共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 562 毫秒
1.
《古地理学报》2016,(6)
渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷缓坡带新近系是以陆相河流沉积为主的地层,从层序地层学的角度寻找该类沉积中特征的岩性—地层油气藏是当前关注的焦点。以黄骅坳陷新近系明化镇组、馆陶组为研究对象,充分利用已有的岩心、钻井和地震资料,在层序界面识别基础上,建立了研究区高分辨率层序地层格架,划分出1个超长期旋回层序、7个长期旋回层序和若干中短期基准面旋回层序。馆陶组发育多断缓坡型层序地层模式,层序结构为仅保留基准面上升半旋回的非对称型,沉积充填以切割叠置的辫状河砂体为主;明化镇组发育稳定缓坡型层序地层模式,层序结构为上升半旋回大于下降半旋回的不完全对称型,沉积充填为泥包砂的曲流河沉积。层序发育早期的多断坡折带内侧辫状河复合砂体是研究区新近系最有利的储集砂体。 相似文献
2.
海拉尔盆地呼和湖凹陷南屯组层序地层与沉积体系分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以层序地层学理论为指导,充分利用岩心、测井、地震等资料,依据层序界面反射特征,建立了海拉尔盆地呼和湖凹陷南屯组层序地层格架,将南屯组划分为两个三级层序:层序Sq1相当于南屯组一段,层序Sq2相当于南屯组二段。每个层序发育完整,分别由低水位体系域、水进体系域和高水位体系域组成。针对研究区目的层段所划分层序发育的特点,在层序地层单元划分和对比基础上,对层序格架内的沉积相类型和沉积体系分布规律进行了研究,确定研究区主要发育扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、湖底扇、湖泊等沉积体系。Sq1层序在凹陷北部发育辫状河三角洲沉积体系, 而在南部发育扇三角洲沉积体系。Sq2层序缓坡带发育辫状河三角洲沉积体系,陡坡带发育扇三角洲沉积体系,湖盆周围发育沼泽相。综合分析各层序沉积特征及演化规律,指出了呼和湖凹陷南部沉积砂体为较有利的勘探区域。 相似文献
3.
渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷缓坡带新近系是以陆相河流沉积为主的地层,从层序地层学的角度寻找该类沉积中特征的岩性—地层油气藏是当前关注的焦点。以黄骅坳陷新近系明化镇组、馆陶组为研究对象,充分利用已有的岩心、钻井和地震资料,在层序界面识别基础上,建立了研究区高分辨率层序地层格架,划分出1个超长期旋回层序、7个长期旋回层序和若干中短期基准面旋回层序。馆陶组发育多断缓坡型层序地层模式,层序结构为仅保留基准面上升半旋回的非对称型,沉积充填以切割叠置的辫状河砂体为主;明化镇组发育稳定缓坡型层序地层模式,层序结构为上升半旋回大于下降半旋回的不完全对称型,沉积充填为泥包砂的曲流河沉积。层序发育早期的多断坡折带内侧辫状河复合砂体是研究区新近系最有利的储集砂体。 相似文献
4.
为了更为精细地刻画出川西坳陷中段中侏罗统上沙溪庙组的古地理和砂体展布特征,笔者以高分辨率层序地层学理论为指导,建立了研究区上沙溪庙组高分辨率层序地层学划分方案,并进行了高分辨率层序地层格架的搭建。在此基础上以中期旋回层序为编图单元,进行了系统的古地理和砂体展布特征研究。发现川西坳陷中段中侏罗统上沙溪庙组可以划分为1个长期和4个中期(M1,M2,M3,M4)沉积期。M1和M2沉积期,研究区以发育曲流河三角洲—湖泊沉积体系为特征;M3和M4沉积期,研究区转变为以发育冲积扇—冲积平原—辫状河三角洲—湖泊沉积体系为特征,砂体的展布主要分布于两个地区:大邑—温江地区和中江地区,前者砂体主要发育于M1,M3,M4 3个中期旋回,后者砂体主要发育于M1,M2,M3 3个中期旋回。 相似文献
5.
海拉尔盆地呼和湖凹陷白垩系层序地层特征及沉积演化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以层序地层学理论为指导,通过对全凹陷范围内的地震、钻井、测井、岩心以及古生物等资料的综合研究,建立了呼和湖凹陷白垩系层序地层格架。将呼和湖凹陷白垩系划分为3个一级层序(TSq1-TSq3)、5个二级层序(Ⅰ-Ⅴ)、8个三级层序(Sq1-Sq8);并在层序格架内进行沉积相划分和沉积体系研究,确定该区主要发育冲积扇、扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、湖底扇和湖泊沉积等沉积体系。其中冲积扇沉积体系主要分布在早期Sq1层序中;扇三角洲沉积体系主要分布在Sq2层序的南部和Sq5层序的北部;而辫状河三角洲沉积体系在Sq3、Sq4层序中尤其发育,并在Sq2层序的北部也有所发育;湖底扇沉积体系主要发育在Sq2、Sq3和Sq4层序的洼陷带;湖泊沉积体系主要发育在各层序的洼陷带。沉积体系在平面与纵向上的演化受古构造与古地貌的控制,呼和湖凹陷南部沉积砂体为较有利的勘探区域。 相似文献
6.
准噶尔盆地东部地区八道湾组层序地层及油气勘探有利区带预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用层序地层学与沉积学的原理和方法,建立滴水泉地区侏罗系八道湾组层序地层格架,划分沉积相,在此基础上分析层序充填及沉积演化特征,预测研究区岩性油气藏的类型及分布。研究结果表明:八道湾组为“一个半”层序,包括5个体系域。整体经历了一个先退积、后进积、再退积的过程。研究区发育辫状河、辫状河三角洲和湖泊3种沉积相类型、5种沉积亚相类型和10种沉积微相类型。JSQ1层序低位体系域以辫状河沉积为主,湖侵体系域主要发育滨浅湖沉积,高位体系域以辫状河三角洲沉积为主;JSQ2层序低位体系域主要发育辫状河三角洲沉积,而湖侵体系域以滨浅湖沉积为主。滴水泉地区八道湾组发育的有利储集砂体是辫状河和辫状河三角洲砂体,主要发育于低位和高位体系域。研究区八道湾组沟谷型古地貌可与JSQ1低位体系域广泛分布的辫状河道砂体组合形成地层-岩性圈闭,是研究区最有利的勘探目标。 相似文献
7.
为揭示准噶尔盆地东缘中侏罗统头屯河组(J2t)层序地层特征及其沉积充填规律,结合露头、岩心及测井资料并运用高分辨率层序地层理论,对研究区头屯河组层序地层进行划分对比,对其沉积相展布特征和沉积环境演化规律进行研究。结果表明:头屯河组可划分出个1个Ⅲ级旋回、3个Ⅳ级旋回及9个Ⅴ级旋回,沉积物岩性以砂砾岩和泥岩为主,沉积环境主要为辫状河、辫状河三角洲和滨浅湖,发育向上"变深"对称型和非对称型的两种结构类型。头屯河组沉积时期湖泊较浅,沉积基底平缓,湖泊边缘坡度小,在头屯河组下段(J2t1)时期到头屯河组上段(J2t2)段时期经历了湖侵演变过程。结合研究区的层序地层和沉积相展布特征,认为研究区中侏罗统头屯河组具有辫状河、辫状河三角洲及湖泊3种沉积环境相结合的沉积演化模式。 相似文献
8.
运用高分辨率层序地层学原理和方法,通过对钻井和地震资料的综合分析,在二连盆地吉尔嘎朗图凹陷下白垩统中识别出1个超长期基准面旋回(二级层序)SSC1和5个长期基准面旋回(三级层序):LSC1,LSC2,LSC3,LSC4,LSC5,分析了各旋回的发育特征。识别出五种类型的沉积体系:滨浅湖近岸水下扇、较深水湖浊积扇、滨浅湖扇三角洲、滨浅湖辫状河三角洲和河流沉积体系,并在等时地层格架内分析了各基准面旋回的沉积体系构成和储层砂体的发育情况。综合分析生、诸、盖条件后认为,在垂向上,LSC3旋回为本区最有利的储集层段,在平面上,本区的油气勘探应主要寻找宝饶构造带辫状河三角洲前缘砂体,主要储层砂体类型为前缘分流水道砂和前缘席状砂。 相似文献
9.
南堡凹陷位于渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷北部，新近系馆陶组是该凹陷的重要勘探层段。馆陶组以辫状河沉积为主，中段发育曲流河沉积。其油气勘探的首要问题是优质储集砂体的精确对比及有利盖层分布预测。根据高分辨率层序地层学理论以及录井和测井资料，对馆陶组的层序地层样式、沉积特征和储盖组合进行了分析。研究结果表明，该地层具有两种短期旋回和四个中期旋回。在两种短期旋回中，一种是低可容纳空间的非对称旋回，另一种是高可容纳空间的对称旋回。四个中期旋回中，两个以上升半旋回为主体(MSC1、MSC2)，一个是对称旋回(MSC3)，一个以下降半旋回为主体(MSC4)。短、中期旋回均以非对称旋回为主。该地层的长期基准面具有缓慢上升而后快速下降的特点。从MSC1到MSC4旋回，沉积相呈现出冲积扇-辫状河→辫状河-曲流河→曲流河-辫状河相组合的演化过程。自北向南，各中期旋回的可容纳空间增大，沉积主体由砾质河道渐变为砂质河道。由于受基准面中期旋回格架控制，南堡凹陷馆陶组发育上、中、下三套储盖组合。上部储盖组合，因其储、盖层条件最好，应是馆陶组最重要的油气勘探层系。 相似文献
10.
依据岩芯、录井及测井等方面的资料,对海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷贝西地区南屯组内各级次基准面旋回的演化规律及高分辨率层序发育模式进行研究。研究结果表明:研究区南屯组发育有5类层序界面,共可划分为3个长期基准面旋回和12个中期基准面旋回,地层厚度受古地貌和基准面升降的双重控制,其中古地貌对于南屯组的厚度变化影响较大,形成了由"南厚-北薄"逐渐过渡为"北厚-南薄"的地层发育模式;以南一段下部LSC1为例分析了基准面升降对相序、相域及源储分布的控制作用,认为在LSC1沉积时期,基准面的变化共经历了早期的缓慢上升阶段和快速上升阶段、中期的缓慢上升至缓慢下降阶段以及末期的快速下降阶段,主要发育有扇三角洲、湖底扇和湖泊沉积体系。其中储集体主要发育在MSC1、MSC2和MSC5沉积时期内,类型为向上变深型非对称中期基准面旋回在上升早期所形成的厚层分流河道砂体,砂体物性较好、几何形态以多层式为主。MSC3沉积时期为最大湖泛期,深湖相泥岩广泛分布、为优质烃源岩层,源储上下紧邻、成藏条件优越,是有利的勘探层系。 相似文献
11.
南盘江坳陷二叠系划分为12个三级层序,平均每个层序延续时限为3Ma。进而将三级层序划分为4个Ⅰ型层序和8个Ⅱ型层序。三级层序虽然在不同地区发育完整性有所不同,但总体可以进行对比。三级层序构成两个超层序。超层序SS1沉积期,南盘江坳陷主要为台、盆相间古地理格局,具有狭窄的台地边缘一台地斜坡沉积。钦防地区为半深海环境。超层序SS2沉积末期,右江地区从台、盆相间格局演化到盆包台格局。上扬子古陆主体为开阔台地一局限台地,而靠近川滇古陆则变为陆相环境。 相似文献
12.
Landscape and sedimentary response to catastrophic debris avalanches, western Taranaki, New Zealand 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Catastrophic volcanic debris avalanches reshape volcanic edifices with up to half of pre-collapse cone volumes being removed. Deposition from this debris avalanche deposit often fills and inundates the surrounding landscape and may permanently change the distribution of drainage networks. On the weakly-incised Mt. Taranaki ring-plain, volcanic debris avalanche deposits typically form a large, wedge shape (in plan view), over all flat-lying fans. Following volcanic debris avalanches a period of intense re-sedimentation commonly begins on ring-plain areas, particularly in wet or temperate climates. This is exacerbated by large areas of denuded landscape, ongoing instability in the scarp/source region, damming of river/stream systems, and in some cases inherent instability of the volcanic debris avalanche deposits. In addition, on Mt. Taranaki, the collapse of a segment of the cone by volcanic debris avalanche often generates long periods of renewed volcanism, generating large volumes of juvenile tephra onto unstable and unvegetated slopes, or construction of new domes with associated rock falls and block-and-ash flows. The distal ring-plain impact from these post-debris avalanche conditions and processes is primarily accumulation of long run-out debris flow and hyperconcentrated flow deposits with a variety of lithologies and sedimentary character. Common to these post-debris avalanche units is evidence for high-water-content flows that are typically non-cohesive. Hence sedimentary variations in these units are high in lateral and longitudinal exposure in relation to local topography. The post-collapse deposits flank large-scale fans and hence similar lithological and chronological sequences can form on widely disparate sectors of the ring plain. These deposits on Mt. Taranaki provide a record of landscape response and ring-plain evolution in three stages that divide the currently identified Warea Formation: 1) the deposition of broad fans of material adjacent to the debris avalanche unit; 2) channel formation and erosion of Stage 1 deposits, primarily at the contact between debris avalanche deposits and the Stage 1 deposits and the refilling of these channels; and 3) the development of broad tabular sheet flows on top of the debris avalanche, leaving sediments between debris avalanche mounds. After a volcanic debris avalanche, these processes represent an ever changing and evolving hazard-scape with hazard maps needing to be regularly updated to take account of which stage the sedimentary system is in. 相似文献
13.
本文通过岩心、测井、录井资料,结合研究区古气候特征、岩性特征、古生物标志和沉积构造特征,提出江汉油田潜江凹陷新沟咀组属于盐湖盆地浅水湖泊三角洲沉积。在盐湖沉积背景下,新沟咀组沉积时期气候相对干旱,水体较浅,无深湖-半深湖沉积,且研究区地势平缓,倾角相对较小,在河流入湖处发育浅水三角洲沉积体系,并且发育三角洲平原、三角洲前缘和前三角洲泥三种沉积亚相。以沉积相平面分布图为基础,建立了新沟咀组浅水三角洲沉积模式。 相似文献
14.
冰筏沉积是负载沉积物的冰块进入海洋或湖泊中，冰块融化沉积物附落所形成的，它们可形成于高海拔具有明显气候垂直分带的低纬度地区或者是高纬度地区。我们在研究松辽盆地白垩纪古气候时，首次在泉头组层中发现冰筏沉积。根据泉头组孢粉组合的研究透明，它们除了具有热带－亚热植物的孢粉以外，还有少量喜冷分子混生现象。 相似文献
15.
VICTOR B. CHERVEN 《Sedimentology》1984,31(6):823-836
ABSTRACT The early Pleistocene Laguna and Turlock Lake Formations and China Hat and Arroyo Seco Gravels along the east side of the San Joaquin Valley, California, were deposited in alluvial fans and marginal lakes. Upward-coarsening sequences of silt-sand-gravel record westward progradation of glacial outwash fans from the Sierra Nevada into proglacial lakes in the San Joaquin Valley. Distinctive sedimentary features delineate lacustrine, prodelta, and delta-front facies within fan-margin deposits and lower, middle, and upper-fan facies within alluvial-fan deposits. The lacustrine facies consists of a few metres of thinly and evenly bedded, rhythmically laminated claystone and clayey siltstone in varved couplets. Draped lamination, sinusoidal lamination, and load and pillar structures occur in some beds. Siltstone and claystone grade upward to slightly thicker wavy beds of siltstone and very fine-grained unconsolidated sand deposited in a prodelta setting. Convolute laminae within deformed steeply dipping foreset beds suggest slumping on the prodelta slope. The prodelta facies grades up to the delta-front facies, which consists of burrowed and bioturbated cross-bedded fine sand. Deltaic deposits are 5–6 m thick. The lower-fan facies forms the base of the fan sequence and consists of several metres of irregularly bedded, laminated, oxidized siltstone and fine sand. The middle-fan facies consists of cross-bedded, medium-grained to gravelly sand-filled channels cut into the lower-fan facies. Interbedded lens-shaped siltstone beds 2 m thick and several metres across were deposited in abandoned channels. The upper-fan facies consists of moderately to strongly weathered clayey gravel and sand containing pebble imbrication and crude stratification. Argillization during post-depositional soil formation has blurred the distinction between mud-supported debris-flow deposits and clast-supported channel deposits, but both are present in this facies. The deposits described here demonstrate the need for additional fan models in order to incorporate the variety of deposits developed in alluvial fan sequences deposited in humid climates. In previous models based on arctic fans, debris flows, abandoned channels, or widespread siltstone beds are not present in fan sequences, nor are marginal lacustrine and deltaic deposits well represented. 相似文献
16.
本文论述了民和盆地朱家台组辫状河三角洲的主要沉积特征,及其与扇三角洲的异同点进行了重点讨论,对正确识别两类粗粒三角洲沉积,对盆地演化的研究及其储集性具有重要意义。 相似文献
17.
KELLY A. DILLIARD MICHAEL C. POPE MARIO CONIGLIO STEPHEN T. HASIOTIS BRUCE S. LIEBERMAN 《Sedimentology》2010,57(2):513-542
The lower part of the Early Cambrian Sekwi Formation in the Selwyn Basin of the Northwest Territories, Canada, is composed of two regional, unconformity‐bounded sequences, S0 and S1, which record the first widespread carbonate deposition during the initial Palaeozoic transgression onto the western margin of Laurentia. These Early Cambrian sequences are unique to the western North American Cordillera, representing the only record of primarily deep‐water deposition on a tectonically active, mixed carbonate–siliciclastic ramp during this period. More specifically, the geometry of the Sekwi ramp changed during deposition of S0 and S1, from a shallowly dipping homoclinal ramp during the S0 transgressive systems tract to a steeply dipping tectonically modified ramp during the early highstand systems tract of S0. The steeply dipping ramp profile of S0 was preserved into the early transgressive systems tract of S1. The Sekwi ramp returned to a gently sloping ramp during the late highstand systems tract of S1 and remained so throughout the remainder of Sekwi deposition. The evolving shape of the Sekwi ramp is attributed to syndepositional ‘down to the basin’ faulting during deposition of both S0 and S1 and is recorded by: (i) the westward thickening, irregular geometries of S0 and S1; (ii) geographical restriction of deep‐water facies (including sediment gravity flow deposits); (iii) the presence of large allochthonous blocks; and (iv) the clast composition of sediment gravity flow deposits. Sediment gravity flow deposits play an unusually important role in the sequence stratigraphic interpretation of the lower Sekwi Formation, as they delineate depositional packages, including the maximum flooding zone, the transitions between portions of systems tracts, and the inferred locations of syntectonic extensional faults. Syntectonic faults increased accommodation basinward of an extensive ooid‐shoal complex that developed along the Sekwi ramp crest, greatly influencing sequence geometry and initiating the downslope motion of sediment gravity flows. The syndepositional faulting probably was a continuation of extension that began during the latest Neoproterozoic rifting of western Laurentia. The composition of sediment gravity flow deposits track changing accommodation space on the lower Sekwi ramp and can be used to differentiate systems tracts that probably were related more to tectonism than eustasy. 相似文献
18.
开鲁盆地钱家店凹陷含铀岩系姚家组沉积环境及其富铀意义 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
利用10多口钻孔岩心、电测曲线和分析化验资料,对钱家店凹陷含铀岩系姚家组沉积环境及古气候进行了分析.姚家组为一套以中细粒为主的砂质辫状河沉积产物.含矿层主岩为岩屑长石砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩,粒度概率累积曲线以悬浮总体含量较高为特征的两段式.一个完整的垂向序列由含砾砂岩或中细砂岩向上变细为粉砂岩和少量泥岩组成的正韵律.碎屑组分含量变化和重矿物分析表明,沉积物源主要来自盆地西北部古隆起的酸性岩浆岩和变质岩.泥岩元素分析、孢粉分析及泥岩颜色等指示,姚家组沉积期古气候主要为亚热带干旱气候,在这一大的气候背景下有过程度较弱的短暂潮湿化事件发生.干旱-半干旱气候为层间氧化带的形成提供了有利的气候条件,周边古隆起或更远山地的酸性火山岩、古老结晶岩和变质岩为该区提供了丰富的铀源,广泛发育、物性较好的辫状河道砂体为铀矿化提供了良好的储渗空间. 相似文献
19.
侏罗纪时中天山地区沉积盆地由伊-昭盆地，尤尔都斯盆地及焉-库盆地构成，其内沉积了一套厚度巨大的冲积和湖泊成因的碎屑岩沉积体，可识别出6种相类型。18种亚相及44种微相，早侏罗世至中侏罗世西山窑期，气候潮湿，植物繁盛，沼泽密布，形成多层煤层；中侏罗世头屯河期开始，气候变为干燥，下侏罗统三工河组及西山窑组中，辫状河和辫状河三角洲沉积发育，其砂体为好的储集体，下侏罗统八道湾组深湖-半深湖相黑色页岩及煤层是好的生油岩。 相似文献
20.
The 600 m thick prograding sedimentary succession of Wagad ranging in age from Callovian to Early Kimmeridgian has been divided
into three formations namely, Washtawa, Kanthkot and Gamdau. Present study is confined to younger part of the Washtawa Formation
and early part of the Kanthkot Formation exposed around Kanthkot, Washtawa, Chitrod and Rapar. The depositional architecture
and sedimentation processes of these deposits have been studied applying sequence stratigraphic context.
Facies studies have led to identification of five upward stacking facies associations (A, B, C, D, and E) which reflect that
deposition was controlled by one single transgressive — regressive cycle. The transgressive deposit is characterized by fining
and thinning upward succession of facies consisting of two facies associations: (1) Association A: medium — to coarse-grained
calcareous sandstone — mudrocks alternations (2) Association B: fine-grained calcareous sandstone — mudrocks alternations.
The top of this association marks maximum flooding surface as identified by bioturbational fabrics and abundance of deep marine
fauna (ammonites). Association A is interpreted as high energy transgressive deposit deposited during relative sea level rise.
Whereas, facies association B indicates its deposition in low energy marine environment deposited during stand-still period
with low supply of sediments. Regressive sedimentary package has been divided into three facies associations consisting of:
(1) Association C: gypsiferous mudstone-siltstone/fine sandstone (2) Association D: laminated, medium-grained sandstone —
siltstone (3) Association E: well laminated (coarse and fine mode) sandstone interbedded with coarse grained sandstone with
trough cross stratification. Regressive succession of facies association C, D and E is interpreted as wave dominated shoreface,
foreshore to backshore and dune environment respectively.
Sequence stratigraphic concepts have been applied to subdivide these deposits into two genetic sequences: (i) the lower carbonate
dominated (25 m) transgressive deposits (TST) include facies association A and B and the upper thick (75m) regressive deposits
(HST) include facies association C, D and E. The two sequences are separated by maximum flooding surface (MFS) identified
by sudden shift in facies association from B to C. The transgressive facies association A and B represent the sediments deposited
during the syn-rift climax followed by regressive sediments comprising association C, D and E deposited during late syn-rift
stage. 相似文献