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采用作者研究的ＯＰ－ 乳化剂增敏姜黄素分光光度法测定海水中的溶解硼,用ＩＣＰ－ ＡＥＳ法测海水中的硼和锶。发现在珠江口海水盐度２．６８６ ～２５ ．７２２ ,氯度１ ．４４０ ～１４ ．１３６ 为０．２１５ ～０ ．２２９ｍｇ·ｋｇ－ １ ,平均值为０ ．２２４±０ ．００５ｍｇ·ｋｇ－ １ ｍｇ·ｋｇ－ １７ ．６４ ,Ｓｒ（ｍｇ·ｋｇ－ １）／Ｃｌ 比值为０．３８０ ～０ ．６６３,平均值为０ ．４０４ ±０ ．０１６ ,两者皆在大洋海水自然变动范围之内。珠江口海水中的硼和锶浓度与海水盐度或氯度均有很好的线性关系。珠江口外南海海水盐度３２ ．９２３ ～３３．４４６, 氯度１８ ．２４１ ～１８．５５８ ,Ｂ浓度为４ ．０２ ～４ ．２４ｍｇ·ｋｇ－ １ ,Ｓｒ 浓度为７．６４ ～７ ．７０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－ １ 。珠江口海水实验数据统计回归线与理论释线比较后表明,珠江口海水中硼与锶均具有良好的保守性质,珠江口海水中的硼和锶主要来自湾外海海水潮汐输入。 相似文献
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首次实验研究胶州湾海水中的硼,胶州湾表层海水中硼的浓度为３．２４ ～３ ．８７ｍｇｋｇ－ １ ,Ｂ／Ｃｉ比值为０ ．１８１ ～０．２１５ ,平均值为０ ．２０４ ±．０ ．００９ 。Ｂ／Ｓ比值为０ ．１００～０ ．１２０,平均值为０ ．１１３ ±０．００５。湾内硼的分布,低值区在李村河口沧口湾附近,而在湾的东西两侧、东北角及湾口区域海水中硼浓度则较高。湾内海水中的硼主要靠湾外海潮输入。因湾内无常年径流流入,盐度分布变化小,硼浓度随盐度及氯度变化不明显。相对于北黄海水,胶州湾海水硼平均迁出量８．６５％ ,胶州湾海水中的硼表现为非保守性质。 相似文献
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用磁力浮沉子密度测量装置,在１５ ～２５ ℃之间的三个温度下测定了杭州湾３０ 个水样的密度。结果表明,测定值皆高于相应条件下国际标准海水状态方程的计算值,在海水盐度范围５．５６～２６ ．４ ,密度平均偏差值为２８ ．２ ～１２０ ．５ ×１０－ ３ｋｇ／ｍ３ 。测定密度和计算密度的偏差随盐度的降低而增大,与盐度的变化成直线相关;与（Ｃａ２ ＋ ）／Ｓ和比碱度之间皆呈指数曲线相关。杭州湾海水枯水期和丰水期水样的（Ｃａ２ ＋ ）／Ｃｌ 比平均值分别超出大洋水平均值２８ ．８％ 和２０ ．６％ ;杭州湾海水枯水期和丰水期的比碱度平均值分别超出大洋水平均值６０ ．３ ％ 和３０２ ％ ;（Ｍｇ２ ＋ ）／Ｃｌ 比、枯水期水样ＳＯ２ －４ ／Ｃｌ 比及Ｓｒ２ ＋ ／Ｃｌ 比与大洋水平均值相同或相近,丰水期水样ＳＯ２ －４ ／Ｃｌ 高出大洋水平均值７ ．１ ％ ;结合主要离子在湾内平面分布图,得出杭州湾海水高的Ｃａ２ ＋ ／Ｃｌ 比、比碱度和ＳＯ２ －４ ／Ｃｌ 比,除了受江水输入影响以外,主要还是受湾北岸工业区废水排放的影响。并首次给出了杭州湾海水的密度公式。 相似文献
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伯劳特湾的表层海水中,２３９Ｐｕ的浓度为１３．０±２．８μＢｑ／ｄｍ３,与巴芬湾和拉布拉道海表层海水中的浓度基本相同。其中溶解２３９Ｐｕ的浓度为６．９３±１．８μＢｑ／ｄｍ３,占海水中２３９Ｐｕ总浓度的５３×１０－２;悬浮物中２３９Ｐｕ的浓度为６．０７±３．３μＢｑ／ｄｍ３,占总浓度的４７×１０－２。底层海水中２３９Ｐｕ的浓度为３１．７±４．７μＢｑ／ｄｍ３,２３８Ｐｕ的浓度为０．７８±０．７０μＢｑ／ｄｍ３,２３８Ｐｕ／２３９Ｐｕ的比值为０．０２４,这可能是表层沉积物重悬浮造成的。 相似文献
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海水中Sr同位素组成变化的环境意义与Sr同位素地层学 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
１海水中Ｓｒ同位素组成变化Ｓｒ是海水中的一种常量组分，现代海水中含量为７．９ｍｇ／ｋｇ，总量约为１．２１×１０１７ｍｏｌ。海水中Ｓｒ的主要来源包括以下几种：首要是河水来源，河水将其流域内岩石风化产生的大量溶解Ｓｒ２＋带入海水中，这一部分的Ｓｒ通量约为３．０×１０１０ｍｏｌ／ａ，Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ比值现代平均值为０．７１１；其次为海底水岩界面交换所带入，其中主要通过海底扩张导致热液输入以及海底玄武岩的风化作用而输入，这一部分Ｓｒ通量为１．２×１０１０ｍｏｌ／ａ，３７Ｓｒ／３６Ｓｒ平均为０．７０５；另外… 相似文献
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用磁化水培养等鞭藻3011的初步研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文主要报道不同磁场强度的磁化水对等鞭藻繁殖作用的影响。１材料和方法安排５组磁场强度，分别为０．０５，０．１，０．３，０．６，０．９Ｔ，一个对照组。５０００ｍｌ的三角烧瓶６个。对海水进行沉淀、沙滤、陶瓷过滤，经磁化水器后，即为磁化水（不煮沸），尔后加入营养盐ＮａＮＯ３６０ｍｇ；ＫＨ２ＰＯ４４ｍｇ；ＦｅＣ６Ｈ５Ｏ０．５ｍｇ；ＮａＳｉＯ３５ｍｇ；ＶＢ１１００ｕｇ；ＶＢ１２０．５ｕｇ；溶于１０００ｍｌ海水中煮沸。室温１５～１８．５℃，光照２４０～２１６０１Ｘ，每天２４ｈ，，培养期间每天搅瓶６次。每天上… 相似文献
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用磁力浮沉子密度测量装置,在１５ ～２５ ℃之间的三个温度下测定了珠江口２０ 个水样的密度。结果表明,测定值皆高于相应条件下国际标准海水状态方程的计算值,在海水盐度范围０．０８～３３ ．４４６ ,密度平均偏差范围为２ ．４ ～５４．０ ×１０ － ３ｋｇ／ｍ３ 。测定密度和计算密度的偏差随盐度的降低而增大,与盐度的变化成直线相关：与（Ｃａ２ ＋ ）／Ｓ、ＳＯ４２ － ／Ｓ比和比碱度之间皆呈指数曲线相关。珠江口水样（Ｃａ２ ＋ ）／Ｃ１ 、ＳＯ４２ － ／Ｃ１ 和比碱度平均值分别超出大洋水平均值１７ ．８ ％ 、８ ．２１ ％ 和１５２ ％ ,其余的Ｎａ ＋ ／Ｃ１、Ｋ＋ ／Ｃ１ 和Ｓｒ２ ＋ ／Ｃ１ 比值与大洋水无明显差别,基本类同。珠江口海水的高碱度、高（Ｃａ２ ＋ ）／Ｃ１ 和高ＳＯ４２ － ／Ｃ１ 是造成其海水密度正偏差的主要因素。经计算机拟合,首次导出了珠江口海水密度的状态方程,该方程计算值与实验值的平均标准偏差为±２．５×１０－ ３ｋｇ／ｍ３ 。 相似文献
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提出用氧瓶燃烧－光度法来测定有机物中硫含量的定量分析方法，在低硫酸根浓度范围内（４～２５ｍｇ／ｌ），在浓碱条件下ＭＴＢ（甲基百里酚蓝）的吸光度与硫酸根浓度在４６０ｎｍ波长处呈正相关，而在６００ｎｍ（或６１０ｎｍ）处Ｂａ－ＭＴＢ络合物的吸光度与硫酸根浓度呈负相关。该方法标准偏差低于０．５ｍｇ，／ｌ．变异系数低于３％，回收率为９５－１０７％。 相似文献
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Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations. 相似文献