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1.
黑鳞云母花岗质岩浆的结晶分异及钠长花岗质岩浆的形成 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以含F、过铝质、K_2O>Na_2O为特征的浅色黑鳞云母花岗岩为初始物,在P=150MPa,T=850～650℃和H_2O不饱和条件下进行熔化-结晶分异实验,结果表明:首先晶出的是石英和富钾碱性长石;随结晶温度下降和结晶相含量的增加,残余熔体中挥发份F及Na_2O、Al_2O_3含量逐渐增加,SiO_2、K_2O、CaO含量减少,显示含F浅色花岗质熔体具有向贫硅富钠的富氟钠长花岗质熔体组成演化的趋势;700℃开始,残余熔体具有天然富氟钠长花岗岩的组成特征:富Na_2O(Na_2O>K_2O)、Al_2O_3(>16％)和F(>1.5％)。上述残余熔体组成的演化特征与自然界从含氟黑鳞云母花岗岩到富氟钠长花岗岩的组成变化规律是一致的,充分证明了在本文的实验条件下,含氟黑鳞云母花岗岩能够经结晶分异演化出富氟钠长花岗岩熔体。 相似文献
2.
新疆东准噶尔黄羊山碱性花岗岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石成因 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里构造带分布有多种类型花岗岩,主要包括花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、碱长花岗岩和碱性花岗岩.对其中最大的碱性花岗岩体(黄羊山岩体)进行定年和地球化学组成研究,结果显示,岩体的年龄约为305 Ma,岩石富含钠质角闪石(钠闪石、钠铁闪石)和少量霓石,具低铝、富碱、贫钙镁及低铁的主量元素特征,其微量元素明显富集Rb、Th等大离子亲石元素和Zr、Hf等高场强元素而强烈亏损元素Ba、Sr、Eu,稀土元素配分模式呈典型的平坦‘V'字型.这些矿物学和地球化学组成特征表明黄羊山碱性花岗岩属于典型的A型花岗岩.认为幔源岩浆高度分异、麻粒岩相残留岩及I型英云闪长质-花岗闪长质岩石部分熔融等A型花岗岩成岩模式不能解释黄羊山碱性花岗岩的成因.根据岩石的εNd(t)= 5.9～ 6.5,比当时洋壳的εNd(t)值低3～4个ε单位,认为形成该岩体的岩浆可能来源于花岗闪长质岩浆的分异结晶,而花岗闪长质岩浆则主要是玄武质洋壳和少量大洋沉积物(约5%)部分熔融的产物. 相似文献
3.
花岗质熔体中SnO2含量与结晶温度和时间的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
锡石在花岗质熔体中的溶解度，是阐明花岗岩全岩型锡矿成因的关键。文章设计了以结晶温度和结晶时间为参数的两组熔化-结晶实验。试图模拟锡石在岩浆结晶分异过程中的动态变化，并在花岗岩-HF-H2O体系的高温高压实验结果基础上，讨论花岗岩质熔体中SnO2含量与结晶温度和时间的关系。实验结果表明：（1）在岩浆条件下可以形成锡石；（2）随着结晶温度的降低和时间的加长，熔体中SnO2含量先升高后降低，表明其经历了由不饱和到过饱和，进而结晶出锡石的动态过程。 相似文献
4.
新疆东准噶尔地区发育大面积的后碰撞花岗岩,依据其地球化学特征可以分为Ⅰ型花岗岩和A型花岗岩.为了探讨这些花岗岩的成因,我们以研究区内卡拉麦里蛇绿岩套基性岩(蚀变玄武岩、辉长岩)和代表沉积物的东准噶尔泥质岩的混合物(基性岩:泥质岩质量比9:1)为初始物,开展了高温高压条件下的部分熔融实验研究.结果 表明,90％蚀变玄武岩+10％沉积物的混合物在925℃、1.0 GPa、加水量0％～4％条件下部分熔融形成了准铝质花岗闪长质熔体,与熔体共存的矿物主要为角闪石,熔体具有低SiO2、A/CNK,高A12O3、FeO*、CaO的特征,在成分上与研究区内后碰撞Ⅰ型花岗岩类似;而90％辉长岩+10％沉积物的混合物在相同条件下加水量2％～4％部分熔融形成了弱过铝质英云闪长质熔体,与熔体共存的矿物相为角闪石,熔体具有低SiO2,高A12O3、FeO*、CaO、A/CNK的特征,与研究区内后碰撞Ⅰ型花岗岩存在着明显的差异.因此,东准噶尔地区Ⅰ型花岗岩岩浆可能是蚀变玄武岩加沉积物在上述实验条件下部分熔融所形成,而高SiO2含量的A型花岗岩岩浆不能在上述实验条件下通过部分熔融形成. 相似文献
5.
阿日特克山铜钼矿床位于青海柴北缘成矿带中北部,为宗务隆构造带新发现的矽卡岩型-斑岩型矿床,矿床隐伏斑岩体中广泛发育黑云母,部分地段还发育角闪石。文章在野外地质工作的基础上,对花岗闪长（斑）岩进行了详细的岩相学研究和黑云母、角闪石成分的电子探针原位分析,初步探讨了成岩过程中的物理化学条件、成岩物质来源及其对成岩成矿的指示作用。电子探针结果显示,花岗闪长（斑）岩中黑云母主要为镁质黑云母,具有高Mg、Ti、K、Fe,低Ca、Na的特点;角闪石为镁质普通角闪石,表现为富Si、Mg、Ca,低Ti、Na、K的特征。黑云母和角闪石温度计算结果显示,花岗闪长（斑）岩中黑云母结晶温度为632～736℃（平均696℃）,角闪石结晶温度为737～764℃（平均749℃）;在黑云母和角闪石同时存在的花岗闪长岩中计算的岩体侵位压力为81～180 MPa,深度为3.07～6.82 km,为中深成斑岩体。黑云母和角闪石矿物化学特征指示花岗闪长（斑）岩属于钙碱性岩系I型花岗岩,具有壳幔混源的特征。岩体中黑云母、角闪石具有较高的结晶温度,其结晶的岩浆具有高的氧逸度及水含量,显示良好的成矿性,指示该地区具有寻找大型斑岩矿... 相似文献
6.
佛冈花岗杂岩体是南岭地区最大的晚中生代岩基,乌石闪长岩角闪辉长岩是佛冈钙碱性系列花岗岩中最基性的端员。乌石闪长岩角闪辉长岩和周围佛冈黑云母花岗岩、含角闪石花岗闪长岩同属于高钾钙碱性系列岩石。本文系统地总结并对比了多种角闪石压力计和角闪石斜长石温度计,针对中酸性钙碱性岩浆,提出了改进的角闪石Al_Ti温压曲线格子,并将其运用到乌石闪长岩角闪辉长岩的结晶条件估算中。估算结果显示,乌石闪长岩角闪辉长岩中角闪石结晶温度为82 0±2 0℃,压力为70～130MPa,XH2 O为0 .7±0 .1,其结晶条件代表岩体侵位时的物理环境。花岗闪长岩中的角闪石结晶温度约为82 0℃,压力约为2 6 0MPa ,是在较深的岩浆房中结晶的。 相似文献
7.
钠长花岗岩—H2O—HF体系中流体／熔体间氟的分配实验研究 总被引：16，自引：4，他引：12
在ｐ＝１００Ｍｐａ,在７７０℃≤ｔ≤８００℃和ＷＦ＝２％－６％条件下进行了钠长花岗岩－Ｈ２Ｏ－ＨＦ体系液相线附近线体／熔体间氟的分配实验。对淬火玻璃的主要元素和氟含量进行了电子探针测定。用质量平衡法计算了流体中的氟含量,所获得的氟的流体／熔体分配系数ＤＦ均不盱１．０随体系氟含量的增加ＤＦ有所增大,表明在花岗岩岩浆一热液体系,氟优先进入熔体相,含氟花岗岗岩结晶晚期流体释放阶段残余熔体仍保保持富氟特征 相似文献
8.
通过考察I型花岗岩产生后保留的残留物的可能矿物含量和地球化学评价了A型花岗岩形成的残留源区模式，虽然这个模式可以解释A型花岗岩的一些特征，但是有用的资料说明残留源岩不可能产生合适主要元素特征的部分熔融体。一些A型花岗岩起源的另一个可选择的模式是英云闪长质和花岗闪长质成分的地壳火成岩部分熔融。这些源岩部分熔融的模拟结果表明，满足A型花岗岩水含量的部分熔融体可能由15％到40％熔融作用产生。这个模式可以预测A型花岗岩的其它特征。 相似文献
9.
安徽高家塝钨钼矿床花岗闪长质侵入岩岩浆起源和演化及其对成矿能力的约束 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
安徽高家塝钨钼矿床位于江南过渡带,为一大型斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床,矿体赋存于小型花岗闪长斑岩体及其内外接触带中,紧邻的大型花岗闪长岩体中未见矿化。为查明制约两者成矿能力差异的原因,本文从岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、黑云母矿物化学、岩石地球化学等方面分别对矿区两个花岗闪长质侵入岩体开展了系统的对比研究。结果表明,花岗闪长斑岩成岩年龄为145. 1±2. 1Ma～144. 9±2. 2Ma,花岗闪长岩为142. 5±1. 8Ma～141. 8±1. 6Ma,前者侵位结晶稍早于后者。两者具有近于一致的主量、微量、稀土和Sr-Nd同位素组成特征,显示矿区两个花岗闪长质侵入岩体是由同一岩浆活动先后侵位到相近空间所形成,其原始岩浆具有相同的壳幔混合来源,即上涌的幔源玄武质岩浆与由其底侵引起挤压加厚的扬子下地壳部分熔融岩浆的混合,与长江中下游成矿带铜陵矿集区中酸性侵入岩不同的是,岩浆在上升过程中或滞留于浅位岩浆房中时明显地同化混染了扬子上地壳物质。然而,起源相同的花岗闪长质岩浆历经演化并先后侵位结晶时,其岩浆特征和结晶条件发生了显著变化,表现为:花岗闪长斑岩结晶时继承大量元古代锆石,花岗闪长岩则较少见有继承锆石,综合两者岩体特征和侵位结晶条件,显示前者岩浆熔体规模小、岩浆温度低、冷却结晶较快,岩体形成于富含F、Cl和相对还原的环境;而后者岩浆熔体规模巨大,岩浆温度相对较高,冷却结晶慢,岩体形成于贫F、Cl和相对氧化的环境。这在一定程度上影响了矿区两个花岗闪长质侵入岩体的成矿能力,演化早期偏还原性的花岗闪长斑岩岩浆以及其中较高的F、Cl含量更有利于钨富集于岩浆期后热液流体中,进而形成大型钨(钼)矿床。此外,相较于大型花岗闪长岩体而言,浅成侵位的小型花岗闪长斑岩体具有更为发育的裂隙系统以及受围岩更大影响而发生强烈矽卡岩化,也为矿质富集和沉淀提供了有利条件。本文研究为皖南地区钨(钼)矿床的找矿勘探及成矿模式的建立提供了新依据。 相似文献
10.
吉林南部太古宙辉石花岗岩的成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
吉林南部太古宙辉石花岗岩类具有与英云闪长质－奥长花岗岩质－花岗闪长质片麻岩（ＴＴＧ）及深熔钾长花岗岩不同的特征，并不是ＴＴＧ岩系的一部分。地质学、岩石学及地球化学研究表明，该辉石花岗岩类是壳源岩浆结晶分异作用的结果，其岩浆演化主要受早期结晶的辉石、斜长石及角闪石等矿物相的制约。 相似文献
11.
高压超高压变质作用中流体—熔体—岩石相互作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在高压超高压变质作用过程中所释放的流体对俯冲板块的演化起着重要作用,与岛弧岩浆活动有着直接联系,随着温度和压力的增加,俯冲板片将发生高压到超高榴辉岩相转变,大量的水将通过含水矿物的消失反应释放出来,这些流体可引起上覆岩圈大规模水化,并促进地幔楔状体的部分熔融,同时,通过流体的向上迁移可将某些组分带入上覆岩石圈板块,并改变其总体组成,许多含水矿物,同变质脉体,高压自形晶体组成的布丁,原生液态包裹体和 相似文献
12.
Phase equilibria modelling of residual migmatites and granulites: An evaluation of the melt‐reintegration approach 
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下载免费PDF全文 Omar Bartoli 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2017,35(8):919-942
Suprasolidus continental crust is prone to loss and redistribution of anatectic melt to shallow crustal levels. These processes ultimately lead to differentiation of the continental crust. The majority of granulite facies rocks worldwide has experienced melt loss and the reintegration of melt is becoming an increasingly popular approach to reconstruct the prograde history of melt‐depleted rocks by means of phase equilibria modelling. It involves the stepwise down‐temperature reintegration of a certain amount of melt into the residual bulk composition along an inferred P–T path, and various ways of calculating and reintegrating melt compositions have been developed and applied. Here different melt‐reintegration approaches are tested using El Hoyazo granulitic enclaves (SE Spain), and Mt. Stafford residual migmatites (central Australia). Various sets of P–T pseudosections were constructed progressing step by step, to lower temperatures along the inferred P–T paths. Melt‐reintegration was done following one‐step and multi‐step procedures proposed in the literature. For El Hoyazo granulites, modelling was also performed reintegrating the measured melt inclusions and matrix glass compositions and considering the melt amounts inferred by mass–balance calculations. The overall topology of phase diagrams is pretty similar, suggesting that, in spite of the different methods adopted, reintegrating a certain amount of melt can be sufficient to reconstruct a plausible prograde history (i.e. melting conditions and reactions, and melt productivity) of residual migmatites and granulites. However, significant underestimations of melt productivity may occur and have to be taken into account when a melt‐reintegration approach is applied to highly residual (SiO2 <55 wt%) rocks, or to rocks for which H2O retention from subsolidus conditions is high (such as in the case of rapid crustal melting triggered by mafic magma underplating). 相似文献
13.
Melt segregation in the continental crust: distribution and movement of melt in anatectic rocks 总被引：31，自引：3，他引：31
E. W. Sawyer 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2001,19(3):291-309
The grain‐ and outcrop‐scale distribution of melt has been mapped in anatectic rocks from regional and contact metamorphic environments and used to infer melt movement paths. At the grain scale, anatectic melt is pervasively distributed in the grain boundaries and in small pools; consequently, most melt is located parallel to the principal fabric in the rock, typically a foliation. Short, branched arrays of linked, melt‐bearing grain boundaries connect melt‐depleted parts of the matrix to diffuse zones of melt accumulation (protoleucosomes), where magmatic flow and alignment of euhedral crystals grown from the melt developed. The distribution of melt (leucosome) and residual rocks (normally melanocratic) in outcrop provides different, but complementary, information. The residual rocks show where the melt came from, and the leucosomes preserve some of the channels through which the melt moved, or sites where it pooled. Different stages of the melt segregation process are recorded in the leucosome–melanosome arrays. Regions where melting and segregation had just begun when crystallization occurred are characterized by short arrays of thin, branching leucosomes with little melanosome. A more advanced stage of melting and segregation is marked by the development of residual rocks around extensive, branched leucosome arrays, generally oriented along the foliation or melting layer. Places where melting had stopped, or slowed down, before crystallization began are marked by a high ratio of melanosome to leucosome; because most of the melt has drained away, very few leucosomes remain to mark the melt escape path — this is common in melt‐depleted granulite terranes. Many migmatites contain abundant leucosomes oriented parallel to the foliation; mostly, these represent places where foliation planes dilated and melt drained from the matrix via the branched grain boundary and larger branched melt channel (leucosome) arrays collected. Melt collected in the foliation planes was partially, or fully, expelled later, when discordant leucosomes formed. Leucosomes (or veins) oriented at high angles to the foliation/layering formed last and commonly lack melanocratic borders; hence they were not involved in draining the matrix of the melting layer. Discordant leucosomes represent the channels through which melt flowed out of the melting layer. 相似文献
14.
S. FERRERO O. BARTOLI B. CESARE E. SALVIOLI‐MARIANI A. ACOSTA‐VIGIL A. CAVALLO C. GROPPO S. BATTISTON 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2012,30(3):303-322
The occurrence of crystallized and glassy melt inclusions (MI) in high‐grade, partially melted metapelites and metagraywackes has opened up new possibilities to investigate anatectic processes. The present study focuses on three case studies: khondalites from the Kerala Khondalite Belt (India), the Ronda migmatites (Spain), and the Barun Gneiss (Nepal Himalaya). The results of a detailed microstructural investigation are reported, along with some new microchemical data on the bulk composition of MI. These inclusions were trapped within peritectic garnet and ilmenite during crystal growth and are therefore primary inclusions. They are generally isometric and very small in size, mostly ≤15 μm, and only rarely reaching 30 μm; they occur in clusters. In most cases inclusions are crystallized (‘nanogranites’) and contain a granitic phase assemblage with quartz, feldspar and one or two mica depending on the particular case study, commonly with accessory phases (mainly zircon, apatite, rutile). In many cases the polycrystalline aggregates that make up the nanogranites show igneous microstructures, e.g. granophyric intergrowths, micrographic quartz in K‐feldspar and cuneiform rods of quartz in plagioclase. Further evidence for the former presence of melt within the investigated inclusions consists of melt pseudomorphs, similar to those recognized at larger scale in the host migmatites. Moreover, partially crystallized inclusions are locally abundant and together with very small (≤8 μm) glassy inclusions may occur in the same clusters. Both crystallized and partially crystallized inclusions often display a diffuse nanoporosity, which may contain fluids, depending on the case study. After entrapment, inclusions underwent limited microstructural modifications, such as shape maturation, local necking down processes, and decrepitation (mainly in the Barun Gneiss), which did not influence their bulk composition. Re‐homogenized nanogranites and glassy inclusions show a leucogranitic and peraluminous composition, consistent with the results of partial melting experiments on metapelites and metagraywackes. Anatectic MI should therefore be considered as a new and important opportunity to understand the partial melting processes. 相似文献
15.
根据熔融包裹体的均一温度和均一过程的时间,利用熔融包裹体的扩散率公式（ＤＨ＝ｒ２／４ｔ）、Ｅｙｒｉｎｇ方程（ＤＮ＝ＫＢ·Ｔ／η·λ）以及不同含水量花岗质熔体的ＬｎＤＨ－１／Ｔ实验图解,计算了胶东金矿区内与金矿形成关系密切的栾家河岩体中包裹体熔体的粘度和含水量。结果表明,熔融包裹体均一温度为９７０℃,粘度为３．８×１０６Ｐａ·ｓ,含水量为２．５％;流体熔融包裹体的均一温度为８５５℃,粘度为６１７．７Ｐａ·ｓ,含水量为５．８％,反映出花岗岩浆在结晶过程中含水量不断增高,粘度不断降低,到结晶作用晚期,流体相接近饱和状态。 相似文献
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Catherine A. Stuart Sandra Piazolo Nathan R. Daczko 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2018,36(8):1049-1069
High‐strain zones are potential pathways of melt migration through the crust. However, the identification of melt‐present high‐strain deformation is commonly limited to cases where the interpreted volume of melt “frozen” within the high‐strain zone is high (>10%). In this contribution, we examine high‐strain zones in the Pembroke Granulite, an otherwise low‐strain outcrop of volcanic arc lower crust exposed in Fiordland, New Zealand. These high‐strain zones display compositional layering, flaser‐shaped mineral grains, and closely spaced foliation planes indicative of high‐strain deformation. Asymmetric leucosome surrounding peritectic garnet grains suggest deformation was synchronous with minor amounts of in situ partial melting. High‐strain zones lack typical mylonite microstructures and instead display typical equilibrium microstructures, such as straight grain boundaries, 120° triple junctions, and subhedral grain shapes. We identify five key microstructures indicative of the former presence of melt within the high‐strain zones: (a) small dihedral angles of interstitial phases; (b) elongate interstitial grains; (c) small aggregates of quartz grains with xenomorphic plagioclase grains connected in three dimensions; (d) fine‐grained, K‐feldspar bearing, multiphase aggregates with or without augite rims; and (e) mm‐ to cm‐scale felsic dykelets. Preservation of key microstructures indicates that deformation ceased as conditions crossed the solidus, breaking the positive feedback loop between deformation and the presence of melt. We propose that microstructures indicative of the former presence of melt, such as the five identified above, may be used as a tool for recognising rocks formed during melt‐present high‐strain deformation where low (<5%) volumes of leucosome are “frozen” within the high‐strain zone. 相似文献
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采用半导体脉冲激光光源和时间分辨探测技术, 对Ab -An -Di相图同结线附近处于玄武岩成分区的2个硅酸盐样品进行了升温过程的Raman光谱研究.研究了该成分区域中玻璃-晶体-熔体高温下的相转变、升温过程及其熔体的特征光谱的变化特点.发现高温熔体结构与低温玻璃结构存在明显区别, 晶体对熔体结构有继承性.同时观察到了Ab12 An3 6Di52在熔态时的分相作用, 可能反映了该组分液态不混溶的发生.通过对高频区的解谱, 初步探索了体系中各结构单元的种类及含量与温度的关系. 相似文献
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高压超高压变质作用中的流体 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
文章强调了高压和超高压变质岩中流体包裹体的研究意义，重点论述了几个问题：（１）高压和超高压变质岩中流体包裹体的成分以含Ｎ２量高为特点，在大别山含柯石英榴辉岩中找到的高压榴辉岩阶段捕获的原生包裹体，其中气相组分含ＣＯ（摩尔分数）为１４％，表明流体来源于深部。原生流体包裹体的保存，要求在ｐ－Ｔ区间内的抬升轨迹与等容线近于平行。（２）在大别山高压和超高压榴辉岩中首次确认熔融包裹体的存在，由硅酸盐玻相和以ＣＯ２为主要成分的气相组成，并发现熔融包裹体中的玻相成分与主矿物相近。（３）高压和超高压变质期间的局部流体迁移可由榴辉岩中流体包裹体和矿物同位素成分（Ｈ－Ｃ－Ｏ）来显示。（４）高压和超高压变质中流体－熔体－岩石（矿物）相互作用是一个非常复杂的过程，并证实在榴辉岩相ｐ－Ｔ条件下岩石的部分熔融。（５）变质流体的成分与变质级之间存在着相关关系。 相似文献
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