共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
采用TCBS选择性培养基从厦门某鲍鱼养殖场的养殖水体中分离到19株细菌.经16S rDNA序列分析,所有菌株均属于弧菌属（Vibrio）,且与最近似的弧菌模式种的同源性都在98.99%以上.由于弧菌种间16S rDNA序列相似度极高,无法仅靠16S rDNA序列比对来鉴定这些菌株到种的水平.16S rDNA序列的系统发育分析也显示,大多数菌株与弧菌模式种无法归为一簇,表明16S rDNA基因在弧菌种的分类鉴定上分辨率不高.进一步采用基于4种看家基因（rpo A、pyr H、gap A和top A）的多位点序列分析技术（MLSA）对分离到的弧菌菌株进行分类鉴定,结果显示19株海洋弧菌归于溶藻弧菌（Vibrio alginalyticus）与魔鬼弧菌（Vibrio diabolicus）2个种,表明这两种弧菌是该鲍鱼养殖场水体环境中的优势弧菌种,在鲍鱼养殖弧菌病害防治方面需要重点关注.此外,看家基因与16S rDNA基因的多态性分析表明,4种看家基因的多态位点比率均高于16S rDNA.4种看家基因串联后的多态位点比率高达41.1%,远高于16S r DNA基因的13.4%,表明看家基因相较于16S rDNA基因有着更高的分辨率,更适合于海洋弧菌的分类鉴定. 相似文献
2.
ThreeSynechococcus strains were isolated from seawater near the Ieodo Ocean Research Station (IORS), and their 16S rDNA genes and the internal
transcribed spacer (ITS) between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes were sequenced to investigate their phylogenetic relationships.
Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rDNA and ITS sequences showed that they clustered in the main MC-ASynechococcus group (subcluster 5.1), but formed branches differentiating them from the described clades. As the IORS is located in an
area affected by diverse water masses, highSynechococcus diversity is expected in the area. Therefore, the IORS might be a good site to study the diversity, physiology, and distribution
of theSynechococcus group. Key words —Synechococcus, Phylogeney, 16S rRNA, ITS gene, Ieodo 相似文献
3.
Abstract. A two-year ecological study in the Oliveri-Tindari (Messina) brackish water ponds evaluated the quantitative and qualitative distribution of Vibrio species in relation to the physicochemical conditions of the ponds.
The evaluation of 204 samples shows a general relationship between the halophilic vibrios and water temperature. In particular this relationship is stronger for the Vibrio fraction able to grow at 37°C, i. e. , those species related to human infections. On the other hand, the halophilic vibrios show no relation with the index of fecal contamination.
The ecology of V. parahaemolyticus is discussed in relation to the salinity of Marinello pond.
The distribution of V. cholerae non O1, isolated from all ponds, shows that this microorganism can be considered as autochthonous in coastal environments. 相似文献
The evaluation of 204 samples shows a general relationship between the halophilic vibrios and water temperature. In particular this relationship is stronger for the Vibrio fraction able to grow at 37°C, i. e. , those species related to human infections. On the other hand, the halophilic vibrios show no relation with the index of fecal contamination.
The ecology of V. parahaemolyticus is discussed in relation to the salinity of Marinello pond.
The distribution of V. cholerae non O1, isolated from all ponds, shows that this microorganism can be considered as autochthonous in coastal environments. 相似文献
4.
针对长江口10个站位样品,采用HM培养基和ZMCA培养基分离培养耐(嗜)盐菌,通过PCR方法获取156株细菌的16S rDNA序列。其中,由HM培养基分离获得136株菌株,可划分为33个分类单元(OUT),分属α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria)、γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的芽孢杆菌纲(Bacilli)3个类群,其中γ-变形菌纲为优势耐(嗜)盐细菌;靠近海岸的站点M5-1,N6-2和M4-1耐(嗜)盐细菌均属于厚壁菌门,而远离海岸的站点耐(嗜)盐细菌均属于变形菌门。以ZMCA培养基分离获得的20株菌株分属α-变形菌纲和放线菌纲(Actinobacteria),可划分为10个OTU。由HM培养基分离获得的菌株中,70.5%属于耐盐菌,29.5%属于中度嗜盐菌;由ZMCA培养基分离获得的菌株均为耐盐菌。HM培养基分离得到的136株细菌的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐还原性分析表明,亚硝酸盐还原菌数量仅为硝酸盐还原菌的1/3左右。 相似文献
5.
Isolation and phylogenetic assignation of actinomycetes in the marine sediments from the Arctic Ocean 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Actinomycetes in five marine sediments collected from the Arctic Ocean at depths of 43 to 3 050 m were cultivated using a variety of media. A total of 61 actinomycete colonies with substrate mycelia only were observed, and no colonies with aerial mycelia were observed under aerobic conditions at 15 ℃. From these colonies, 28 were selected to represent different morphological types.Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to check the purity of isolates and select representatives for subsequent sequencing. Phylogentic analyses based on nearly full-length 16S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) sequences indicated that the actinomycetes isolated were accommodated within genus Rhodococcus of family Nocardiaceae, genus Dietzia of family Dietziaceae,genera Janibacter and Terrabacter of family Instrasporangiaceae and genera Kocuria and Arthrobacter of family Micrococcaceae. One of the strains (P27-24) from the deep-sea sediment at depth of 3 050 m was found to be identical in 16S rDNA sequence(1474/1474)with the radiation-resistant Kocuria rosea ATCC 187T isolated from air. More than halfofthe isolates showed the similarities ranging from 99.5% to 99.9% in 16S rDNA sequence to dibenzofran-degrading, butyl 2-ethylhexanoate-hydrolysising and nitrile-metabolizing actinomycetes. All the strains isolated were psychrotolerant bacteria and grew better on the media prepared with natural seawater than on the media prepared with deionized water. Three of them (Dietzia sp. P27-10, Rhodococcus sp. S11-3 and Rhodococcus sp.P11-5)had an obligate growth requirement for salt, confirming that these strains are indigenous marine actinomycetes. 相似文献
6.
GUPTA Pratibh BALAJI Raju PARANI M CHANDRA T S SHUKLA P KUMAR Anil BANDOPADHYAY Rajib 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(8):73-82
Fifty-seven bacteria were isolated from Southern Ocean(Indian sector) water samples which were collected from different latitude and longitude of the ocean. All the isolates were able to grow at 4°C, 20°C, 37°C and tolerable Na Cl concentration up to 13.5%(w/v). 29 out of 57 isolates were identified using 16 S rDNA amplification and the sequences were submitted to National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI). All the isolates were classified by using Ribosomal Database Project(RDP) and found that isolates belongs to Proteobacteria and Bacteriodes. The average G+C content was 56.4%. The isolates were screened for the presence of extracellular enzymes, viz. amylase, catalase, urease, esterase, lipase and protease. The disc diffusion method is used to screen antibiotic production by the isolates against four pathogenic bacteria, viz. Salmonella typhimurium(NCIM 2501),Staphylococcus aureus(NCIM 2122), Bacillus subtilis(NCIM 2193), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(NCIM 2036).Nine out of 29 were found to be antibiotic producer. 相似文献
7.
Abstract. Monthly changes in the community structure of hypoxic soft-bottom macrobenthos have been studied at a station at 34 m depth in Ancón Bay (Peru) before and during two El Niño (EN) events. Of these events, 1982-83 is considered the strongest, and 1991–93 one of the most prolonged in the 20th century. On the oceanographic scale, EN 1982–83 ranges as "very strong", whereas EN 1991–93 ranges as "moderate".
The thermal anomalies at the station during EN 1982–83 (+ 7.8 °C) were almost twice those of EN 1991–93 (+ 4.1 °C). However, the community changes were not in all cases proportional to the extent of warming. Species numbers increased in a similar way (up to 24 species from near zero in each of the two events), but maximum faunal density was five times higher, and mean biomass was twice as high in 1982–83 compared with the event a decade later. Species diversity was slightly higher during EN 1982–83, whereas successional and trophic changes occurred on a broader scale during EN 1991–93. On the whole, the impact of the long-lasting event on the small soft-bottom macrofauna was not much weaker than that of the exceptionally strong event.
The authors discuss the mechanisms which may be responsible for the differences and similarities encountered in the benthic community dynamics during these two events. Both in the unusually strong and the unusually long EN, the community revealed a pattern of early biological response several months ahead of the onset of local warming which marks the official begin of EN. The question is addressed to what extent the increase of certain parameters in the benthic community could be used for predictive purposes. 相似文献
The thermal anomalies at the station during EN 1982–83 (+ 7.8 °C) were almost twice those of EN 1991–93 (+ 4.1 °C). However, the community changes were not in all cases proportional to the extent of warming. Species numbers increased in a similar way (up to 24 species from near zero in each of the two events), but maximum faunal density was five times higher, and mean biomass was twice as high in 1982–83 compared with the event a decade later. Species diversity was slightly higher during EN 1982–83, whereas successional and trophic changes occurred on a broader scale during EN 1991–93. On the whole, the impact of the long-lasting event on the small soft-bottom macrofauna was not much weaker than that of the exceptionally strong event.
The authors discuss the mechanisms which may be responsible for the differences and similarities encountered in the benthic community dynamics during these two events. Both in the unusually strong and the unusually long EN, the community revealed a pattern of early biological response several months ahead of the onset of local warming which marks the official begin of EN. The question is addressed to what extent the increase of certain parameters in the benthic community could be used for predictive purposes. 相似文献
8.
PCR技术应用于环境监测具有快速、灵敏、准确、简便、特异性强等特点,被广泛应用于水体、气体和土壤的环境污染监测中。将此方法应用于海洋细菌监测中,从浙江南部沿海表层海水中分离到一林海洋细菌MZ0306A1,利用细菌通用引物对其16S rDNA进行扩增。琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测目的DNA片段约为1.5 kb。测序后将所测得的序列在NCBI网站中进行相似性搜索,得到该细菌的结果与Halomonas variabilis strain DSM 3051的相似性最高,为97%,故命名为嗜盐单胞菌属。该细菌的16S rDNA序列已经提交GenBank,序列收录号为EU124745。 相似文献
9.
青岛、威海水域夏冬季表层沉积物细菌多样性的初步研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以青岛、威海水域夏冬两季表层沉积物中的基因组DNA为模板,扩增沉积物样品中细菌的16S rDNA 片段,并构建其相应文库.进行16S rDNA序列分析,并与数据库中的序列进行比对.分析结果表明:2个站位沉积物样品细菌分别属于11个主要细菌门类,包括:变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、浮霉菌门(Plancomycene)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、硝化螺菌门(Nitrospirae)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobial)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、绿屈挠菌门(Chloroflexi)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、高G+C含量革兰氏阳性菌放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和低G+C含量革兰氏阳性菌梭菌门(Clostridiales).其中变形菌门是主要类群,且γ-变形菌纲(γ-Proteobacteria)占优势.与QD2站位相比,QD1站位沉积物细菌多样性随季节变化不大. 相似文献
10.
北部湾海域球形棕囊藻遗传多样性分析 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
南海北部湾海域近年来连年暴发球形棕囊藻赤潮，严重威胁近海生态安全，亟待探明赤潮成因。球形棕囊藻是一种广泛分布于温带至热带海域的有害藻华微藻，具有明显的种下遗传分化。为了解北部湾海域球形棕囊藻的遗传多样性及其对赤潮藻种来源的指示意义，本研究针对分离于北部湾海域赤潮发生期间的4株棕囊藻，以核糖体28S大亚基rRNA基因（28S rDNA）D1-D2区和转录间隔区（ITS区）为靶区构建克隆文库，通过测序分析了北部湾海域球形棕囊藻的遗传多样性。结果表明，从北部湾分离的4株棕囊藻均为球形棕囊藻，但不同年份分离的球形棕囊藻藻株之间存在明显的遗传差异。部分球形棕囊藻藻株（PG2015和PG2017）的不同克隆间也存在遗传差异，这种遗传差异在由单一藻细胞建立的克隆培养系中仍存在，表明遗传差异是来自细胞内多拷贝的基因序列，可能源自不同地理种群球形棕囊藻之间的基因交流。与ITS区相比，28S rDNA D1-D2区能更好地反映球形棕囊藻遗传多样性状况，具有作为分子标记指示球形棕囊藻地理种群的潜力，但仍需深入研究。研究结果深化了对北部湾球形棕囊藻遗传多样性的认识，有望为进一步解析北部湾海域球形棕囊藻赤潮原因种来源提供判据。 相似文献
11.
Abstract. Several species of cyanobacteria, diatoms and one euglenid alga populated the littoral zone of hypersaline solar ponds investigated over a period of three years. The composition of the microalgae community changed with salinity and temperature. In the shallow marginal zone the diatoms predominated in winter and spring, at salinities of 30–72 g-1-1 and at temperatures not exceeding 30o°C, whereas in summer, cyanobacteria were the most abundant. In the deeper zone, at higher salinities and temperatures, cyanobacteria predominated throughout the year. The depth limit of algal growth was 60-80cm, where salinity and temperature exceeded 211 g-1-1 and 48°C.
The most euryhaline and eurythermal among cyanobacteria were Aphanolhece halophytica F remy and Phormidium hypolimneticum C ampbell , among diatoms Nitzschia sp. aff. N. rostellata H ustedt , Amphora coffeaeformis (A gardh ) K utzing , and Navicula massadaea E hrlich . 相似文献
The most euryhaline and eurythermal among cyanobacteria were Aphanolhece halophytica F remy and Phormidium hypolimneticum C ampbell , among diatoms Nitzschia sp. aff. N. rostellata H ustedt , Amphora coffeaeformis (A gardh ) K utzing , and Navicula massadaea E hrlich . 相似文献
12.
M. Nagaraj 《Marine Ecology》1992,13(3):233-241
Abstract. Larval development of the crab Liocarcinus puber was studied from hatching to the megalopa stage under 12 different temperature and salinity combinations, 10°C, 15°C, and 20°C (T): 20, 25, 30, and 35% (S), with a view to establishing optimum conditions for zoeal development. High larval mortalities were recorded at 10°C in all the experimental salinities, indicating the sensitivity of the larvae to low temperatures. Highest zoeal survival was obtained in the higher salinity and temperature combinations. First zoeae completed their development in all T-S combinations tested, while successive stages showed increased sensitivity and suffered high mortalities in lower salinities at 15° and 20°C and in all salinities at 10°C. The duration of zoeal development decreased with increasing temperature, whilst the lower salinities delayed development. Q10 values did not differ much at higher salinities, with values ranging from 1.5 to 2.6. 相似文献
13.
烟台海域中度嗜盐菌分离、鉴定和系统进化研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究山东烟台海域中度嗜盐菌的分布情况及种群特征,从烟台近海盐场采集的土样和水样中利用高氏一号培养基分离得到22株中度嗜盐菌。通过菌落形态观察、生理生化特征分析比较,选取其中的9株进行16SrDNA序列分析和系统进化分析,结果表明这些中度嗜盐菌分别属于7个属:芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、枝芽孢杆菌属(Virgibacillus)、薄壁芽孢杆菌属(Gracilibacillus)、刘氏菌属(Liuella)、产微球茎菌属(Microbulbifer)、拟诺卡氏菌属(Nocardiopsis)和交替单胞菌属(Alteromonas),其中菌株YTM-8、YTM-12和YTM-13可能是潜在的新种。以上研究结果表明烟台海域中存在有较为丰富的嗜盐微生物多样性,并且潜藏着新类型的嗜盐菌资源。 相似文献
14.
应用分子系统发育学的方法,以蟹类18S rDNA和线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚单位Ⅰ(COⅠ)基因序列片段为分子标记,结合形态学特征对10种蟹类的分类地位进行探讨。实验共获得10 条18S rDNA序列,长度为1780~1787 bp,其中A、T, G,C平均含量分别为23.72%, 24.58%,24.52%和27.17%;通过序列对比,发现18S rDNA序列相对保守,只含有1个从88 bp 到130 bp 约 50 bp的高可变区;物种间碱基距离比较小,从0.001到0.017。18S rDNA系统发育树为方蟹总科、沙蟹总科和梭子蟹总科起源于同-海洋蟹类祖先提供了分于生物q证惦,开上火亚N内尔量分别为26.88%.弓蟹科。获得的5条CO Ⅰ基因序列,长度均为709 bp,A、T,G、C平均含量分别为26.88%,37.62%,17.50%和18.00%;COⅠ基因片段变异性高,物种间碱基距离从0.016到0.138。COⅠ基因系统发育树真实地反映了住属各物种之间的进化关系,和传统分类非常吻合,为形态特征相似的姆类鉴定提供了-种快速准确的方法。 相似文献
15.
Machiko Yamada Eri Katsuki Mayuko Otsubo Mayumi Kawaguchi Kazuhiko Ichimi Hideki Kaeriyama Kuninao Tada Paul J. Harrison 《Journal of Oceanography》2010,66(6):755-771
Seven Skeletonema species were identified at one station in the industrial harbor Dokai Bay, Japan, in October 2007 and then monthly from January
2008 to December 2009 by morphological scanning electron microscopy observations and molecular analyses of mainly the large
subunit (LSU) rDNA. We refer to one species identified as S. dohrnii using LSU rDNA, but as S. marinoi using the small subunit (SSU) rDNA and consequently we use the term S. marinoi-dohrnii complex. This is the first time that S. ardens, S. costatum s.s., and S. pseudocostatum have been recorded in Japan and that S. menzelii and S. tropicum have been identified by molecular methods in Japan. The S. marinoi-dohrnii complex was isolated with high frequency all year-round, and S. japonicum was also isolated with high frequency but not so in summer. S. Tropicum was isolated from September to December, but S. ardens and S. costatum s.s. were isolated only when the water temperature exceeded 20°C. S. pseudocostatum bloomed just once, in summer, but S. menzelii was isolated in May and again in October. The continuous year-round occurrence of S. costatum s.l. in the bay is supported by the succession of these seven species. Six of the species, except S. menzelii, were important components of algal blooms in the bay. One to four species of Skeletonema were isolated every month. Monthly species diversity was higher when S. ardens, S. costatum s.s., and S. tropicum that are usually associated with tropical or subtropical waters, were isolated. In general, species diversity of the genus
Skeletonema was very high in Dokai Bay. 相似文献
16.
A depth profile of bacterial community structure in one deep-sea sediment core of the western Pacific ＂warm pool＂ （WP） was investigated and compared with that in a sediment sample from the eastern Pacific （EP） by phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA fragments. Five bacterial 16S rDNA clone libraries were constructed, and 133 clones with different restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP） patterns were sequenced. A phylogenetic analysis of these sequences revealed that the bacterial diversity in a sample from the WP was more abundant than that in the EP sample. The bacterial population in the sediment core of WP was composed of eight major lineages of the domain bacteria. Among them the γ-Proteobacteria was the predominant and most diverse group in each section of WP sediment core, followed by the α-Proteobacteria. The genus Colwellia belonging to γ-Proteobacteria was predominant in this sample. The shift of bacterial communities among different sections of the WP sediment core was δ-, ε-Proteobacteria, and Cytopahga-Flexibacteria-Bacteroides （CFB） group. The ratios between them in the bacterial communities all showed inversely proportional to the depth of sediment. The sequences related to sulphate reducing bacteria （SRB） were detected in every section. The bacterial community structure in this sediment core might be related to the environmental characteristics of the surface seawater of the western Pacific WP. 相似文献
17.
18.
N. O. Chistyakova E. V. Ivanova B. Risebrobakken E. A. Ovsepyan Ya. S. Ovsepyan 《Oceanology》2010,50(4):573-581
Environmental changes in the surface and bottom water layers of the Ingøydjupet Basin and the history of the Atlantic Water inflow to the southwestern Barents Sea during the last 16 ka are reconstructed based on planktic and benthic foraminiferal assemblages. The multiproxy study of sediment cores PSh-5159R and PSh-5159N, including AMS 14C dating, provides a time resolution of about 200 years for the deglaciation, 100 years for the Holocene, and 25–50 years for the last 400 years. Stable polar conditions with the sea ice at the surface were typical for the Early Deglaciation period. Unstable bottom settings and the onset of ice rafting marked the Oldest Dryas. The cold Atlantic Water inflow increased notably during the Bölling-Alleröd interstadial nearby the site location and then decreased during the Younger Dryas. The initial Holocene was characterized by abrupt warming in bottom and surface water layers, especially ～9.7–7.6 ka BP. Stable conditions prevailed during the Middle Holocene. Remarkable changes in the sea-surface temperature and bottom environments occurred during the last 2.5 cal. ka BP. 相似文献
19.
在10℃恒温培养条件下,从第29次南极科学考察获得的南极深海沉积物样品中分离筛选到产脂肪酶细菌3株,产脂肪酶真菌1株,对其进行分子生物学鉴定,确定为假交替单胞菌属（Pseudoalteromonas arctica）、芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus pumilus）、Glaciecola sp.以及白冬孢酵母属（Leucosporidium sp.）.通过测定各酶的最适反应温度,获得产低温脂肪酶芽孢杆菌XZ18,该菌所产脂肪酶最适反应温度为30℃,在0℃仍有部分活性.从NaCl浓度和pH值2个条件对产酶条件进行研究,最终确定了该菌最适产酶NaCl浓度5.0%、最适产酶pH值为6,最高产酶量为4.65 U/cm3.通过PCR扩增,获得了脂肪酶全长序列,对该序列进行系统发育分析,发现该脂肪酶基因处于较独立的分支. 相似文献
20.
采用生态毒理学、表观分类学及分子生物学方法,对具白底板病典型症状濒死中华鳖内脏中分离获得的4株病原菌开展了以致病性、表型分析、分子鉴定及毒力基因检测为内容的实验研究,结果表明:(1)4株病原菌均具致病性,致死力由大到小依次为ZHYYZ-2、ZHYYZ-4、ZHYYZ-1、ZHYYZ-3;(2)4株病原菌均为呈短杆状、具溶血活性的革兰氏阴性细菌,VITEK2型全自动细菌鉴定与药敏系统和ATBExpression型细菌鉴定与药敏智能系统均显示为嗜水气单胞菌;(3)ZHYYZ-1、ZHYYZ-2、ZHYYZ-3、ZHYYZ-4的16SrDNA序列长度分别为1460、1464、1466、1461,经Blast同源性检索表明它们所扩增的16SrDNA序列与GenBank数据库中登记的71株嗜水气单胞菌的相似性均为99%;(4)经PCR特异性检测,各实验菌均含有Aha、AHH、AerA和OMP。根据4株实验菌的表型和分子生物学特征,判定它们均为气单胞菌属的致病性嗜水气单胞菌。 相似文献