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南秦岭北缘镇安盆地晚泥盆世浊积岩系及盆地发展 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
南秦岭北部山阳断裂和板岩镇断裂之间的镇安盆地在晚泥盆世发育一套浊流沉积。通过对这套浊积岩系内部岩相，相组合，古流向等详细研究，结果证明其内部由斜坡沉积、水道天然堤沉积，舌状体沉积以及盆地平原等单元组成，然而它们的空间组合及内部特征并不代表一个典型的水下扇沉积体系。而是反映一个由线状物源供给的缓坡型浊积岩体系。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长7段为湖盆环境,盆地深湖区以深湖泥岩沉积为背景,普遍发育浊流沉积,沉积范围广、厚度大,近源的先天优势使其成为油气充注的最先储集单元。弄清浊积扇的沉积特征及不同微相形成的砂体对油气聚集具有重要意义。通过野外剖面分析与岩心观察统计,对浊积扇微相进行精细划分,明确浊积岩的形状、展布与沉积特征。根据前人研究成果,将有固定补给水道的浊积扇和无固定补给水道的浊积扇划分为坡移浊积扇和滑塌浊积扇。通过单砂体厚度、浊积岩类型与发育位置的不同,将坡移浊积扇划分为内扇、中扇、外扇3个亚相和主沟道、溢岸沉积等6个微相;滑塌浊积扇相划分出中心扇和边缘扇2个亚相。浊积扇微相的划分及其成因的讨论能够指导测井对有利砂体的解释,区分不同的油气储集体,为寻找有利油气储层的分布提供依据。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组浊积岩体系及油气勘探意义 总被引：48，自引：1，他引：48
鄂尔多斯盆地南部的浊积岩体系主要发育于三叠系延长组长7、长6油层组。按其沉积特征可分为坡移浊积扇和滑塌浊积扇,前者相带发育相对齐全,垂向上多期互相叠加,可划分为:斜坡—槽道—内扇相、辫状水道、辫状水道间、辫状水道前缘—中扇相、外扇相和盆地平原相,后者多呈透镜状夹于较深湖亚相的深灰色泥岩中,相带分异不明显,仅可分为中心相和边缘相。两类浊积扇主要分布在近源斜坡带及远源末梢斜坡带。滑塌浊积岩主要由阵发性的偶然因素诱发而成,规模相对较小,储集物性较差;而坡移浊积扇则与地形坡度的有利配置和较稳定的物源补给有关,其沉积厚度大,分布广,储集物性好,是深湖区岩性油藏勘探的主要目标。 相似文献
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内蒙古桌子山中奥陶统的“特殊”浊积岩系 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
内蒙古桌子山中奥陶统拉什仲组是由鲍马层序清晰的多层浊积岩组成的浊积岩系,然而其沉积序列总厚度以及浊积岩内部特征等诸多方面,又与那些形成于不稳定或次稳定型外陆架边缘直至深海盆内的巨厚浊积岩系有着明显的差异,因此将拉什仲组以“特殊”浊积岩系称之。文中在对这两种浊积岩系进行多方面的对比研究后,进而从沉积相、相组合、浊流的古流向以及遗迹化石群落的生态特征等方面,阐述了形成拉什仲组浊流盆地的特征,并认为:充填这套“特殊”浊积岩系的海盆是位于稳定地块之间、盆地地形简单、坡度不大、海水深度在浪基面以下200m左右、含氧量较充足的深水浊流盆地。 相似文献
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几种常见震积岩相标志在模拟实验中的识别 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
震积岩相标志是识别震积岩的最有效依据。在对震浊积岩形成过程的水槽模拟实验中,发现了同沉积断裂、微褶皱纹理、液化砂岩脉、液化均一层、同沉积变形构造、震浊积岩等典型的软沉积物震积岩相标志,他们形成于地震作用的不同阶段,有规律的分布在三角洲—震浊积岩体系之中。同时,模拟实验中也发现了一些与震积岩相标志易混淆的其他成因相标志,因此在分析过程中应该充分考虑各种相标志的组合特征、与沉积环境的配置关系以及区域的构造背景等。依据模拟实验得出的震积岩相标志分布模式,通过相标志类型和组合特征分析,可进行震浊积体发育区带预测,指导断陷盆地隐蔽油气藏勘探。 相似文献
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南秦岭横丹浊积岩系是一套巨厚的浊流沉积,以向南或南东倾的单斜构造产出.由下而上,该沉积层序包括深水盆地、深水浊积扇和斜坡水道3个相序.相应地,沉积物粒度变粗,厚度变大,火山质组分含量增加,凝灰层大量发育,表明横丹浊积岩系为活动型浊积岩;其古水流方向为NNW-NNE向,物源区为南侧的碧口火山岩系.另外,横丹浊积岩系内还见石英岩、重结晶大理岩成分的砾石,说明其物源还包括被动陆缘环境的沉积物.相序、组构、沉积特征和物源区综合分析表明,横丹浊积岩系为弧前盆地充填物.构筑这一弧前盆地的动力学机制是洋壳板块向南俯冲于扬子板块被动陆缘之下,时代可能晚于中晚泥盆世. 相似文献
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南秦岭横丹浊积岩系是一套巨厚的浊流沉积,以向南或南东倾的单斜构造产出。由下而上,该沉积层序包括深水盆地、深水浊积扇和斜坡水道3个相序。相应地,沉积物粒度变粗,厚度变大,火山质组分含量增加,凝灰层大量发育,表明横丹浊积岩系为活动型浊积岩;其古水流方向为NNW—NNE向,物源区为南侧的碧口火山岩系。另外,横丹浊积岩系内还见石英岩、重结晶大理岩成分的砾石,说明其物源还包括被动陆缘环境的沉积物。相序、组构、沉积特征和物源区综合分析表明,横丹浊积岩系为弧前盆地充填物。构筑这一弧前盆地的动力学机制是洋壳板块向南俯冲于扬子板块被动陆缘之下,时代可能晚于中晚泥盆世。 相似文献
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在陆相断陷盆地内,湖平面变化、构造作用等外部因素对浊积扇体的形成与演化有明显的控制作用。以东营凹陷南斜坡王58地区沙四上浊积扇为例,分析了湖平面变化对浊积扇发育的控制作用。湖平面变化控制了沉积物供给,从而控制了扇体的发育期次。研究区纯上4砂组沉积时期,湖平面相对较低,研究区浊积扇体并不发育;浊积扇体发育在纯上2、3砂组沉积时期;纯上1砂组沉积时期,湖平面上升,研究区不再发育浊积扇。海平面变化控制了沉积物供给,控制了浊积扇体的发育类型。在纯上3砂组沉积时期,水体较浅,发育带水道的浊积扇;在纯上2砂组沉积时期,湖水较深,发育无水道的滑塌浊积扇。总之,随着湖平面的变化,王58地区沙四上浊积扇经历了从出现、发展直到消亡的整个过程,并且随着湖平面的变化,扇体由带水道的浊积扇体向元水道的滑塌浊积扇体转变。 相似文献
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巴颜喀拉三叠纪沉积盆地岩相与古地理——以阿坝-若尔盖盆地为例 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
以阿坝－若尔盖盆地岩相与古地理研究为例,并结合区域上有关资料,认为巴颜喀拉三叠纪沉积盆地发育有世界上罕见的巨型浊流沉积,主要由一套大陆斜坡浊积扇相组合与深海盆地相组合等构成,而斜坡浊积扇,深海盆地的形成一发展和海平面的下降期与上升存在着对应关系,发育一系列叠复的浊积扇舌状体;浊流沉积物在陆源碎屑为主,伴有火山物质和碳酸盐岩的混合源型,物源主要来自北西侧与北侧的浅变质岩区;盆地属多阶段、多物源,不同 相似文献
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P. A. RUIZ-ORTIZ 《Sedimentology》1983,30(1):33-48
ABSTRACT The middle member of the Loma del Toril formation (Kimmeridgian-Lower Tithonian, Intermediate units, Betic Cordillera) consists of up to 250 m of resedimented carbonate material. Three units have been distinguished. The lower, Unit A, is composed of conglomerates that are interpreted as deposited in a major valley on the lower slope of a basin margin. Unit B, calcarenites with some conglomerate intercalation, is interpreted as distributary channel deposits and Unit C, calcarenites, as the result of poorly developed depositional lobes of a submarine fan. The three units form a recessional sequence. They cannot be related to a transgression because the Kimmeridgian-Lower Tithonian in the Prebetic zone, where epicontinental sediments exist, is clearly regressive. The upper member of the Loma del Toril formation, made up of pelagic limestones with sporadic calcarenites or even thin conglomerate intercalations, is best interpreted as a basin plain facies. Lateral facies relationships suggest that down-faulting of the basin floor controlled the development of the fan. The scarce occurrence of turbidite beds in the basin plain facies, the prevailing channelized facies and the obvious lack of overbank deposits, suggest a transport system of low efficiency, with fan deposition at the base of slope. The underlying Jurassic strata cropping out along fault scarps, coeval carbonate shelf material, and upper slope deposits were the main sources of turbiditic resediments. With respect to basin morphology sedimentary processes and fan geometry, this Jurassic turbidite basin can be compared with the modern California continental borderland. Ancient analogues have been described by Reinhart (1977) and Price (1977). 相似文献
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尼日尔三角洲深水区层序地层及地震相研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
中新世至上新世,研究区发育深海平原和陆坡坡脚沉积。缺少反映海平面变化的上超特征和削截现象,很难利用地震反射终止类型（上超、顶超、削截）进行层序界面识别。文中利用深水区沉积旋回的地震相特征差异进行层序界面识别,并建立了研究区层序演化模式:低位体系域发育重力流沉积（块状搬运复合体、浊积扇）———海侵高位体系域深海泥质发育。以层序为格架进行地震相和沉积相在时间和空间分布特征分析。研究区识别出两类叠加地 震相样式:杂乱反射块状搬运复合体———丘形水道—堤岸复合体（浊积扇）———平行反射深海泥质沉积;丘形水道—堤岸复合体（浊积扇）———平行反射深海泥质沉积。 相似文献
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Hyperpycnal-fed turbidite lobe architecture and recent sedimentary processes: A case study from the Al Batha turbidite system, Oman margin 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
J. Bourget S. Zaragosi J.-L. Schneider A. Van Toer N. Ellouz-Zimmermann 《Sedimentary Geology》2010,229(3):144-159
The main sediment depocenter along the Oman margin is the Al Batha turbidite system that develops in the Gulf of Oman basin. It is directly connected to the wadi Al Batha, and forms a typical sand and mud rich point source system that acts as regional sediment conduit and feeds a ~ 1000 km2 sandy lobe.The Al Batha lobe depositional architecture has been investigated in detail using very high-resolution seismic, multibeam echosounder data and sediment cores. Several scales of depositional architecture can be observed. The Al Batha lobe is composed of several depositional units, made of stacked elementary sediment bodies (thinner than 5 m) that are each related to a single flow event. The lobe is connected to the feeder system through a channel-lobe transition zone (CLTZ) that extends on more than 25 km. The lobe can be divided into proximal, middle and distal lobe areas. The proximal lobe is an area of erosion and by-pass with small axial feeder channels that rapidly splay into several small distributaries. They disappear in the mid-lobe area where deposits consist of vertically stacked tabular to lens-shaped sediment bodies, with a lateral continuity that can exceed 10 km. The distal lobe fringe shows a classical facies transition towards thin-bedded basin plain deposits.Sub-surface deposits consist of sandy turbidites and hyperpycnites, interbedded with fine-grained deposits (thin turbidites, hyperpycnites, or hemipelagites). Although these distal deposits are mainly related to flow transformations and concentration evolution, they highlight the importance of flooding of the wadi Al Batha on the sediment transfer to the deep basin. The thick sandy hyperpycnites recovered in such a distal area are also possibly related to the initial properties of gravity flows, in relation to the flooding characteristics of mountainous desert streams.Finally, the Al Batha lobe depositional architecture is typical of sand-rich lobes found within “small”, sand and mud rich turbidite systems fed by mountainous “dirty” rivers. Turbidite sedimentation in the Al Batha system appears to be primarily controlled by the strong climatic and geomorphic forcing parameters (i.e. semi-arid environment with ephemeral, mountainous rivers subjected to flash-flooding). 相似文献
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闽西南地区早三叠世溪口组浊流沉积 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
闽西南地区的早三叠世溪口组主要由深水浊流沉积组成，可以识别出５个相类型:砾岩相、砂岩相、砂岩－泥岩相、粉砂岩－泥岩相、具粒序的粉砂质泥岩相。它们可组成５个相组合，分别形成于浊积扇的上扇、中扇和下扇环境。相组合的空间展布、古水流以及遗迹化石的分布均一致表明，当时的大陆坡倾向南东。砂岩的地球化学成分反映其构造背景为被动大陆边缘. 相似文献
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The Maesan fan-delta-fed slope system in the Miocene Pohang Basin occurs between two Gilbert-type fan deltas. Detailed analysis of sedimentary facies and bed geometry reveals that the sequence is represented by 13 sedimentary facies. These facies can be organized into three facies associations, representing distinct depositional environments: alluvial fan (facies association I), steep-faced slope (facies association II), and basin plain (facies association III). Subaerial debris flows and dense, inertia-dominated currents were transformed into subaqueous sediment gravity flows in steep-faced slope environments. Further downslope, these flows were channelized and formed lobate conglomerate and sandstone bodies at the terminal edge of the channels (or chutes). Interchannel and interlobe areas were dominated by homogeneous mudstone and muddy sandstone, deposited by suspension settling of fine-grained materials. Part of the steep-faced slope deposits experienced large-scale slides and slumps. The chutes/channels, lobes and splays on the steep-faced slope of the Maesan system are similar to those in modern subaqueous coarse-grained fan-delta systems. 相似文献
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新疆塔里木板块西北缘早二叠世深水遗迹化石的发现及意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
《沉积学报》2000,18(4)
在新疆塔里木板块西北缘下二叠统比尤勒提群中部首次发现了大量深水遗迹化石,主要包括Glockeria Ksiazkiewicz 1968,Helminthoida sp., Megagrapton sp., Paleodictyon sp., Paleodictyon (Glenodictyum) Croaticum Ulchman 1995, Planolites sp., Protopaleodictyon sp., Scalarituba missouriensis Weller 1899, Spirophycus sp.等,代表典型深海环境的Nereites遗迹相。根据对温古尔剖面的研究,比尤勒提群下部为浅海陆棚相砂泥质灰岩、粉砂质泥岩、粉砂岩、泥晶灰岩等;而含丰富遗迹化石的比尤勒提群中部为一套深海海底扇沉积的浊积岩系夹少量硅质岩,并且在浊积扇的不同位置所产遗迹组合类型也明显不同,扇根以觅食迹为主,含大量穿相分子,扇中开始出现牧食迹,扇梢则出现特征的耕作迹;比尤勒提群上部为浅海陆棚－滨海相沉积的硅质灰岩、泥晶灰岩和砂质灰岩及粉砂质泥岩、钙质砂岩等。该套遗迹化石组合与深海浊积事件密切相关,同时表明塔里木板块西北缘早二叠世时期存在一个陆棚浅海－深海盆地沉积环境,晚二叠世时期海水向西退去形成陆相沉积。 相似文献
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The Lower Carboniferous Moravian–Silesian Culm Basin (MSCB) represents the easternmost part of the Rhenohercynian system of collision-related, deep-water foreland basins (Culm facies). The Upper Viséan Moravice Formation (MF) of the MSCB shows a distinct cyclic stratigraphic arrangement. Two major asymmetric megacycles bounded by basal sequence boundary, each about 500 to 900 m thick, have been revealed. The megacycles start with 50- to 250-m-thick, basal segments of erosive channels: overbank successions and slope apron deposits interpreted as lowstand turbidite systems. Up-section they pass into hundred metre-thick, fine-grained, low-efficiency turbidite systems. Palaeocurrent data show two prominent directions, basin axis-parallel, SSW–NNE directions, which are abundant in the whole MF, and basin axis-perpendicular to oblique, W–E to NW–SE directions, which tend to be confined to the basal parts of the megacycles or channel-lobe transition systems in their upper parts. Based on the facies characteristics, palaeocurrent data, sandstone composition data and trace-fossil distribution data, we suggest a combined tectonics–sediment supply-driven model for the MF basin fill. Periods of increased tectonic activity resulted in slope oversteepening probably combined with increased rate of lateral W–E sediment supply into the basin, producing the basal sequence boundary and the subsequent lowstand turbidite systems. During subsequent periods of tectonic quiescence, the system was filled mainly from a distant southern point source, producing the thick, low efficiency turbidite systems. Consistently with the previous models, our own sediment composition data indicate a progressively increasing sediment input from high-grade metamorphic and magmatic sources up-section, most probably related to an uplift in the source area and progressive unroofing of its structurally deeper crustal parts. The first occurrence of the Cruziana–Nereites ichnofacies in sand-rich turbidite systems in the youngest parts of the MF (Goel to Gospi Zone), supported by rapidly increasing quartz concentrations in sandstones, is thought to indicate a transition from generally underfilled to generally overfilled phase in evolution of the MSCB basin. This transition may be linked to the onset of Upper Viséan phase of northward basin-fill progradation assumed by previous authors. 相似文献
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通过野外地质剖面实测识别了额里图牧场额里图组各层岩性特征,利用马尔可夫链分析方法分析该剖面下岩段地层的沉积旋回,综合地质基础资料,进一步分析了沉积环境.结果识别出一个以砂岩-粉砂质泥岩-粉砂岩-泥岩为特征和一个以砂岩-灰岩-泥岩为特征的两个岩性旋回,分别代表浅海陆棚-深水浊积岩相序和陆棚浅海礁滩相沉积.结合剖面分别划分出陆棚、斜坡和盆地（海槽）3个相,进一步识别出潮坪滩相、滩前斜坡相、浊积滩坝相、滩相、斜坡盆地相、缓坡相、深水海槽相和礁滩相等亚相.整个剖面由两次海侵半旋回和一次完整的海侵海退旋回组成.研究认为古亚洲洋的最终闭合时限应该在额里图组时期之后. 相似文献