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1.
Yang Xiang Tandong Yao Yang Gao Guoqing Zhang Weicai Wang Lide Tian 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(7):285
Debris-covered glaciers are common in the Himalayas and play a key role in understanding future regional water availability and management. Previous studies of regional glacial changes have often neglected debris-covered glaciers or have mixed them with debris-free glaciers. In this study, we generated a new glacier data set that includes debris-covered and debris-free glaciers to study the glacial surface area change in the Koshi River Basin in the central Himalayas. Long time-series Landsat data were used to extract the glacier boundaries using automatic and manual classification methods. The glacial area decreased by 10.4% from 1975 to 2010 at a rate of 0.30% a?1, with accelerated melting since 2000 (0.47% a?1). Small glaciers melted faster than large glaciers. In terms of distinctive glacier types, debris-free glaciers shrank at a rate of 0.45% a?1, faster than debris-covered glaciers (0.18% a?1), while debris-covered glaciers larger than 5.0 km2 retreated at a rate faster than debris-free glaciers of the same-sized group. We also studied the potential interactions between 222 supraglacial lakes and debris-covered glaciers. Debris-covered glaciers with glacial lakes melt faster than glaciers without lakes. This study can improve our understanding of the differences in the changes between debris-covered and debris-free glaciers in the central Himalayas and help evaluate water resource changes in the Himalayas. 相似文献
2.
新疆的冰川水资源居全国第一,在新疆水资源构成和河川径流调节方面占有重要地位。最近30多年来,随着气温升高,冰川出现了剧烈的消融退缩,冰川融水径流量普遍增加,并对气温的依赖性增强。文章基于最新冰川观测研究资料,阐述新疆冰川的近期变化,分析对水资源的影响。研究表明,所研究的1800条冰川,在过去26～44年间,总面积缩小了11.7％,平均每条冰川缩小0.243km2,末端退缩速率5.8m/a。冰川在不同区域的缩小比率为8.8％～34.2％,单条冰川的平均缩小量为0.092～0.415km2,末端平均后退量为 3.5～10.5m/a。由于新疆各流域中冰川的分布、变化特征,以及融水所占河川径流的比例不同,因此,未来气候变化对新疆各个区域水资源的影响程度和表现形式是不同的。分析表明,在塔里木河流域,冰川水资源具有举足轻重的作用,但是,一旦冰川消融殆尽,对该地区将产生灾难性影响,现今该区冰川消融正盛,估计在今后30～50年,只要保持升温,冰川融水量仍会维持。未来20～40年,天山北麓水系中,1km2左右的小冰川趋于消失,大于5km2冰川消融强烈,因此,以小冰川居多的河流受冰川变化的影响较大。东疆盆地水系中的冰川数量少,并处在加速消融状态,河川径流对冰川的依赖性强,冰川的变化已经对水资源量及年内分配产生影响,水资源已经处在不断恶化之中。对于伊犁河与额尔齐斯河流域,未来冰川变化对水资源的影响在数量上可能有限,但会大大削弱冰川融水径流的调节功能。而气候变化对积雪水资源的影响和可能造成的后果应该予以特别关注。 相似文献
3.
1968-2009年叶尔羌河流域冰川变化——基于第一、二次中国冰川编目数据 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
利用"中国冰川资源及其变化调查"项目最新冰川编目成果和中国第一次冰川编目结果, 对中国叶尔羌河流域1968-2009年冰川变化进行了分析. 结果表明:叶尔羌河流域冰川总体上处于退缩状态, 面积减少了927 km2, 年平均面积减少23.2 km2, 年均面积缩小比例为0.36%·a-1, 与中国其他地区冰川退缩程度相比属于中等水平. 叶尔羌河流域不同规模冰川的退缩幅度存在差异, 小冰川大幅萎缩, 甚至消失; 规模较大的冰川相对变化幅度较小, 一些冰川出现过跃动. 从朝向分布来看, 位于南坡的冰川退缩最为严重, 而西坡较小. 冰川集中分布在海拔5 100~5 500 m和5 500~5 900 m区间, 海拔4 700~5 100 m区间的冰川面积减少最为显著. 消失冰川大多数为面积在0.2~0.5 km2的小冰川, 且朝向东北坡的冰川消失数量最多. 研究区有冰川分裂现象, 也出现了支冰川前进超覆现象, 统计表明该流域有13条冰川在前进后形成6条冰川. 1968-2009年研究区气温升高、降水增加, 总体上看, 降水增加缓解了因升温而导致的冰川退缩. 相似文献
4.
基于多源数据的近50 a玛纳斯河流域冰川变化分析 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
我国新疆玛纳斯河流域的冰川变化极大影响流域内及其周边地区的经济社会发展.使用国产高分一号(GF-1)遥感影像和Landsat8数据,分别通过基于多源数据的冰川识别方法和波段比值法获取了2013年玛纳斯河流域冰川信息,结合玛纳斯河流域第一次(1964年)、第二次(2009年)冰川编目数据与1998年、2003年TM影像冰川目视解译结果等四期的冰川边界矢量数据,对玛纳斯河流域1964-2013年50 a来的冰川变化特征进行了综合分析.研究结果显示:玛纳斯河流域冰川自2009年以来有略微增加的趋势,2013年冰川面积比2009年增加了10.25 km2,这在一定程度上抑制了长期以来冰川的快速消融;1964-2013年,玛纳斯河流域的冰川总体呈减少趋势;冰川面积从1964年的673.61 km2减少到2013年的512.07 km2,面积减少161.54 km2,减少23.98%;近50 a来,流域内冰川面积在海拔4500 m及以上呈净增加趋势,而在海拔4500 m以下呈净减少趋势,冰川在海拔(4000±100) m左右退缩的速率最大,高达0.5 km2·a-1;冰川面积的减少主要体现为大量的冰舌后退和小面积冰川的快速消融,超过85%的冰川冰舌后退距离在200 m以上;该流域的冰川变化主要集中在南、北两个坡向,在南坡向上出现明显的先减少和后增加的变化趋势;1964-2013年,玛纳斯河流域的气温和降水量呈较明显的增加趋势,线性增加率分别为0.26℃·(10a)-1和16.07 mm·(10a)-1.研究结果表明气温的持续升高和降水量的增加分别是导致玛纳斯河流域冰川减少期和增加期形成的主要原因. 相似文献
5.
《China Geology》2021,4(3):389-401
Glaciers are crucial water resources for arid inland rivers in Northwest China. In recent decades, glaciers are largely experiencing shrinkage under the climate-warming scenario, thereby exerting tremendous influences on regional water resources. The primary role of understudying watershed scale glacier changes under changing climatic conditions is to ensure sustainable utilization of regional water resources, to prevent and mitigate glacier-related disasters. This study maps the current (2020) distribution of glacier boundaries across the Kaidu-Kongque river basin, south slope of Tianshan Mountains, and monitors the spatial evolution of glaciers over five time periods from 2000–2020 through thresholded band ratios approach, using 25 Landsat images at 30 m resolution. In addition, this study attempts to understand the role of climate characteristics for variable response of glacier area. The results show that the total area of glaciers was 398.21 km2 in 2020. The glaciers retreated by about 1.17 km2/a (0.26%/a) from 2000 to 2020. The glaciers were reducing at a significantly rapid rate between 2000 and 2005, a slow rate from 2005 to 2015, and an accelerated rate during 2015–2020. The meteorological data shows slight increasing trends of mean annual temperature (0.02°C/a) and annual precipitation (2.07 mm/a). The correlation analysis demonstrates that the role of temperature presents more significant correlation with glacier recession than precipitation. There is a temporal hysteresis in the response of glacier change to climate change. Increasing trend of temperature in summer proves to be the driving force behind the Kaidu-Kongque basin glacier recession during the recent 20 years.© 2021 China Geology Editorial Office. 相似文献
6.
利用2000年的Landsat5遥感数据、1970年和2009年的冰川编目数据, 对天山中段南坡开都河流域和北坡玛纳斯河流域的冰川变化进行了对比分析, 并结合地面气象站点数据分析了冰川对气候变化的响应及南北坡冰川变化的差异性. 研究表明: 1970-2009年间, 两流域冰川面积减少了494.33 km2, 占总面积的26.8% (0.8%·a-1); 冰川储量减少了32.73 km3, 占总储量的27.9% (0.8%·a-1). 其中, 2000-2009年冰川面积和冰储量年退缩率(1.3%·a-1)比1970-2000年(0.6%·a-1)大; 冰储量减少的速率略大于面积缩小的速率, 说明冰川面积缩小的同时, 其厚度在迅速减薄. 1970-2000年和2000-2009年间, 玛纳斯河流域的冰川年均面积退缩率分别为0.5%·a-1和1.4%·a-1, 开都河流域的冰川年均面积退缩率为0.9%·a-1和1.1%·a-1, 显示出玛纳斯河流域冰川在2000年后呈加速萎缩趋势. 影响研究区冰川变化的主因是气温, 而夏季升温幅度及降水的不同是造成南北坡冰川差异性变化的重要原因. 相似文献
7.
1956—2017年河西内流区冰川资源时空变化特征 总被引：7，自引：6，他引：1
基于修订后的河西内流区第一、 第二次冰川编目数据及2016—2017年Landsat OLI遥感影像, 对河西内流区1956—2017年冰川时空变化特征进行分析。结果表明： ①河西内流区现有冰川1 769条, 面积976.59 km2, 冰储量约49.82 km3。冰川面积以介于0.1 ~ 10 km2的冰川为主, 数量以<0.5 km2的冰川为主。祁连山是该区域冰川集中分布区, 其冰川数量、 面积和冰储量分别占该区域冰川相应总量的98.47%、 97.52%和97.53%。②疏勒河流域（5Y44）冰川数量、 面积及冰储量最多（最大）, 冰川平均面积为0.81 km2, 石羊河流域（5Y41）最少（最小）。从四级流域来看, 宁掌等流域（5Y445）冰川最为发育, 冰川数量、 面积及储量均最大, 宰尔莫合流域（5Y446）冰川平均面积最大（1.80 km2）, 夹道沟-潘家河流域（5Y422）最小, 仅有0.05 km2。③近60年河西内流区冰川数量减少556条, 面积减少417.85 km2, 冰储量损失20.16 km3。面积介于0.1 ~ 0.5 km2之间的冰川数量与面积减少最多（457条和 -117.49 km2）, 海拔4 400 ~ 5 400 m区间是冰川面积集中退缩的区域（98.55%）, 北朝向冰川面积减少最多（-219.92 km2）且冰川退缩速率最快（-3.61 km2·a-1）。④1956—2017年河西内流区各流域冰川面积均呈退缩态势, 区内冰川变化呈自西向东逐渐加快的趋势, 但有3条冰川在1986—2017年出现不同程度的前进, 气温升高是该区域冰川退缩的主要原因。 相似文献
8.
在全球变暖的大背景下,我国藏南地区冰川持续退缩,冰湖不断扩张,从而引发了一系列的地质灾害问题。文章利用Landsat系列影像,在面向对象分类方法的基础上采用波段比值法和NDWI指数提取了藏南希夏邦玛峰地区1994—2018年共9期冰川和冰湖的面积。研究表明,希夏邦玛峰地区净冰川持续退缩,总体速率为（1.28±0.32）%/a,冰湖的扩张速率约为（1.88±1.07）%/a。同时,面积小于1 km2的冰川退缩极为严重,高达33.25%。其次气象再分析数据表明夏季气温和降水的增加可能是该地区净冰川退缩加快的重要原因,并且共同促进了冰湖的加速扩张,大大提高了该地区冰湖溃决的风险。 相似文献
9.
Glacial meltwater is an important freshwater resource in the Caucasus and is important for regional irrigation and hydroelectricity generation. This paper analyses the spatial and temporal patterns of glacier change in the Caucasus Mountains from 1960 to 2020 based on Landsat images, coherence images from Sentinel-1 image pairs, GLIMS glacier inventory and WGMS glacier mass balance data. The results of the study show that in 2020 there were 1912 glaciers in the Caucasus Mountains, with a total area of（1 087. 36±66. 44）km2. The total glacier area shrank by（587. 36±98. 66）km2（35. 07±5. 89%）between 1960 and 2020, with an average annual shrinkage rate of（0. 58±0. 10%）·a-1. The area shrinkage rates of Caucasian glaciers for 1960-1986, 1986-2000 and 2000-2020 are（0. 44±0. 20%）·a-1, （0. 66±0. 77%）·a-1 and（0. 96±0. 31%）·a-1, respectively, indicating that Caucasian glaciers in a state of accelerated retreat over the last 60 years. Analysis of mass balance information shows that both the Djankuat and Garabashi glaciers in the Caucasus have been in a strong negative equilibrium for nearly 60 years, with a significant acceleration of mass deficit after 2000. Analysis of climate data suggests that the strong warming is the main reason for the accelerated retreat of glaciers in the Caucasus mountains in recent decades. © 2022 The authors. 相似文献
10.
1964-2010年青藏高原长江源各拉丹冬地区冰川变化及其不确定性分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用1964年美国CORONA间谍卫星影像和1976-2010年的Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+遥感影像, 对青藏高原长江源各拉丹冬地区的冰川进行监测, 获得每10 a间隔的冰川面积数据, 并对冰川制图中的不确定性进行了评估.由于冰川表面比较洁净, 认为该地区冰川变化的不确定性主要由分辨率(Landsat)和人为操作差异造成, 误差可达1%~2%.通过对比发现: 1964-2010年间, 各拉丹冬地区冰川面积总体上减少了45.75 km2, 相对变化为6.80%, 冰川年平均变化速度约为0.99 km2·a-1, 相对变化速度为0.15%·a-1; 该地区冰川总体退缩较为缓慢, 但部分冰川变化显著, 在138条冰川中, 有14条大冰川存在较为明显的变化.在过去的近50 a中, 该地区的冰川并不是都呈退缩状态, 先后有9条冰川出现过前进的现象, 其中有1条冰川一直处于前进状态, 长江源头冰川(姜古迪如北支冰川)先后出现过两次前进, 分别发生在1964-1977年间和2000-2010年间. 相似文献
11.
近30年来乌鲁木齐河流域冰川波动特征与流域高山带升温幅度的 … 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
乌鲁木齐河流域典型冰川与全流域其他冰川波动的监测结果表明,５０年代末与６０年代初以来,各冲川均处于全面退缩状态,且冰川长度退缩量,面积和冰储量减小量与冰川的规模有密切的关系,大冰川退缩量大,但退缩量所占百分比较小,小冰川则相反,而且三者与冲川的长度等级有较好的统计关系。 相似文献
12.
The Cordillera Blanca, located in the central zone of the Andes Mountains in Peru, has shown a retreat in its glaciers. This paper presents a trend analysis of the glacier area over the groups of Nevados Caullaraju-Pastoruri from 1975 to 2010 using Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery. In the case of the Nevados Pastoruri/Tuco, the study period was extended back to 1957 by using an aerial photograph taken that year. The extent of clean glacier ice was estimated using Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) thresholds. Moreover, the estimation of debris-covered glacier ice was retrieved by means of a decision tree classification method using NDSI, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST). Area estimations derived from Landsat imagery were compared to the glacier ground-truth data in 1975 and 2010. Results show a statistically significant (p < 0.05) decreasing trend over the whole study area. Total glacier area decreased at a rate of 4.5 km2 per decade from 1975 to 2010, with a total loss of 22.5 km2 (58%). Lower decreasing rates were found for the period 1987–2010: 3.5 km2 per decade with a total loss of 7.7 km2 (32.5%). In the case of the Nevados Pastoruri/Tuco, decreasing rates of clean ice extent were constant for the periods 1957–2010, 1975–2010 and 1987–2010, with values close to 1.4 km2 per decade and a total loss between 1957 and 2010 estimated at about 5 km2 (54%). This work shows an evident area decrease in the Caullaraju-Pastoruri tropical glaciers, which needs to be included in a future hydrological scenario of local adaptability and water management. 相似文献
13.
青藏高原现代冰川变化是对气候变化的响应, 对区域水资源评估有着重要的理论意义和现实意义.采用GIS分析方法, 利用三期卫星遥感数据研究青藏高原中部念青唐古拉山西段冰川在2个时间段(1977-2001和2001-2010)的时空分布和变化, 并对比分析其在南坡和北坡变化速率趋势以及在不同海拔高度的变化特征.研究发现: (1)2010年念青唐古拉山西段冰川面积为571.81±16.01 km2, 主要分布在5 500~6 200 m的高山区; (2)1977-2010年念青唐古拉山西段冰川退缩明显, 总面积减少22.42%±2.90%;(3)相比于1977-2001年时间段, 近十年来该区冰川退缩速率呈明显加剧趋势; (4)与前一个时段相比, 低于5 700 m海拔区域, 各海拔段的冰川年均面积退缩速率呈减缓趋势; 而在5 700~7 000 m海拔区域, 则呈加剧趋势; (5)北坡冰川退缩率(23.6%±2.88%)高于南坡(21.97%±2.90%), 且南北坡2001-2010年年均冰川面积减少最大的海拔段比1977-2001年都升高了200 m, 研究区冰川的持续退缩有向高海拔转移的趋势; (6)南坡拉萨河流域内的冰川年均减少面积最大的海拔段比北坡高100 m左右.气温升高是影响近十年以来研究区的冰川退缩加剧的根本原因, 将对区域水文和生态环境产生重大的影响. 相似文献
14.
基于GIS的玛旁雍错流域冰川地貌及现代冰川湖泊变化研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
基于多源多时相的数字遥感影像、地形图和DEM数据,利用遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)技术,对西藏玛旁雍错流域冰川地貌类型和空间分布进行了研究,并对流域内近30 a来冰川和湖泊的变化进行分析.结果表明:1974-2003年玛旁雍错流域冰川总面积减少了7.27 km2,平均退缩速率0.24 km2·a-1;湖泊总面积减少37.58 km2,平均退缩速率1.25 km2·a-1.多时相的监测表明,冰川在加速退缩,且阳坡冰川的消融速度大于阴坡,坡度陡、面积小的冰川消融比例大于坡度缓、面积较大的冰川;湖泊面积先减少后有所增加,但总面积还是减少了,不少小湖泊消失.分析流域附近气象资料可知,气温上升和降水量减少是玛旁雍错流域内冰川消融与退缩的主要原因. 相似文献
15.
利用1999年ETM、2014/2015年GF-1为主的2期遥感影像作为数据源,采用人机交互解译的方法完成了2期冰川编目成果,并对最近15年(1999—2015)念青唐古拉山冰川变化进行分析。结果显示,从1999年至2015年间,念青唐古拉山脉冰川呈退缩趋势,以东段海洋型冰川退缩为主,西段亚大陆型冰川相对稳定。冰川总面积减少了56. 32km2,减少变化率为0. 67%;有10条冰川消失,减少变化率为0. 16%;冰储量减少5. 315 km3,减少变化率为0. 78%。调查结果还显示,念青唐古拉山地区冰川各朝向均呈退缩趋势,偏南向和东向冰川数量与面积减少大于偏北向和西向的;平均坡度在20°～35°范围的冰川数量和面积减少最多;海拔介于4 500～5 500 m区间的冰川面积退缩最明显。在恒河流域和萨尔温江流域的冰川消退最显著。总体上,不同规模冰川均有退缩,规模≤5. 0 km2的冰川是念青唐古拉山地区退缩最多的。冰川退缩与气候变化关系密切。选取念青唐古拉山脉附近3个气象台站,对最近50多年以来的年均气温和年降水量变化分析表明,自1961年以来,念青唐古拉山年均气温呈显著上升趋势,而降水量变化不一,有增有减。气温上升而降水减少,可能是导致念青唐古拉山地区东段冰川退缩的一个因素。 相似文献
16.
根据完成的青藏地区基于1999年ETM、2014/2015年GF-1/OLI两期遥感调查的冰川编目数据,对1999-2015年期间中国喜马拉雅山地区的冰川变化进行分析。结果显示,从1999-2015年间,中国喜马拉雅山地区的冰川普遍退缩,冰川数量减少了85条,面积减少了42.00 km^2,冰储量减少了2.385 km^3,分别占其减少变化率的1.53%、0.67%和0.50%。沿山脉由东向西冰川变化不一,其中东段的冰川数量减少多,西段的冰川面积和冰储量减少多,并且东段的数量减少变化率远大于西段,西段的面积、冰储量减少变化率大于东段,中段的冰川相对稳定。喜马拉雅山地区的冰川在北、北东和东等方向上发生退缩,且减少量依次减少,其中东向的数量减少变化率最大,北东向的面积减少变化率最大,而北向的减少变化率最小。冰川在不同坡度退缩程度不一,在坡度10°~15°范围冰川面积退缩最多、变化率最大,在坡度30°~35°范围数量减少最多、变化率最大。冰川在高程5 500~6 000 m区间数量和面积退缩量最多,其次是在高程5 000~5 500 m区间;在高程3 500~4 000 m区间的退缩变化率最大,而在高程6 000~6 500 m区间的退缩变化率最小。不同流域中冰川变化差异较大,在雅鲁藏布江流域(5O2)冰川数量和面积减少最多,其次是朗钦藏布等流域(5Q2)和朋曲等流域(5O1),而扎日南木措流域(5Z3)的冰川减少量最小,但是变化率最大。总之,小冰川的大规模退缩或者消失,较大冰川也普遍退缩,是喜马拉雅山地区冰川变化的特点。喜马拉雅山地区冰川退缩与气候变化关系密切。根据多年年平均气温和年降水量分析,自1961年以来,该地区年平均气温显著上升,年降水量有增有减,但气温上升、降水量减少是导致冰川消融原因之一。 相似文献
17.
Cosmogenic nuclide constraints on glacial chronology in the source area of the Urumqi River,Tian Shan,China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Cosmogenic nuclide surface exposure dating of boulders and erratics provides new constraints for a glacial chronology in the source area of the Urumqi River, Tian Shan, China. 10Be exposure ages of 15.0 ± 1.3–17.1 ± 1.5 ka from the Upper Wangfeng (UWF) moraines agree well with their previous relative age assignments to marine isotope stage (MIS) 2, but are younger than published AMS 14C and electron spin resonance (ESR) ages (from 22.8 ± 0.6 to 37.4 ka). This difference may result from variations in techniques, or could reflect the impact of surface erosion and sediment/snow cover on surface exposure dating. 10Be ages from the Lower Wangfeng (LWF) moraines (18.7 ± 1.8 and 16.2 ± 1.5 ka) are indistinguishable from the UWF exposure ages, but are significantly younger than previously reported thermoluminescence (TL) and ESR ages (37.7 ± 2.6–184.7 ± 18 ka). Either these two groups were formed during the same period (MIS 2) and there are problems with TL and ESR ages, or the moraines were of very different ages and the similar exposure ages result from different degrees of degradation. Erratics on rock steps and a drumlin along >8 km of the main glacial valley above the UWF have internally consistent and slightly decreasing 10Be exposure ages indicating glacier retreat >2.5 m a?1 after MIS 2 and before middle or late Holocene glacier re‐advances. This retreat rate is similar to rates observed from modern glaciers. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
18.
Parmanand Sharma Lavkush K Patel Rasik Ravindra Ajit Singh Mahalinganathan K Meloth Thamban 《Journal of Earth System Science》2016,125(3):459-473
As part of the on-going annual mass balance measurements on Batal and Sutri Dhaka glaciers, observations were made during peak ablation (August–September) season in 2013 to understand the response of debris covered and clean-ice (debris free) glacier surface to melting processes. Though, both the Batal and Sutri Dhaka glaciers have almost similar geographical disposition, Batal shows extensive debris cover (90% of the ablation area), while the latter is free from debris (only 5% of the ablation area). The thickness of debris in Batal glacier is inversely proportional to altitude, whereas Sutri Dhaka mostly experienced debris-free zone except snout area. Observation revealed that the vertical gradient of ablation rate in ablation area is contrastingly opposite in these two glaciers, reflecting significant control of debris thickness and their distribution over glacier surface on the ablation rates. While different thickness (2–100 cm) of debris have attenuated melting rates up to 70% of total melting, debris cover of <2 cm thickness has accelerated melting up to 10% of the total melting. Estimated melt ratio reveals that about 90% of the ablation area has experienced inhibited melting in Batal glacier, whereas only less than 5% ablation area of Sutri Dhaka has undergone inhibited melting. Comparison of topographical maps of 1962 with successive satellite images of the area demonstrates a terminus retreat of 373 ± 33.5 m and 579 ± 33.5 m for Batal and Sutri Dhaka glaciers for the period 1962–2013, respectively. 相似文献
19.
近30 a来雅鲁藏布江流域冰川系统特征遥感研究及典型冰川变化分析 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
综合运用RS和GIS手段, 利用卫星遥感影像, 结合中国第一次冰川编目数据及数字高程模型(DEM), 获取了雅鲁藏布江流域不同朝向上冰川面积分布、 冰川面积随高度带分布状况统计结果, 及3个冰川聚集区21条大型海洋性冰川在1976、 1988、 2005年的冰川面积、 厚度、 冰储量及物质平衡线等基本参数, 丰富了该研究区相关冰川信息, 并统计分析了21条大型冰川面积变化状况及与气候变化的响应关系. 研究表明: 3个区域冰川在1976-1988年和1988-2005年时间段内随着气温、 降水的变化出现了相应的波动, 但总的来说在1976-2005年间, 这21条大型海洋性冰川并没有出现明显的前进或退缩现象, 这可能是由于降水的增加抵消了气温升高给冰川积累带来的不利影响, 也可能是由于大型冰川在高海拔地区有较大的积累区补给造成的, 进一步的研究亦在进展中. 相似文献
20.
With accelerated melting of alpine glaciers, understanding the future state of the cryosphere is critical. Because the observational record of glacier response to climate change is short, palaeo‐records of glacier change are needed. Using proglacial lake sediments, which contain continuous and datable records of past glacier activity, we investigate Holocene glacier fluctuations on northeastern Baffin Island. Basal radiocarbon ages from three lakes constrain Laurentide Ice Sheet retreat by ca. 10.5 ka. High sedimentation rates (0.03 cm a?1) and continuous minerogenic sedimentation throughout the Holocene in proglacial lakes, in contrast to organic‐rich sediments and low sedimentation rates (0.005 cm a?1) in neighbouring non‐glacial lakes, suggest that glaciers may have persisted in proglacial lake catchments since regional deglaciation. The presence of varves and relatively high magnetic susceptibility from 10 to 6 ka and since 2 ka in one proglacial lake suggest minimum Holocene glacier extent ca. 6–2 ka. Moraine evidence and proglacial and threshold lake sediments indicate that the maximum Holocene glacier extent occurred during the Little Ice Age. The finding that glaciers likely persisted through the Holocene is surprising, given that regional proxy records reveal summer temperatures several degrees warmer than today, and may be due to shorter ablation seasons and greater accumulation‐season precipitation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献