共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
盾构隧道掘进过程中将不可避免地穿越建筑结构密集区域,尤其是当穿越的建筑结构建造时间较长、基础较为薄弱,且地层变形超过特定极限时,建筑基础容易发生不均匀沉降和上部结构的额外变形。为了明确大直径泥水盾构隧道穿越复杂环境地层变形影响因素,更好掌握地层变形规律,本文以武汉地铁8号线黄浦路站—徐家棚站越江隧道工程为依托,运用大型通用有限元软件Plaxis3D建立三维有限元模型进行施工过程模拟,分别研究了覆土厚度、开挖面支护压力、盾壳段土体损失、盾尾注浆压力对地表沉降规律的敏感程度;并将数值模拟结果与现场实测值进行对比分析,结果发现有限元计算结果与实测结果具有较好的一致性,从而验证了数值模型的有效性。本文研究将为后续大直径泥水平衡盾构参数的选取提供方法指导。 相似文献
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潘涛 《水文地质工程地质》2022,49(1):101-108
研究盾构隧道施工对周围地面以及建筑物沉降造成的影响,是软土地区盾构隧道安全施工和正常运营的基础课题。为了分析宁波轨道交通5号线同德路站—石碶站区间双线盾构隧道施工对周边地表和建筑物的影响,本文在建立盾构隧道动态施工过程三维有限元模型的基础上,基于地表以及建筑物沉降数值模拟结果与现场监测值的对比,分析了隧道开挖对隧道周围地表沉降与建筑物沉降的影响。结果表明,掘进完成时,开挖方向沉降槽往上行线隧道方向偏移、呈现倒梯形形态,横断面影响区域为距离双线隧道轴线中心小于3倍隧道直径;上行线在下行线开挖后并不会增加地表沉降,但增大了沉降槽宽度;下行线到达前产生的沉降占最终累计沉降的67%;当盾构掘进面刚到达建筑物时、建筑物的倾斜方向与盾构掘进方向一致,当盾构掘进面离开建筑物时、建筑物将沿着盾构掘进的反方向倾斜;建筑物两侧沉降值较中部沉降值降低了83%;双线贯通后建筑物沉降呈“U”形分布,最大沉降量发生在远离隧道一侧距建筑物中心0.5 m处。 相似文献
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人工土层冻结法加固在盾构出洞施工中的应用 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
软土地区盾构出洞施工中洞口土体易失稳、渗水,上海明珠线二期工程浦东大道站至张扬路站区间,隧道在盾构出洞施工中,为确保地面建筑及地下管线的安全及正常使用,首次采用了人工土层冻结加固,取得了良好的效果;本文介绍了该工程出洞口土体加固的方案选择、关键技术处理及实际取得的效果,并探讨了人工土层冻结加固在含水松软土层的地下工程中的应用前景. 相似文献
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Naeimifar Ibrahim Yasrobi Shahaboddin Golshani Ali Akbar Joneidi Mehdi 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2021,39(6):4265-4285
Excavation-induced ground movements and the resulting damages to adjacent structures and facilities is a source of concern for excavation projects in urban areas. The concern will be even higher if the adjacent structure is old or has low strength parameters like masonry building. Frame distortion and crack generation are predictors of building damage resulted from excavation-induced ground movements, which pose challenges to projects involving excavations. This study is aimed to investigate the relation between excavation-induced ground movements and damage probability of buildings in excavation affected distance. The main focus of this paper is on masonry buildings and excavations stabilized using soil nail wall method. To achieve this purpose, 21 masonry buildings adjacent to 12 excavation projects were studied. Parametric studies were performed by developing 3D FE models of brick walls and excavations stabilized using soil nail wall. Finally, probability evaluations were conducted to analyze the outputs obtained from case studies. Based on the obtained results, simple charts were established to estimate the damage of masonry structures in excavation affected distance with two key parameters including “Displacement Ratio” and “Normalized Distance”. The results also highlight the effects of building distance from excavation wall on its damage probability.
相似文献5.
为研究深部洞室围岩的分区破裂化机制,建立了厚壁筒三维线弹性解析模型。逐步减小厚壁筒均布内压,模拟洞室静力开挖。逐步增加厚壁筒轴向均布压力,模拟洞室开挖导致洞室轴向应力集中。逐步增加厚壁筒外周非均布压力系数,模拟洞室开挖导致洞室水平应力的重分布和集中效应。根据弹性力学知识和边界条件,确定洞室开挖引起的弹性应力场、应变场及位移场。从拉压域、应变梯度及径向压拉蓄能等3个方面入手,分别研究了内压静力卸荷、水平应力重分布、围压均匀部分及轴压对深部洞室围岩分区破裂的作用机制。结果表明：径向弹性拉伸能和径向弹性压缩能的相对变化反映了围岩能量释放速率和释放量。水平应力重分布和轴压是围岩出现分区破裂现象的主要因素,但两者作用机制不同。该模型可为研究高地应力深部洞室围岩破坏提供一个较统一的理论工具,也为深部工程设计提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - The second phase of the Chongqing Rail Transit Line project has poor rock and soil stability, slow construction progress, complex and variable geological... 相似文献
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采矿塌陷在开采施工中被给予了特别关注,也是施工地质灾害重要表现形式之一。已有地震记录中不乏对其形态辨识,然而少见对塌陷机理和发生过程中能量转换等较全面的研究。温岭市长屿硐天采矿遗址区碧玉潭洞室群1997年8月11日早晨发生持续时间约20 s大塌方。现场残留了面积约31 380 m2、体积约1.35×106 m3的塌陷岩体。通过现场工程地质调查、塌陷过程追溯、邻近地震台站频谱记录分析,笔者认为这次发生在凝灰岩中的大规模塌陷系因地下采石过程中保安矿柱被过量开挖掉而引发局部顶板破裂和应力分布的大改变,进而发展至整个矿区岩体塌落破坏,使矿坑积水飞溅和压缩空气冲击波带来了沿途150 m范围内人员伤亡、树木折断和财产损失。塌陷区南93 km的温州台地震波谱记录了这次采矿塌陷地震活动,其波形数据与现场塌陷破坏能量转化情况基本吻合。在采矿活动中保安矿柱的合理配置、为人员安全设置变形破坏过程监测等,是需考虑的预防塌陷措施。 相似文献
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随着城市的快速发展,地铁车站周边开发的建筑越来越多,周边建筑施工对地铁车站将产生不可避免的不利影响。本文结合某大型建筑深基坑工程的设计、施工及监测数据,通过有限元计算,分析基坑开挖施工力学特征,研究基坑施工对临近地铁车站的变形影响。研究发现,基坑采用合理的地下连续墙、钻孔灌注桩等围护体系、适当的被动区加固方式、科学的分基坑开挖施工组织等措施,可以保证基坑开挖施工对临近车站的影响在可控制、可接受的范围内,为软土地区类似基坑的设计、施工提供参考经验。 相似文献
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Swelling behavior of expansive soil has always created problems in the field of geotechnical engineering. Generally, the method used to assess the swelling potential of expansive soil from its plasticity index, shrinkage limit and colloidal content. Alternative way to evaluate swelling behavior is from its expansive index (EI) and swelling pressure value. The present study investigates the reduction of EI and swelling pressure for kaolinite and bentonite clay when mixed with various percentages of Ottawa sand and Class C fly ash. The percentages of Ottawa sand and Class C fly ash used were 0–50 % by weight. The results show that there is a significant reduction in the swelling properties of expansive soil with the addition of Ottawa sand and Class C fly ash. The reduction in EI ranged approximately from 10 to 50 and 4 to 49 % for kaolinite and bentonite clay, respectively. Also the maximum swelling pressure of kaolinite and bentonite clay decreased approximately 93 and 64 %, respectively with the addition of various percentages of Ottawa sand and Class C fly ash. Standard index properties test viz., liquid limit, plastic limit and linear shrinkage test were conducted to see the characteristics of expansive soil when mixed with less expansive sand and fly ash. Also, for these expansive soils one dimensional consolidation test have been conducted with sand and fly ash mixtures and the results were compared with pure kaolinite and bentonite clay. 相似文献
10.
Three-Dimensional Back-Analysis of an Instrumented Shallow Tunnel Excavated by a Conventional Method
Mohamed Nabil Houhou Fabrice Emeriault Émilie Vanoudheusden 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2016,34(4):1101-1117
The excavation of a shallow tunnel induces deformations of the soil volume in the vicinity and above the tunnel and consequently on the nearby buildings. The range of these deformations depends among other on the geological conditions, the geometry of the tunnel, and the excavation method. In this context, this research focuses on the 3D numerical modeling of a shallow tunnel instrumented during its construction, located on the Toulouse (France) subway line B for which the excavation has been carried out in a conventional manner in an over consolidated molassic geological context. The objective of this analysis is to estimate the tunnel behavior in terms of vertical and horizontal movements of the surrounding soil and the deformations of the existing buildings. The explicit finite differences numerical code FLAC3D is used to model the various implementation phases of the work where the fluid–soil interaction is taken into account through an undrained coupled analysis. The results of this 3D model are compared to those of the in situ measurements in order to validate the geotechnical characteristics of the molasses. The latter are a useful basis for the back-analysis of the different monitoring sections implemented in areas where the tunnel excavation is made by TBM with pressurized front. 相似文献
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进入９０年代以来,上海的建（构）筑物迅速向高、大、深、重的方向发展,从而使地下工程的试验、研究、设计、施工和监测,成为上海岩土工程界的主攻方向。在软土地基上进行桩基旋工、开挖深基坑和沉井工程,都会对软弱土体产生扰动和破坏,推动稳定性的土体所表现的应用应变复杂过程,随时都会给工程带来危害。上海岩土工程界从众多工程事故实例中取得经验教训,摸索到一套行之有效的办法,对于常见的上海地下工程技术问题,从原理 相似文献
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随着城市化进程的推进,城市中历史建筑的保护日益受到重视。城市中修建深基坑工程,不可避免的会对周边历史建筑产生影响。结合天津地区深基坑工程实例,分析了历史建筑受深基坑开挖影响的破坏机理,认为基坑周边土体不均匀沉降是引起历史建筑破坏的重要原因。同时,根据监测结果,分析了天津地区历史建筑的变形规律,探讨了减小建筑物变形的措施,可为类似工程提供参考。 相似文献
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针对湿陷性黄土场地的岩土工程条件和高层建筑的特性,结合多种地基基础处理方法的特点,从技术可靠、经济合理和施工方便可行的观点出发,对湿陷性黄土场地高层建筑地基处理方法的选择进行探讨。通过工程实例着重阐述灰土挤密桩（DDC法）复合地基处理方法、素土挤密桩和CFG桩复合型地基处理方法、素土挤密桩和钢筋混凝土桩复合型地基处理方法在湿陷性黄土场地高层建筑中的应用。对湿陷性黄土地区高层建筑的地基处理有一定的借鉴作用。 相似文献
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武汉市是华中地区最大的城市,改革开放以来,兴建了许多高层建筑。高层建筑尤其是超高层建筑的主要特点是高度大、重心高、基底压力大及基础埋深大等。而武汉地区的地质条件又比较复杂,就第四纪地层而言,从最新沉积的各类软土如人工填土、淤泥类土、软塑状粘性土等,到全新世(Q4)沉积的各类砂土与卵砾石,直至晚更新世(Q3)及其以前沉积的老粘土均有分布。各类土层的厚度、深度及性质均变化较大。因此武汉地区高层建筑的岩土工程问题就显得复杂与多样,在众多复杂的岩土工程问题中,本文主要分析了比较突出的基础持力层与基础类型的确定,深基坑开挖中的边坡滑移、基坑涌水、流砂、突涌以及基坑防护等。通过对这些问题的分析,从中可以得出一些规律,对今后高层建筑的兴建具有一定的指导作用。 相似文献
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以济南市轨道交通R1线大杨庄站主体基坑降水工程为例,研究表明发育于济南区域孔隙黏性土地层黏性土内具有独特的空间网状孔隙、孔洞结构。通过4种渗透性试验成果对比分析,室内试验、声纳渗流试验测定的渗透系数均较小,与实际地层渗透能力相差很大;抽水试验与回灌试验测定的渗透系数相近,远远大于一般黏性土的渗透性,渗透系数随着回灌压力的增加而呈线性提高,回灌引起周边地下水位上升较小,影响范围有限,符合济南孔隙黏性土地层的富水性强和渗透性好特性,具有独特性和鲜明的区域特点。相关试验成果可以为相关区域基坑降水与回灌设计、施工和泉水环境保护提供参考。 相似文献
18.
邻近地铁车站基坑开挖位移传递规律数值模拟 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
上海地铁8号线人民广场站是个平行换乘车站,车站基坑紧邻地铁1号线人民广场站开挖。监测数据说明,随着基坑开挖,地铁车站背向基坑倾斜。通过有限差分法数值模拟,得到了邻近大刚度地铁车站的基坑开挖位移场的位移传递规律,并对其规律进行了分析,结果表明,大刚度地铁车站的存在对基坑开挖的位移场具有很大的影响：（1）对基坑变形的遮拦作用,从而减小了支护结构的变形;（2）隔断了坑周土层的位移传递路径,使得土体位移场发生变化,促使地下建筑物背向基坑方向倾斜。 相似文献
19.
基坑工程对邻近建筑物附加变形影响的分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着软土地区城市建筑密度的增加,基坑工程周围通常存在建筑物,基坑工程的开挖受到更严格的环境制约。在深基坑工程的设计中,必须考虑基坑开挖引起的附加变形满足周边建筑物提出的严格要求,基坑设计的关键从强度控制转变为变形控制。结合上海地区大量基坑工程实践,考虑邻近建筑物条件下基坑开挖的数值模拟分析,总结出适用于基坑围护选型阶段的实用计算分析方法,对方案选型进行指导。分别结合邻近桩基础和浅基础的不同基础形式建筑物的工程实例,对基坑开挖产生的邻近建筑物的附加变形进行计算分析,并与实际工程实施的监测结果相比较,验证了计算分析的必要性和可靠性,为类似基坑工程的设计和施工提供了有益的参考。 相似文献
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Numerical study of dewatering in a large deep foundation pit 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Jianxiu Wang Bo Feng Haipeng Yu Taiping Guo Guangyun Yang Junwu Tang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(3):863-872
During foundation pit excavation, groundwater is often the most important factor that affects pit stability. Dewatering is widely used in pit excavation to avoid uplift of excavation floors due to high water pressure. The characteristics of seepage in small-scale deep foundation pits of high-rise buildings or in the long narrow foundation pits of subway stations have been extensively investigated. However, the characteristics of seepage in large-scale deep excavations have not been studied. This paper investigates the large deep excavation of the buildings in Oriental Fisherman’s Wharf. The total area of the construction site is 33,917 m2. Single-well and group-well field pumping tests were performed and a numerical simulation by 3D finite difference method (FDM) was carried out. The simulation used results from the field pumping tests. The permeability parameters of the confined aquifer were then revised, based upon comparisons of simulation and observation results. Subsequently, dewatering schemes were simulated by FDM forward analysis. The simulation results show that dewatering schemes can minimize seepage and uplift in large excavation pits, though settlement outside the pit may need treatment measures. 相似文献