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1.
Abstract Studies of the deformation styles, formation types and isotopic age data indicate that the Altaides has successively experienced 5 stages of orogeny: (1) the Kanas orogeny forming the angular unconformity between the Baihaba Formation (O3) and the Habahe Group (Z-O2); (2) the Daqiao orogeny (S3-D1-2) giving rise to the early Hercynian quasi-aulacogen extensional continental crust of the area; (3) the Altay orogeny (middle- late Hercynian) leading to the oblique intracontinental collision and the formation of large shear arc-shaped thrust system and representing a strong orogeny stage; (4) the pan-Altay orogeny (latest Hercynian-Indosinian) resulting in the uplifting and erosion of the mountains as a whole; (5) the Himalayan movement causing the rejuvenation of fault systems and block uplift of the Altaides since the Cenozoic. 相似文献
2.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(11):58-72
The crystalline basement is best exposed in the northern half of the Zapadnyye mountains. It consists of two large units, the Dzhileu and Aryesh suites, which differ in their lithology and development. These suites were metamorphosed in the Carboniferous, at which time the Peyushen formation was deposited. The Peyushen was metamorphosed during the Hercynian, simultaneously with formation of granite massifs. From the Hercynian to the end of the Cretaceous, three major areas of deposition were developed: 1) Bikhor, in which Triassic quartzites lie transgressively on the Dzhileu crystallines and Middle Triassic through Cenomanian limestones, dolomites, and flysch overlie the quartzite; 2) Kodru, characterized by a strong development of the Verrukano type underlain by Aryesh crystallines and overlain by the Bikhor-type Triassic sequence and Rhaetian clastics; 3) Meresh mountains, in which massive Malm limestones and Cretaceous through Cenomanian flysch overlie Paleozoic metamorphics. Magmatic activity occurred during the Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous. The intrusions are primarily basic. In the Cretaceous, the Kodru formations were thrust northward over the Bikhor area forming the basic structure of the mountain. It is proposed that a bilateral orogeny caused the thrust structures of the Zapadnyye mountains. One orogeny arose in the Zapadnyye, the other in the southern Carpathians. The thrust sheets are therefore reverse displacements resulting from a convergent movement of separate autochthonous blocks. 相似文献
3.
U-Pb analyses of zircons from the southern paragneiss zone of the Gotthard massif in the central Alps indicate these rocks were derived from one or more source areas ≧ 1400 m.y. old and were strongly affected by both the Caledonian and Hercynian orogenies. Rb-Sr whole-rock analyses also appear to reflect the Hercynian event while Rb-Sr analyses of a metamorphic inclusion and a boudin indicate that these small-scale samples were affected by the Alpine orogeny. U-Pb whole rock data appear to reflect only the Hercynian event; these data, when corrected for primordial lead, furthermore yield an upper concordia intercept of 4500 m.y., possibly resulting from a U-Pb fractionation very early in the history of the earth. A more refined three-stage U-Pb evolution model yields an age of about 4480 m.y. rather than 4500 m.y. for this hypothesized early terrestrial differentiation. Geologically these data emphasize that: 1) the southern paragneiss zone of the Gotthard massif contains metasediments which have experienced the Caledonian orogeny and are at least 400 m.y. old; 2) the Hercynian episode in this region was pervasive indeed; and 3) the Alpine orogeny affected the Rb-Sr and U-Pb whole rock systems to a far lesser degree than the preceding orogenic episodes and apparently did not affect the U-Pb zircon systems investigated at all. 相似文献
4.
In the Central Iberian Zone (CIZ) of the Iberian Massif large volumes of granitoids were emplaced during the post-collisional stage of the Hercynian orogeny (syn- to post-D3, the last ductile deformation phase). Twelve granitic units and a quartz monzodiorite were selected for a U–Pb zircon and monazite geochronological study. They represent successive stages of the D3 event. The Ucanha-Vilar, Lamego, Sameiro and Refoios do Lima plutons are coeval (313±2 Ma, 319±4 Ma, 316±2 Ma and 314±2 Ma, respectively) and belong to the earliest stage. Later on the Braga massif was emplaced, its different units yielding the same age: 309±3 Ma for the Braga granite, 309±1 Ma for the Gonça granite and 311±5 Ma for a related quartz monzodiorite. The Braga massif is subcontemporaneous with the Agrela and Celeirós plutons (307±3.5 Ma and 306±2 Ma, respectively), in agreement with field data. The Briteiros granite is younger (300±1 Ma), followed by the emplacement of the Peneda–Gerês massif (Gerês, Paufito, Illa and Carris granites). The Gerês granite, emplaced at 296±2 Ma, seems to represent a first magmatic pulse immediately followed by the intrusion of the Paufito granite at 290±2.5 Ma. For the Carris granite a minimum emplacement age of 280±5 Ma was obtained. Based on these results the following chronology is proposed: (1) syn-D3 biotite granitoids, 313–319 Ma; (2) late-D3 biotite-dominant granitoids, 306–311 Ma; (3) late- to post-D3 granitoids, ca. 300 Ma; (4) post-D3 granitoids, 290–296 Ma. These chronological data indicate that successive granitic intrusions were emplaced in the CIZ during a short time span of about 30 Ma that corresponds to the latest stages of the Hercynian orogeny. A rapid and drastic change occurred at about 300 Ma, between a compressive ductile tectonic regime (D3, ca. 300–320 Ma) associated to calc-alkaline, monzonitic and aluminopotassic plutonism and a fragile phase of deformation (D4) which controlled the emplacement of the subalkaline ferro-potassic plutonism at 290–296 Ma. 相似文献
5.
Tectono-Metallogenic System in the Altay Orogenic Belt, China 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
WANG Jingbin ZHANG Jinhong DING Rufu FANG TonghuiBeijing Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources State Bureau of Nonferrous Metals Industry Andingmenwai Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2000,74(3):485-491
The Altay erogenic belt of China is an important metallogenic belt of base metals, rare metals and gold. The main orogenic-metallogenic epoch is the Hercynian (Late Palaeozoic). Hercynian orogeny underwent two tectonic stages: the early volcano-passive continental margin extension (D1-D2) and late subduction-collision (D3-P). There correspondingly developed two different metallogenic systems. One is the stratabound massive sulphide and iron metallogenic system related to volcano-passive continental margin, and the other is the epigenetic gold and granite-associated rare metals system formed by collision. Very few mineralizations were formed during the subduc-tion time. 相似文献
6.
The High Zagros Belt includes exposures of Lower Palaeozoic rocks in the core of several thrusted anticlines developed during the Cenozoic Zagros orogeny. The structural style and tectonic evolution of this area during the Palaeozoic remain poorly understood due to the complexity of the subsequent deformation. We present the preliminary results of a field study focusing on the structural geology of Palaeozoic rocks in this area. We confirm the existence of an angular unconformity below the Lower Permian Faraghan formation. In the geological literature, this unconformity is reported as the “Hercynian Unconformity” suggesting a relationship with the Hercynian (Variscan) orogeny, which affected Western Europe and westernmost Africa during the Carboniferous. Surprisingly the only observable structures sealed by this unconformity are N to NE trending normal faults and tilted blocks without any evidence of compressional deformation. This pre-Permian extensional deformation, which is general at the scale of the HZB, raises questions about the geodynamic significance of the “Hercynian unconformity” in the study area and, more generally, in the Arabian plate. 相似文献
7.
北非地区为世界上油气富集地区之一,区内油气分布表现出极大的不均匀性,以往研究对这一油气差异性富集控制因素的探讨较为薄弱。本研究重点从中生代期间发育的多个区域沉积中心的演化和形成机制的角度,探讨这一科学问题。对已有的基础地质和油气勘探资料的综合再分析表明,北非地区冈瓦纳大陆北缘发育维德迈尔—佩拉杰、苏尔特、东地中海三个彼此孤立存在的中生代沉积中心,这些沉积中心在空间上处于阿拉拉隆起、苏尔特隆起、黎凡特隆起三个海西运动中形成的NE向古隆起之上,具有“古隆起塌陷反转”的形成机理;沉积中心均靠近新特提斯洋边缘,总体呈现受海西运动形成的古隆起和新特提斯洋开启背景下的伸展作用联合控制。三个中生代沉积中心为中生代优质烃源岩发育区和油气富集区;受海西期塑造的古构造、海西构造剥蚀对砂岩储层的控制以及中生代烃源岩发育等有利因素所控,这些塌陷形成的中生代沉积中心及围区成为最为重要的油气富集区带。中生代盆地的这一形成过程为该区油气差异富集的重要控制因素。 相似文献
8.
青藏高原北缘昆仑-羊湖地区构造运动及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
昆仑-羊湖地区位于青藏高原北缘昆仑山脉中段之南侧,经历了早海西旋回、晚海西旋回和印支旋回洋陆转换阶段的发展及板内造山演化历程,发育早海西运动、晚海西运动、印支运动和燕山运动-喜马拉雅运动,它们分别是洋陆转换和板内造山事件的具体表现。 相似文献
9.
广西的钦州－防城－带，素以钦防海槽称之，系指加里东期构造运动后，扬子与华夏陆块间的“残留海”。其两侧为古隆所夹持，西为大明山古隆起，东为云开大山古隆起，其间划分为四个构造单元，由东向西依次为：博白坳陷，六万大山隆起，钦州坳陷和十万大山坳陷。现构造形迹的排列，反馈防海槽在早古生代至中生代间深海盆或浅海深水盆地在构造和沉积上有自东向西迁移的特点。晚古生代盆地迁移过程至少有八个沉积－构造转换面可记录盆地的构造演化：第1转换面为早奥陶世与晚寒武世间的沉积界面；第2转换面为早志留世与晚奥陶世间的沉积界面；第3转换面为早泥盆世早期与晚志留世间的海侵上超面；第4转换面为中泥盆世的海侵上超面；第5转换面为中二叠世与晚二叠世间的沉积界面；第6转换面为早三叠世的海侵面；第7转换面为中晚三叠世与早三叠世间的沉积界面；第8转换面为早侏罗世与晚三叠世间的沉积界面。前两个界面为盆山转换面，与华南加里东构造运动过程相耦合，为挤压的构造背景；第3界面为水下间断面，下泥盆统与上志留统为不连续沉积，在构造上应是挤压机制下的破裂不整合，也是加里东期构造运动的响应；第4界为海西期的海侵上超面，与盆地走滑拉张同步；第5界面则反馈于印支期造山的初始阶段，第6界面为中生代盆地迁移转换面；第7界面为印支期造山过程的盆地转换面；第8界面为燕山期造山造盆转换面。其转换面性质的转化，代表钦防海槽可能是个复杂大陆边缘前陆盆地演化史。 相似文献
10.
As a result of a detailed study of the chemical composition of minerals from garnet-biotite gneisses and biotite-pyroxene-amphibole
schists it was revealed that rocks of the most ancient Selyankinskaya formation were subjected to the entire (progressive
and regressive) amphibolite facies metamorphic cycle. Moreover, the metamorphic PT-path was calculated and the relationship between metamorphism and granitization and tectonogenesis of the dome structures
at the collision stage of the Hercynian orogeny was considered. 相似文献
11.
Carlos Villaseca David Orejana Christian Pin José-Angel López Garcı́a Pilar Andonaegui 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(10):877-888
Basic magmatism in central Spain occurred sporadically during a long period of ca. 140 Ma. The geochemical data on representative samples from the five igneous episodes show that different mantle reservoirs were tapped. Crustal involvement (via recycling in mantle sources or by hybridization at emplacement levels) was important in the basic magmas related to the Hercynian orogeny (Gb1 to Gb3 suites). Samples occurring as later dykes have signatures ranging from OIB-like values (Gb4 alkaline lamprophyres) to those of a formerly enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle (tholeiites Gb5). To cite this article: C. Villaseca et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004). 相似文献
12.
内蒙古苏尼特左旗巴润萨拉北东向强变形带的构造特征及其形成环境 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
摘要：内蒙古苏尼特左旗地区发育一条北东向的较大型强变形带,经历了自海西晚期至燕山早期的３个韧性变形序列,其中,印支晚期为主变形期,发育强烈的韧性剪切带,呈现强应变带与弱应变域交织的格局,有先左行后右行的韧性压剪变形特点。该剪切带形成于温度约２２０℃、围压约２７０ＭＰａ,距地面约１１ｋｍ的地壳深部。燕山晚期本区以脆性构造为主,断裂构造发育。海西和印支构造奠定了本区的主要构造格局。 相似文献
13.
Mongolia is located within the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The belt is consist of numerous tectonic blocks or terranes, which resulted from collisions during the Early Paleozoic (Caledonian orogeny), Late Paleozoic (Hercynian orogeny) and partly in Early Mesozoic (Indosinian orogeny) (Seng?r et al., 1993; Heubeck, 2001; Badarch et al., 2003). These collisions had a profound effect on the coal-bearing sedimentary basins in Carboniferous, Permian, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods of Mongolia. A total of more than 200 coal occurrences and deposits are known, of which about 70 have been explored. 相似文献
14.
准噶尔盆地构造演化分析新进展 总被引：57，自引：1，他引：56
准噶尔盆地由准噶尔地体演化而来。准噶尔地体的前寒武系结晶基底,至少形成于800Ma前。准噶尔盆地基底具有“双层结构”,局部存在强烈减薄现象,整个下古生界,准噶尔地体一直存在稳定的地体演化机制,它经历了地体与板块并存、前缘推覆－洋壳消减和地体与板块拼贴的三个阶段后演化为盆地。根据准噶尔盆地构造分层,并结合盆地地质研究的进展,将准噶尔盆地形成及演化过程划分为6个阶段：（1）地体形成阶段;（2）地体发展演化阶段;（3）地体、板块拼贴、准噶尔盆地雏形形成阶段;（4）前陆盆地阶段;（5）陆内坳陷阶段;（6）再生前陆盆地阶段。后三阶段与油气关系密切。 相似文献
15.
塔里木盆地中央隆起带东段“帚状构造”特征及其形成动力学机制 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
断裂是塔中隆起带东段构造变形的主要方式,也是控制油气成藏与分布的重要因素,其形成机制和过程一直存有争议。文章从李四光教授构造体系理论出发,通过综合解析塔中隆起带东段断裂的几何学、运动学及动力学特征,探讨了塔里木盆地中央隆起带东部"帚状构造体系"形成的地球动力学模型。研究结果显示:塔里木盆地古生代以来受天山、西昆仑山和阿尔金山三大褶皱山系的影响,伴随盆地三个"伸展-聚敛"构造旋回的发展和演化;中央隆起带东段的塔中Ⅰ号断裂、塔中10号断裂、塔中Ⅱ号断裂和卡塔克南缘断裂等断裂于加里东早期产生,并于随后多次活动,它们在剖面上呈现"Y"字型结构,平面上向东南收敛、向西北撒开,和南侧的塘南断裂及车尔臣断裂共同构成"帚状构造"体系;加里东运动以来,该构造体系先后经历了张扭性（加里东早期）→压扭性（加里东中期）→张扭性（海西早起）→压扭性（海西晚期）两大应力场的转换,并于海西晚期基本定型,同时在其周邻地区产生北东、北东东向的次级的、低序次的断裂体系。 相似文献
16.
Abstract Fluids with compositions in the system CO2 -H2 O-NaCl were trapped in quartz veins enclosed in low-grade metamorphic rocks (chlorite zone) on the southern flank of the Canigó Massif, eastern Pyrenees. The veins, which also contain arsenopyrite crystals, were formed contemporaneously with the main Hercynian foliation and metamorphism. Volumetric properties of the fluid and the results of arsenopyrite geothermometry suggest P-T trapping conditions of 4.6–6 kbar and 450–530° C. This implies that an episode of metamorphism with an average geothermal gradient of 25° C km−1 occurred during the main deformation event. This episode preceded the low- P /high- T metamorphism described around domes and to date considered as characteristic of the Hercynian orogeny in the Pyrenees. 相似文献
17.
HOU Zengqian YANG Zhusen LI Yinqing ZENG Pusheng MENG Yifeng Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(1):203-220
The middle-lower Yangtze area underwent a series of complex tectonic evolution, such as Hercynian extensional rifting, Indosinian foreland basining, and Yanshanian transpression-transtension, resulting in a large distinctive Cu-Fe-Au metallogenic belt. In the tectonic evolution, large-scale migration and convergence of fluids toward foreland basins induced during the collisional orogeny of the Yangtze and North China continental blocks were of vital importance for the formation of the metallogenic belt. Through geological surveys of the middle-lower Yangtze area, three lines of evidence of large-scale fluid migration are proposed: (1) The extensive dolomitic and silicic alteration penetrating Cambrian-Triassic strata generally occurs in a region sandwiched between the metallogenic belt along the Yangtze River and the Dabie orogenic belt, and in the alteration domain alternately strong and weak alteration zones extend in a NW direction and are controlled by the fault system of the Dabie orogenic belt; it 相似文献
18.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(8):724-757
The Phanerozoic geodynamic evolution of Europe is reviewed for the purpose of identifying its bearing on the petrogenesis of the Cenozoic European Volcanic Province. Several events capable of modifying the chemistry and mineralogy of the mantle, such as subduction of oceanic crust, continent-continent collision, and ocean formation are emphasized. The area now occupied by the Mediterranean Sea and, in general, all of Europe, underwent a complex geodynamic evolution, involving large relative crustal movements. The Paleozoic to Recent evolution of the circum-Mediterranean Sea area can be summarized as follows: (1) extension during the Precambrian (presence of ～3000 to 4000 km wide oceanic crust between Laurussia (consisting of the Laurentian and Baltica-Fenno-scandian cratons) and Gondwana (South America, Africa, Australia, India, and Antarctica); (2) collisional movements with the formation of “Andean-type” margins during the Late Precambrian to Middle Paleozoic, followed by “Himalayan-type” margins during the Carboniferous (Hercynian orogeny sensu stricto); (3) change of plate movements and development of tensional (transtensive) stresses at the end of the Paleozoic, as indicated by the formation of the North Atlantic-Tethys rift system, with the Cretaceous formation of the Ligurian-Piedmontese and the Mesogean Ocean; (4) the Alpine orogeny, with a two-stage compressive cycle-(a) Eoalpine (Paleogene closure of the Ligurian-Piedmontese Ocean; formation of the Betic Cordillera, western-northern Alps, and Carpatho-Balkan Arc), with Europe-verging thrusts; and (b) Neoalpine (Neogene-Pleistocene formation of the Apennine, Maghrebide, Dinaride, and Hellenide chains, plus the backthrusted southern Alps, all with African vergence; opening of two diachronous backarc basins-the Ligurian-Provencal Basin and the Tyrrhenian Sea-in the western Mediterranean). Hercynian-age modifications (the most important of which are subduction-related) led to almost unique isotopic ratios, such as low 143Nd/144Nd, 206Pb/204Pb, 3He/4He, and slightly radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr ratios. During the Cenozoic and Quaternary, widespread magmatic activity developed throughout Europe. These products, mainly represented by mildly to strongly alkaline rocks with sodic affinity and tholeiitic mafic rocks (basanite, alkali basalts, tholeiitic basalts), show quite uniform geochemical and isotopic compositions typical of a within-plate tectonic setting. Moreover, subduction-related magmatism (mainly represented by low-to high-K calc-alkaline and shoshonitic series + ultrapotassic rocks such as lamproites) developed in response to the subduction systems of the Alpine orogeny. With respect to the circum-Italian realm, the igneous rocks emplaced during the last 30 Ma are essentially related to the Alpine orogeny. This activity is represented by rocks of extremely variable composition (alkaline-both sodic and potassic to ultrapotassic-and subalkaline [tholeiitic and calc-alkaline]) and probably carbonatitic. 相似文献
19.
A. Piqué G. Bossière J. -P. Bouillin A. Chalouan Ch. Hoepffner 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1993,82(3):432-439
Stratigraphic and structural correlations between the Palaeozoic massifs of eastern Morocco and northern Algeria allow three tectonic domains to be distinguished: (1) The cratonic zone, i.e. the West African platform which remained outside the Variscan chain and its peripherical margin (Moroccan Anti-Atlas and Algerian Ougarta); (2) a WSW-ENE trending zone, over 1500 km from Marrakech to Kabylia and Calabria (in their assumed Palaeozoic location). — This zone was characterized during the Late Palaeozoic by a continuous instability indicated by the development of successive turbiditic basins and a major orogeny at the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary; and (3) central and western Morocco, which corresponds to the external zones of the European Hercynides.The Marrakech-Kabylia zone separates the Variscan domain from the stable and undeformed West African craton. During Early Palaeozoic times it began as an extensive or transtensive zone. It has been deformed by the Late Devonian orogeny and by Carboniferous and Permian reactivation. The zone represents the southern limit of the Hercynian chain and is distinguished by its transcurrent regime throughout the Late Palaeozoic.
Correspondence to: A. Piqué 相似文献