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1.
Kamyar Norouzian Nader Abbasi Jahangir Abedi Koupai 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2018,36(3):1575-1586
Using various additives has been considered as one of the most common stabilization methods for improvement of engineering properties of fine-grained soils. In this research the effect of sewage sludge ash (SSA) and hydrated lime (HL) on compressive strength of clayey soil was investigated. For this purpose, 16 kinds of mixtures or treatments were made by adding different amounts of SSA; 0, 5, 10 and 15% by weight and HL; 0, 1, 3 and 5% by weight of a clayey soil. First, compaction characteristics of the treatments were determined using Harvard compaction test apparatus. So that, 12 unconfined compressive strength test specimens were made using Harvard compaction mold from each treatments taking into account four different curing ages, including 7, 14, 28 and 90 days in three replications. Therefore, a total of 192 specimens were prepared and subjected to unconfined compressive strength tests. The results of this study showed that the maximum dry density of the treated soil samples decreases and their optimum water content increases by increasing the amount of SSA and hydrated lime in the mixtures. It is also found that the adding of HL and SSA individually would increase the compressive strength up to 3.8 and 1.5 times respectively. The application of HL and SSA with together could increases the compressive strength of a clayey soil more efficiently even up to 5 times. 相似文献
2.
工业废渣加固土强度特性 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
工业废渣的资源化是解决工业废渣环境污染的有效途径之一。以粉煤灰和高炉矿渣为固化剂,石灰为碱性激发剂,对黏土进行加固。通过室内试验的方法,分析固化剂掺入量、养护龄期等对固化土无侧限抗压强度、pH值和饱和度等发展规律的影响。试验结果表明,固化土的无侧限抗压强度随固化剂掺入量的增加而增大,随养护龄期的增加而增大,提出一个综合反映固化剂掺入量、养护龄期和压实度等因素对固化土强度影响规律的综合影响因子,固化土强度与综合影响因子呈负指数函数关系;粉煤灰+石灰和高炉矿渣+石灰可有效改良土体无侧限抗压强度特性;石灰是一种有效的碱性激发剂,可提供工业废渣发生火山灰反应的高碱性环境。试验成果为工业废渣改良不良土质的设计提供试验依据。 相似文献
3.
研究掺粉煤灰对合肥膨胀土的物理性质指标以及胀缩性指标等的影响,探讨利用粉煤灰改良膨胀土的措施与效果。试验研究结果表明,在膨胀土中掺入适量的粉煤灰可有效降低膨胀土的塑性指数、降低膨胀势、减小线缩率与降低活性。在膨胀土中掺入粉煤灰还可改变膨胀土的击实特性,一定击实功作用下,随着掺灰率的增加,土体的最优含水率与最大干密度均减小,膨胀土中掺入粉煤灰后,膨胀土可在较小的含水率下通过击实或压实达到稳定。掺灰膨胀土的膨胀量与膨胀力随养护龄期的增长而减小;没有经过养护的掺灰土,其无侧限抗压强度随掺灰率的变化几乎没有变化,经过7 d养护后,土的无侧限抗压强度有所增长,并且存在一个峰值点,合肥膨胀土的无侧限抗压强度所对应的最佳掺粉煤灰率约为15 %～20 %。 相似文献
4.
我国城市污泥产量巨大,如果得不到妥善处理将会严重影响环境综合治理。为了研究一种高效、资源、稳定的城市污泥处理技术,对城市污泥先进行生石灰消化处理,再通过正交试验,以无侧限抗压强度为指标,优选出生石灰、原料土、城市污泥、固化剂等的最佳配比,配制成一种新型城市污泥固化土,并对其力学特性进行试验研究。试验结果表明：研制的新型城市污泥固化剂固化处理城市污泥效果很好,重金属浸出量满足国家规范要求,污泥固化土强度随着养护龄期的增加而增大,且28 d后慢慢趋于相对稳定,碱性对强度有促进作用,建议固化土初始配制含水率最高控制在45%～50%之间。三轴剪切试验得到的应力峰值和结构屈服应力随着围压和养护龄期的增大而增大,环剪试验得到的残余强度与养护龄期及有效法向应力成正比,与剪切位移成反比。 相似文献
5.
高含水率淤泥生石灰材料化土击实方法初探 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了击实高含水率淤泥生石灰材料化土,通过改进标准击实仪,设计了4种不同击实冲量的击实情形,对不同掺灰比的材料化土在不同闷料期进行击实试验,分析了击实冲量及击实功与淤泥生石灰材料化土干密度的关系,提出了材料化土的击实方法及击实评价方法。建议根据材料化土的含水比 选择击实冲量适宜的击实方法,通过土的干密度随击次变化规律判断材料化土是否击实。特别从工程角度出发,测试了击实材料化土不同龄期的无侧限抗压强度,初步探讨了高含水率疏浚淤泥生石灰材料化土作为工程填料的可行性。 相似文献
6.
通过污泥固化技术可以将城市污泥转化为一种新型城市污泥固化土。为了研究污泥固化土工程特性,对新型城市污泥固化土进行无侧限强度试验、收缩特性试验、浸出毒性试验以及X射线衍射试验与微观结构测试。试验结果表明,城市污泥固化土无侧限抗压强度随期龄增加而增长,28 d后基本稳定;新型城市污泥固化土的线缩率随龄期的增大而增大,且28 d后趋于稳定值;与消化后城市污泥相比,城市污泥固化土中的浸出毒性明显减少,重金属浸出量均符合国家规范要求。消化城市污泥衍射峰中氢氧化钙峰值很高,但随着养护期龄的增长,城市污泥固化土中氢氧化钙的衍射峰值减小,碳酸钙的衍射峰值增大,说明固化土各成分反应越充分,强度越高。微结构测试研究表明,污泥固化土SEM图像中有大量的纤维状物质联结着土颗粒和颗粒团块,形成土骨架纤维的交互空间结构,提高了土体强度。 相似文献
7.
为探究纳米SiO2和石灰对黄泛区粉土的改良效果,通过击实试验、无侧限抗压强度试验、扫描电镜试验和XRF试验等系列试验,研究纳米SiO2和石灰掺量对黄泛区粉土压实性、抗压强度、水稳性等力学特性的影响,分析改良粉土的微观结构及固化机理。结果表明:纳米SiO2改良土的最大干密度和最优含水率随纳米SiO2掺量的增加而提高,纳米SiO2改良土中掺加石灰会降低最大干密度,但会提高最优含水率;纳米SiO2与石灰联合使用改良效果优于单独掺入纳米SiO2,1.5%纳米SiO2-2%石灰改良土的无侧限抗压强度、黏聚力和内摩擦角提升最为显著;与素土和纳米SiO2改良土相比,纳米SiO2-石灰改良土的水稳性得到显著改善;在纳米SiO2改良土中,纳米SiO2主要起到填充土颗粒之间孔隙的作用,纳米SiO2与石灰联合使用可在土中形成胶结物质、发挥黏结与填充作用、大幅提高土的强度。 相似文献
8.
Effect of polypropylene fibre and lime admixture on engineering properties of clayey soil 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In order to reduce the brittleness of soil stabilized by lime only, a recent study of a newly proposed mixture of polypropylene fibre and lime for ground improvement is described and reported in the paper. To investigate and understand the influence of the mixture of polypropylene fibre and lime on the engineering properties of a clayey soil, nine groups of treated soil specimens were prepared and tested at three different percentages of fibre content (i.e. 0.05%, 0.15%, 0.25% by weight of the parent soil) and three different percentages of lime (i.e. 2%, 5%, 8% by weight of the parent soil). These treated specimens were subjected to unconfined compression, direct shear, swelling and shrinkage tests. Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the specimens after shearing, the improving mechanisms of polypropylene fibre and lime in the soil were discussed and the observed test results were explained. It was found that fibre content, lime content and curing duration had significant influence on the engineering properties of the fibre–lime treated soil. An increase in lime content resulted in an initial increase followed by a slight decrease in unconfined compressive strength, cohesion and angle of internal friction of the clayey soil. On the other hand, an increase in lime content led to a reduction of swelling and shrinkage potential. However, an increase in fibre content caused an increase in strength and shrinkage potential but brought on the reduction of swelling potential. An increase in curing duration improved the unconfined compressive strength and shear strength parameters of the stabilized soil significantly. Based on the SEM analysis, it was found that the presence of fibre contributed to physical interaction between fibre and soil whereas the use of lime produced chemical reaction between lime and soil and changed soil fabric significantly. 相似文献
9.
冻融作用下PPF稳定土力学性能研究 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
为了研究冻融作用下外加材料稳定土的力学性能,以一种国产土壤固化剂（TG固化剂）加固低剂量水泥石灰稳定土为研究对象,通过冻融前后的无侧限抗压强度试验、劈裂强度试验和抗压回弹模量试验,研究不同压实度、聚丙烯纤维（PPF）掺量稳定土的力学性能。结果表明：稳定土的抗压强度、劈裂强度及回弹模量均随冻融次数的增加而降低,经历6次冻融循环后,强度、模量损失率基本稳定。冻融前后稳定土的抗压强度、劈裂强度、抗压回弹模量以及强度、模量的残留百分比均随着压实度和PPF掺量的提高而增大。结合工程实际情况,选取压实度为95%,0.2% PPF综合稳定土进行冻融试验,得到抗压强度残留比（BDR）达到59.32%,质量变化率仅为6.28%,研究表明,PPF综合稳定土具有优良的冻稳定性,可用作路面基层材料。 相似文献
10.
淤泥富含有机质，分解后产生腐殖酸，进而影响淤泥固化效果。仅掺入12%水泥固化淤泥，当标准养护期超过60 d，其强度不增反减。联合掺入3%石灰和12%水泥，固化淤泥的pH值持续180 d处于10.5以上；无侧限抗压强度由750 kPa（养护期28 d）提升到1 500 kPa（120 d），说明借助石灰营造强碱性环境，可以提高水泥固化淤泥的强度；但养护到180 d后，其强度又降到1 250 kPa；钙离子浓度变化规律表明，这是由于腐殖酸溶蚀水泥和石灰的水化胶结物所致。借助偏高岭土卓越的火山灰反应能力，掺入3.0%偏高岭土，提升石灰（3%）?水泥（12%）固化淤泥的耐久性，发现180 d养护期内，其强度始终处于增长趋势，究其原因是偏高岭土富含无定形硅、铝氧化物，具有快速捕获氢氧化钙溶液中钙离子的能力，形成稳定的胶结物，而且不易受腐殖酸的侵蚀作用，证明偏高岭土能够有效提升石灰?水泥固化淤泥长期强度。 相似文献
11.
Behavior of expansive soils stabilized with fly ash 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Expansive soils cause serious problem in the civil engineering practice due to swell and shrinkage upon wetting and drying.
Disposal of fly ash, which is an industrial waste in both cost-effective and environment-friendly way receives high attention
in China. In this study, the potential use and the effectiveness of expansive soils stabilization using fly ash and fly ash-lime
as admixtures are evaluated. The test results show that the plasticity index, activity, free swell, swell potential, swelling
pressure, and axial shrinkage percent decreased with an increase in fly ash or fly ash-lime content. With the increase of
the curing time for the treated soil, the swell potential and swelling pressure decreased. Soils immediately treated with
fly ash show no significant change in the unconfined compressive strength. However, after 7 days curing of the fly ash treated
soils, the unconfined compressive strength increased significantly. The relationship between the plasticity index and swell-shrinkage
properties for pre-treated and post-treated soils is discussed. 相似文献
12.
针对广西荔玉高速路基沿线产生的大量高液限土弃方问题,采用生石灰对高液限土进行改良处理。选取弃土场的高液限土,分别配制不同初始含水率、不同石灰掺量的试样进行侧限压缩试验和快剪试验,采用基本初等数学函数模型拟合不同饱和状态、不同初始含水率下石灰掺量对试件压缩特性和抗剪强度影响。结果表明:(1)高液限土的压缩系数随石灰掺量增加呈指数形式减小;(2)不同饱和状态试件的黏聚力和内摩擦角随石灰掺量增加呈二次函数形式变化;(3)高液限土具有水敏性,饱和素土试件最大抗剪强度对应的含水率较击实试验最大干密度对应的含水率高3%～6%;(4)当初始含水率不高于26.73%时,建议石灰掺量不低于6%,否则改良高液限土的石灰掺量不低于8%,可在满足经济性的前提下达到较好的改良效果。 相似文献
13.
Lime stabilization of clay minerals and soils 总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24
F.G. Bell 《Engineering Geology》1996,42(4):223-237
Clay soil can be stabilized by the addition of small percentages, by weight, of lime, thereby enhancing many of the engineering properties of the soil and producing an improved construction material. In order to illustrate such improvements, three of the most frequently occurring minerals in clay deposits, namely, kaolinite, montmorillonite and quartz were subjected to a series of tests. As lime stabilization is most often used in relation to road construction, the tests were chosen with this in mind. Till and laminated clay were treated in similar fashion. With the addition of lime, the plasticity of montmorillonite was reduced whilst that of kaolinite and quartz was increased somewhat. However, the addition of lime to the till had little influence on its plasticity but a significant reduction occurred in that of the laminated clay. All materials experienced an increase in their optimum moisture content and a decrease in their maximum dry density, as well as enhanced California bearing ratio, on addition of lime. Some notable increases in strength and Young's Modulus occurred in these materials when they were treated with lime. Length of time curing and temperature at which curing took place had an important influence on the amount of strength developed. 相似文献
14.
The effects of rate of strain on strength and deformation characteristics of soil–lime were investigated. Five strain rates (0.1, 0.8, 2.0, 4.0 and 7.0 %/min), five lime contents (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 %) by dry soil weight and three cell pressures (100, 200 and 340 kN/m2) were carried. Triaxial tests, under unconsolidated condition, were used to study the effect of strain rate on strength and initial modulus of elasticity of soil and soil–lime mixture after two curing periods 7 and 21 days, respectively. A total of 405 triaxial specimens have been tested, where 225 specimens have been tested with first curing period (7 days). The testing program includes nine specimens for each strain rate, and each lime content was carried out, including natural soil with zero lime content. Another set of triaxial tests with a total of 180 specimens for the second curing period (21 days) was prepared at optimum moisture content, and the corresponding maximum dry density was also tested. The effects of strain rate and curing period on each of stress–strain behavior, type of failure, deviator stress at failure, cohesion and angle of internal friction and initial modulus of elasticity were studied thoroughly for the natural soil as well as soil–lime mixtures. For natural soil, the test results showed that the undrained shear strength, the initial modulus of elasticity and the cohesion increase significantly as the strain rate increase, while for soil–lime mixture at different curing periods, the undrained shear strength, initial modulus of elasticity and the cohesion increases to a maximum and then decreases as the strain rate and lime content increase. Also, the same variables and angle of internal friction increase with increasing curing period. 相似文献
15.
In developing technically viable and economically sustainable methods of improving soil properties to suit the requirements of engineering structures, designers/engineers are to take into consideration the availability and cost effectiveness of materials required for such improvement scheme. In line with this, the present study evaluates stabilization effectiveness of combined quarry fines (QF) and cement kiln dust (CKD) on subgrades dominated by black cotton soil (BC soil). The experimental programme included Atterberg limits, compaction and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests on soil mixtures prepared with a representative BC soil at constant dosage of 10 % QF and 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 % CKD. Prior to testing, soil mixtures for CBR test prepared at optimum moistures and compacted with British standard light compaction effort were soaked for 96 h after curing for 28 days. Test data show that the addition of QF and CKD together reduced the plasticity index that resulted in rapid textural changes and eventual improvement in constructability, led to an increase in the optimum moisture content and a decrease in the maximum dry unit weight. Furthermore, the coupled effects of QF and CKD resulted in substantial increase in CBR strength of the composite specimens. Overall, mixtures created using the proposed QF and CKD ratios rendered the soil physically and mechanically stable producing results that are compatible with desired values for engineering performance typically required by various user agencies for pavement subgrades. This improvement scheme is not only cost effective, but it is capable of lessening the demand on non renewable resources thereby reducing the footprint of road construction projects in the environment. 相似文献
16.
Groundnut shell ash, cement and their combinations are used as soil stabilizers in various percentages to improve the strength of locally available highly compressible clay soil. The effect of stabilizer in improving the strength of the soil is evaluated through change in consistency limits, compaction characteristics, undrained cohesion and modulus of elasticity. The durability characteristics of stabilised soil were studied based on the improvement of undrained shear strength for various days of curing by increasing the percentage of cement. Stabilised soil showed satisfactory improvement in strength and consistent durability characters. Groundnut shell ash and cement increased the optimum moisture content. There was a slight decrease in the dry density and modulus of elasticity of soil. These can be used as a viable economic alternative in construction of roads and for stabilising soil acting as bearing medium. The use of groundnut shell ash, an agricultural waste, helps in waste management and promotes sustainable development of local construction industry. 相似文献
17.
填埋是污泥消化处置的方法之一,由于污泥的工程特性较特殊,填埋会引发很多环境岩土工程问题。考虑到填埋工程会进行分层碾压铺填,在标准击实试验的击实功下制备试样,通过污泥与垃圾土混合后的直接剪切试验、渗透特性试验,考虑淋滤液和降解产气压力共同影响,进行边坡稳定分析。结果表明：污泥和垃圾混合后的强度比垃圾土的强度低,比污泥的强度高,改善了污泥的强度特性;污泥掺入垃圾后的渗透系数与垃圾土的渗透系数相当,没有劣化垃圾土的渗透特性,但比污泥的渗透系数有显著提高;随着污泥掺量的增加,边坡安全系数会先提高后降低,因此,应结合试验和稳定计算结果,确定实际工程的污泥掺入比;考虑降解产气对边坡稳定的影响,安全系数会降低约15%～20%。 相似文献
18.
B. Indraratna 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1996,14(3):169-191
In Australia, colluvial soils form large terrains which are often subjected to considerable erosion and mass movement. This study presents a laboratory evaluation of the improvement effected by hydrated lime, milled blast furnace slag and fly ash on a fine grained (erosive) colluvial soil in New South Wales, Australia. Geotechnical tests were conducted to determine the compaction and consolidation characteristics and the compressive and shear strength properties of the blended and natural soil specimens. The effect of these additives on the Atterberg limits and pH levels is also investigated. As large amounts of fly ash and steel slag are produced in New South Wales, it is economically attractive to utilize these industrial by-products for ground improvement rather than employing conventional methods such as lime treatment. This study demonstrates that for the colluvial soil tested, milled slag is the most effective in terms of improving the internal friction angle of the treated soil, while lime is the most suitable for achieving the optimum compressive strength. Non-pozzolanic fly ash is found to be inappropriate as a soil improving agent. The cost of ground treatment using the various additives is also estimated and compared. 相似文献
19.
Jagadish Prasad Sahoo Pradip Kumar Pradhan 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2010,28(6):889-897
An experimental investigation was undertaken to study the effects of lime-stabilized soil-cushion on the strength behavior
of expansive soil. In the present investigation, a series of laboratory tests (Unconfined compression tests and CBR tests)
were conducted on both expansive soil alone and expansive soil cushioned with lime-stabilized non-expansive cohesive soil.
Lime contents of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% by dry weight of cohesive non-swelling soil was used in the stabilized soil cushion. Both
expansive soil and lime stabilized soil cushion were compacted to Standard Proctor’s optimum condition with thickness ratio
2:1. Tests on cushioned expansive soils were conducted at different curing and soaking periods i.e., 7, 14, 28 and 56 days.
The test results revealed that maximum increase in strength was achieved after 14 days of curing or soaking period with 8%
of lime content. 相似文献
20.
The quantity of the by-product olive cake residue generated in most parts of the Mediterranean countries continues to increase and expected to double in amount within 10–15 years. This increase intensifies the problems associated with the disposal of this by-product. Olive cake residue has a potential for use as a soil stabilizer and large volumes can be beneficially used. This study is directed toward determining if olive cake residue can be utilized to increase the strength and stability of expansive soils which constitute a costly natural hazard to lightweight structures on shallow foundations. A series of laboratory tests using engineering properties, such as Atterberg limits, moisture-density relationship (compaction), swell, unconfined compressive strength were undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness and performance of the olive cake residue as a soil stabilizer. Test results indicate that an addition of only 3% burned olive waste into the soil causes a reduction in plasticity, volume change and an increase in the unconfined compressive strength. However, it was observed that the presence of burned olive waste in the soil greater than 3% caused an increase in the compressibility and a decrease in the unconfined compressive strength. Test results indicate that the use of olive waste in soil stabilization gives greater benefits to the environment than simply disposing of the by-product, olive cake residue. 相似文献