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1.
主要通过宁国竹溪岭矿区地质矿产勘查测量生产实践,一是介绍了GPS静态定位布设矿区平面控制网的内容,二是介绍了RTK技术在工程点布设、勘探线剖面测量和地质工程点测量等应用情况进行分析。 相似文献
2.
黄土塬区地震勘探技术发展现状综述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黄土塬区的地震勘探技术长期以来一直被认为”世界级”难题,其主要原因有三：一是黄土塬区复杂的地貌条件,即沟、梁、塬、峁、坡、川并存;二是复杂的地表条件,即沟壑纵横施工困难;三是复杂的表浅层条件,即地震波难以激发且能量衰减严重等。在具体分析我国黄土塬区资源分布状况与勘探实践的基础上．对黄土塬区地震勘探数据采集与资料处理的一些技术难点进行了阐述,指出今后在黄土塬区开展地震勘探工作,应从粘弹介质、连续介质的角度．进行地震波激发与传播规律的研究,从地震正演模型和室内模拟的角度,进行黄土塬区的资料采集和处理方法研究,同时要注重引进新技术,加强储层物性横向变化的预测研究。 相似文献
3.
针对黄土塬区黄土层厚度大、潜水位深、地形复杂等特殊的地震地质条件,以鄂尔多斯盆地南部LA勘查区为例,通过采集技术分析试验,总结出适合黄土塬区煤田地震勘探采集技术的对策。首先,对LA勘查区地震地质条件进行分析;然后,在分析弯线施工技术参数的基础上进行采集参数试验分析,确定了激发井深、药量、井组合及井间距等采集参数。采用弯线地震勘探方法,通过试验在不同地形条件下采用不同的激发方式,可以克服黄土巨厚、沟谷陡峭、黄土干燥疏松等因素造成的激发、接收困难,取得了较好的地震效果,为黄土塬区煤田地震勘探提供了有价值的参考。 相似文献
4.
当使用传统的观测模式观测GPS控制点较难达到预期的精度要求时,可以利用参考站高精度的坐标作为静态GPS网的起算点进行控制网布设。以山东省临沂市D、E级GPS控制网建立工程为例,介绍了使用基于SDCORS点观测模式布设GPS平面控制网的方法,并对控制网的精度进行了分析。得出基于SDCORS的点观测模式在D、E级GPS控制网的布设中应用是完全可行的结论。 相似文献
5.
在山西省中部1：20万区域重力调查项目中,不同于传统物探加密控制测量方法,提出了基于2000国家大地坐标系（CGCS2000）的“国家等级GPS点＋CQG2000”的作业模式。本文首先介绍了联测国家级GPS点的加密控制网的建立,以加密控制点为基站得到区域重力测点的2000国家大地坐标的三维坐标;然后利用分布在测区周围含54坐标的国家等级GPS点计算出七参数,将测点2000国家大地坐标转换成54坐标;同时用国家地理信息中心提供的的CQG2000转换工具将CGCS2000大地高转换得到85高程。采用这种方案,避免了一些传统方法的不足,对区域重力坐标点的测定有一定的价值。 相似文献
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GPS在南水北调工程测量中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
GPS和RTK已是非常成熟的测量技术,在长跨度的带状测区中将二者结合,利用GPS的静态定位技术进行首级控制,用RTK技术进行断面基桩放样及施测,在南水北调东线一期鲁北段的5标段断面复测中得到很好应用,实践表明E级GPS网二维约束平差精度远优于规范要求,RTK测量成果,经用多种常规测量手段检查后,其精度较高。GPS和RTK相结合的关键技术是整周模糊度的确定,差分数据的传输,坐标转换参数的未定三个方面。RTK作业距离受卫星状况、天气状况、数据传输状况等影响,应使各点与基准站电台准"电磁波通视"。 相似文献
7.
《地下水》2020,(3)
随着资源开发需要,近年来陇东地区资源勘探程度不断加深,地震采集技术的提高成为该地区资源勘探关键。以陇东地区多个勘查区二维及三维煤田地震勘探资料为依托,通过对比分析,获得研究区全区地震数据特征、采集效果及最佳激发参数。结果可知:研究区煤田地震勘探黄土塬上最佳激发参数是井深8～16 m、单井药量2 kg、6井组合、井间距5 m;研究区内通过多井组合、大药量、深井激发方式能够获得良好的煤田地震采集资料;研究区全区发育良好、波组特征明显的反射波组有四组,分别是TQ波、Tn波、TK波和TT波;研究结果证明虽然在巨厚黄土塬区开展三维地震勘探工作难度极大,但通过优选采集参数也能够获得优质的地震资料。 相似文献
8.
我国页岩气重点开展区域为南方海相沉积地层,地震地质条件相对复杂,数据采集难度较大。贵州凤冈某页岩气勘查区块,属典型的喀斯特低山地貌,地形起伏大,地震施工困难,同时寒武系下统牛蹄塘组页岩层埋藏较深,反射波能量较弱,原始资料信噪比偏低。参考邻区地震勘探经验,采用二种方法论证野外施工参数:一是在勘探区选取论证点设计物理模型进行理论计算;二是以勘查区内向斜部位设计地质模型进行正演模拟求取。在此基础上通过进行不同岩性、井深、药量等激发接收参数的试验,确定了该区块的野外施工方案。该区页岩气地震勘探野外施工参数的选择方法,有效保障了其页岩气地震勘探效果。 相似文献
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以实例介绍了三维地震勘探测量中各项作业限差的关系、复测校差的关系以及测点坐标系转换关系.依照规范及限差控制标准,讨论了控制点布设、导线布设的精度计算以及作业方法.通过对极坐标法误差的计算论证了放样点误差主要是由测角误差引起. 相似文献
11.
CSAMT 法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)具有探测深度大、横向分辨率高、抗干扰能力强的特点,在深部找矿勘探中有着重要的指导意义。肖家营子铜钼矿床是辽西地区一个大型矽卡岩型金属矿床,大部分矿体是隐伏矿体,矿区外围的康杖子区与本区有相似的成矿地质环境,成矿地质条件优越.矿体与围岩电性差异明显,通过应用CSAMT,矿体具有低电阻特点,根据成果推断解释,对深部有利成矿部位进行了钻探验证,取得了理想的探矿效果,在矿区外围取得第二深度空间找矿重大突破。 相似文献
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Julie Okpala 《GeoJournal》1990,20(1):37-43
This paper traces the development of geographic education in Nigeria and examines the views of geographers, other academics,
students and the public at large about the importance of geography. Geography's value is immense despite the non-professional
nature of the discipline. Nevertheless, there is a need to define geography's status and ensure career prospects for students.
The Nigerian Geographical Association (from classroom teaachers to top geographers) must promote geography, improve its status
in schools and universities, and continuously restructure its content and methods to address pertinent social needs. 相似文献
14.
Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
David N. Petley Gareth J. Hearn Andrew Hart Nicholas J. Rosser Stuart A. Dunning Katie Oven Wishart A. Mitchell 《Natural Hazards》2007,43(1):23-44
Nepal is a mountainous, less developed kingdom that straddles the boundary between the Indian and Himalayan tectonic plates.
In Nepal, landslides represent a major constraint on development, causing high levels of economic loss and substantial numbers
of fatalities each year. There is a general consensus that the impacts of landslides in countries such as Nepal are increasing
with time, but until now there has been little or no quantitative data to support this view, or to explain the causes of the
increases. In this paper, a database of landslide fatalities in Nepal has been compiled and analysed for the period 1978–2005.
The database suggests that there is a high level of variability in the occurrence of landslides from year to year, but that
the overall trend is upward. Analyses of the trends in the data suggest that there is a cyclicity in the occurrence of landslide
fatalities that strongly mirrors the cyclicity observed in the SW (summer) monsoon in South Asia. Perhaps surprisingly the
relationship is inverse, but this is explained through an inverse relationship between monsoon strength and the amount of
precipitation in the Hill District areas of Nepal. It is also clear that in recent years the number of fatalities has increased
dramatically over and above the effects of the monsoon cycle. Three explanations are explored for this: land-use change, the
effects of the ongoing civil war in Nepal, and road building. It is concluded that a major component of the generally upward
trend in landslide impact probably results from the rural road-building programme, and its attendant changes to physical and
natural systems. 相似文献
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Takeshi Nose Dr. 《GeoJournal》1985,10(3):261-276
Conclusions During the last ten years, aquaculture, especially mariculture has undergone remarkable expansion to counter-balance the gap between the supply and demand of fishery products in Japan. Its expansion has also been supported by the traditional preference of the Japanese people for seafood. Mariculture is now being forced to change its structure due to adverse economic circumstances such as the rise in the cost of energy, feeds and other materials for culture, low market prices, deterioration of environmental conditions, and many other factors. Before these constraints can be resolved, advanced scientific knowledge and technologies must be integrated to develop new types of aquaculture. Expansion of maricultural activities to more open-sea and off shore areas would be one route to follow. Technologies for the development of formulated diets not only for young but also for adults and larvae, establishment of feeding standards, prevention of epizootic diseases must support the establishment of modern aquaculture.The culture-based fisheries, or marine ranching, is becoming a subject for further development in Japan. Much research work has been conducted with a great degree of governmental support. Establishment of a net work of seedstock production farms has made it possible to carry out releasing experiments on a large scale. A newly integrated restoration system could be developed on the basis of these experiments, even though the profits resulting from the artificial restoration of stocks is not thouroughly verified at present. The commencement of a national scheme for culture-based fisheries would be a manifestation of the enthusiasm of the Japanese fish industry. 相似文献
17.
2010年,美国铀矿总共施工7 209个钻孔,总进尺1 493 520 m;生产铀1 628.55 t;铀矿业总支出费用为2.773亿美元,其中铀矿地勘费支出为3 450万美元,占铀矿业总费用的12.44%。铀矿地勘钻探费用为4 460万美元,占铀矿业总费用的16.08%。 相似文献
18.
硫代砷是富硫化物地下水中砷的重要形态,对环境和人类健康有潜在威胁。目前硫代砷研究程度尚低,本次主要针对国内外地下水（地热水）中硫代砷的存在形态,水文—生物—环境地球化学过程,样品保存,定量检测方法等方面进行研究。结论如下:pH, 氧化还原电位,硫化物含量和微生物作用等是影响地下水中硫代砷稳定存在和形态分布的重要因素。含铁矿物能与水中的硫代砷形成配位键对其进行吸附,吸附性普遍弱于（亚）砷酸盐,因此,地下水中硫代砷可能表现出更强的迁移性。用于硫代砷检测的自然水样在采集中可采取过滤,速冻,厌氧和低温短期保存的操作流程,以减缓该形态的转化甚至消失。色谱联用ICP-MS系统可用于自然水样中硫代砷的分离定量检测,紫外—可见分光光度法和X射线吸收光谱法在不同场景下也可对硫代砷进行定量和表征分析。地热水和浅层地下水中均可能存在硫代砷,由于水样中硫代砷的不稳定性,室内检测和分析难以准确反映现场过程,因此,野外样品保存技术和现场检测方法的更新可能在未来有更大研究空间,值得进一步探索。 相似文献
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