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1.
沙漠区地表吸收作用强烈,导致地震成像资料分辨率降低,VSP相比常规地面地震具有更高的信噪比,波场特征更加清晰。利用VSP下行波场提取相对准确的吸收衰减因子(Q),然后对三维地面地震进行反Q滤波处理,实现了相对保幅条件下的提高分辨率目的。应用结果表明,基于VSP资料的井驱Q补偿技术使得目标储层地震分辨率更高,更有利于储层预测和钻井目标优选。 相似文献
2.
当前油气勘探目标已由简单构造油气藏转向深层复杂构造油气藏,其具有的储层薄、分布广、赋存状态隐蔽等特点对地震偏移成像技术提出了巨大挑战。与地面地震相比,井中地震震源位于井中,靠近目的层,且波场少一次经过低降速带,因此理论上具有资料信噪比高、储层识别力强等优点,能够实现井周储层精细成像的目的。然而,井中地震特殊的观测方式使得成熟的地面地震成像技术难以直接应用。此外,井中地震震源能量弱,地层的吸收衰减效应的影响强于地面地震。因此,需要发展针对性的井中地震偏移成像方法。鉴于上述因素,本文将粘声逆时偏移成像方法应用至井中地震,通过模型试算探讨多种因素对井中地震偏移成像效果的影响,为井中地震技术在实际中的应用提供理论支持和技术指导。 相似文献
3.
对一种能增强工程地震勘探数据质量的新叠加技术——零偏移距共反射面叠加进行了研究。目前模拟零偏移距剖面常规方法存在需要精确宏速度模型及不能对地下反射界面产生最佳照明的问题,而零偏移距共反射面叠加具有完全数据驱动、与宏速度模型无关、能够产生对地下反射界面最佳照明及提高模拟零偏移距剖面成像质量的优势。针对零偏移距共反射面叠加还未在国内工程地震勘探中进行广泛应用的现状,详细介绍了零偏移距共反射面叠加基本原理及其实现过程,并使用一套人工合成断层模型数据及来自某高速公路段附近一条二维测线的实际工程地震勘探数据进行了测试计算。理论模型试算结果及在工程地震勘探实际资料处理中的应用表明零偏移距共反射面叠加可提高地震数据信噪比,增强地震反射同相轴连续性,改善模拟零偏移距剖面质量,是一种非常有发展前景的工程地震成像方法。 相似文献
4.
利用VSP子波替换提高地面地震资料的分辨率 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
子波反褶积是地面地震处理中提高成像分辨率的常用方法,而做好子波反褶积的关键是计算反褶积算子。地面地震资料受本身分辨率和信噪比的影响,处理中难以得到精确的反褶积算子。本文利用VSP资料的高分辨率、高信噪比的优势,从中提取子波,然后用地面子波向VSP子波进行匹配,计算出较为精确的反褶积算子,用于叠后地面地震资料子波替换反褶积处理。实例处理结果表明,此方法能使地面地震剖面的分辨率明显提高,同相轴的连续性得到改善,波阻特征有所加强,整体质量得到较大改进。 相似文献
5.
井地联合提取VTI介质各向异性参数 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在新疆塔里木盆地某地区的宽方位三维地震数据中,VTI介质火成岩的各向异性和垂向速度变化引起非双曲线时差。通过对实际资料的系统分析,我们不能利用DMO反演法,移动震源VSP反演法和多偏移距VSP初至旅行时反演法提取Thomsen参数用于各向异性地震资料的处理。因此本文提出一个新的方法:运用地震资料和零偏移距VSP井求取火成岩的各向异性参数δ;在比较精确确定火成岩地层深度和厚度的情况下,利用偏移距VSP井,求取了各向异性参数ε,从而获得火成岩的瞬时各向异性参数η;充分考虑VTI介质垂向速度变化对时差曲线的影响,获得了各向异性参数ηeff。最后,利用所提取的各向异性参数,进行VTI介质各向异性速度分析和成像,成像质量得到明显改善。 相似文献
6.
基于东部某油田物性资料,建立典型碎屑岩储层模型,利用弹性波方程交错网格有限差分正演,对模型进行多波正演模拟。通过分析正演模拟的炮集记录、叠前偏移剖面以及振幅属性,总结了多波正演的波场特点及其分辨率。分析结果表明,转换波反射频率比纵波的低,能量随偏移距的增加而增加,零偏移距处能量为零;转换波在地层厚度为λ/4处发生调谐效应,调谐振幅属性变化规律与纵波变化规律一致;综合考虑该区纵波、转换波波速以及不同深度的纵波、转换波中心频率变化,可知在该区目标层深度转换波分辨率低于纵波分辨率。 相似文献
7.
川西坳陷海相勘探目的层埋藏较深,反射资料频带窄,地震分辨率无法满足勘探要求,地层吸收衰减是导致分辨率低的主要原因,为了解深层地震波的衰减情况,首先根据低降速带资料和测井资料建立川西坳陷地层模型,然后定量估算球面扩散、吸收衰减和透射损失引起的地震波衰减量,以估算的衰减值为参考,同时结合地震采集资料、井中零偏VSP和Walkway-VSP资料来分析影响深层反射波高频信号接收的因素。分析指出1500m以上浅层强吸收衰减是造成川西坳陷深层反射波高频成分缺失的主要原因,5000m以下海相地层反射波频带只能达到40 Hz左右,深层资料采集应以降低背景干扰为重点,并在提高资料采集密度上下功夫,以达到增强深层弱反射信号、提高地震勘探精度的目的,而不应单纯强调提高分辨率。 相似文献
8.
《物探与化探》2015,(3)
叠加是地震数据处理的核心环节,可以有效地压制噪声提高信噪比。在VSP地震勘探中,常规的叠加方法在复杂构造中成像精度受到极大的限制。文中采用高斯射线束方法对复杂构造进行正演模拟,将得到的波场特征与实际资料波场特征进行对比,调整参数获得合适的速度场;在叠加过程中采用逆高斯的思想,对实际地震资料共炮集数据进行反射波场归位,得到共反射点道集数据,选择合适的面元尺寸进行叠加获得复杂构造的叠加波场特征。通过大量模型测试,VSP高斯束叠加方法可以有效地反演地下结构特征。应用该方法对M地区进行成像研究,结果表明该方法能够准确反演地下结构特征,为数据处理与解释提供依据。 相似文献
9.
《物探化探计算技术》2015,(6)
地层的吸收衰减作用是降低地震分辨率的一个主要因素,准确地提取地层的品质因子Q和进行稳定而有效的Q补偿是非常困难的。这里采用改进的谱比法技术系列从VSP下行波场资料中提取准确的Q值,利用井控约束建立三维Q场,最后使用稳定的反Q滤波对叠前地震数据进行处理,补偿后的地震剖面分辨率得到提高,地质现象更为清晰,取得了满意的效果。 相似文献
10.
陇龙地区的地形特征一是冲沟纵横交错，沟壁陡立；二是黄土层厚度大，潜水位深。该区地震勘探具有地震波衰减快、干扰波强、信噪比低、施工困难等特点。通过实验，在该区不同地形条件下使用不同激发方式，并采用弯线观测系统及大偏移距，有效提高了地震资料的S／N和分辨率，使野外地震记录达到了地震地质解释的要求。 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
13.
Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
14.
正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
19.
正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献
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正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861 相似文献