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延庆、怀来地区地壳深部磁性构造与地震的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
应用三维磁性层反演理论和方法，对延庆、怀来地区航磁资料进行了数据处理，反演计算了该区磁性基底埋深、居里等温面埋深和视磁化强度分布。揭示了延庆盆地、矾山盆地、怀来盆地、涿鹿盆地等四个相互联通盆地的磁性基底的定量特征。对该区地震发生的深部原因和地壳内不同特性块体与地震的关系进行了探讨；对该区地震分布的特点进行了研究；初步提出了该区地震的危险区划和今后的重点监测区。 相似文献
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在沙城以东的延庆盆地及其邻近区域内布设了由GDS－1000宽频带数字地震仪组成的流动地震台阵，利用台阵记录的宽频带远震P波波形数据和非线性接收函数反演方法获得了延怀盆地内0-80km深度范围的地壳、上地幔S波速度结构．利用计算机三维彩色剖分显示技术研究了台阵下地壳、上地幔速度结构的横向非均匀变化。结果表明，研究区域内的地壳厚度为40km左右，壳幔界面有4km左右的上下起伏．地表沉积盖层在延庆盆地中心附近厚度约1km，而在向盆地外围延伸的方向上相对变薄．研究区域内上地壳S波速度结构较复杂，而下地壳与上地幔则相对比较均匀．其上地壳最突出的特点是在10km深度附近有明显的S波低速层．在延庆盆地下方，它延伸到6-20km的深度范围．在延庆盆地南侧，该低速层有从西往东逐渐减弱的趋势．研究区域内的地震基本上都发生在延庆盆地下方上地壳低速体外围．据此推断，延庆盆地及其临近区域内的地震活动与该区域地壳内的热状态有密切关系． 相似文献
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北京西北延庆—怀来盆地的地震观测及减轻地震灾害研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
根据历史地震记载、近期地震活动性和构造应力场资料,分析了北京西北延庆－怀来盆地的潜在地震危险性。指出自１９９５年７月２０日至１９９６年７月３０日发生于延庆－怀来盆地的ＭＬ＝４．１地震序列的震源分布,揭示了分布于延庆－怀来盆地的两条共轭断层,位于这两条共轭断层延长线交汇处的怀来县城地区具有断层闭锁区的特征,该闭锁区域的线性尺度与一个６．０级地震震源区的线性尺度相当,但延庆－怀来盆地近期微震活动未显示 相似文献
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本文阐述了英国地质调查所与国家地震局地球物理研究所在北京西北延庆－怀来盆地进行地震学合作研究的过程和取得的成果。 相似文献
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华南沿海沉积盆地的新构造运动及其与地震的关系 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
华南沿海大多数中新生代沉积盆地属于断陷盆地，分析这类盆地的演化发育可以将其划分为完成型、继承型和新生型三类，它们的新构造运动特征，尤其是第四纪以来的活动性有明显差异。通过地质地貌方法初步估算了三类盆地的垂直构造运动的速率，在进行对比后认为，其构造运动的强度与地震活动有密切关系。指出三类盆地主要分布地区的两条地质界线对划分我国东南沿海地震可能有一定意义。 相似文献
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临汾盆地的近代地壳运动 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文利用考古学方法，结合地质地貌、沉积学等方法和震源机制解结果、形变测量等资料，对临汾盆地的近代地壳运动进行了研究，给出了盆地的沉降速率，现代构造应力场方位，主要断裂近代活动特征与小震活动的关系。 相似文献
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DISCUSSION ON THE TIMING AND ITS TECTONIC SIGNIFICANCE OF ANGULAR UNCONFORMITY IN HETAO BASIN IN THE LATE QUATERNARY SEDIMENTS 
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下载免费PDF全文 BAI Luan-xi XU Xi-wei LUO Hao LI Kang LI Meng-ni WEI Lei-ming WANG Qi-xin ZHAO Jun-xiang 《地震地质》1979,42(4):806-824
The interaction between the continental-continental collision of the Indian-Eurasian plate and the westward underthrusting of Pacific plate is generally considered to be the cause of the destruction of North China Craton. At present, there are still doubts in the researches worldwide about the dynamic mechanism of the formation and evolution of the Ordos peripheral fault-depression system and the contemporary tectonic stress field.
The Hetao Basin is a Cenozoic fault basin located between the Ordos block and the Yinshan Mountains. Due to the effect of uplift of the Tibet Plateau and the continuous subduction of the Pacific plate, graben faulting of different intensities occurred in different periods of Cenozoic around the Ordos block. Late Quaternary lacustrine facies sedimentary strata are widely developed in Hetao Basin. The Haolaigou profile, Bianqianhao profile and the Langshan profile in this study are all located in Hetao Basin. According to the lithology and structural analysis of the upper Pleistocene series in the three profiles, angular unconformities of phase 1-2 are recorded in the lacustrine facies sediments with a thickness of about 10m. The dating results of the Haolaigou profile, Bianqianhao profile and Langshan profile show that the formation time of both unconformities is 80ka BP.
Using the tectonic geology, Quaternary geology, stratigraphy, sedimentology and a variety of dating methods, we also carry out a comprehensive study and obtain the following results:
(1)The analysis of lithological and structural features of Haolaigou profile, Bianqianghao profile and Langshan profile in the Hetao Basin shows that multi-phase angular unconformities events are recorded in the lacustrine strata of a thickness of nearly 10m. These unconformities represent the tectonic movement in the late Pleistocene period since the 80ka BP and they may be widely distributed in the North China region. They are probably the direct products of the latest tectonic movement in the Quaternary period.
(2)The present tectonic movement initiates at about 80ka BP. It not only causes multiple angular unconformity events, but also leads to the disappearance of the Hetao ancient lake. The rapid regional epeirogenetic uplifting of the Ordos block since 76.4ka BP should also be the specific manifestation of this tectonic movement. Because of the influence of the accelerated uplifting and eastward spreading of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau in the late Quaternary, the NEE thrusting effect of the Ordos block is enhanced and affected. 相似文献
The Hetao Basin is a Cenozoic fault basin located between the Ordos block and the Yinshan Mountains. Due to the effect of uplift of the Tibet Plateau and the continuous subduction of the Pacific plate, graben faulting of different intensities occurred in different periods of Cenozoic around the Ordos block. Late Quaternary lacustrine facies sedimentary strata are widely developed in Hetao Basin. The Haolaigou profile, Bianqianhao profile and the Langshan profile in this study are all located in Hetao Basin. According to the lithology and structural analysis of the upper Pleistocene series in the three profiles, angular unconformities of phase 1-2 are recorded in the lacustrine facies sediments with a thickness of about 10m. The dating results of the Haolaigou profile, Bianqianhao profile and Langshan profile show that the formation time of both unconformities is 80ka BP.
Using the tectonic geology, Quaternary geology, stratigraphy, sedimentology and a variety of dating methods, we also carry out a comprehensive study and obtain the following results:
(1)The analysis of lithological and structural features of Haolaigou profile, Bianqianghao profile and Langshan profile in the Hetao Basin shows that multi-phase angular unconformities events are recorded in the lacustrine strata of a thickness of nearly 10m. These unconformities represent the tectonic movement in the late Pleistocene period since the 80ka BP and they may be widely distributed in the North China region. They are probably the direct products of the latest tectonic movement in the Quaternary period.
(2)The present tectonic movement initiates at about 80ka BP. It not only causes multiple angular unconformity events, but also leads to the disappearance of the Hetao ancient lake. The rapid regional epeirogenetic uplifting of the Ordos block since 76.4ka BP should also be the specific manifestation of this tectonic movement. Because of the influence of the accelerated uplifting and eastward spreading of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau in the late Quaternary, the NEE thrusting effect of the Ordos block is enhanced and affected. 相似文献
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Kris Vanneste Koen Verbeeck Thierry Camelbeeck Etienne Paulissen Mustapha Meghraoui François Renardy Denis Jongmans Manfred Frechen 《Journal of Seismology》2001,5(3):329-359
Since 1996 paleoseismological investigations have been used to develop the surface- rupturing history of the Bree fault scarp, the morphologically best-defined segment of the southwestern border fault of the Roer Valley graben in northeastern Belgium. The first studies determined that the escarpment is associated with a surface fault, and they exposed evidence for three surface displacements since about 40 ka BP. The most recent eventprobably occurred between 1000 and 1350 yr cal BP. Geophysical and trenching studies at a new site near the southeastern end of the fault scarp reconfirmed the coincidence of the frontal escarpment with a shallow normal fault, which displaces the Middle Pleistocene `Main Terrace' of the Maas River, as well as overlying coversands of Saalian to late Weichselian age. Different amounts of displacement shown by the two youngest coversand units indicate two discrete faulting events, but primary evidence for the coseismic nature of these events is sparse. Radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence dating constrainthe age of these events to the Holocene and between 14.0 ± 2.3 ka BP and 15.8 ± 2.9 ka BP, respectively. In addition, four older surface-rupturing events are inferred from the presence of four wedge-shaped units of reworked Main Terrace deposits that are interbedded with coversand units in the hanging wall of the trench and in shallow boreholes. These wedges are interpreted as colluvial wedges, produced by accelerated slope processes in response torejuvenation of the fault scarp, most probably in a periglacial environment. Luminescence dating indicates that five out of a total of six identified faulting events are younger than 136.6 ± 17.6 ka. The antepenultimate event was the largest faulting event, associated with a total fault displacement in excess of 1 m. Thus, the newly investigated trench site represents the longest and most complete record of surface rupturing recovered so far along the Bree fault scarp. This study also demonstrates the viability of the paleoseismological approach to identify past large earthquakes in areas of present-day moderate to low seismic activity. 相似文献
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通过１个探槽记录、３个地质学剖面、７个晚更新世沉积物表面断层崖形态学剖面和１５个放射性测年数据，论述了延庆盆地北缘断裂带蚕房营段的晚更新世晚期断层作用。这些资料显示出该时期内的两次断层作用事件：最近的一次发生在９８７０±１３０～１１８００±１１００ａＢ．Ｐ．之间，最早不超过１３２００±ｌ１００ａＢ．Ｐ．；较早一次的发生时间为１９８５０±１５５０ａＢ．Ｐ．。一次事件的位移量３．３４～３．６４ｍ，两次事件之间的重复间隔９９８０ａ。大约自２１０５０±１６００ａＢ．Ｐ．以来的垂直位移速度计算为０．３１～０．３４ｍｍ／ａ。蚕房营段的晚更新世晚期的断层作用，以较大的表面位移量和较长的重复间隔为特征。全新世没有类似的断层作用事件 相似文献
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ACTIVITY FEATURES OF FAULTS AT THE EAST OF ZHANGSHAN ON THE MIDDLE SEGMENT OF TANLU FAULT ZONE 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Given the scarcity of research on the activity of Xinyi-Sihong segment of the Tanlu Fault zone, this paper focuses on the Zhangshan segment where there are quite evident geomorphic features to complement the shortage of the research on the northern part of Xinyi-Sihong segment. This study enriches evidences for the late Quaternary activity and paleoseismological events on the Xinyi-Sihong segment. The Zhangshan segment is located at Xiaodian Town to Jintou Village of Suqian City, stretching towards NE for 7 kilometers with a dip angle of 60~80. Research of tectonic geomorphology shows that gullies in northern part of Zhangshan segment were evidently displaced, while in the southern, two NE-trending right-stepped fault scarps are developed, with an average height of 3 meters, which generally suggests that the fault was dominated by thrust and dextral motion. Two trenches were excavated in the southern part of Zhangshan segment, numbered Mayao trench 1 and Mayao trench 2. Both trenches reveal that:(1)within this segment, Tanlu Fault shows periodic fault activity, that is, normal faulting during Pliocene epoch while thrust faulting in Quaternary period; (2)an event occurred between 15.12ka BP to 11.82 BP; (3)the latest event possibly took place around 3 500 a BP. Based on integrated results of previous studies, we identify the dates of paleoseismic events on the Xinyi-Sihong segment as follows:more than 960 thousands years ago, early to middle period of late Pleistocene, (15.12~11.82)ka BP, (11.76±0.05)ka~(10.53±0.05)ka BP, (10.15±0.05)ka~(8.16±0.05)ka BP and 4 960~3 510a BP. 相似文献
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前人在山西交城断裂带上开挖过多个探槽,揭露出全新世3次古地震事件,但其研究结果尚不能确定该断裂带全新世活动段的北部边界.近期在该断裂带北端和中段又开挖了3个大型探槽,其中在阳曲县泥屯盆地西界开挖的龙王沟探槽,是一个由多个探槽组合成的大探槽,该探槽揭示的地层断错信息,将交城断裂带全新世活动的范围向北延伸了20km.另外2个大型探槽分别为交城断裂带中段瓦窑沟东侧台地前缘的瓦窑探槽与市儿口沟西侧T1阶地前缘的新民探槽.这3个大探槽均揭示出全新世中期(14C测年值为距今5 ～ 6ka)的垆土和淤泥层,以及多组平行分布的断面,所揭示的全新世3次古地震事件具有断错事件活动的同步性,可与前人探槽揭示的全新世断层活动事件相对比.3次断错活动时间分别距今3.06 ～3.53ka、5.32ka左右或6.14ka左右、8.36ka左右;3次事件的时间间隔分别为2.02 ～ 2.84ka和2.22 ～ 3.04ka.这些断错事件的同震垂直位移为1.5～4.7m,显示了7级以上地表破裂型的强震活动.最后讨论了探槽中14C测年样品的影响因素. 相似文献
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香河—皇庄断裂位于华北盆地北缘,是京津唐地区一条重要的NE向断裂构造。浅层人工地震反射剖面探测发现,香河—皇庄断裂在廊坊市香河县西马家窝地区表现为一条NE－SW走向的NW倾正断层,剖面上呈铲状,上部略陡,向下逐渐变缓;其对大厂凹陷东缘没有明显的控制作用,为一条新近纪以来形成的断裂,切穿了前中生界基底,且第四纪以来仍有活动。通过部署于断层两侧的构造观察孔岩芯对比及测年数据判断,(6.69±5.6) ka以来香河—皇庄断裂无活动,其上断点很可能位于距地表15～30 m范围内,大致相当于晚更新世早期;在中更新世上部地层中,香河—皇庄断裂存在1.5～1.8 m的垂直落差。香河—皇庄断裂现阶段处于不活动状态,未来发生中强地震的可能性较低。 相似文献
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焉耆盆地是塔里木盆地东北缘天山山间的重要坳陷区,盆地北缘发育的和静逆断裂-褶皱带是一条现今活动强烈的逆断裂-褶皱带,对其第四纪以来缩短量和隆升量的计算有利于分析该区域的构造活动情况,对缩短速率和隆升速率的估计可以与天山造山带其他区域的活动速率进行横向对比,从而反映出焉耆盆地在天山晚新生代构造变形的作用。在深部资料不足的情况下,对背斜形态完整、构造样式简单的和静逆断裂-褶皱带,利用地表可获得的地层和断层产状,通过恢复褶皱几何形态,计算褶皱的缩短量、隆升量和断层滑动量,得到逆断裂-褶皱带早更新世晚期(1.8Ma)、中更新世(780ka)和晚更新世中期(80ka)以来的缩短量分别为1.79km、0.88km和26m,初步估计的缩短速率分别为0.99mm/a、1.13mm/a和0.33mm/a。显示和静逆断裂-褶皱带自开始形成以来构造活动强度并不一致。与地壳形变观测结果对比,作为南天山东段最主要的坳陷区,焉耆盆地吸收了这一区域(86°～88°E)的大部分地壳缩短,且主要表现为盆地北缘新生逆断裂-褶皱带的强烈变形。 相似文献
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青岛沧口断裂的地质构造特征与第四纪活动性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文根据青岛市活断层探测与地震危险性评价项目初查阶段第四纪地层分析、遥感影像解译、地球化学探测、地质地貌调查与探槽开挖、浅层地震勘探与钻孔探测、地质年代测定等获得的丰富的第一手资料,对青岛沧口断裂的地质构造特征和第四纪活动性进行了详细分析与综合研究,结果表明:沧口断裂经历多期构造变动,是本区的重要断裂之一,它由多支断层组成,控制了中生代的火山活动、盆地沉积和岩浆侵入以及晚第四纪的盆地沉积、山体隆升和水系发育;第四纪以来,沧口断裂的主要活动发生于中更新世晚期至晚更新世早期,表现出中高角度向南东倾的逆冲活动特点,错断了上更新统底面1—6m,而最新活动时代为晚更新世中期,以走滑活动为主,垂直错距0.2—1.1m。 相似文献
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The Dengdengshan and Chijiaciwo faults situate in the northeast flank of Kuantanshan uplift at the eastern terminal of Altyn Tagh fault zone, striking northwest as a whole and extending 19 kilometers and 6.5 kilometers for the Dengdengshan and Chijiaciwo Fault, respectively. Based on satellite image interpretation, trenching, faulted geomorphology surveying and samples dating etc., we researched the new active characteristics of the faults. Three-levels of geomorphic surfaces, i.e. the erosion rock platform, terrace I and terrace Ⅱ, could be found in the northeast side of Kuantanshan Mountain. The Dengdengshan Fault dislocated all geomorphic surfaces except terrace I, and the general height of scarp is about 1.5 meters, with the maximum reaching 2.6 meters. Three paleoseismic events are determined since late Pleistocene through trenching, and the total displacement of three events is about 2.7 meters, the average vertical dislocation of each event changed from 0.5 to 1.2 meters. By collecting age samples and dating, the event Ⅰ occurred about 5ka BP, event Ⅱ occurred about 20ka BP, and event Ⅲ occurred about 35ka BP. The recurrence interval is about 15ka BP; and the vertical slip rate since the late Pleistocene is about 0.04mm/a.
The Chijiaciwo Fault, however, dislocated all three geomorphic surfaces, and the general scarp height is about 2.0 meters with the maximum up to 4.0 meters. Three paleoseismic events are determined since late Pleistocene through trenching, and the total displacement of three events is about 3.25 meters, the average vertical dislocation of each event changed from 0.75 to 1.5 meters, and the vertical slip rate since the late Pleistocene is about 0.06mm/a. Although the age constraint of paleoearthquakes on Chijiaciwo Fault is not as good as that of Dengdengshan Fault, the latest event on Chijiaciwo Fault is later than Dengdengshan Fault's. Furthermore, we infer that the recurrence interval of Chijiaciwo Fault is 15ka BP, which is close to that of Dengdengshan Fault.
The latest event on Chijiaciwo Fault is later than the Dengdengshan Fault's, and the vertical displacement and the slip rate of a single event in late Quaternary are both larger than that of Dengdengshan Fault. Additionally, a 5-kilometer-long discontinuity segment exists between these two faults and is covered by Quaternary alluvial sand gravel. All these indicate that the activity of the Chijiaciwo Fault and Dengdengshan Fault has obvious segmentation feature.
The size of Chijiaciwo Fault and Dengdengshan Fault are small, and the vertical slip rate of 0.04~0.06mm/a is far smaller than that of Qilianshan Fault and the NW-striking faults in Jiuxi Basin. All these indeicate that the tectonic deformation of this region is mainly concentrated on Hexi Corrider and the interior of Tibet Plateau, while the activties of Chijiaciwo and Dengdengshan faults are characterized by slow slip rate, long recurrence interval(more than 10ka)and slow tectonic deformation. 相似文献
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ACTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SANWEISHAN FAULT IN THE NORTHERN MARGIN OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU DURING LATE PLEISTOCENE 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The Sanweishan fault is located in the northern margin of the Tibetan plateau. It is a branch of the Altyn Tagh fault zone which extends to the northwest. A detailed study on Late Quaternary activity characteristics of the Sanwei Shan Fault can help understanding the strain distribution of the Altyn Tagh fault zone and regional seismic activity and northward growth of the Tibetan plateau. Previous research on this fault is insufficient and its activity is a controversial issue. Based on satellite images interpretation, field investigations and geological mapping, this study attempts to characterize this feature, especially its activity during Late Quaternary. Trench excavation and sample dating permit to address this issue, including determination of paleoseismic events along this fault.
The results show that the Sanweishan fault is a large-scale active structure. It starts from the Shuangta reservoir in the east, extending southward by Shigongkouzi, Lucaogou, and Shugouzi, terminates south of Xishuigou, with a length of 175km. The fault trends in NEE, dipping SE at angles 50°~70°. It is characterized by left-lateral strike-slip with a component of thrust and local normal faulting. According to the geometry, the fault can be divided into three segments, i.e. Shuangta-Shigongkouzi, Shigongkouzi-Shugouzi and Shugouzi-Xishuigou from east to west, looking like a left-or right-step pattern. Plenty of offset fault landforms appear along the Sanweishan Fault, including ridges, left-lateral strike-slip gullies, fault scarps, and fault grooves. The trench study at the middle and eastern segments of the fault shows its activity during Late Pleistocene, evidenced by displaced strata of this epoch. Identification marks of the paleoearthquakes and sample dating reveal one paleoearthquake that occurred at(40.3±5.2)~(42.1±3.9) ka. 相似文献