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珠江口伶仃洋航道的回淤分析 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
通过实测资料的统计分析，结合珠江口伶仃洋的动力地貌条件，对该航道的泥沙回淤特征进行了多方面的论证，得出回淤主要发生在航道开挖段北部，洪季淤积占全年2／3以及航道增深后回淤并未成比例增加等研究结果，指出了该航道进一步开发的前景。 相似文献
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利用粒子追踪、中子活化示踪砂技术以及赵冲久和Yalin等相关公式对黄骅港抛泥区泥沙运移规律进行了研究,并在此基础上分析了抛泥区对黄骅港航道淤积的影响。结果表明,在正常天气下,抛泥区的泥沙运移主要受潮流控制;在大风条件下,泥沙运移则受到波浪、潮流、风生流等多种因素的影响;抛泥区泥沙几乎不会对航道淤积产生直接影响,其对航道淤积的影响是间接和有限的。 相似文献
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研究了茅家港环抱式突堤航道防护工程对茅家港犀段的海犀水动力和海犀地貌的影响,分析了该岸段海犀水动力变化和海岸地貌演变的原因,结果表明,堤内和东堤外侧的水动力变弱,滩面淤积;西堤外侧的水动力变强,滩面冲蚀;口门处的水动力增强,航道位置稳定且冲蚀加深;口门以外的水动力未变化,航道不稳定． 相似文献
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使用SP2100波潮仪和ADCP海流计等多种先进仪器在台风季节进行了波浪、海流和潮汐观测,在取得大量现场观测子料基础上,结合长期的岸站资料对该海域的水文特征及水动力特征进行了系统综合分析。通过2002年对日照港深水航道海域含沙量和水深测量等成果,进行断面输沙、航道冲淤量及航道海域泥沙数值模拟等方面的计算,并采用POM模式。选择了几种有代表性的风浪情况,分别对港口附近海域进行了“波浪掀沙、潮流输沙和海底演变”的数值模拟。通过上述方法,对1998年12月竣工的-11m水深的航道的淤积状况进行了探讨,并推荐方案1为深水航道的首选方案,方案5居次。 相似文献
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镇海湾航道是广东台山市重要的水上进出口通道,现阶段已不能满足通航需求。开发镇海湾航道对减轻珠三角航道压力以及促进当地经济增长具有重要意义,其中合理的航道选线是航道成功开发与维护的关键。本文采用DELFT 3D二维波流耦合模型对镇海湾3条备选航道进行比选,并对工程前、后镇海湾水动力以及海底冲淤状况进行了对比研究。研究表明:现状条件下,寨门口段的泥沙为向海输运,而在那扶河内泥沙以向陆输运为主;镇海湾内漭州岛北侧,泥沙以向陆输运为主,而在漭州岛西侧,泥沙输运以向海为主。航道开挖后,那扶河内的泥沙回淤量较小,海底以冲刷为主。而在镇海湾内,各个方案的航道在开挖后均出现明显的淤积。位于漭洲岛西侧的西线方案为可能最佳方案,拟选航线与水流顺直,回淤量相对最小。 相似文献
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New methods are proposed for predicting the hindered settling conditions encountered by concentrated suspensions containing mixtures of sand particles and mud flocs. These methods, based on two-fraction formulations, are developed by consideration of the settling characteristics of monodisperse and polydisperse solid particle suspensions applied to cohesive/non-cohesive mixtures of mud flocs and sand particles. The behaviour of these predictive methods is evaluated over a wide range of mixture conditions and compared with existing formulations, with their parametric dependence on the relative volumetric concentrations and floc/particle sizes for the mud and sand constituents established. The results indicate that consideration of the full return flow effects generated by both fractions provides the best modelling framework for predicting the hindered settling conditions over a wide range of sand–mud mixtures. 相似文献
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C. Hans Nelson Andres Maldonado Francis Coumes Henri Got Andre Manaco 《Geo-Marine Letters》1983,3(2-4):125-131
The Ebro Fan System consists of en echelon channel-levee complexes, 50×20 km in area and 200-m thick. A few strong reflectors in a generally transparent seismic facies identify the sand-rich channel floors and levee crests. Numerous continuous acoustic reflectors characterize overbank turbidites and hemipelagites that blanket abandoned channel-levee complexes. The interlobe areas between channel complexes fill with homogeneous mud and sand from mass flow and overbank deposition; these exhibit a transparent seismic character. The steep continental rise and sediment “drainage” of Valencia Trough at the end of the channel-levee complexes prevent the development of distributary channels and midfan lobe deposits. 相似文献
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Chun-Ming Lin Yan-Li Li Hong-Chun Zhuo George W. Shurr Jennie L. Ridgley Zhi-Ping Zhang Tao Xue 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2010,27(4):909-922
Late Quaternary shallow biogenic gas reservoirs have been discovered and exploited in the Qiantang River (QR) estuary area, eastern China. The fall of global sea level during the Last Glacial Maximum resulted in the formation of the QR incised valley. From bottom to top, the incised valley successions can be grouped into four sedimentary facies: river channel facies, floodplain–estuarine facies, estuarine-shallow marine facies, and estuarine sand bar facies.All commercial biogenic gas pools occur in floodplain–estuarine sand bodies of the QR incised valley and its branches. The deeply incised valleys provided favorable conditions for the generation and accumulation of shallow biogenic gas.The clay beds that serve as the direct cap beds of the gas pools are mostly restricted within the QR incised valley, with burial depths ranging from 30 to 80 m, remnant thicknesses of 10–30 m, and porosities of 42.2–62.6%. In contrast, the mud beds cover the whole incised valley and occur as indirect cap beds, with burial depths varying from 5 to 35 m, thicknesses of 10–20 m, and porosities of 50.6–53.9%. The pore-water pressures of clay and mud beds are higher than that of sand bodies, and the difference can be as much as 0.48 MPa. The pore-water pressures of clay or mud beds can exceed the total pore-water pressure and gas pressure of underlying sand reservoirs. Shallow biogenic gas can be completely sealed by the clay and mud beds, which have higher pore-water pressure. The direct cap beds have better sealing ability than the indirect cap beds.Generally, the pore-water pressure dissipation time of clay and mud beds is conspicuously longer than that of sand beds. This indicates that the clay and mud beds have worse permeability and better sealing ability than the sand beds. However, once the gas enters the sand lenses, the pore-water pressure cannot release efficiently. 相似文献
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《中国海洋工程》2020,(3)
In order to clarify the distribution and variation of silt and fluid mud in the Waiganmen shallow section of the 50000-ton intake channel of the Xiangshan Port, and to understand the influence of the channel excavation on the surrounding flow conditions and the strength of the backsilting, especially the impact of typhoon on the sudden silting of the channel, so as to demonstrate the feasibility and stability of the channel excavation. The fluid mud,hydraulic, sediment and topographic measurements were carried out in the study area, and the thickness of the fluid mud layers, tidal current, sediment and topographic data were obtained. Dual-frequency sounder, gamma-ray densitometer and SILAS navigational fluid mud measurement system were used to monitor the fluid mud, and the results were compared and verified. The adaptability and accuracy of the three methods were analyzed. The SILAS navigational continuous density measurement system and gamma-ray fixed-point fluid mud measurement are used to detect the density, thickness and variation of the fluid mud accurately. Based on the hydrological observation data,the process of erosion and deposition in excavation channel and its influence mechanism are analyzed, and the distribution characteristics and evolution law of siltation in engineering area are given in the form of empirical formula. The research shows that the super typhoon can produce large siltation, which results in sudden siltation of the channel. The tidal current is the main dynamic factor of the change of erosion and siltation of the excavation trench. Under the influence of reciprocating tidal current and excavation topography, the trial excavation trench is silted on the whole. There is fluid mud in the monitoring area of the trench, and the distribution of fluid mud is different in space. The thickness of the fluid mud at the bottom of the trench is generally larger than that outside the trench and the slope of the trench, and the siltation of the trench tends to be slow. The research results can provide scientific evaluation for channel excavation and maintenance, and support for the implementation of the project. 相似文献
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东海陆架中北部沉积物粒度特征及其沉积环境 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
通过对东海陆架表层沉积物粒级组成、粒度参数、14C年龄和微体古生物组合的综合分析,绘制了东海陆架的沉积物类型分布图;运用Folk等(1970)沉积物分类方法将东海表层沉积物分成砂、粉砂、粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂、砂质泥5种类型,其中粉砂质砂分布最广,砂质泥分布最少;沉积物由陆向海粒度变粗,反映沉积过程中的物源和沉积动力控制作用。根据沉积环境及成因分析,可将东海陆架沉积分为3类:分别是长江口外席状砂沉积区、现代泥质沉积区和陆架中部砂质沉积区。长江口外砂质沉积是全新世冰消期晚期潮流作用及风暴潮流共同作用的产物,是高海平面以来太平洋潮波系统作用下的潮流沙沉积,沙波地貌仍在发生变化。现代泥质沉积区包括长江前三角洲沉积、浙闽沿岸流沉积和济州岛西南泥质沉积三个区域,不同沉积区的成因机制不同。陆架中部砂质沉积是末次冰盛期之后海侵作用下发育的砂质沉积物,在海侵的不同阶段中沉积物被冲刷改造,具有不等时性特征,沉积环境与现代陆架海洋环流的动力特征不一致,现代沉积作用较弱,仅接受悬浮体细粒沉积。 相似文献
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Anomalous morphological features within large estuaries may be: (1) recorders of external forces that periodically overwhelm the normal morphodynamic responses to estuarine energy fluxes, and (2) possible predictors of cycles of future coastal change. At the entrance to Willapa Bay, Washington, chronic beach erosion and frequent coastal flooding are related to the historical northward channel migration that destroyed the protective sand spits of Cape Shoalwater. Northward channel migration since the late 1800s conforms to the long-term net sediment transport direction. What requires explanation is periodic southward relocation of the trunk channel by as much as 5 km, and attendant construction of moderately large sand spits on the north side of the bay such as Kindred Island, Tokeland Peninsula, and Cape Shoalwater.Both autocyclic and allocyclic processes may have been responsible for trunk channel realignment and associated spit deposition. Channel recycling may occur when the main channel becomes overextended to the north and the tidal flow is inefficient because of its decreased gradient and increased susceptibility to shoaling by the growth and migration of tidal sand ridges. Under those conditions trunk channel relocation would be facilitated by increased wave heights and water levels of El Niño winter storms. However, co-seismic subsidence is the most likely mechanism for abruptly increasing sand supply and longshore transport that would favor discrete periods of channel relocation and spit deposition. Unless external forcing changes sand supply and predominant sediment transport directions in the future, the relative rise in sea level, frequent winter storms, and local deficit in the sand budget assure that beach erosion will continue at the mouth of this large estuary. 相似文献
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C. Hans Nelson Andres Maldonado Francis Coumes Henri Got Andre Manaco 《Geo-Marine Letters》1984,3(2-4):125-131
The Ebro Fan System consists of en echelon channel-levee complexes, 50×20 km in area and 200-m thick. A few strong reflectors
in a generally transparent seismic facies identify the sand-rich channel floors and levee crests. Numerous continuous acoustic
reflectors characterize overbank turbidites and hemipelagites that blanket abandoned channel-levee complexes. The interlobe
areas between channel complexes fill with homogeneous mud and sand from mass flow and overbank deposition; these exhibit a
transparent seismic character. The steep continental rise and sediment “drainage” of Valencia Trough at the end of the channel-levee
complexes prevent the development of distributary channels and midfan lobe deposits.
Margin setting represents fan and/or source area 相似文献
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Facies, internal structures and sequences of modern Gironde-derived muds on the Aquitaine inner shelf, France 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Seventy cores from the Aquitaine continental shelf were examined using radiographic and grain-size techniques in order to describe the sedimentary structures of the muddy deposits, and to evaluate their depositional processes. Four lithofacies are identified in this fine-grained deposit: (a) homogeneous silty sand, (b) interbedded homogeneous mud and sand, (c) silty-clayey mud, and (d) mottled mud. They show a logical pattern in relationship to the water depth and the distance from the coast.
Primary structures are present particularly in the landward and central portion of the mud fields, where the sediment is organized into sequences with a sharp-based erosional contact, overlain by a fining-up succession (centimetre to decimetre scale). The beginning of each of these is characteristic of a high-energy storm event, which is common on this shelf. The settling of suspended fine sediment corresponds to the flood estuarine discharge during quiet periods. Primary sedimentary structures decrease in the distal area where the muddy sediment is frequently reworked by infauna. Finally, primary structures and their preservation depend on the relative magnitudes of surface waves, storms, infaunal mixing and fluvial sediment deposition rates (i.e. floods). 相似文献