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地震序列是对地震现象的回顾性描述,只有在地震序列结束后它才有可能被确切无疑地判定.鉴于龙门山断裂带或地震带的整体性、统一性和系统性,不可否认在其西南段发生的芦山地震是与汶川地震一样的同属于龙门山断裂带的事件.鉴于芦山地震的震源位置、震源机制、震级大小和破裂区覆盖的范围,目前可认为它是汶川地震迄今最大的余震.鉴于地震序列的判定是对地震现象的唯象的描述,有相当的任意性,对芦山地震究竟是"新的主震"还是"汶川余震"的"讨论"实质上是在根据经验判定地震的类型,即使目前看"主震说"提出的4条"论据"明显缺乏说服力,"余震说"比较有说服力,但最后都需要等到地震序列结束之后才有可能"定论".作者认为,相对于需要等到地震序列结束之后才能"定论"、甚而在地震序列结束之后未必能"定论"的芦山地震究竟是"新的主震"还是"汶川余震"问题,应当更为关注芦山地震的发生引出的一些重要的亟待研究的科学问题与防震减灾问题. 相似文献
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利用调制地震方法对华北地区１９７３年以来发生的２４个ＭＬ≥５．５地震前地震调制比、地震调制比异常面积、调制地震条带和调制地震频度的异常变化进行分析,对异常类型进行分类。分析结果认为,华北地区ＭＬ≥５．５地震前地震调制比和异常面积随时间进程的起伏、调制地震频度震前数月的突然增大以及调制地震条带异常图象是显著的异常变化,可以用于对中、强地震的中期预报。 相似文献
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利用地震预警系统对中国台湾地区地震进行速报,与传统地震告警软件对比后发现,预警系统能够在较短时间内得出地震三要素并告警,可为地震速报人员争取较长速报用时。总结了地震速报过程中需要注意的若干细节问题。 相似文献
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利用地震预警系统对中国台湾地区地震进行速报,与传统地震告警软件对比后发现,预警系统能够在较短时间内得出地震三要素并告警,可为地震速报人员争取较长速报用时.总结了地震速报过程中需要注意的若干细节问题. 相似文献
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随着社会及学科的发展,越来越多的地震知识应用于社会领域,对社会的发展具有极大的促进作用,为此有必要进一步探讨地震科学的影响。从地震预报、工程地震、震害预测、震灾评估、地震宣传和地震速报与应急等方面讨论了地震科学对社会发展的影响。结果表明,地震科学具有重要手社会价值和广泛的应用前景。在此基础上,提出应进一步加强地震震源、地球内部结构和地震预报等学科的研究,并展望了共应用前景。 相似文献
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从汶川地震到芦山地震 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
本文概述作者在龙门山断裂带中、小地震精确定位、地震活动性以及2008年汶川MW7.9(MS8.0)地震和2013年芦山MW6.7(MS7.0)地震破裂过程等方面所做的研究工作.这些工作表明,青藏高原东缘的龙门山断裂带不但是一条规模宏大的断裂带,也是一条非常活跃的地震带.通过对地震构造、地震活动性、地震矩释放"亏空"区以及余震活动规律的分析,作者在汶川地震后提出了龙门山断裂带西南段宝兴-小金一带存在发生MW6.7～7.3地震的潜在危险性的地震趋势估计.芦山地震的发生初步验证了这一估计.芦山地震发生后作者进一步做的分析结果表明,芦山地震的发生并没有显著地缓解龙门山断裂带西南段的地震危险性,该地段整体上仍存在发生MW7.2～7.3地震的潜在危险性;特别是,其北段(即邛崃大邑西-宝兴北-汶川南一带)存在发生MW6.8地震的潜在危险性;其南段(即天全-荥经-泸定-康定一带)存在发生MW7.2地震的潜在危险性.作者认为,应当强化对上述具有潜在地震危险性区域的监测与多学科综合研究. 相似文献
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从分析地震活动性参数变化特征的角度出发,结合实际的地震活动观测资料,对张北６．２级地震前河北省及邻区地震活动性参数的变化,地震序列的衰减特征进行了分析,结果表明张北６．２级地震前在震源区附近１００ｋｍ和大范围地震活动性参数有长、中、短期的异常变化。张北６．２级地震强余震前地震活动性参数有短、临变化。 相似文献
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YOSHITAKA HASHIMOTO MIO EIDA TAKAYUKI KIRIKAWA RYOKO IIDA MIE TAKAGI NORIKO FURUYA AKIRA NIKAIZO TAKETO KIKUCHI TOSHIO YOSHIMITSU 《Island Arc》2012,21(1):53-64
Studying subduction zone fluid at shallow seismogenic depths is important to understand the nature of fault rocks at the updip limit of the seismogenic zone because fluid–rock interactions affect heat and mass transfer, and fault strength. In this study, we conducted detailed analyses of distribution of shear veins, and estimation of pressure–temperature conditions for shear vein formation for the Yokonami mélange, Shikoku, Southwest Japan, which is tectonic mélange zone in an on‐land accretionary complex. We found a seismogenic fault at the upper boundary of the Yokonami mélange, indicating that the Yokonami mélange was active at seismogenic depth. The field‐transect distribution of shear veins was examined. The frequency, the total and mean thicknesses of the shear veins were about 3.7 per meter, about 10 mm per meter, and about 3 mm per shear vein, respectively. Quartz within the shear veins shows elongate‐blocky textures, suggesting precipitation from advective flow. The pressure and temperature conditions for shear vein formation were examined by fluid inclusion analysis, ranging 175–225°C and 143–215 MPa, respectively. The temperature is almost consistent with the paleotemperature determined from vitrinite reflectance, suggesting that the shear veins were formed at up to the maximum depth. The depth might be consistent with that where the seismogenic fault was formed. On the basis of the pressure and temperature conditions and the distribution of shear veins, we estimated the minimum volumetric ratio of fluid to host rocks, assuming that the shear veins had precipitated from advective flow. The estimated amount of fluid is about 106 m3 per cubic meter of host rocks. The results suggest that a large amount of fluid migrates through mélange zones at shallow seismogenic depths. This fluid possibly originates from the dehydration of clay minerals from underthrusted sediments and an altered subducting slab. 相似文献
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Carl Kisslinger 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1993,140(2):257-285
The data provided by local and regional seismograph networks are essential for the solution of many problems of subduction-zone seismology. The capabilities of such networks are limited by the instrumentation currently in common use and the unfavorable source-station geometry often imposed by the regional geography. Nevertheless, important contributions have come from the data gathered in many of the earth's subduction zones. The accuracy of hypocenter locations based on regional data is affected by the complex velocity structures characteristic of subduction zones, but the problems are now well-understood. Examples of numerous studies of the spatial configurations of the seismicity in subduction zones and consequent interpretations of seismogenesis and subduction processes are reviewed. Studies of the distributions of earthquakes in time and with magnitude, for events down to the microearthquake level, have the potential for clarifying the earthquake-generating processes and, possibly, a basis for earthquake prediction. Other uses of local and regional network data have been for investigations of coda-Q and the identification of asperities in subduction zones. 相似文献
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结合构造及磁化率各向异性研究详细解剖了秦祁接合带唐藏—关子镇—武山和新阳—元龙造山缝合带的应变及岩组特征.41个采点168个构造岩样品的平均磁化率全部较低,磁化率椭球形态分析表明其以平面和压扁应变为主,磁化率各向异性度普遍较高,属强变形岩石组构类型,结合野外观察认为其与变形强度明显正相关.此外,磁化率各向异性参数T、P′可能受岩石类型一定程度的影响.磁化率椭球主轴方位与变形密切相关,提供了丰富的岩组信息.两构造带具有类似的岩组特征,磁面理大致分为呈共轭形态的两组,暗示高应变剪切带在平面上可能以网格状形态出露;高倾伏角磁面理与占优势的低倾伏角、近水平磁线理表明了构造带明显的走滑特征,部分高角度磁线理可能与构造带的挤压和（或）转换挤压相关;磁组方法不能简单用于判别复杂强变形带的运动指向,糜棱面理的复杂变化及Kmin与构造带夹角过高使其判别结果意义不明,而野外及显微构造观察都表明了构造带的右行走滑特征.上述结果表明,沿缝合带大规模的右行转换挤压形成了秦祁接合带反“S”型的平面构造形态,暗示在南北板块拼合过程中,西秦岭诸中、小块体一定程度的向西挤逸. 相似文献
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西秦岭北缘断裂带的深部构造特征及其与地震活动的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
西秦岭北缘断裂带是中国的一条主要超壳断裂带，也是祁连褶皱系与秦岭褶皱系的分界断裂带。利用近几年取得的人工地震、重力、航磁、地热等资料，从地质和地球物理两个方面就该断裂及其两侧的深部构造特征作一初步分析并讨论了断裂带的最新活动及地震活动。 相似文献
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本文利用华北地区1999-2001年,2001-2004年,2004-2007年及2007-2009年四期GPS速度场资料,基于块体的整体旋转与均匀应变模型,分析了郯庐断裂带中南段的运动及变形特征。结果显示：潍坊—郯城段主要为右旋走滑的变形特征,而郯城—庐江段则为左旋滑动的变形特征,两段垂直断层方向上的变形表现为“张压交替”的特征。基于刚体运动模型,计算了扣除环渤海湾区域整体刚性运动的华北地区GPS速度场,并分析了环渤海湾区域块体的变形状态,结果显示环渤海区虽然各期的变形特征不同,特别是郯庐带附近,各期的运动特征差异较大,但基本可反映燕山—渤海地震带是运动特征差异的分界线,且每期郯庐带各站点的一致性运动明显。 相似文献
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Double-difference (DD) tomography is a generalization of DD location; it simultaneously solves for the three-dimensional velocity
structure and seismic event locations. DD tomography uses a combination of absolute and more accurate differential arrival
times and hierarchically determines the velocity structure from larger scale to smaller scale. This method is able to produce
more accurate event locations and velocity structure near the source region than standard tomography, which uses only absolute
arrival times. We conduct a stability and uncertainty analysis of DD tomography based on a synthetic data set. Currently three
versions of the DD tomography algorithms exist: tomoDD, tomoFDD and tomoADD. TomoDD assumes a flat earth model and uses a pseudo-bending ray-tracing algorithm to find rays between events and stations while
tomoFDD uses a finite-difference travel-time algorithm and the curvature of the Earth is considered. Both codes are based on a regularly
distributed inversion grid, with the former for a local scale and the latter for a regional scale. In contrast, tomoADD adapts the inversion mesh to match with the data distribution based on tetrahedral and Voronoi diagrams. We discuss examples
of applying DD tomography to characterize fault zone structure, image high-resolution structure of subduction zones, and determine
the velocity structure of volcanoes. 相似文献
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本文研究了１９４０－１９９０年间华北及邻地地区大于５．５有的地震与月相的对应关系。通过对本地区断裂带的分析，把地震划分为沿四个断层带发生，分断层带讨论与月相的关系。结果表明，有两个断层带的地震发生在朔望期的比率可达５７％－６０％。这个结果优于没有按断层带划分地震的结果。 相似文献
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Wang Ruobai 《中国地震研究》2005,19(3):327-337
INTRODUCTIONThe Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault zone has drawnextensive attentionfromseismologists and geologistssince it was determinedinthe1980’s(Zheng Binghua,et al.,1981).Ma Xingyuan,et al.(1989)consideredit asthe north boundaryof North China sub-block.Int… 相似文献