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1.
四颗脉冲星在327MHz频率上的观测 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本给出１９９６年１月２２日至２月１日，使用乌鲁木齐南山甚长基线站２５ｍ射电望远望在３２７ＭＨｚ频率上观测脉冲星的部分结果。给出四颗脉冲星的平均脉冲轮廓，脉冲强度和脉冲宽度等重要参数资料。 相似文献
2.
《中国天文和天体物理学报》1984,(1)
北京天文学会主办1983年8月2日一1983年8月8日.在北京大学举行报告题目报告人1.相对论性天体—55斗332.毫秒脉冲星PSR 1 93夕十2抖3.我国的高空科学气球及脉冲星观侧4.脉冲星辐射的几何研究5,强磁场下逆康普顿散射及在脉冲星中的应烤6.脉冲星光学辐射的逆康普顿散射机制夕.脉冲 相似文献
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本文用脉冲星光速圆柱附近磁能的衰减理论研究了毫秒脉冲星的演化。文中从理论上给出了脉冲星到达辐射截止线时的年龄和自转周期,及现在的辐射年龄和从现在辐射年龄到达辐射截止线所需的时间。并用此理论对7颗脉冲双星的演化作了数值计算。 相似文献
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《天文学报》2017,(3)
毫秒脉冲星具有很高的自转稳定性,利用脉冲星自转极其稳定的特性可以开展许多应用研究,如:脉冲星时间标准的建立、宇宙背景引力波的探测、X射线脉冲星导航应用等等.利用国际脉冲星计时阵(International Pulsar Timing Array,IPTA)中J0437-4715和J1713+0743 2颗源的实测数据开展脉冲星钟模型参数精度分析和脉冲到达时间(Time Of Arrival,TOA)预报精度研究.通过研究得知,目前脉冲星自转频率测量精度为10-15Hz,频率1阶导数测量精度为10~(-23)s~(-2),且自转参数测量精度随观测时间跨度每4–5 yr提高1个量级.另外,利用J0437-4715 10 yr观测数据建立的钟模型,其脉冲到达时间预报偏差4.8 yr之内可保持在1μs之内.因此,利用该脉冲星建立时间标准用于校准原子时,可以使原子时相对于地球时(Terrestrial Time,TT)的偏差在4.8 yr之内小于1μs. 相似文献
7.
关于脉冲星脉冲到达时间转换方程 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
较详细地介绍了脉冲星脉冲到达时间（TOA）转换方程,讨论了脉冲星TOA转换方程在航天器导航算法中的具体应用问题。同时,对导航用的脉冲星脉冲TOA转换方程与地面射电计时观测用的脉冲星脉冲TOA转换方程进行了比较研究。 相似文献
8.
本文用脉冲星光速圆柱附近磁能的衰减理论研究了毫秒脉冲星的演化。文中从理论了给出了脉冲星到达辐截止线时的年龄和自转周期，及现在的辐射年龄和从现在辐射年龄到达辐截止线所需的时间。并用此理论对７颗脉冲双星的演化作了数值计算。 相似文献
9.
《中国科学院上海天文台年刊》2016,(0)
VLBI观测比单天线观测拥有更高的角分辨率,在脉冲星观测,尤其是成图和定位研究中有着重要的作用。相关处理机在进行脉冲星信号处理时,首先必须知道脉冲信号到达时刻、脉冲星相位及脉冲宽度等脉冲轮廓信息。研究了利用脉冲信号自功率谱来绘制脉冲星轮廓图的算法,此算法只需对单站信号进行频谱分析就可确定脉冲位置和宽度,然后在VLBI软件相关处理机中完成脉冲信号的相关计算。实际的VLBI数据相关处理结果表明,用上述方法可准确获得脉冲星的轮廓。 相似文献
10.
毫秒脉冲星计时观测的研究进展 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
对毫秒脉冲星时间测量的理论、方法和技术研究的进展进行了阐述。根据近年来取得的观测研究结果,毫秒脉冲星计时测量误差～2×10－7秒,毫秒脉冲星自转周期稳定性足以和现代原子钟相媲美：其相对频率不稳定度达到1×10－14（1年≤γ≤5．2年）,并可望更高。近年来,脉冲星计时观测系统的接收灵敏度获得很大改进,计时观测的数据采集、处理技术、脉冲到达时间分析模型研究等都有长足发展。通过综合脉冲星时间算法得到的脉冲星时间尺度将比现代原子时具有更高的长期稳定度。叙述了脉冲星的物理特性及有关计时观测系统的技术成果,如观测频率和带宽的选择,消色散和接收系统灵敏度等问题。最后对毫秒脉冲星时间测量的误差源进行了讨论,并对脉冲星时间尺度的应用前景做了展望。 相似文献
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We present some interesting results from the mean pulse polarization observations of four southern pulsars made at the Australian National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Parkes, using the 64-m telescope in June and July, 1988. The 2 × 16 × 5 MHz filter system from Jodrell Bank has proved excellent in de-dispersing the pulse signals and measuring their polarization properties. We give the data for the four pulsars in some detail and discuss their spectral behaviour. 相似文献
12.
A. G. Lyne R. N. Manchester D. R. Lorimer M. Bailes N. D'Amico T. M. Tauris S. Johnston J. F. Bell & L. Nicastro 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,295(4):743-755
A survey of the entire southern sky for millisecond and low-luminosity pulsars using the ATNF Parkes radio telescope has now been completed. The survey detected 298 pulsars, of which 101 were previously unknown. The new pulsars include 17 millisecond pulsars. This is the largest sample of both normal and millisecond pulsars detected in any survey. Combining our sample with other recent surveys in the Northern Hemisphere, we present a statistical study of the populations of both normal and millisecond pulsars. We find that the improved statistics allow us to estimate the number and birth-rate of both types of pulsar down to a 400-MHz luminosity limit of 1 mJy kpc2 . The local surface densities of potentially observable normal pulsars and millisecond pulsars are both about 30 kpc−2 , corresponding to ∼ 30000 potentially observable pulsars of each type in the Galaxy. Once beaming effects are taken into consideration we estimate that the active population of normal pulsars is ∼ 160000. Although there is evidence for flattening of the luminosity function of normal pulsars, this is not evident for millisecond pulsars which probably have a substantial population with luminosities below 1 mJy kpc2 . After correcting for beaming effects, we estimate that a normal pulsar is born with a luminosity greater than 1 mJy kpc2 between once every 60 and 330 yr in the Galaxy. The birth-rate of millisecond pulsars is at least 3 × 10−6 yr−1 above the same luminosity limit. Modelling the observed transverse speeds of millisecond pulsars using a dynamical simulation, we find their mean birth velocity to be 130 ± 30 km s−1 , significantly lower than that of the normal pulsars. 相似文献
13.
《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》1981,5(2):147-151
Using the data of the 321 pulsars so far known the Galactic distribution and the luminosity function of pulsars have been investigated. The total number of pulsars in our Galaxy is found to be 9 × 104. If the mean age of pulsars is 1.8 × 106 years, the birth-rate of pulsars in the Galaxy will be one every 20 years. This rate is not in contradiction with the birth-rate of supernovae. 相似文献
14.
2009年11月,云南天文台射电天文研究团组采用40m射电望远镜以及基于DBBC（Digital Base Band Conveter）和Mark5B的VLBI记录系统对PSRJ08354510和PSRJ0332＋5434进行了观测。观测选用S波段右旋圆极化信号,起始频率为2206．99MHz,总带宽为32MHz。对数据进行相干消色散和平均后,得到PSRJ0332＋5434的单脉冲图像和两颗脉冲星的平均脉冲轮廓。由平均轮廓的展宽随时间的变化关系,对脉冲星的视周期作了一定修正后,得到信噪比更高的平均轮廓图。最后对轮廓的信噪比随时间的变化作了初步分析,由此可了解整个系统在观测时的稳定性。 相似文献
15.
本文讨论了光线的狭义相对论性偏折、光行时间差和磁场拖曳对脉冲到达相位的综合影响。在辐射束中的核、内锥以及外锥的辐射高度有差别时,观测得到的平均脉冲中的各个成份的位置也会发生改变,导致平均脉冲的不对称。分析了脉冲星ＰＳＲ１４５１６８ 和ＰＳＲＪ０４３７４７１５ 资料,发现它们的平均脉冲属于两种不同的不对称性。用相位综合漂移理论解释了这两种不对称性。 相似文献
16.
M. Toscano J. S. Sandhu M. Bailes R. N. Manchester M. C. Britton S. R. Kulkarni S. B. Anderson B. W. Stappers 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1999,307(4):925-933
We present improved timing parameters for 13 millisecond pulsars (MSPs), including nine new proper motion measurements. These new proper motions bring to 23 the number of MSPs with measured transverse velocities. In light of these new results we present and compare the kinematic properties of MSPs with those of ordinary pulsars. The mean transverse velocity of MSPs was found to be 85±13 km s−1 , a value consistent with most models for the origin and evolution of MSPs and approximately a factor of 4 lower than that of ordinary pulsars. We also find that, in contrast to young ordinary pulsars, the vast majority of which are moving away from the Galactic plane, almost half of the MSPs are moving towards the plane. This near-isotropy would be expected of a population that has reached dynamic equilibrium. Accurate measurements of MSP velocities have allowed us to correct their measured spin-down rates for Doppler acceleration effects, and thereby derive their intrinsic magnetic field strengths and characteristic ages. We find that close to half of our sample of MSPs have a characteristic age comparable to or greater than the age of the Galactic disc. 相似文献
17.
A statistical study of 233 pulsar proper motions 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
G. Hobbs D. R. Lorimer A. G. Lyne M. Kramer 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,360(3):974-992
We present and analyse a catalogue of 233 pulsars with proper motion measurements. The sample contains a wide variety of pulsars including recycled objects and those associated with globular clusters or supernova remnants. After taking the most precise proper motions for those pulsars for which multiple measurements are available, the majority of the proper motions (58 per cent) are derived from pulsar timing methods, 41 per cent using interferometers and the remaining 1 per cent using optical telescopes. Many of the one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) speeds (referring to speeds measured in one coordinate only and the magnitudes of the transverse velocities, respectively) derived from these measurements are somewhat lower than earlier estimates because of the use of the most recent electron density model in determining pulsar distances. The mean 1D speeds for the normal and recycled pulsars are 152(10) and 54(6) km s−1 , respectively. The corresponding mean 2D speeds are 246(22) and 87(13) km s−1 . PSRs B2011+38 and B2224+64 have the highest inferred 2D speeds of ∼1600 km s−1 . We study the mean speeds for different subsamples and find that, in general, they agree with previous results. Applying a novel deconvolution technique to the sample of 73 pulsars with characteristic ages less than 3 Myr, we find the mean three-dimensional (3D) pulsar birth velocity to be 400(40) km s−1 . The distribution of velocities is well described by a Maxwellian distribution with 1D rms σ= 265 km s−1 . There is no evidence for a bimodal velocity distribution. The proper motions for PSRs B1830−08 and B2334+61 are consistent with their proposed associations with the supernova remnants W41 and G114.3+0.3, respectively. 相似文献
18.
Peter L. Gonthier Sarah A. Story Brian D. Clow Alice K. Harding 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,309(1-4):245-251
We present results of our pulsar population synthesis of normal and millisecond pulsars in the Galactic plane. Over the past
several years, a program has been developed to simulate pulsar birth, evolution and emission using Monte Carlo techniques.
We have added to the program the capability to simulate millisecond pulsars, which are old, recycled pulsars with extremely
short periods. We model the spatial distribution of the simulated pulsars by assuming that they start with a random kick velocity
and then evolve through the Galactic potential. We use a polar cap/slot gap model for γ-ray emission from both millisecond and normal pulsars. From our studies of radio pulsars that have clearly identifiable core
and cone components, in which we fit the polarization sweep as well as the pulse profiles in order to constrain the viewing
geometry, we develop a model describing the ratio of radio core-to-cone peak fluxes. In this model, short period pulsars are
more cone-dominated than in our previous studies. We present the preliminary results of our recent study and the implications
for observing these pulsars with GLAST and AGILE.
相似文献
19.
We have attempted to devise a scheme by which it may be possible to identify pulsars which are likely to be γ-ray pulsars.
We apply this test to a representative population of pulsars and identify the likely candidates for γ emission. We also discuss
some individual cases including the Crab and Vela pulsars. 相似文献
20.
Selection effects are a major source of error in statistical studies of pulsar data since the observed sample is a biased
subset of the full galactic pulsar population. It is important to identify all selection effects and make a reasonable model
before attempting to determine pulsar properties. Here we discuss a hitherto neglected selection effect which is a function
of the periodP of the pulsar. We find that short-P pulsars are more difficult to detect, particularly if their dispersion measures are high. We also discuss a declination-dependent
selection effect in the II Molonglo Survey (II MS), and find some evidence for the existence of both selection effects in
the pulsar data from this survey. We discuss the implications of these additional selection effects for the recently proposed
‘injection’ of pulsars whereby pulsars seem to switch on only at longerP. Using the II MS data we calculate that the observability of pulsars withP between 0.0 s and 0.5 s is about 18 per cent less with the new selection effects than hitherto believed; the mean correction
is 6 per cent forP between 0.5 s and 1.0 s. We conclude that injection is not qualitatively affected by these corrections. 相似文献