共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Beyond world cities: Central America in a global space of flows 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Central America is a region without a world city. Traditionally, the region's national projects have been based upon openness to the world economy: how do the region's contemporary transnational projects connect to the world economy under the new conditions of openness that is contemporary globalization? Focusing upon advanced producer services, three connections into the world city network are identified: global service firms operating directly in Central American cities, local service firms operating indirectly through extra-regional world cities and global service firms operating through Latin American regional offices. Miami is confirmed as the primary world city through which Central America connects into the world economy 相似文献
2.
中资律师事务所全球扩展及其网络空间结构演变 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
运用链锁网络模型,分析了1993-2015年间中资律师事务所全球布局的时空演化特征,及其全球网络的空间结构演变特征。研究发现：①中资律师事务所在西欧、北美和亚太三大区域重点布局的基础上,全球空间覆盖范围迅速扩展,全球布局同时考虑全球金融型中心城市和政治型中心城市等多种类型区位;②中资律师事务所的全球网络,在国内的北京、上海、广州、深圳和海外的香港、纽约、伦敦、迪拜等核心城市构成的骨干网络的基础上不断扩展,其网络的全球化程度也不断增强;③中资律师事务所的全球扩展对北美、西欧、非洲、中东以及东欧等区域城市的全球网络联系影响较大,对空间临近的亚太地区影响相对较小,这也与以往研究结论存在一定的差异。 相似文献
3.
LARRY R. FORD 《Geographical review》1998,88(4):528-547
ABSTRACT. “Midtown” is an important but understudied component of the morphology and historical evolution of North American and, to a lesser extent, European cities, and landmark buildings have played a notable role in giving midtowns identity and prestige. Especially significant are the recent diffusion and expansion of the twinned “midtown-skyscraper” concept to the major cities of East and Southeast Asia. For a variety of reasons, it is likely that massive midtowns anchored by famous buildings will become most evident on the western fringe of the Pacific Rim. Western architectural, engineering, and planning firms are playing major roles in this diffusion and illustrate nicely the importance of exporting the service component of the global economy. Buildings and midtowns provide (reinforced) concrete examples of the impact of the new global economy on the landscapes of major cities. 相似文献
4.
Gateway cities have received much attention from urban geographers. In spite of outstanding contributions being made, we think that the concept needs to be revisited with regard to regional development implications. Bringing together research on global production networks (GPNs) and world cities, this article shows that gateway cities are critical for development in networks, generating impulses for peripheral locations by engaging them in processes of “strategic coupling.” Yet, gateway cities also concentrate segments of GPNs to the detriment of their hinterlands. We conceptualize gateway cities with the aid of five features: logistics and transport, industrial processing, corporate control, service provision and knowledge generation. Our concept allows for an understanding of cities in global and regional economic processes beyond corporate headquarters, corporate services and governance – that is, beyond the boundaries of existing research. It unsettles traditional understandings of strategic coupling and world cities, filling a lacuna on city–hinterland connections. 相似文献
5.
P.J. Taylor M.A. Doel M. Hoyler D.R.F. Walker J.V. Beaverstock 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2000,21(3):233-245
A new evaluation of the Pacific Rim concept is presented. The originality of this test for regional coherence is to be found in the basic units being analysed: cities instead of states. Based on a theoretical framework that identifies world city and world city network formation in terms of the office networks of advanced producer service firms, we use a principal components analysis to analyse a data set of 28 Pacific Rim cities and 46 global service firms. This identifies five main groupings of cities in terms of similar mixes of corporate service firms: a western Rim group; a group of ‘old Commonwealth’ cities; a market communist group of cities; Tokyo as a global city; and US cities as a specific separate group. These results confirm numerous earlier studies that were sceptical of the existence of a coherent Pacific Rim region. However, the particular approach adopted here allows us to identify the Pacific Rim generically as a particularly pernicious construct. We conclude that the Pacific Rim is a geographical chaotic conception. 相似文献
6.
This article presents a large-scale analysis of the trajectories of individual cities and regions in the world city network between 2000 and 2012. The methodology used to examine cities' evolving network centralities is based on advanced producer services firms “interlocking” cities through their worldwide distribution of offices. We do not limit our analysis to a limited set of putative world cities, but incorporate 157 cities from all world regions into this global urban analysis. Absolute and relative measures of change are developed to reveal the major dimensions of change. The most notable finding is that significant connectivity gains have been limited to a small set of cities (Dubai, Shanghai, Beijing, and Moscow in particular) in the face of persisting core–periphery patterns at the level of the global economy, with New York and London remaining firmly at the apex. At the same time, overall levels of connectivity in the world city network have clearly risen, suggesting an increasingly integrated network. In geographical terms, a west-to-east shift is discernible, albeit uneven. 相似文献
7.
从全球生产网络到全球金融网络：理解全球-地方经济联系的新框架 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
全球化带来的新国际劳动分工使全球生产网络(Global Production Network, GPN)成为研究全球经济与区域发展的重要框架。与此同时,金融在现代社会经济运行中的地位日益提升,经济金融化在全球不同尺度下深刻影响着经济活动的空间分布和网络。因此,金融已经成为GPN研究不能忽略的重要环节。更重要的是,金融化带来的逻辑也日益深刻地影响到GPN的演化和运行。尽管GPN研究日益重视金融的作用,并开始研究金融业的全球生产网络,但是随着越来越多的企业通过获得国际股权投资或者在境外资本市场上市等方式融入全球资本市场,主要从生产角度理解地方经济融入全球过程的GPN难以对该现象深入分析。全球金融网络(Global Financial Network, GFN)为刻画和分析这个过程提供了新的框架。在这个分析框架中,地方经济体通过高级商业服务业(Advanced Business Service, ABS)企业与世界城市(国际金融中心)和离岸管辖区产生联系,从而融入GFN。论文介绍了GFN的基本结构,探讨了地方经济融入GFN的主要方式及其产生的影响。最后,提出GFN未来在理论和实证方面可继续深入研究的方向。 相似文献
8.
With so many sports becoming increasingly popular,sports have come to play an important role in promoting the process of globalization and formatting the world city network(WCN).Previous studies have constructed the WCN based on the distribution of international sport federations (ISFs) and the sites of international sport events (ISEs),but there is still a lack of systematic research on the intercity connections caused by ISEs.Taking three most recent Olympic Games as cases,this paper explores intercity connections and WCN based on ISEs.The results show that (1) the Olympic WCN has city nodes around the world except in Antarctica,and the number and activity values of the cities in host countries may increase intensively during the Olympic Games.(2) A hierarchical city system with four tiers (global central cities,specialized central cities,national central cities and specialized cities) is formed by the intercity connections caused by the Olympic Games.(3) The WCN based on the Olympic Games,is made up of many subnetworks,while many differences occur due to the diverse decisions made by the Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (OCOG),host cities or even host countries in the events associated with sponsorship activity and publicity activity.This study not only broadens the relevant fields of sports culture-oriented WCN re-search but also explores the instability of the WCN,which makes it an effective reference for WCN research based on ISEs. 相似文献
9.
全球城市理论与中国的国际城市建设 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
全球城市是多因素作用的结果,研究范式由20世纪70年代的马克思主义政治经济学向全球与地区相互作用的范式转换。全球城市体系的划分从单一指标向经济与文化结合的多指标方向发展。但如何选取指标,如何进行指标的测量,如何确定各指标的权重分配以及如何采集城市间相互作用的数据与资料,都是全球城市研究要面对的重要问题。中国的全球城市建设要从全球城市体系的等级、位序规律出发,根据社会经济发展的实际,要有步骤、有目标、分阶段,稳步推进,逐步提升城市发展的层次,促进城市国际化的步伐,建设中国的国际城市。 相似文献
10.
中国新企业成立空间差异的影响因素——以金属制品业为例 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
新企业是产业空间重构的重要驱动力。采用1998-2007年中国工业企业数据库,以金属制品业为例,发现金属制品业新企业成立的活跃地区由东部沿海转向中西部地区,特别是中部地区。随后建立“全球链接、区域竞争和地方环境”的分析框架,通过城市层面的面板Tobit模型,考察新企业成立空间差异的影响因素,并突出企业效率在这些因素作用过程中的影响。研究发现：① 外向型城市有利于新企业成立;低效率的新企业只是追求劳动力的低成本,但是高效率的新企业还能兼顾劳动力的高质量。② 区域市场潜力大的城市有利于新企业成立。③ 市场化环境好的城市有利于新企业成立,地方化经济对新企业成立无显著影响,而适度的相关多样化能够促进高效率新企业成立。 相似文献
11.
经典世界城市理论主要关注生产性服务业,较少关注制造业,其基于英美城市经验提出的世界城市产业关系弱化的观点已逐渐受到质疑。本文以中国广汽本田和德国空客汉堡为例,通过实地调研和企业访谈方法,剖析和比较制造业地域嵌入生产性服务业的过程与模式,探讨其影响因素。研究发现：世界城市制造业地域嵌入生产性服务业经历了嵌入初期、扩大发展、优化完善3个阶段,并表现为集团推动型嵌入、客户追随型嵌入、地方购买型嵌入等模式;成本和市场规模、企业策略和文化、地方企业服务水平、经济环境和基础设施等对制造业的地域嵌入具有重要的影响。研究从企业微观层面更细致和动态地揭示制造业与生产性服务业共同发展的世界城市产业关联紧密的特征,进一步丰富和完善世界城市产业关系的理论探讨和实证研究。 相似文献
12.
Searching for the Mecca of finance: Islamic financial services and the world city network 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
This paper presents an analysis of the geography of the booming 'Islamic financial services' (IFS) sector, which provides a host of financial services based on Islamic religious grounds. The relevance of such an analysis is discussed against the conceptual backdrop of the world city network literature. It is argued that a focus on the globalisation of the IFS sector may provide an alternative to hegemonic geographical imaginations of world city-formation through its focus on other forms of globalising economic processes and regions that do not commonly feature in this literature. Based on information on the location strategies of 28 leading IFS firms in 64 cities across the world, we analyse different features of this decentred global urban geography. Manama is hereby identified as the Mecca of the IFS sector, while other major Gulf cities such as Dubai and Abu Dhabi are also primary nodes in this urban network. Other major Middle East North Africa (MENA) cities such as Tehran follow suit, but also more traditional financial centres such as London are well connected. 相似文献
13.
Eihan Shimizu 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(11):1453-1470
A distance cartogram is a diagram that visualizes the proximity indices between points in a network, such as time–distances between cities. The Euclidean distances between the points on the distance cartogram represent the given proximity indices. This is a useful visualization tool for the level of service of transport, e.g. difference in the level of service between regions or points in a network and its improvement in the course of time. The two previously proposed methods—multidimensional scaling (MDS) and network time–space mapping—have certain advantages and disadvantages. However, we observe that these methods are essentially the same, and the merits of both these methods can be combined to formulate a generalized solution. In this study, we first formulate the time–space mapping problem, which includes the key features of both of the above stated methods, and propose a generalized solution. We then apply this solution to the time–distances of Japan's railway networks to confirm its applicability. 相似文献
14.
长江三角洲巨型城市区特征分析 总被引：20，自引：4，他引：16
巨型城市区的概念于1999年由P. Hall提出,是中心大城市向新的或临近的较小城市极度扩散后所形成的,是21世纪初正在出现的新城市模式,其概念强调区域在全球化中的作用,并认为城市间高级生产性服务业产生的联系与区域的多中心结构相关联。近年来,长江三角洲作为中国最大的经济核心区,城市发展呈现出新的趋势和特点,上海依托长三角腹地建设全球城市成为共识,以上海为中心的大都市连绵带正在向巨型城市区演变。在介绍巨型城市区的概念的基础上,从多中心、功能性和网络性三个角度对长江三角洲巨型城市区的特征进行了初步分析,并指出长江三角洲巨型城市区是一个多中心网络状的城市区域。 相似文献
15.
This study examines the spatiality of interlocking directorates of Canadian companies, with particular emphasis given to international interlocks. From a geographical standpoint, do these connections to foreign firms reinforce the importance of Canada’s top corporate cities as ‘gateways’ to international business? Is there a geography associated with the interlocking to these gateway cities? Findings build on James O. Wheeler’s body of research focused on corporate headquarters. This study is placed within the context of the current economic geography dialogue. Particular focus is placed on Saxenian’s theory of brain circulation, wherein she argues that individuals with international experience serve as brokers linking domestic businesses with those in distant regions. A further purpose of this study then is to examine Saxenian’s argument in the context of Canadian corporations. First, is there a geographical association between directors’ foreign educations and where Canadian firms are interlocked to internationally? Second, the corporate performance of Canadian firms interlocked internationally will be measured against those firms that are not. It seems logical to assume that increased connections would yield more diverse and rich knowledge, which could lead to better decisions, and thus corporate performance, in today’s global world. But does it? This study finds that being linked to an international company through a common director did translate into more profitability for Canadian firms. Findings also revealed a geographical link between international interlocks and a director’s foreign education. However, when Canadian firms were interlocked with an international company with a director who had international education, greater profits did not necessarily result. 相似文献
16.
17.
《The Journal of geography》2012,111(5):179-190
Abstract Current regionalizations of Africa have limitations in that they are attribute-based and regions are delineated according to national boundaries. Taking the world city network approach as starting point, it is possible to use relational data (i.e., information about the relationships between cities) rather than attribute data, and moreover, it becomes possible to ignore state boundaries by delineating the regions based on the location of the interaction structure between cities. This research uses airline data. A network analysis is performed on the number of passengers who fly between cities in Africa. A subregional map is created based on the results. 相似文献
18.
世界城市历史研究作为新兴的研究领域,虽然突破了世界城市经典理论的“现代主义”视角,证明全球化对城市空间转变的作用具有长期性,但仍局限在“经济主义”的分析范畴之内,将经济因素视为决定性动力。20世纪初期,广州东山地区完成由“乡村地区”向“社会精英阶层居住地”的空间转变,促使城市空间格局由“东村西富”变为“东贵西富”。这场具有历史意义的空间转变是教会、华侨、政府、官僚4种动力相互作用、相继推动的结果。东山地区的发展历史表明,除经济联系外,城市的全球文化联系对空间转变同样具有重要推动作用。在一些特定的城市或城市中的特定地区,社会文化动力对城市空间转变具有决定性的作用。 相似文献
19.
Black Holes and Loose Connections in a Global Urban Network 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
John Rennie Short 《The Professional geographer》2004,56(2):295-302
This paper introduces the concept of black holes and loose connections in a global urban hierarchy. Black holes are defined as large cities, with a population of over 3 million, that are not classified as world cities. The paper draws upon a classification that uses advanced producer services as an indicator of world city status. Large, nonworld cities are identified, and provisional ideas about explaining their position are outlined. Connectivity and population data are used in a simple regression analysis to identify loose connections: cities whose connectivity is less than that predicted by their population. 相似文献
20.
经济全球化背景下中国经济发展空间格局的演变趋势研究 总被引：12，自引：6，他引：6
全球化已经成为对国家、地区和企业制定发展策略产生重要影响的因素之一。参与经济全球化已经对中国区域发展空间格局产生了重要影响。在分析中国国际贸易和利用外资现状及发展趋势的基础上,根据相关理论预测了在经济全球化趋势下中国未来区域发展空间格局的可能情景。中国的比较生产成本和市场规模优势仍将对外商直接投资形成较大的吸引力,将进一步强化中国作为"世界工厂"的地位。随着中国进一步参与经济全球化,外资和外贸的发展将促进和强化中国的"T"型空间格局的形成。在这个"T"型空间骨架上将形成若干个以主要门户城市为核心的、具有一定国际竞争力的大都市经济区。 相似文献