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1.
Mark I. Pownceby Michael J. Fisher-White 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1999,135(2-3):198-211
Detailed phase relations have been determined within the systems Fe2O3-MgO-TiO2 and FeO-MgO-TiO2. Experiments were performed over the temperature interval 1173–1473 K by equilibrating pelletized, fine-grained oxide mixtures
in either inert calcia-stabilized zirconia pots (Fe2O3-MgO-TiO2 system) or evacuated silica tubes (FeO-MgO-TiO2 system). Equilibrium phase assemblages were determined by combined optical microscope, X-ray diffraction and EMP examination.
Phase relations in the Fe2O3-MgO-TiO2 ternary are dominated by the instability of the M2O3 solid solution relative to the phase assemblage M3O4 + M3O5. A miscibility gap along the M2O3 binary also gives rise to two, 3-phase fields (α-M2O3 + M3O5 + M3O4 and α′-M2O3 + M3O5 + M3O4) separated by the M3O4 + M3O5 phase field. Phase relations in the FeO-MgO-TiO2 ternary were divided into two sub-systems. For the FeTiO3-MgTiO3-TiO2 sub-ternary, there is complete solid solution along the M2O3 and M3O5 binary joins at high temperature. At low temperatures (T < 1373 K) the M3O5 pseudobrookite solid solution decomposes to M2O3 + TiO2. Increasing the concentration of MgO in M3O5 phase results in a decrease in the temperature at which M3O5 becomes unstable and compositional tie lines linking M2O3 and TiO2 fan out, before the appearance of a three-phase region where M2O3, M3O5, and TiO2 coexist. Within the expanded FeO-MgO-TiO2 system, at temperatures above ∼1273 K there is a continuous solid solution along the M3O4 binary. At low temperatures (T < 1273 K) the Mg2TiO4 end-member breaks down to MgO and MgTiO3. The M3O4 phase shows significant non-stoichiometry, down to at least 1173 K. Fe2+-Mg partitioning data were obtained for coexisting M2O3-M3O5 and M2O3-M3O4 pairs in the FeO-MgO-TiO2 ternary. Assuming a regular solution mixing model for all phases, the M2O3 and M3O4 solid solutions were both found to exhibit moderate positive deviations from ideality (∼2600 J/mol), whereas the data for
the M3O5 binary suggest close to ideal behaviour.
Received: 22 May 1998 / Accepted: 3 November 1998 相似文献
2.
The supposedly second finding of rare arsenosilicate cervandonite-(Ce) in the world is characterized. The mineral was recognized
in the ore-bearing metasomatic rocks of the Berezitovoe gold-base metal deposit (Upper Priamurye, Russian Far East) in association
with quartz, biotite, muscovite, orthoclase, garnet (almandine-spessartine), tourmaline, basic plagioclase, and sulfides.
The cervandonite is represented by optically homogeneous and heterogeneous aggregates with visible crystals from 10 fum to
0.1–0.3 mm in size. Based on the microprobe analysis, the average chemical composition of the homogeneous cervandonite-(Ce)
aggregates is as follows (wt %): Ce2O3 - 13.00, La2O3 - 5.70, Nd2O3 - 5.20, Pr2O3 - 1.41, Y2O3 - 0.77, Sm2O3 - 0.77, Eu2O3 - 0.23, Gd2O3 - 0.54, Dy2O3 - 0.31, ThO2 - 1.12, UO2 - 0.30, TiO2 - 12.86, Al2O3 - 9.24, Fe2O3 - 8.93, FeO - 2.68, CaO - 0.14, SiO2 - 19.98, As2O3 - 16.19. The comparative study of the cervandonite-(Ce) from the Berezitovoe deposit and the analogous minerals from the
Alpine mica gneiss of Mt. Pizzo Cervandone (Central Alps) showed that the former mineral can be assigned to a new variety
of cervandonite-(Ce) in terms of its compositional features. This variety is characterized by an ordered stoichiometric composition
corresponding to the simpler theoretical formula (Ce,Nd,La)(Fe3+, Fe2+, Ti4+, Al)3 (Si2As3+)3O12. 相似文献
3.
J. Krause G. E. Brügmann E. V. Pushkarev 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2011,161(2):255-273
Uralian-Alaskan-type mafic–ultramafic complexes are recognized as a distinct class of intrusions regarding lithologic assemblage,
mineral chemistry and petrogenetic setting. In the present study, we discuss new data on the distribution of major elements
in minerals of the spinel group in rocks from Uralian-Alaskan-type complexes in the Ural Mountains, Russia. Cr-rich spinel
(Cr2O3 = 20–53 wt%) in dunite with interstitial clinopyroxene and in wehrlite cumulates indicate that it reacted with interstitial
liquid resulting in the progressive substitution of Al2O2 and Cr2O3 by Fe2O3 and TiO2. A distinct change in the spinel chemistry in dunite (Cr2O3 = 47–53 wt%), towards Al2O3- and Cr2O3-poor but Fe2O3-rich compositions monitors the onset of clinopyroxene fractionation in wehrlite (Cr2O3 = 15–35 wt%, Al2O3 = 1–8 wt%, Fe2O3 = 25–55 wt%). In more fractionated mafic rocks, the calculated initial composition of exsolved spinel traces the sustained
crystallization of clinopyroxene by decreasing Cr2O3 and increasing FeO, Fe2O3 and fO2. Finally, the initiation of feldspar crystallization buffers the Al2O3 content in most of the spinels in mafic rocks at very low Cr2O3 contents (<5 wt%). The fractionation path all along and the reaction with interstitial liquid are accompanied by increasing
Fe2O3 contents in the spinel. This likely is caused by a significant increase in the oxygen fugacity, which suggests closed system
fractionation processes. Spinel with Cr2O3 < 27 wt% is exsolved into a Fe2O3-rich and an Al2O3-rich phase forming a variety of textures. Remarkably, exsolved spinel in different lithologies from complexes 200 km apart
follows one distinct solvus line defining a temperature of ca. 600°C. This indicates that the parental magmas were emplaced
and eventually cooled at similar levels in the lithosphere, likely near the crust–mantle boundary. Eventually, these 600°C
hot bodies were rapidly transported into colder regions of the upper crust during a regional tectonic event, probably during
the major active phase of the Main Uralian Fault. 相似文献
4.
Spruce clones were fumigated in greenhouses with ozone and sulfur dioxide singly and in combination for two growing seasons.
At the end of the 15 months' experiment one-year-old needles showed decreased photosynthesis (70% of control) after single
treatment with O3 and SO2, respectively, the combination O3/SO2 enhanced the effect (50% of control). Photosynthesis of current year needles was hardly influenced by fumigation, whereas
respiration was stimulated especially by O3 alone and in combination with SO2. Exposure to O3 and O3/SO2 caused starch accumulation in one-year-old needles up to 200%, while levels of current year needles were nearly unaffected.
Roots exhibited lowered starch contents in all the three fumigation treatments.
A climatic chamber experiment with various combinations of O3, SO2, and NO2 revealed after 6 months reduction of photosynthesis, the three-component-application being most effective followed by O3/NO2. SO2/NO2 had little effect. The light compensation point was raised after fumigation with O3/NO2 and O3/SO2/NO2. 相似文献
5.
周口店地区的古环境变化研究多数研究集中在中更新世时期,而缺乏对早更新世时期环境变化的研究。这主要是由于缺少保存完好的早更新世沉积记录造成的。随着对20世纪80年代在周口地区发现的东洞剖面,发现这是一个保存完好的早更新世剖面,为研究早更新世时期的古环境变化特征提供了良好的研究材料。为了重建早更新世时期的古环境变化特征,利用XRF对东洞洞穴沉积物的主要元素（SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3和CaO）的化学组成进行了高分辨率分析,同时对沉积物中的FeO含量进行了测试。结果显示东洞剖面沉积物的主要化学组成为SiO2,占41.6%～58.9%,其次是Al2O3和Fe2O3,其含量的变化范围分别为13.69%～29.63%和5.00%～9.81%。Al2O3和Fe2O3在剖面上与SiO2含量成明显的镜像变化关系,显示出Al2O3和Fe2O3对沉积物中SiO2含量的稀释作用。另外,Fe2O3与Al2O3在剖面上具有很好的相关性,表明Fe2O3主要富集在富铝的矿物中。从元素含量在剖面的上分布看,东洞剖面的化学组成发生3次大的波动,主要表现为SiO2和FeO含量增高,而Fe2O3与Al2O3含量的减少。这3次波动分别出现在剖面的15.3～14.6m,11.0～9.9m和8.40～7.84m深度处。在3次化学组成的波动出现的同时,指示沉积物风化程度和温度变化的Si/Al（SiO2/Al2O3）和FeO/Fe2O3比值也发生了明显变化,比值增高,指示了3次大的干冷事件。另外,在剖面上部（10.00～7.84m,即第2次事件以后）SiO2/Al2O3和FeO/Fe2O3比值变高且波动频繁,表明自第2次干冷事件后沉积区的环境变得不稳定,逐渐向冷干气候转变。东洞剖面的地球化学记录（SiO2/Al2O3和FeO/Fe2O3）与泾川黄土剖面的粒度曲线具有较好的对比性,支持了东洞剖面记录的环境信息与黄土沉积记录的环境变化具有一致性。通过与泾川粒度曲线的对比发现,东洞剖面记录的3次干冷事件在时段上分别对应于黄土-古土壤序列中的L26,L15和L13。 相似文献
6.
A. Mukhopadhyay A. Bhattacharya L. Mohanty 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1992,110(2-3):346-354
Enthalpy of formation and third law entropy for andradite (Ca3Fe2Si3O12) and hedenbergite (CaFeSi2O6) at standard state have been retrieved from experimental P-T-f(O2) data on the stability relations of these phases. The data for hedenbergite were combined with the thermodynamic data for related phases (Berman 1988) to formulate the geobarometers based on the reactions CaFeSi2O6+2CaAl2Si2O8+2FeTiO3= Ca3Al2Si3O12+Fe3Al2Si3O12+2TiO2 (CPG-IR), 3CaFeSi2O6+3CaAl2Si2O8+3FeTiO3=Ca3Al2Si3O12 +2Fe3Al2Si3O12+3CaTiSiO5 (CPG-IS) and 3CaFeSi2O6+3CaAl2Si2O8=2Ca3Al2Si3O12+ Fe3Al2Si3O12+3SiO2 (CPG-O). The geobarometers involving rutile and sphene are proposed for the first time. In several granulite terranes, pressures have been estimated from the three geobarometers for basic granulites and charnockitic suite of rocks containing the above assemblages. In clinopyroxene-garnet-plagioclase-quartz-ilmenite-rutile assemblages, pressures obtained from CPG-IR are within ±500 bars of pressures calculated from the CPG-Q barometer. However, if rutile is absent, the pressures computed from the CPG-IR barometer are 300 to 1,200 bars higher than those calculated from the CPG-Q barometer. For maximum differences in pressures obtained from the two equilibria TiO2 activity [a(TiO2)] in the rocks is calculated to be 0.8. The sphene-bearing geobarometer (CPG-IS) also registers pressures comparable (<±500 bars) to those obtained from the CPG-Q barometer. The close agreement in pressure values obtained from the CPG-IR and the CPG-IS equilibria with those registered by the CPG-Q geobarometer in assemblages containing quartz implies that the rutile- and sphene-bearing geobarometers which do not involve quartz, can also be applied to estimate pressures from quartz-absent assemblages-assemblages which are not amenable to quantitative geobarometry using existing formulations. 相似文献
7.
Asger Ken Pedersen 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1978,67(3):331-340
A strongly reduced native iron-bearing andesite breccia from Disko contains graphite-rich modified shale xenoliths with magnesian
spinels. These spinels are free from or very poor in ferric iron and vary considerably within the MgO-FeO-Cr2O3-Al2O3 compositional space. Through a simple substitution of the type 3 (Mg, Fe)2+ ⇆ 2(Al, Cr)3++□vacancy, the spinels vary from stoichiometric (Mg, Fe)2+ (Al, Cr)3+
2O4 towards (Al, Cr)2O3. The simple substitution of Cr for Al suggests that Cr was accepted into the spinel structure as Cr3+, despite the reduced nature of the enclosing andesite. The most magnesian spinels are cation deficient spinelss in the synthetic systems MgO-Al2O3 and MgO-Al2O3-Cr2O3. The absence of exolved (Al, Cr)2O3-component is probable due to rapid quenching. 相似文献
8.
Ankam Durga Prasad Lori Rastogi Vinod Kumar Verma Vasudevan Krishna Kumari Sudhakar Yadlapalli Kulamani Dash 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2023,47(3):629-636
The National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials (NCCCM) / Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) and National Aluminium Company Limited (NALCO), India have produced an Indian origin bauxite certified reference material (CRM), referred to as BARC-B1201, certified for major (Al2O3, Fe2O3, SiO2, TiO2, loss on ignition - LOI) and trace contents (V2O5, MnO, Cr2O3, MgO). Characterisation was undertaken by strict adherence to ISO Guides. A method previously developed and validated in our laboratory, using single step bauxite dissolution and subsequent quantitation (of Al2O3, Fe2O3, SiO2, TiO2, V2O5, MnO, Cr2O3 and MgO) by ICP-AES (SSBD ICP-AES) was used for homogeneity studies and an inter-laboratory comparison exercise (ILCE) of the candidate CRM. LOI was determined by thermo-gravimetric analysis. Property values were assigned after an ILCE with participation from seventeen reputed government and private sector laboratories in India. The CRM was certified for nine property values: Al2O3, Fe2O3, SiO2, TiO2, V2O5, MnO, Cr2O3, MgO and LOI, which are traceable to SI units. 相似文献
9.
地表水体富营养化现象与磷的积累有密切关系,去除水体中溶解态磷是降低富营养化风险的技术关键。近十余年来,稀土元素被用于污水除磷剂的开发,并获得了良好的应用成效。本文实验比较了8种结晶态稀土氧化物(Y_2O_3、La_2O_3、CeO_2、Pr6O11、Nd_2O_3、Sm_2O_3、Eu_2O_3和Dy_2O_3)的除磷性能,结果表明La_2O_3的除磷性能最好,Pr6O11、Y_2O_3、Eu_2O_3、Nd_2O_3次之,Sm_2O_3和Dy_2O_3效果微弱,CeO_2完全没有除磷能力;研究表明稀土氧化物表面磷吸附的动力学行为更符合准一级反应模型,吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型。实验表征了除磷后的稀土氧化物和除磷过程中溶液p H值的变化,认为稀土氧化物除磷是一个表面吸附占主导,氧化物溶解出来的离子辅助沉淀的吸附过程。为了避免稀土氧化物颗粒在水体中发生团聚并降低表面吸附能力,将稀土氧化物La_2O_3微纳米颗粒负载在不同黏土矿物上,发现负载于黏土矿物表面的稀土氧化物除磷能力有较好提升,磷吸附量均提高25%左右。负载等量La_2O_3的3种黏土矿物的除磷性能差异不显著,黏土矿物提高稀土氧化物颗粒分散度可能是后者除磷能力提升的主要原因。 相似文献
10.
Uvarovite (Ca3Cr2Si3O12) forms a complete solid solution series with andradite (Ca3Fe
2
+3
Si3O12) below 1,137±5 ° C at a total pressure of 1 atm. Pure uvarovite decomposes to pseudowollastonite (CaSiO3)+eskolaite (Cr2O3) at 1,385 ± 10 ° C. The incorporation of Ca3Fe
2
+3
Si3O12 component in the uvarovite structure lowers the thermal stability of the garnet. The breakdown assemblage is garnetss (Ca3(Cr,Fe+3
2)Si3O12)+pseudowollastonite (CaSiO3)+hemeskolaitess(Cr,Fe+3O3). Pure andradite decomposes to pseudowollastonite (CaSiO3)+hematite (Fe2O3) at 1,137±5 °C. Andradite thermal stability is increased by incorporation of Ca3Cr2Si3O12 component by 248 °C.At 1,264±5 °C pseudowollastonite+hematite react to liquid defining a thermal minimum of the CaSiO3-Cr2O3-Fe2O3 ternary system. This minimum is located at about 64.5 wt.-% CaSiO3, 0.5 wt.-% Cr2O3, and 35.0 wt.-% Fe2O3. Uvarovite and andradite bulk compositions start to melt at 1,420 °C and 1,265 ±5 °C, respectively.The unit-cell parameter for uvarovite is 11.999 (2) Å, the refractive index 1.866 (2). The substitution of Cr+3 by Fe+3 increases a and n almost linearly toward the andradite end member which displays a unit-cell parameter of 12.059 (3) Å and a refractive index of 1.887 (2). 相似文献
11.
From experimental data in the systems Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O, K2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O at 1100°C, and CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O at 1200°C in the 1-2 GPa pressure range, the solution behavior of the individual oxides in coexisting H2O-saturated silicate melts and silicate-saturated aqueous fluids appears to be incongruent. Recalculated on an anhydrous basis, in the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O system, CaOfluid/CaOmelt < 1, whereas in the Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O and K2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O systems, K2Ofluid/K2Omelt and Na2Ofluid/Na2Omelt both are greater than 1. The aqueous fluids are depleted in alumina relative to silicate melt.In the Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O, K2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O, and CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O systems, fluid/melt partition coefficients for the individual oxides range between ∼0.005 and 0.35 depending on oxide, bulk composition and pressure. The alkali partition coefficients are about an order of magnitude higher than that of CaO. Alumina and silica partition coefficient values in the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O system are 10-20% of the values for the same oxides in the Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O and K2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O systems.Positive correlations among individual partition coefficients and oxide concentrations in the aqueous fluids are consistent with complexing in the fluid that involves silicate polymers associated with alkalis and alkaline earths and aluminosilicate complexes where alkalis and alkaline earths may serve to charge-balance Al3+, which is, perhaps, in tetrahedral coordination. Alkali aluminosilicate complexes in aqueous fluid appear more stable than Ca-aluminosilicate complexes. 相似文献
12.
13.
We present a systematic density-functional study of phase relations in three 4d-transition-metal sesquioxides: Y2O3, Rh2O3, and In2O3. Y2O3 and In2O3 undergo pressure-induced transitions to phases with larger cation coordination number (from 6 to 7) at low pressures. However,
this does not occur in Rh2O3 at least up to ~300 GPa. This cannot be explained by usual arguments based on ionic-radii ratios often used successfully
to explain phase relations in simple-metal and rare-earth sesquioxides and sesquisulfides. Inspection of their electronic
structures shows that, in Rh2O3, the electronic occupancy of 4d orbitals, 4d
6, plays a fundamental role in the extraordinary stability of the Rh2O3(II)-type phase with respect to coordination increase. We point out that d-orbital occupancy is a fundamental factor in explaining phase relations in transition-metal sesquioxides and sesquisulfides. 相似文献
14.
电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定硼硅酸盐玻璃中的硼等常见元素 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
硼硅酸盐玻璃中的硼、钙、镁、铝、铁、钛、硅等常见元素普遍采用各元素分别测定的方式进行分析,分析效率很低;而且硼的测定普遍采用容量法,当B2O3含量低于1%时,容量法测定误差较大。本文以KOH熔融的方式消解样品,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)进行分析。通过实验研究了KOH用量和不同称样量对B2O3测定结果的影响。结果表明,KOH用量在3 g以上时有较好的熔样效率和熔样效果,称样量低于0.4 g对B2O3测定结果无明显影响,考虑到其他元素的测定,确定了KOH用量优选3 g,称样量优选0.1 g。在此条件下,测定B2O3等常见元素的精密度(RSD,n=6)≤2%,加标回收率在96.0%~105.6%之间,除Si O2测定误差较大外,其他元素的测定结果均令人满意。本方法确定的B2O3的定量限为0.067%,且对于B2O3最高含量达到16%的测定结果也令人满意,因此可测定B2O3含量的范围至少为0.067%~16%。当样品中的B2O3含量高于4%时,方法准确度和精密度与国家标准分析方法(容量法)相当;当B2O3含量低于1%时,方法准确度和精密度都优于容量法。与现有报道相比,本方法显著拓宽了B2O3的测定范围,并具有良好的准确度,而且在B2O3准确测定的同时,也实现了Ca、Mg、Al、Fe、Ti的定量分析和Si的半定量分析,大大提高了分析效率,可以实现硼硅酸盐玻璃中B2O3等常见元素的准确快速分析。 相似文献
15.
The relationship between the redox ratio Fe+2/(Fe+2+Fe+3) and the K2O/(K2O + Al2O3) ratio (K2O*) were experimentally investigated in silicate melts with 78 mol% SiO2 in the system SiO2-Al2O3-K2O-FeO-Fe2O3, in air at 1,400° C. Quenched glass compositions were analyzed by electron microprobe and wet chemical microtitration techniques. Minimum values of the redox ratio were obtained at K2O*0.5. The redox ratio in peralkaline melts (K2O*>0.5) increases slightly with K2O* whereas this ratio increases dramatically in peraluminous melts (K2O*<0.5) as K2O is replaced by Al2O3. These data indicate that all Fe+3 (and Al+3) occur as tetrahedral species charge balanced with K+ in peralkaline melts. In peraluminous melts, Fe+3 (and Al+3) probably occur as both tetrahedral species using Fe+2 as a charge-balancing cation and as network-modifying cations associated with non-bridging oxygen. 相似文献
16.
The contents of Li, V, P2O5, and Al2O3 in marls and mudstones collected from three different formations, cropping out in northern Iraq, showed that the ratios of Li/Al2O3, V/Al2O3, and P2O5/Al2O3 in these rocks can be used to discriminate environments of deposition of these formations. Relatively high values of the above ratios characterize the deep marine Shiranish environment while lowest values characterize freshwater environment of deposition of the Injana rocks. Despite that marls of the Fatha formation were deposited in marine lagoonal environment, the ratios P2O5/Al2O3 and V/Al2O3 could not be discriminated from the freshwater Injana mudstones. The well-known phenomenon that marine surface water and down to a depth of 50 m almost lacks soluble P explain this behavior. In such water, almost all the soluble P is consumed by surface organism rendering it unavailable for adsorption by the sediments. The high salinity of the lagoonal environment prevented adsorption of soluble V on clay minerals because of its inability to compete with other species of much higher concentrations. 相似文献
17.
G. W. Lester A. H. Clark T. K. Kyser H. R. Naslund 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2013,166(1):329-349
Isobaric (200 MPa) experiments have been performed to investigate the effects of H2O alone or in combination with P, S, F or Cl on liquid-phase separation in melts in the systems Fe2SiO4–Fe3O4–KAlSi2O6–SiO2, Fe3O4–KAlSi2O6–SiO2 and Fe3O4–Fe2O3–KAlSi2O6–SiO2 with or without plagioclase (An50). Experiments were heated in a rapid-quench internally heated pressure vessel at 1,075, 1,150 or 1,200 °C for 2 h. Experimental fO2 was maintained at QFM, NNO or MH oxygen buffers. H2O alone or in combination with P, S or F increases the temperature and composition range of two-liquid fields at fO2 = NNO and MH buffers. P, S, F and Cl partition preferentially into the Fe-rich immiscible liquid. Two-liquid partition coefficients for Fe, Si, P and S correlate well with the degree of polymerization of the SiO2-rich liquid and plot on similar but distinct power-law curves compared with equivalent anhydrous or basaltic melts. The addition of 2 wt% S to the system Fe3O4–Fe2O3–KAlSi2O6–SiO2 stabilizes three immiscible melts with Fe-, FeS- and Si-rich compositions. H2O-induced suppression of liquidus temperatures in the experimental systems, considered with the effects of pressure on the temperature and composition ranges of two-liquid fields in silicate melts, suggests that liquid-phase separation may be stable in some H2O-rich silicate magmas at pressures in excess of 200 MPa. 相似文献
18.
Jürgen Abrecht 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1980,74(3):253-260
In the system CaSiO3-CaMnSi2O6-CaFeSi2O6 extensive miscibility gaps between pyroxenoids and clinopyroxenes are observed. The miscibility gap between Mn-bustamite and Mn-wollastonite has been determined experimentally by a hydrothermal technique between 400° and 1200° C at P
f= 2 kbar. Further experiments have been performed at P
f=9 kbar, which revealed a shifting of the miscibility gap towards more Ca-rich compositions. The bustamite phase is stabilized by high pressures and the wollastonite structure is the stable phase at high temperatures.Similar phase relations as along the join CaSiO3-CaMnSi2O6 exist along the join CaSiO3-CaFeSi2O6 but with a more extensive two-phase field of bustamite-clinopyroxene.Possible phase relations along the joins CaSiO3-CaMnSi2O6, CaSiO3-CaFeSi2O6 and CaFeSi2O6-CaMnSi2O6 are given in temperature-composition diagrams for low pressures, based on natural and experimental data. 相似文献
19.
The present study attempted to evaluate the influence of human activity on major elements (Na2O, MgO, Al2O3, SiO2, K2O, CaO, Fe2O3), and to find a method to explore correlations between major elements and human disturbances, according to geospatial theories and methods. The study results indicate that landscapes influence major elements in diverse ways: Al2O3 is closely related to road and mine landscapes; strong relationships exist between MgO, Fe2O3, CaO, and SiO2 and roads; Na2O, SiO2, and Fe2O3 are unrelated to city landscapes; and Na2O is unrelated to road and mine landscapes. 相似文献
20.
首次在班公湖-怒江缝合带西段去申拉组中发现了泥质硅质岩,呈2个层位产出。为探讨泥质硅质岩的沉积环境、成因及与班-怒特提斯洋西段构造演化的关系,进行岩石学和地球化学分析,结果显示,第一层位泥质硅质岩Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)、Ce/Ce~?、(La/Ce)_N、V/(Ni+V)、Ce/La、Ce_(anom)、Eu_(anom)平均值分别为0.60、0.80、1.24、0.72、1.84、-0.08、0.01,第二层位泥质硅质岩相应比值平均值分别为0.65、0.83、1.16、0.77、1.97、-0.07、0.02。结合泥质硅质岩的Fe_2O_3/TiO2-Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)、(La/Ce)N-Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)、Hf/3-Th-Ta关系图解,表明第一、二层位泥质硅质岩形成于活动大陆边缘,沉积时水-岩界面为水体分层不强烈的厌氧环境。U-Th、Zn-Ni-Co、La-Ce、La/Yb-REE关系图解和稀土元素特征指示了第一、二层位泥质硅质岩为热水成因,热水活动与玄武岩岩浆活动有关,第二层位泥质硅质岩沉积时热水活动更强烈。去申拉组泥质硅质岩的岩石学、地球化学特征表明,狮泉河地区班-怒特提斯洋至少在早白垩世仍具有一定规模的洋盆,其闭合时间应晚于约109Ma,进一步限定了洋盆的闭合时间。 相似文献