄｉｕｍ－Ｐａｒａｃｙｍａｔｉｏｓｐｈａｅｒａ－Ｍｅｇａｔｈｒｉｘ组合的纵向分布大体和东欧地台Ａｓｔｅｒｉｄｉｕｍｔｏｒｎａｔｕｍ－Ｃｏｍａｓｐｈａｅｒｉｄｉｕｍｖｅｌｖｅｔｕｍ组合带相一致,而以上两地台的化石组合产出层位可能都略高于纽芬兰东部剖面,依据Ｐｈｙｃｏｄｅｓｐｅｄｕｍ所厘定的寒武系底界? 相似文献
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澄江生物群分子在贵州遵义牛蹄塘组发现 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
澄江生物群是认识寒武纪生命大爆发的重要窗口,它的分布范围一直仅限于滇东地区,员近在贵州遵义松林牛蹄塘组底部页岩中发现有Naronia,Archotuba Conoidalis,Isaxys,Perpicaris,Lingulepis,Tsunyidiscus,Scenella,水母状化石(medusiform fossil),海绵动物化石Leptomitus,类似半索动物秆壁虫Rhabdopleura化石,软舌螺类Hyolithids,宏观藻类和疑源类化石Zunyiphyton perelegans Yang et Zhao,1999,Yuknessia sp.,Longenema Ding,1996,Sphaerocongregus variabilis等。其中有一部分是属于澄江生物群分子,这是云南省外澄江生物群分子的新发现。由于生物群之下40m处还产大量海绵动物、高肌虫和藻类化石等组成的松林生物群,其上又有下寒武统明心寺组古杯动物群,因此,这一生物群的发现对研究早寒武世生物的演化也具有一定的科学意义,同时,对澄江生物群的古生态学研究也具有重要意义。 相似文献
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A depositional model for offshore deposits of the lower Blue Gate Member,Mancos Shale,Uinta Basin,Utah, USA 
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下载免费PDF全文 Lauren P. Birgenheier Brendan Horton Andrew D. McCauley Cari L. Johnson Angela Kennedy 《Sedimentology》2017,64(5):1402-1438
Depositional models that use heterogeneity in mud‐dominated successions to distinguish and diagnose environments within the offshore realm are still in their infancy, despite significant recent advances in understanding the complex and dynamic processes of mud deposition. Six cored intervals of the main body of the Mancos Shale, the lower Blue Gate Member, Uinta Basin, were examined sedimentologically, stratigraphically and geochemically in order to evaluate facies heterogeneity and depositional mechanisms. Unique sedimentological and geochemical features are used to identify three offshore environments of deposition: the prodelta, the mudbelt and the sediment‐starved shelf. Prodelta deposits consist of interlaminated siltstone and sandstone and exhibit variable and stressed trace fossil assemblages, and indicators of high sedimentation rates. The prodelta was dominated by river‐fed hyperpycnal flow. Mudbelt deposits consist of interlaminated siltstone and sandstone and are characterized by higher bioturbation indices and more diverse trace fossil assemblages. Ripples, scours, truncations and normally graded laminations are abundant in prodelta and mudbelt deposits indicating dynamic current conditions. Mudbelt sediment dispersal was achieved by both combined flow above storm wave base and current‐enhanced and wave‐enhanced sediment gravity flows below storm wave base. Sediment‐starved shelf deposits are dominantly siltstone to claystone with the highest calcite and organic content. Bioturbation is limited to absent. Sediment‐starved shelf deposits were the result of a combination of shelfal currents and hypopycnal settling of sediment. Despite representing the smallest volume, sediment‐starved shelf deposits are the most prospective for shale hydrocarbon resource development, due to elevated organic and carbonate content. Sediment‐starved shelf deposits are found in either retrogradational to aggradational parasequence sets or early distal aggradational to progradational parasequence sets, bounding the maximum flooding surface. An improved framework classification of offshore mudstone depositional processes based on diagnostic sedimentary criteria advances our predictive ability in complex and dynamic mud‐dominated environments and informs resource prospectivity. 相似文献
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陆源碎屑和碳酸盐岩的混合沉积现象分布广泛,但由于混合沉积的研究起步较晚,且受不同沉积条件的制约,研究相对薄弱。贺兰山地区早古生代发育了陆源碎屑岩和海相碳酸盐岩的混合沉积建造,目前国内外学者对贺兰山地区的混合沉积现象的研究至今没有涉及。研究区早古生代混合沉积狭义上表现为混积岩,主要类型包括:泥质灰岩、含泥灰岩、灰质砾岩、灰质粉砂岩;广义上表现为混积层系,主要类型包括:陆源碎屑岩-碳酸盐岩、混积岩-陆源碎屑岩、混积岩-碳酸盐岩。本文从沉积相变关系、区域地层间接触关系、残余地层展布、物源分析等方面对研究区下古生界混合沉积特征进行了较为深入的探讨,研究区寒武纪和奥陶纪表现出了截然不同的混合沉积样式:寒武纪为"拼贴式"混合沉积,而奥陶纪为渐变式混合沉积。板块运动、全球海平面变化、陆源碎屑物质的供给等因素共同控制了研究区早古生代混合沉积的形成。从研究区早古生代不同时期特有的沉积样式人手,分析了研究区早古生代盆地类型及演化。研究区早古生代经历了寒武纪大洋和克拉通盆地共存-早奥陶世的局限克拉通盆地-中、晚奥陶世的前陆盆地雏形这样一个演化过程。 相似文献
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The Precambrian–Cambrian boundary is iconic, marking the first appearance of shelly fauna in the fossil record, and opening the Phanerozoic Eon. In England and Wales, the transition from predominantly Precambrian igneous rocks to Cambrian sedimentary strata is generally unconformable. An exceptional exposure of this transition can be observed in the Ercall Quarries in Shropshire, a classic locality in all senses of the word. 相似文献
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到目前为止本省内早寒武世尚未发现有梅树村期和筇竹寺期沉积,仅有沧浪铺期和龙王庙期沉积存在。在济源—博爱—武陟一线以南地区有沧浪铺阶辛集组、朱砂洞组和龙王庙阶馒头组。该线以北只有龙王庙阶辛集组和馒头组。辛集组是个受特定环境控制的穿时地层单元。早寒武世沧浪铺早—中期(辛集组)沉积环境是潮下浅水陆棚和滨岸潮下带、滨岸潮坪潮间带。沧浪铺中—晚期(朱砂洞组)沉积环境是滨岸碳酸盐潮坪缓坡—潮间—潮上蒸发坪和潮间蒸发岩洼地以及潮下碳酸盐浅水缓坡。龙王庙期(馒头组)沉积环境是滨岸碳酸盐岩潮坪缓坡和潮下碳酸盐岩浅水缓坡。早寒武世痕迹化石主要产于三个层位,可分为H-T组合和L-B组合。前者为潮下浅水陆棚风暴环境痕迹组合,后者为潮间—潮上低能泥坪环境痕迹组合。早寒武世痕迹化石共11属(1新属)、16种(1新种、1相似种、10未定种)。 相似文献
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贵州台江中寒武世凯里组中分枝状宏观藻类化石 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
本文描述了贵州中寒武世凯里组中的分枝状宏观藻类化石5属7种，即：Marpolia spissa Walcott,Marpolia aequalis Walcott,Guizhouella ramulosa Yang(gen.et sp.nov.),Doushantuophyton lineare Chen,Thamnophton formosus Yang(gen.et sp.nov.),Eoulothrix fibrillata Ding,Eoulothrix flabellophyton Yang(sp.mov.)。根据大量的藻类与凯里生物群共生特征，从藻类的生态及生物群分布受到沉积韵律控制等特征分析，认为凯里生物群生活环境的水深应该在30－60m，而埋藏和保存环境的水深是150m左右。另外，将凯里生物群中的宏观藻类化石与震旦纪陡山沱期的藻类化石进行了比较，两者在以分枝状藻类占主要组成上是相似的，从这一方面来说，晚震旦世宏观藻类与寒武纪宏观藻类没有大的演变，但寒武纪宏观藻类以出现钙质珊瑚藻类、分枝更加复杂的类型和具有锯齿状叶状体、生殖托构造的藻类为特征。 相似文献
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As an extinct group, the origin, diversification and relationships of Cambrian lobopods have long been one of the most hotly-debated subjects. Lobopods used to be regarded as closely related to modern onychophorans and tardigrades, but the similarities are based on the few species of Cambrian lobopods and often on a fairly general level. With the discovery of new creatures and based on new observations on fossil lobopods, we consider that Cambrian lobopods show great diversity and reveal a close relationship between Cambrian lobopods and arthropods. In addition, comparison between the dorsal spines of Cambrian lobopods and small shelly fossils suggest that Cambrian lobopods might have originated from the Meishucun radiation and diversified in the Qiongzhusi radiation. 相似文献
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A New Arthropod, Guangweicaris Luo, Fu et Hu gen. nov. from the Early Cambrian Guanshan Fauna, Kunming, China 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 LUO Huilin FU Xiaoping HU Shixue LI Yong HOU Shuguang YOU Ting PANG Jiyuan LIU Qi 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(1):1-7
The Guanshan Fauna is a soft-bodied fauna dominated by arthropods （including trilobites, trilobitoides, Tuzoia, Isoxys, and bradorids） in association with priapulids, brachiopods, anomalocaridids, vetulicoliids, sponges, chancellorids, and echinoderms. This paper reports and describes a new arthropod from the yellowish green mudstone at the lower part of the Wulongqing Formation, Canglangpuan Stage, Lower Cambrian in Kunming, Yunnan, China. The stratigraphic and geographic distribution, classification, fossil preservation, life style of this new arthropod and comparisons with other fossil arthropods are also discussed in details. The discovery and research of the non-mineralized arthropod, Guangweicaris Luo, Fu et Hu gen. nov. from the Guanshan Fauna adds new members to the taxonomic list and provides new information to the evolution of early arthropods. Furthermore, this study would shed new light into the ＂Cambrian Explosion＂ and the evolution of early life. 相似文献
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笔者在保山地块采获大量古生物化石,首次发现施甸地区缺失早奥陶世沉积,并发现施甸地区的奥陶系与寒武系之间均为平行不整合接触。通过对下奥陶统缺失区的追索与调查,初步圈定出早奥陶世施甸隆起范围,该隆起区大致与施甸地区的晚寒武世碳酸盐台地重叠,其形成过程受寒武纪末期地壳抬升与海平面下降的双重因素控制,以晚寒武世碳酸盐台地的剧烈隆升起主导作用。施甸隆起概念的提出及其范围的圈定,对深化保山地块早古生代的构造演化研究具有重大意义。 相似文献
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辽宁金县寒武纪早期生物矿化迹象 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
从地质背景、沉积环境模式、矿化部位的宏观特征、显微特征研究,扫描电镜描述、电子探针分析和X-光衍射分析等数据,总结了生物矿化及其演化过程。 相似文献