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1.
GRANT HUNTER 《New Zealand geographer》2000,56(2):47-51
There are opportunities for more effectively integrating resource‐based recreation and tourism with goals for primary production and nature conservation across a range of landscapes and land tenure types. ‘Naturalness’ sought for recreation and tourism, like biodiversity, is not confined to the conservation estate, and the ‘recreation estate’ extends into private land. Although it may be argued that ongoing privatisation of land ownership reduces public opportunities for recreation, diversity in ownership, at least at the regional level, enhances the overall spectrum of recreational opportunities. Diversification into recreation and tourism on private land may also help protect biodiversity through such processes as ‘sympathetic management’, as well as by making production land‐use systems more economically robust. 相似文献
2.
Forestland divestment by vertically integrated forest products companies (VIFPCs) has spurred significant forest ownership change. To illuminate these dynamics, we examined land sales after VIFPC divestment, subsequent acquisitions of conserved land, and trends in recreational access in Wisconsin. We documented changes from 1999 to 2015 with analysis of tax program records and profiles of the state’s largest investor owners, Plum Creek and The Forestland Group. Nearly all VIFPC land was sold to investors, public agencies, or smaller corporate and private owners. State tax and land acquisition programs buffered these changes: 70% of large private ownership land was retained in the forest tax program and another 16% was acquired by public and nonprofit owners. More than one-quarter of divested forestland was placed in conservation easements. Nonetheless, large private forestland open to public recreation declined by almost one-third. Investor strategies and conservation programs shaped the provision of forest benefits during ownership transitions. 相似文献
3.
This study addresses the public's perceptions of their access rights to the New Zealand countryside for outdoor recreation. An interviewer‐administered questionnaire survey of 300 Christchurch residents investigated people's knowledge of their access rights, perceptions of access mechanisms, the availability of access information and their experiences of gaining access to land. Whilst individuals are aware of their rights in a general sense, and feel confident they know where they can go, their level of knowledge was found to be low. Findings indicate that knowledge of access rights exerts a strong influence over where people recreate. 相似文献
4.
ABSTRACT. Group identity serves as a mechanism for claiming rights of control and access to land in the United States. Public land managers face myriad identity‐based claims to land in their care. Identity shapes claims that must appear valid within the strictures of a legal system created by a dominant culture to serve its interests. The very form of those systems—of which public lands are a large part—makes possible the expression of particular forms of identity. The story of the Coast Miwok community and the Point Reyes National Seashore suggests that geographical links among identity, landscape, and history are actively constructed through political work and rarely are as obvious as they first appear. Both the formal legal process of federal tribal recognition and restoration and the far less formal Coast Miwok claims to land at Point Reyes National Seashore teach important lessons about neotraditional identity‐based claims to public land. 相似文献
5.
This paper provides historical context for contemporary discourses on landownership, notably the changing scale of absentee landownership and foreign ownership since 1849. Trends in landownership since European occupation of one of the most agriculturally productive regions in south east Australia, the Lachlan River catchment, are examined at regional, shire and district scales. Evolution of tenure indicates that absentee landowners owned most of the land until after 1935, but between the 1860s and 1970 the proportion of landowners who were resident landowners increased. In 1970, resident landowners owned most land. Since 1970, absentee landownership has increased, the most dramatic increase occurring after 1990. By 2009, absentee landownership had reached the high levels of 1849. While most contemporary types of landowners have historical antecedents, new trends include changes in the country of origin of foreign investors, increased small property ownership by city-based individuals and the establishment of Indigenous incorporated ownership. 相似文献
6.
长春市公共服务设施用地演变格局与机制 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
公共服务设施用地是城市功能用地的主要组成部分,公共服务设施用地的集聚与扩散可以更直接地揭示城市空间结构与城市中心地的演变特征。本文以长春市中心城区为研究范围,利用城市用地现状图、地形图等数据资源,借助GIS软件,采用核密度、斑块聚合度指数等方法,分析了长春市2003-2013年公共服务设施用地演变特征与机制。研究发现：公共服务设施用地规模增速低于城市建成区的增速;公共服务设施用地演变特征的圈层差异明显;公共服务设施用地空间结构从“单一化核心+多次级中心”到“多样化核心+多次级中心”,空间格局从“大分散、小集中”到“大集中、小分散”;城市不同公共服务设施用地类型表现出不同的演变特征;城市公共服务设施用地演变机制为城市功能空间的整体提升、城市功能空间的互动耦合、土地利用的市场竞争、交通设施与网络的完善、城市规划的引导与调控、城市大事件的快速推动。 相似文献
7.
Many conservation initiatives are based on natural science alone, despite an extensive body of literature demonstrating that the incorporation of social science generates more successful and lasting outcomes. The Land Use Value (LUV) scale is an example of a social science tool that grassland conservation practitioners can use to improve their understanding of the land use decisions of private agricultural landowners. Drawing on data from a mail survey, we demonstrated the utility of the LUV scale to segment agricultural producers by four LUV types (Humans First, Nature First, Interconnected, and Disconnected) with significantly different motivations and land use behaviors. This information can be used to evaluate and align grassland conservation practices, policies, and messaging with the LUV types of private agricultural landowners. Tools like the LUV scale are critical to building the social science capacity of conservation professionals and organizations, in order to improve the efficacy of conservation initiatives. 相似文献
8.
Recurring issues in the social sciences concern the distribution of public facilities such as parks and equity of access to them. Geographers have observed that access has perceptual as well as physical dimensions and that perceptions of difference can affect use of public space. This study explores the nature of greenways as public space and a set of issues related to equity of access to greenway trails in Indianapolis, Indiana. The study uses proximity as a measure of access and simple GIS analyses of census and other data to assess equality of access. Evidence is provided that suggests that minorities and the poor have disproportionate access to trails. It is also shown that populations adjacent to the trails differ and that the populations along particular trails are segregated. Spatial differences in trail populations are associated with historic land use patterns and population movements within the city. The implications of the findings of difference for use of the greenways system are explored. Implications for management of the greenways system—including achievement of the goal of linking neighborhoods—are also discussed. 相似文献
9.
Finding common ground: relational concepts of land tenure and economy in the oil palm frontier of Papua New Guinea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In the oil palm frontier regions of West New Britain and Oro provinces, Papua New Guinea, customary land tenure arrangements are changing in response to the growing demand for land for agricultural development. This paper examines one aspect of these changes, namely the gifting and selling of customary land for oil palm development to people who have no customary birthrights to the land. By analysing how access rights are maintained over the relatively long cultivation cycle of oil palm (approximately 25 years), and in the context of the rapidly changing socio-economic and demographic environments of the oil palm frontiers, the paper demonstrates that while land transactions seemingly entail the commodification of land, land rights and security of land tenure remain embedded in social relationships. For customary landowners, the moral basis of land rights is contingent on 'outsiders' maintaining particular kinds of social and economic relationships with their customary landowning 'hosts'. In exploring how these social relationships are constituted through the performance of particular kinds of exchange relationships, the paper provides insights into relational concepts of land rights and how these are able to persist in Papua New Guinea's oil palm frontier regions where resource struggles are often intense and where large migrant populations are seeking land for agricultural development. 相似文献
10.
Lizbeth A. Pyle 《The Professional geographer》1986,38(4):343-349
Landowners can choose either to sell or to hold their land in areas with active rural land markets. Sellers and nonsellers are both important because their decisions shape patterns of land use. Analysis of mail survey data from 286 landowners in the Rochester, MN SMSA isolates four characteristics that distinguish sellers from nonsellers: occupation, size of landholding, recent acquisition of land, and interest in selling land. Nonsellers are often farmers with a large landholding and no interest in selling. More information is needed about their non-economic motives for holding land. 相似文献
11.
Angie Carter 《社会与自然资源》2019,32(8):893-910
Women own or co-own approximately half of the farmland in Iowa, United States, yet researchers are only beginning to study these landowners’ social relationships in relation to their land. This study analyzes qualitative data collected in Iowa through a series of meetings hosted by the Women, Food and Agriculture Network (WFAN). I find that social control through exclusion constrains women landowners’ access to information about and implementation of conservation. Specifically, I identify how women landowners experience the social processes of boundary maintenance and othering in land management. These processes create barriers to conservation adoption and maintain gendered agricultural landscapes. The women who participated in WFAN’s conservation programs express their experience of and resistance to dominant narratives as they attempt to create landscape change. These findings highlight the importance of further study of inequality processes and their relation to control of farmland if conservation goals are to be met. 相似文献
12.
The increase in the number of mountain bikers world‐wide has raised a number of issues associated with impacts and appropriate management strategies. Studies in the USA, UK and New Zealand have indicated a growing concern with environmental impacts, demonstrated attitudes of other recreationalists to mountain bikers and identified a number of management issues. This article presents the findings from field research conducted during the southern summer of 1997/8. The research was carried out in association with the Palmerston North City Council (PNCC) and the Manawatu Mountain Bike Club. The aims of the research were to investigate the demographics of mountain bikers and related management issues. Key findings of the field research were that: access to mountain biking opportunities was a problem; information provision was poor; there was conflict between user groups; there was a lack of agreement on whether there should be dedicated or multi‐use tracks. The article discusses how the research findings have been used to assist in the creation of an outdoor recreation and tourism strategy for Palmerston North. A model for managing recreation /tourism activities is also suggested. 相似文献
13.
Based on the case study of peripheral urban areas in Beijing, this paper aims to identify the factors which will influence the spatial distribution of peri-urban recreation areas, by analyzing the collected data from questionnaires, online survey, documentation and field investigations (2007). In order to achieve sound information, relevant data from different management departments, owners and land-use types involved in the case study area are collected. A sampling database for peri-urban recreation areas in Beijing is established, and GIS spatial analyses as well as statistic analyses are applied. The result indicates that spatial distribution of recreation areas is majorly influenced by four factors, e.g. tourism attractions and environmental conditions, policy and spatial governance, consumption demand and preference, land price and availability. Tourism attractions and environmental conditions are dominant factors for public recreation areas. Commercial recreation areas are highly related with accessibility. Agricultural recreation areas are usually attached to special farmlands near large-scaled scenic areas. Meanwhile, recreational business clusters have appeared in suburbs influenced by mass recreation market growth. Controlled by the land price, commercial recreation areas are differentiated on their scales and developing intensity. Policy and spatial governance have made arrangements of recreation areas more balancing and more human- oriented. A peri-urban recreation area model is therefore established on the basis of this analysis, which can guide urban planning and designing, land-use planning and recreation resource development. 相似文献
14.
Based on the case study of peripheral urban areas in Beijing, this paper aims to identify the factors which will influence
the spatial distribution of peri-urban recreation areas, by analyzing the collected data from questionnaires, online survey,
documentation and field investigations (2007). In order to achieve sound information, relevant data from different management
departments, owners and land-use types involved in the case study area are collected. A sampling database for peri-urban recreation
areas in Beijing is established, and GIS spatial analyses as well as statistic analyses are applied. The result indicates
that spatial distribution of recreation areas is majorly influenced by four factors, e.g. tourism attractions and environmental
conditions, policy and spatial governance, consumption demand and preference, land price and availability. Tourism attractions
and environmental conditions are dominant factors for public recreation areas. Commercial recreation areas are highly related
with accessibility. Agricultural recreation areas are usually attached to special farmlands near large-scaled scenic areas.
Meanwhile, recreational business clusters have appeared in suburbs influenced by mass recreation market growth. Controlled
by the land price, commercial recreation areas are differentiated on their scales and developing intensity. Policy and spatial
governance have made arrangements of recreation areas more balancing and more human-oriented. A peri-urban recreation area
model is therefore established on the basis of this analysis, which can guide urban planning and designing, land-use planning
and recreation resource development. 相似文献
15.
《地理学报(英文版)》2010,(5)
Based on the case study of peripheral urban areas in Beijing,this paper aims to identify the factors which will influence the spatial distribution of peri-urban recreation areas,by analyzing the collected data from questionnaires,online survey,documentation and field investigations(2007).In order to achieve sound information,relevant data from different management departments,owners and land-use types involved in the case study area are collected.A sampling database for peri-urban recreation areas in Beijing is established,and GIS spatial analyses as well as statistic analyses are applied.The result indicates that spatial distribution of recreation areas is majorly influenced by four factors,e.g.tourism attractions and environmental conditions,policy and spatial governance,consumption demand and preference,land price and availability.Tourism attractions and environmental conditions are dominant factors for public recreation areas.Commercial recreation areas are highly related with accessibility.Agricultural recreation areas are usually attached to special farmlands near large-scaled scenic areas.Meanwhile,recreational business clusters have appeared in suburbs influenced by mass recreation market growth.Controlled by the land price,commercial recreation areas are differentiated on their scales and developing intensity.Policy and spatial governance have made arrangements of recreation areas more balancing and more human-oriented.A peri-urban recreation area model is therefore established on the basis of this analysis,which can guide urban planning and designing,land-use planning and recreation resource development. 相似文献
16.
《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):343-349
Landowners can choose either to sell or to hold their land in areas with active rural land markets. Sellers and nonsellers are both important because their decisions shape patterns of land use. Analysis of mail survey data from 286 landowners in the Rochester, MN SMSA isolates four characteristics that distinguish sellers from nonsellers: occupation, size of landholding, recent acquisition of land, and interest in selling land. Nonsellers are often farmers with a large landholding and no interest in selling. More information is needed about their non-economic motives for holding land. 相似文献
17.
Outdoor recreation is a widely recognized cultural ecosystem service. Ensuring that appropriate, high quality recreation opportunities are available requires, among other factors, knowledge of the environmental preferences of recreation users and spatial indicators of where those environmental features exist on the landscape and offer the potential to meet recreation goals. Diverse types of outdoor recreation exist, and different forms of recreation may be associated with different environmental features. The focus of this study is off-road vehicle (ORV) recreation. We demonstrate how readily available spatial environmental datasets, including high resolution image data provided within GoogleEarth, can be used to develop a cost-effective, objective indicator of ORV recreation across a landscape, which can inform management to provide desired recreation opportunities while protecting ecologically sensitive areas.ORV recreational tracks were delineated from GoogleEarth imagery throughout our study area in the Great Western Woodlands of Western Australia. In this region, ORV use is a popular recreation activity and a growing concern of conservation organizations, but is not yet actively managed. Most recreational ORV tracks in the study area are informal and user-created. Mapped ORV recreation tracks were used to model and map the environmental associations of ORV recreation. The pattern of existing tracks indicated associations between recreation and noteworthy environmental amenities in the study area such as the shores of salt lakes and rock outcrops with high ecological and cultural value. However, one of the most important determinants of ORV track presence was accessibility, especially proximity to a road. Access infrastructure, such as proximity to roads, is often used to proxy demand and use in expert-based spatial assessments of ecosystem services. The results of our empirical model underscore the importance of incorporating patterns of both supply (i.e., desired natural amenities) and demand (i.e., access) into ecosystem service assessments. In addition, when integrated with maps of environmental sensitivity and more detailed information about human use, the predictive map of areas providing potential recreation experiences can be used for comprehensive spatial planning of sustainable ORV recreation. One possibility suggested by our results is that careful planning and management of access routes may be an effective means to achieve sustainable ORV recreation. 相似文献
18.
《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2018,39(3):401-420
The Indian state is empowered to acquire land on behalf of private companies by virtue of ‘eminent domain’ outlined in the Land Acquisition Act 1894. Several amendments to the 1894 Land Acquisition Act have broadened the purview of the ‘public purpose’ clause and have facilitated more state intervention in land acquisition on behalf of private capital. Rather than questioning the legitimacy of the prevailing practice of state intervention to resolve the glitches of access to land by private corporations, the New Act of 2013 has expanded the ambit of ‘public purpose’ to include public‐private‐partnership projects. This paper seeks to look into the political economy of why the neoliberal state must continue to acquire land on behalf of the capitalists in the liberalized economy. This paper also attempts to bring out the implications of divergent livelihood outcome under state acquisition and direct corporate land purchase for the land acquisition framework in India through the case study of Rajarhat New Town in West Bengal. 相似文献
19.
Tina Svan Hansen 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2005,26(2):170-190
This paper focuses on the large‐scale land use and land cover changes that have taken place in Sarawak state, East Malaysia over the three decades of 1972‐2002. Results are presented from a detailed land use and cover change (LUCC) study in the Niah River catchment using satellite imagery, questionnaire surveys and interviews. Successive waves of land cover changes have taken place. Large forest areas have been logged and gradually replaced by oil palm plantations, which now occupy more than 40 per cent of the total land area in the catchment. Concurrently, small‐scale farming systems have also changed. Formerly dominant Iban shifting cultivation practices are increasingly being replaced by cash crop production on permanent fields and impacted by off‐farm activities involving many ethnic groups. It is argued that land cover changes are continuous and complex processes involving a large number of variables which can be analysed for different time periods at various scales. 相似文献
20.
北京市郊区游憩空间分布规律 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8
郊区是城市发展的腹地,郊区游憩空间不仅能够满足都市居民出游的需求,而且对维护城市生态安全具有重要意义。本文选取北京作为案例地,对郊区的游憩空间布局规律进行研究。在前期研究的基础上,结合网络、文献、调研收集数据,将游憩空间按照功能划分为3类：公共游憩空间、商业游憩空间与附属游憩空间;将不同功能、不同经营主体与不同土地利用的游憩空间组织起来,从而建立北京郊区游憩空间采样数据库,采用GIS空间分析的技术手段得出结论。研究发现,北京郊区各类游憩空间布局具有空间分异规律。公共游憩空间中风景名胜区分布在远郊的山区;城市公园与城市形态相关;郊野公园属于政策导向型的游憩空间,在一定程度上缓解了资源本底条件造成的游憩空间不均匀分布。商业游憩空间呈现产品的空间分异,并与交通、水系条件密切相关;乡村游憩设施依托于大型景区,并与农业传统相关。北京郊区的游憩空间已经初步具备网络结构并向纵深发展,出现了产业集中区。最后指出北京游憩空间布局中存在的不合理现象和改进的方向。该研究旨在构建都市游憩空间的有机结构,为城市规划与游憩管理提供科学依据。 相似文献