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甘肃清水沟地下水资源丰富,水质优良,具有较好的经济开发价值。为了在该区确定成井位置,首先利用高密度电阻率法快捷有效地确定了找水有利区域;其次在找水重点部位布置激电测深剖面,采集和研究多种激电参数,较为精细地划分了沿垂向地层含水层位。特别是激电半衰时和偏离度参数,反映含水层能力较强。最终利用高密度电阻率法和激电测深法组合勘查模式确定了成井位置,经钻孔验证在目标含水层位成功获得基岩裂隙水。 相似文献
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泰安地区岩溶富水构造激电测深法异常类型 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大量的抗旱打井找水开发深层岩溶地下水资源实例证明,泰安岩溶区不同岩溶形态富水构造激电测深异常类型及成因有一定规律可循.富水构造上的电测深曲线异常类型可划分为缓升型、缓降型、低阻V型、低阻平台型,富水地段电测深视电阻率断面等值线异常类型可划分为低阻台阶型、低阻梯度带型、低阻U型.以溶洞等岩溶形态为主的富水带引起相对低视电阻率、低视极化率、低半衰时及衰减度低异常,出现激电测深法多参数“同步低”异常;以断层构造破碎为主的富水带引起相对低视电阻率及低视极化率异常,产生相对高半衰时及衰减度极大值异常,出现视电阻率与激电测深法多参数“反相”异常. 相似文献
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将人工神经网络(ANN)技术引入到地下水含水量预测工作,以华北平原和河套平原为试验场,以若干已知钻孔为验证,采用激电和电阻率测深等地面物探方法获取视电阻率ρS、视极化率ηS、半衰时Th、衰减度D和偏离度σ等参数为输入神经元对单孔单位涌水量建立人工神经网络预测模型。同时,为消除不同地区矿化度的影响,通过实验对比引入综合参数T",改良了输入神经元的配比。最终建立以半衰时Th、衰减度D、偏离度σ和综合参数T"为输入神经元的含水量预测模型,进一步提高了预测精度。通过检验,发现所建立的模型对平原地区进行含水量的定量预测有着较好的效果,为含水量预测工作研究与发展带来了新理念、打开了新思路。 相似文献
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《地质科技情报》2017,(5)
乌蒙山区水资源严重缺乏,不仅影响当地人民群众生活用水,还制约了当地经济发展。结合本地区找基岩裂水的地质、地球物理前提,优选了高密度电阻率法、激电测深和视电阻率测井法3种物探方法,从定性-定量-验证三层次,提出了地球物理综合找水方法技术组合,克服了单一物探方法本身固有的局限性,多种物探方法可以相互验证;利用半衰时、衰减度等物探新技术进行综合处理与解释,可以提高找水资料利用程度,更准确地对探采结合井进行定位。根据高密度电阻率法和激电测量成果,与钻孔的实际深度进行对比,得出误差均小于5%,说明该方法组合能经济、快速、有效地确定基岩、含水性地层的埋深,可以为该区域开展类似的地下水勘查提供一定的技术支撑。 相似文献
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覆盖区活动断裂探测往往需要选择合理的物探方法以确定断裂位置,高密度电法具有数据采集效率高、探测精度高等优点,已在覆盖区活动断裂探测中得到广泛应用。本文利用高密度电法在长白山玄武岩覆盖区进行断裂探测,对实测数据进行反演,分析了NE向鸭绿江断裂带抚松段西支断裂在松江河镇北东侧第二松花江畔的展布形态,同时,利用钻探对断裂探测结果加以验证。视电阻率剖面表明完整基岩主要呈现出高阻值,断裂破碎带由于含水丰富则呈现为低视电阻率异常值。而断层内较为破碎,且富含水,故在视电阻率剖面上呈现明显低阻异常,这些结果能够与钻孔揭露地层实物资料较好对应。钻孔的断层样品14C测年结果显示,西支断裂在松江河镇兴隆林场为晚更新世活动断裂。 相似文献
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《矿产与地质》2019,(4)
选取太行山地区几个贫水县市作为典型研究区,采用激电测深法、超高密度电阻率法等物探方法进行地下水勘查工作,针对石家庄西邻太行山沿线变质岩、页岩、灰岩及第四系沉积区等地质条件,总结了不同岩性地层的含水层结构的物探特征。在对已知"靶区"的电法勘查工作总结后发现:①在基岩区,电阻率曲线的斜率在完整的基岩中基本呈近45°延伸,在遇含水的破碎带时曲线会出现变缓顿挫的"台阶"状;②在黏性土所占比重较大的地区,由于黏土的低阻特性与地下水体较为接近,仅仅依靠电阻率值和电阻率曲线形态难以对水量进行判断,还需要考虑所在测点位于冲积扇的方位,同时要结合地下水体的极化特性对极化率数据加以研究和利用。实践证明,运用以上的研究成果取得了很好的勘查结果,保证了钻探工作的成功率,既解决了老百姓的用水难题,又节省了钻探成本。 相似文献
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为揭示太行山北段岩溶裂隙水富水性分布规律,采用电阻率、极化率、半衰时和偏离度分析不同含水层介质结构、不同含水岩组和不同地下水系统岩溶裂隙水与电性参数的关系,探讨研究区岩溶裂隙水富水性的影响因素及其电性响应特征。结果表明:含水层介质结构按照溶蚀孔洞型→断层型→褶皱型→岩体阻水型的排列顺序,半衰时值分布范围依次降低,而偏离度值分布范围依次升高;四种电性参数对奥陶系含水岩组、蓟县系含水岩组具有较强的分辨能力;极化率、半衰时和偏离度难以识别拒马河、界河－唐河以及瀑河－漕河三种岩溶裂隙地下水系统类型;奥陶系含水岩组的富水性优于蓟县系含水岩组;就含水层介质结构而言,溶蚀孔洞型富水性最佳,断层型和褶皱型次之,岩体阻水型富水性最差。 相似文献
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CSAMT 法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)具有探测深度大、横向分辨率高、抗干扰能力强的特点,在深部找矿勘探中有着重要的指导意义。肖家营子铜钼矿床是辽西地区一个大型矽卡岩型金属矿床,大部分矿体是隐伏矿体,矿区外围的康杖子区与本区有相似的成矿地质环境,成矿地质条件优越.矿体与围岩电性差异明显,通过应用CSAMT,矿体具有低电阻特点,根据成果推断解释,对深部有利成矿部位进行了钻探验证,取得了理想的探矿效果,在矿区外围取得第二深度空间找矿重大突破。 相似文献
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Takeshi Nose Dr. 《GeoJournal》1985,10(3):261-276
Conclusions During the last ten years, aquaculture, especially mariculture has undergone remarkable expansion to counter-balance the gap between the supply and demand of fishery products in Japan. Its expansion has also been supported by the traditional preference of the Japanese people for seafood. Mariculture is now being forced to change its structure due to adverse economic circumstances such as the rise in the cost of energy, feeds and other materials for culture, low market prices, deterioration of environmental conditions, and many other factors. Before these constraints can be resolved, advanced scientific knowledge and technologies must be integrated to develop new types of aquaculture. Expansion of maricultural activities to more open-sea and off shore areas would be one route to follow. Technologies for the development of formulated diets not only for young but also for adults and larvae, establishment of feeding standards, prevention of epizootic diseases must support the establishment of modern aquaculture.The culture-based fisheries, or marine ranching, is becoming a subject for further development in Japan. Much research work has been conducted with a great degree of governmental support. Establishment of a net work of seedstock production farms has made it possible to carry out releasing experiments on a large scale. A newly integrated restoration system could be developed on the basis of these experiments, even though the profits resulting from the artificial restoration of stocks is not thouroughly verified at present. The commencement of a national scheme for culture-based fisheries would be a manifestation of the enthusiasm of the Japanese fish industry. 相似文献
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Julie Okpala 《GeoJournal》1990,20(1):37-43
This paper traces the development of geographic education in Nigeria and examines the views of geographers, other academics,
students and the public at large about the importance of geography. Geography's value is immense despite the non-professional
nature of the discipline. Nevertheless, there is a need to define geography's status and ensure career prospects for students.
The Nigerian Geographical Association (from classroom teaachers to top geographers) must promote geography, improve its status
in schools and universities, and continuously restructure its content and methods to address pertinent social needs. 相似文献
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Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
David N. Petley Gareth J. Hearn Andrew Hart Nicholas J. Rosser Stuart A. Dunning Katie Oven Wishart A. Mitchell 《Natural Hazards》2007,43(1):23-44
Nepal is a mountainous, less developed kingdom that straddles the boundary between the Indian and Himalayan tectonic plates.
In Nepal, landslides represent a major constraint on development, causing high levels of economic loss and substantial numbers
of fatalities each year. There is a general consensus that the impacts of landslides in countries such as Nepal are increasing
with time, but until now there has been little or no quantitative data to support this view, or to explain the causes of the
increases. In this paper, a database of landslide fatalities in Nepal has been compiled and analysed for the period 1978–2005.
The database suggests that there is a high level of variability in the occurrence of landslides from year to year, but that
the overall trend is upward. Analyses of the trends in the data suggest that there is a cyclicity in the occurrence of landslide
fatalities that strongly mirrors the cyclicity observed in the SW (summer) monsoon in South Asia. Perhaps surprisingly the
relationship is inverse, but this is explained through an inverse relationship between monsoon strength and the amount of
precipitation in the Hill District areas of Nepal. It is also clear that in recent years the number of fatalities has increased
dramatically over and above the effects of the monsoon cycle. Three explanations are explored for this: land-use change, the
effects of the ongoing civil war in Nepal, and road building. It is concluded that a major component of the generally upward
trend in landslide impact probably results from the rural road-building programme, and its attendant changes to physical and
natural systems. 相似文献
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2010年,美国铀矿总共施工7 209个钻孔,总进尺1 493 520 m;生产铀1 628.55 t;铀矿业总支出费用为2.773亿美元,其中铀矿地勘费支出为3 450万美元,占铀矿业总费用的12.44%。铀矿地勘钻探费用为4 460万美元,占铀矿业总费用的16.08%。 相似文献
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硫代砷是富硫化物地下水中砷的重要形态,对环境和人类健康有潜在威胁。目前硫代砷研究程度尚低,本次主要针对国内外地下水（地热水）中硫代砷的存在形态,水文—生物—环境地球化学过程,样品保存,定量检测方法等方面进行研究。结论如下:pH, 氧化还原电位,硫化物含量和微生物作用等是影响地下水中硫代砷稳定存在和形态分布的重要因素。含铁矿物能与水中的硫代砷形成配位键对其进行吸附,吸附性普遍弱于（亚）砷酸盐,因此,地下水中硫代砷可能表现出更强的迁移性。用于硫代砷检测的自然水样在采集中可采取过滤,速冻,厌氧和低温短期保存的操作流程,以减缓该形态的转化甚至消失。色谱联用ICP-MS系统可用于自然水样中硫代砷的分离定量检测,紫外—可见分光光度法和X射线吸收光谱法在不同场景下也可对硫代砷进行定量和表征分析。地热水和浅层地下水中均可能存在硫代砷,由于水样中硫代砷的不稳定性,室内检测和分析难以准确反映现场过程,因此,野外样品保存技术和现场检测方法的更新可能在未来有更大研究空间,值得进一步探索。 相似文献
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环境地球化学学科在中国生态文明和美丽中国建设、国际环境公约履约及过去全球变化研究中发挥着越来越大的作用。本文简要回顾了中国过去十年在环境地球化学领域的部分研究进展,介绍了汞、持久性有机污染物和其他重金属污染物长距离传输研究进展;总结了汞、镉、锑、铊等非传统稳定同位素在地表生物地球化学循环过程中的同位素分馏规律及污染来源和环境过程示踪方面的研究进展;回顾了传统稳定同位素地球化学与污染示踪及过去全球变化方面的研究进展。指出了以上研究方向还存在的问题及未来研究方向。 相似文献