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1.
The Bering Sea shelf and Chukchi Sea shelf are believed to hold enormous oil and gas reserves which have attracted a lot of geophysical surveys. For the interpretation of acoustic geophysical survey results, sediment sound velocity is one of the main parameters. On seven sediment cores collected from the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea during the 5th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition, sound velocity measurements were made at 35, 50, 100, 135, 150, 174, 200, and 250 k Hz using eight separate pairs of ultrasonic transducers. The measured sound velocities range from 1 425.1 m/s to 1 606.4 m/s and are dispersive with the degrees of dispersion from 2.2% to 4.0% over a frequency range of 35–250 k Hz. After the sound velocity measurements, the measurements of selected geotechnical properties and the Scanning Electron Microscopic observation of microstructure were also made on the sediment cores. The results show that the seafloor sediments are composed of silty sand, sandy silt, coarse silt, clayey silt, sand-silt-clay and silty clay. Aggregate and diatom debris is found in the seafloor sediments. Through comparative analysis of microphotographs and geotechnical properties, it is assumed that the large pore spaces between aggregates and the intraparticulate porosity of diatom debris increase the porosity of the seafloor sediments, and affect other geotechnical properties. The correlation analysis of sound velocity and geotechnical properties shows that the correlation of sound velocity with porosity and wet bulk density is extreme significant, while the correlation of sound velocity with clay content, mean grain size and organic content is not significant. The regression equations between porosity, wet bulk density and sound velocity based on best-fit polynomial are given. 相似文献
2.
中国黄渤海沉积物声速与物理性质研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In order to investigate the correlation between a sound velocity and sediment bulk properties and explore the influence of frequency dependence of the sound velocity on the prediction of the sediment properties by the sound velocity,a compressional wave velocity is measured at frequencies of 25–250 k Hz on marine sediment samples collected from the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea in laboratory,together with the geotechnical parameters of sediments.The results indicate that the sound velocity ranges from 1.232 to 1.721 km/s for the collected sediment samples with a significant dispersion within the series measuring frequency.Poorly sorted sediments are highly dispersive nearly with a positive linear relationship.The porosity shows a better negative logarithmic correlation with the sound velocity compared with other geotechnical parameters.Generally,the sound velocity increases with the increasing of the average particle size,sand content,wet and dry bulk densities,and decreasing of the clay content,and water content.An important point should be demonstrated that the higher correlation can be obtained when the measuring frequency is low within the frequency ranges from 25 to 250 k Hz since the inhomogeneity of sediment properties has a more remarkably influence on the laboratory sound velocity measurement at the high frequency. 相似文献
3.
Zhengyu Hou Jingqiang Wang Wenjing Chen Tiegang Li Yanxin Zhang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(4):466-471
Based on the core samples collected in different geological tectonic units in the southern South China Sea, the double parameter equations between sediment sound speed and physical parameters were developed. According to the double parameter equations, the influences of physical parameters (porosity, mean grain size, wet bulk density, and clay content) on sediment sound speed were analyzed. To analyze the sensitivity of each parameter in the double parameter equations, the error norm method was introduced. The most influencing physical parameters with relative order were analyzed using the error norm method. These results show that porosity has a major influence on the sound speed, and the most influential physical parameters on sound speed are as follows: porosity > wet bulk density > clay content > mean grain size. 相似文献
4.
本文应用声速Cp和Cs对沉积物特性进行判别研究，给出了理论根据和实践的结果，表明高声连（Cp＞Co）的沉积物大多数为粗颗粒、低含水量和孔隙度；低声连（Cp＜Co）的沉积物大多数为细颗粒、高含水量和孔隙度。岩心声速垂向变化亦可以结合沉积相和环境因素判别出古海洋和地质事件。 相似文献
5.
在轴向应力-应变下海底沉积物声速及其变化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对南海南部海域海底浅表层沉积物短柱状样进行轴向应力-应变/声学测量,结果表明沉积物纵波声速有三种不同的变化结果:(1)声速从应变过程开始随应力-应变曲线变化,在最大应力时声速同时也是最大值,结束时可能高于或低于开始时的声速;(2)声速从应变过程开始逐渐减小,结束时是最小值;(3)声速从应变过程开始逐渐增大,最大值出现在结束时.这些结果与海底浅表层沉积物的物理力学性质、颗粒接触状态、颗粒的微结构等特征有关.研究结果可为深入认识南海南部各种海底沉积物作为承载界面的可靠性、声遥测遥感海底沉积物的工程力学性质等科学目的提供理论依据. 相似文献
6.
本文阐述了对海底沉积物样品在应力-应变过程中进行同步声学测量的实验工具和方法，分析了采自南海45个站位的海底沉积物样品的实验数据资料，结果表明，沉积物颗粒越粗、孔隙越小、无侧限抗压强度越大，声速越高。沉积物样品在受力应变过程中，声速具有明显的随应力而变化的特征。进一步探讨了不同应变阶段沉积物的声学特征以及应力所导致沉积物微结构变化对其声速的影响过程，这一研究将在石油地质测井和海底工程基底稳定性评价等方面具有重要的应用意义。 相似文献
7.
南海南部海域岛礁区海底珊瑚砂声速影响因素的初步研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
通过对南海南部海域岛礁区科学考察数据资料的分析研究,得出了岛礁区海底珊瑚砂的纵波声速随孔隙度、含水量增大而减小,以及声速随中值粒径、湿密度增大而增大的统计结果,并在Biot和Wyllie的松散饱和水沉积物声速理论公式与模型基础上,解释了物理力学因素对海底珊瑚砂声速的影响机制,阐明了固相因素和液相因素的强弱变化引起声速增大或减小的理论原因,分析了各种声速经验公式在海底珊瑚砂声速估算上的精度差异,得出了有必要建立包括海底珊瑚砂在内的单一类型声速经验公式的初步结论。 相似文献
8.
Correlations between sound velocity and related properties of glacio-marine sediments: Barents sea 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Statistical analysis of laboratory-measured compressional wave (sound) velocity, porosity, wet bulk density, and selected
textural parameters of surface sediments from the Barents Sea reveals that clay content and mean grain size are the best indices
to sound velocity. These parameters are followed closely by porosity and wet bulk density, while sand content provides the
weakest index. Although Barents Sea surface sediments are characterized by fairly high variability, the results of the present
study are in general agreement with studies of similar sediment types in other continental shelf environments. 相似文献
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11.
Sound velocity,density, and related properties along a transect across the Bay of Bengal 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Physical properties, sound velocity and density of 95 core samples from ten locations along a transect (parallel to 15°N latitude)
across the Bay of Bengal were measured. Results indicate that sound velocities range from 1,482 to 1,679 m/s (av: 1,583 m/s)
and densities from 1,338 to 1,757 kg/m3 (av: 1,527 kg/m3). It has been observed that dark colored clays and sandy clays show higher values of sound velocity and density than the
average values. A comparative study of the same with that of the sediment cores collected from the Norwegian basin, Mediterranean
Sea, and Hatteras, Nares Abyssal plains, western North Atlantic Ocean was done. 相似文献
12.
为准确建立海底地声模型,本文探讨地声模型的基本组成和基本结构。通过样品实验室测量,分析南海海底表层沉积物的密度、孔隙度与声速随着埋深变化的关系,得出海底实际存在的低声速表面–声速缓慢变化类型、低声速表面–声速增大类型、高声速表面–声速缓慢变化类型和高声速表面–声速增大类型4种典型地声结构;对比钻探测量,分析黄海海底沉积物的密度、孔隙度与声速随埋深变化关系,得出海底地声模型分层特征与地声结构组合特征。研究表明,地声模型可以归结为4种基本地声结构的组合,通过与底层海水声速、同层内声速剖面以及与上层海底沉积物下表面声速的比较,可以建立各种海底地声模型;基于实验室测量法建立的地声模型可以作为参考地声模型,但需要考虑实际海底温度和压力梯度以及海底沉积物的频散特性等,借助于声速比校正法和频散性理论模型进行计算及修正。 相似文献
13.
对南海某海域深度100～400 m的海底浅层（约2 m埋深范围）沉积物柱状样在接近海底水压力下进行三轴应变-声学同步测量,结果表明沉积物纵波声速有两个特征:（1）从应变过程开始到结束,沉积物纵波声速不断变化;（2）平均声速随着平均静弹性模量的增加,由大变小又由小变大,存在声速最小值。这些结果与海底浅表层沉积物的物理力学性质、围压、颗粒的结合状态改变有关。此外,沉积物动弹性模量和孔隙度呈良好的负相关性,这与孔隙度增大含水量增大有关;动弹性模量是静弹性模量的10～100倍,这主要与三轴应变试验的应变数量级与声波振动产生的应变数量级的差异大有关。采用本论文实验测量的数据分别建立了双复合参数-声速和孔隙度-声速经验公式,分析结果表明双复合参数-声速公式声速预报误差约是孔隙度-声速公式的1/4,表明双复合参数-声速公式更加有效。 相似文献
14.
Guangming Kan Baohua Liu Xiangmei Meng Guanbao Li Qingfeng Hua 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(7):853-860
To accurately characterize sound speed dispersion of shallow sediments in the Southern Yellow Sea, three types of sediments, i.e., silt, clayey silt, and silty clay, were selected to measure the sound speeds at 25–250?kHz. Over the frequency range, the sound speeds vary approximately from 1,536 to 1,565?m?s?1 in silt sediment, from 1,511 to 1,527?m?s?1 in clayey silt sediment, and from 1,456 to 1,466?m?s?1 in silty clay sediment. The sound speed exhibits a slow increase with frequency in a nearly linear gradient, but these three types of sediments have different sound speed dispersion characteristics. The silt sediment with relatively coarse grains has the most significant sound speed dispersion, while the sound speed dispersions of the two others are relatively weak. Comparison between the measured dispersions and the model predictions shows that the grain-shearing model can match the measured data at most of frequencies. Nevertheless, when the grain bulk modulus was assigned 3.2?×?1010?Pa according to relevant references, the Biot–Stoll model predictions were higher than the measured values at high frequencies; when it was assigned a relatively small value of 2.8?×?1010?Pa, the model predictions achieved optimal matching with the measured values. 相似文献
15.
Abstract The composition and properties of glacigenic sediments in the southwestern Barents Sea are described based on data from 33 shallow boreholes (< 143 m below seabed) and 11 seabed cores (<4.2m below seabed). The cores are tied into a regional seismostratigraphic framework, illustrating the relationships between different boreholes. A massive, muddy diamicton (silty, sandy clay with scattered gravel) is found in nearly all cores. Average clay content (<2 pm) of this lithology is about 38%, but varies between about 25% and 50%. Short intervals of finely laminated, waterlain sediments or gravelly sand are cored in a few occasions. A high content of sand and gravel in the cores from near the Norwegian coast shows an influence of sediment input from the mainland, while material eroded from sedimentary rocks dominates farther offshore. The data presented on physical properties include undisturbed and remolded undrained shear strength, natural water content, bulk density, compressional sound velocity (P waves), Atterberg consistency limits, effective preconsolidation pressure, and consolidation coefficient. Prediction of overconsolidation from seismic mapping of erosional surfaces is confirmed by the borehole cores. High compaction is found both in Weichselian and older deposits, with a general increase in compaction toward the east as well as toward shallower water. Cores that are “underconsolidated” at their present burial depth are also reported. The average compressional sound velocity is about 1780 m/s for the borehole cores, 1550 m/s for the seabed cores, and increases with increasing shear strength and consolidation. Both horizontal and vertical sound velocities are measured in several cores, and although the data have a considerable scatter, a slightly aniso‐tropic sound velocity is indicated. 相似文献
16.
Acouso-physical properties of sea floor sediments in the southeast offshore sea area of Hainan Island on the northern continental shelf of the South China Sea are analyzed. In many cruises, conductivity-temperature-depth measurements of seawater, measurements of shallow stratum and side-scan sonar have been made. Acoustic parameters, basic sedimentary parameters, physical-mechanical parameters and 14C age, etc., have been measured. The sediment elastic parameters, including Young's modulus, bulk modulus, constrained modulus, rigidity modulus, Poisson's ratio, Lames constant, etc., have been calculated. Results show that the compression wave velocity of the seafloor sediment in the sea area ranges from 1474–1700 m/s, and there are high and low sound velocity sediment types in the different sea areas; the shear wave velocity is 150–600 m/s; at 100 kHz the sediment sound attenuation is 35–260 dB/m, the sediment density is 1.4–2.0 g/cm3; the sediment porosity is 42–88%. Sound field parameters and describing sound reciprocity between sea and seafloor are described. 相似文献
17.
声速误差是多波束水深地形测量主要误差源之一,通常采用现场声速剖面测量的方式加以改正,但在深远海多波束水深地形测量时,现场获取全深度的声速剖面并非易事。针对这一问题,利用东南印度洋海洋调查工作中采集到的17个站位的CTD数据,将所有站位声速剖面拓展到全深度,采用经验正交函数分析法(Empirical Orthogonal Functions,EOF)构建调查区声速剖面场,可获得声速剖面场内任意一点的声速值。然后通过EOF重构声速剖面场获得的声速值对测区内多波束水深地形数据进行改正,并与实测声速剖面对多波束水深地形数据的改正结果进行对比,结果表明,5000 m水深范围内2种声速改正结果相差很小,EOF重构法对深水多波束的声速改正满足水深测量的要求。 相似文献
18.
北部湾南部重力柱状样的MSCL地声学性质测量及分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用钻孔多参数连续记录仪(multi-sensorcorelogger,MSCL),对在南海北部湾南部海区所取得的6个孔重力柱状样进行了测量,获得了连续P波波速、湿密度和孔隙度数据。在室内实验室对柱状样分样之后的沉积物样品进行了孔隙度与湿密度的测定。利用不同的统计回归方法对所获得的6个柱状样的孔隙度与P波波速进行相关分析,并对比室内测量的P波波速、湿密度、孔隙度,建立了基于孔隙度数据对沉积物P波波速进行预测的方法,对MSCL测量方法的优缺点进行了讨论。结果表明,MSCL测量结果与实验室柱状样测定结果较为吻合。样品所在深度对声速的变化影响不大。孔隙度与声速的多项式回归,样条插值回归和GAM模型回归都获得了较高的相关系数,GAM模型可以提供一个较为接近测量值的声速预测方法。MSCL用来测量海底沉积物,可以获得大量的高密度、高精度的沉积物地声学及其他参数数据,但是,如果空气混入沉积物样品中则会导致MSCL测量结果失真。该研究为使用MSCL在区域海底地声学性质、恢复区域海洋沉积历史、海底地声学模型建立等研究提供了参考。 相似文献
19.
浅地层剖面测量是海洋工程勘察、灾害地质调查和大陆架海洋地质科学研究的重要手段,资料解译的准确程度将对地质调查和研究成果的可靠性造成直接影响。由于发收分置型浅地层剖面仪的激发装置与接收装置是分开的,当调查区域的水深过浅时,将其近似为自激自收的单道地震系统会导致地层的畸变,水深越浅地层畸变率越大。根据浅地层剖面仪的基本原理,推导出了浅部地层厚度畸变校正公式,为用C-View软件更准确地解译此类浅地层剖面资料提供了参考。海底沉积物的声速直接影响浅地层剖面地层厚度解译的准确性,利用卢博等建立的适用于中国东南近海的声速经验公式,在某人工岛构造调查中,根据地质钻孔获取的孔隙度参数计算各沉积层的平均声速,建立相应的声速结构剖面,对地层厚度进行校正,取得较好的效果,用孔隙度预测声速的方法参数容易获取,能够提高浅地层剖面资料的解译精度,使地层的厚度更接近于实际,具有一定的实用意义。 相似文献
20.
基于 Biot-Stoll 模型声速反演中的参数选择——以南海南部沉积物为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究海底表层沉积物性质对海洋矿产资源探测、海洋工程建设等有重要的意义。Biot-Stoll模型可以模拟预测海底沉积物的物理性质,但采用不同的参数模拟的效果不同。Stoll参数是各种海洋环境下模型达到最佳预测的单一数值的形式;Schock参数则是对渗透率、孔隙大小、沉积物孔隙曲折度等修改后的函数表达式形式,更接近沉积物实际情况。采用Stoll参数和Schock参数分别计算了南海南部海区海底沉积物纵波速度,并对南海南部沉积物样品进行了计算和实测对比,结果表明,采用Stoll参数计算误差较大,平均为3.962%;采用Schock参数计算误差较小,平均为0.847%。因此,在南海南部海区采用Schock参数预测海底表层沉积物物理性质更准确。 相似文献