共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 468 毫秒
1.
Qiang Wang Jin-Ting Wang Feng Jin Fu-Dong Chi Chu-Han Zhang 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2011
Simulating dynamic soil–structure interaction (SSI) problems is a challenge when using a shaking table because of the semi-infinity of soil foundations. This paper develops real-time dynamic hybrid testing (RTDHT) for SSI problems in order to consider the radiation damping effect of the semi-infinite soil foundation using a shaking table. Based on the substructure concept, the superstructure is physically tested and the semi-infinite foundation is numerically simulated. Thus, the response of the entire system considering the dynamic SSI is obtained by coupling the numerical calculation of the soil and the physical test of the superstructure. A two-story shear frame on a rigid foundation was first tested to verify the developed RTDHT system, in which the top story was modeled as the physical substructure and the bottom story was the numerical substructure. The RTDHT for a two-story structure mounted on soil foundation was then carried out on a shaking table while the foundation was numerically simulated using a lumped parameter model. The dynamic responses, including acceleration and shear force, were obtained under soft and hard soil conditions. The results show that the soil–structure interaction should be reasonably taken into account in the shaking table testing for structures. 相似文献
2.
An equivalent linear substructure approximation of the soil–foundation–structure interaction is proposed in this paper. Based
on the inherent linearity of the approach, the solution of the structural and the soil domain is obtained simultaneously,
incorporating the effects of the primary and secondary soil nonlinearities. The proposed approximation is established theoretically
and then validated against centrifuge benchmark soil–foundation–structure interaction tests. The equivalent linear substructure
approximation is proved to simulate efficiently the effects of the nonlinear soil behavior on the soil–foundation–structure
system under a strong earthquake ground motion. 相似文献
3.
《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2012,32(12):1690-1702
Simulating dynamic soil–structure interaction (SSI) problems is a challenge when using a shaking table because of the semi-infinity of soil foundations. This paper develops real-time dynamic hybrid testing (RTDHT) for SSI problems in order to consider the radiation damping effect of the semi-infinite soil foundation using a shaking table. Based on the substructure concept, the superstructure is physically tested and the semi-infinite foundation is numerically simulated. Thus, the response of the entire system considering the dynamic SSI is obtained by coupling the numerical calculation of the soil and the physical test of the superstructure. A two-story shear frame on a rigid foundation was first tested to verify the developed RTDHT system, in which the top story was modeled as the physical substructure and the bottom story was the numerical substructure. The RTDHT for a two-story structure mounted on soil foundation was then carried out on a shaking table while the foundation was numerically simulated using a lumped parameter model. The dynamic responses, including acceleration and shear force, were obtained under soft and hard soil conditions. The results show that the soil–structure interaction should be reasonably taken into account in the shaking table testing for structures. 相似文献
4.
考虑SSI效应储油罐的子结构实验方法与数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
提出了应用振动台子结构试验方法来研究考虑土-结构相互作用（SSI）效应储罐的抗震性能,该方法将土体简化为双自由度八参量集总参数模型进行模拟,储罐作为试验子结构应用振动台加载,两部分联机完成振动台子结构试验。该方法能完成大比例尺储罐试验,具有传统试验方法难以比拟的优势。然后,通过数值模拟分析了SSI效应对储罐动力响应的影响。分别研究了不同储液高度和不同地基刚度对储罐位移和加速度响应的影响。研究结果表明：考虑SSI效应时,罐体位移响应和加速度响应均有所减小,土质越软,效果越明显;随着储液高度的增高,位移、加速度反应呈现减小趋势。 相似文献
5.
Numerical simulation of liquefaction effects on seismic SSI 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Fernando Lopez-Caballero Arezou Modaressi Farahmand-Razavi 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2008,28(2):85-98
The present paper deals with the influence of soil non-linearity, introduced by soil liquefaction, on the soil–foundation–structure interaction phenomena. The objective is to reveal the beneficial or unfavourable effects of the non-linear SSI on both structural drift and settlement of a given structure. Factors such as the signal modification due to liquefaction, and ratios of fundamental frequencies of soil, structure and signal may play an important role on the damage of the structure. The importance of each of these factors is evaluated through a significant parametric study. A 2D coupled finite element modelling is carried out using an elastoplastic multi-mechanism model to represent the soil behaviour. This paper presents the research work we did in the framework of the European Community project NEMISREF (New methods of mitigation of seismic risk on existing foundations, GRDI-40457), to study possible retrofitting measures using GEFDYN computational tools. 相似文献
6.
Seismic performance evaluation of high voltage disconnect switches using real‐time hybrid simulation: I. System development and validation 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 This paper presents the development and validation of a real‐time hybrid simulation (RTHS) system for efficient dynamic testing of high voltage electrical vertical‐break disconnect switches. The RTHS system consists of the computational model of the support structure, the physical model of the insulator post, a small shaking table, a state‐of‐the‐art controller, a data acquisition system and a digital signal processor. Explicit Newmark method is adopted for the numerical integration of the governing equations of motion of the hybrid structure, which consists of an insulator post (experimental substructure) and a spring‐mass‐dashpot system representing the support structure (analytical substructure). Two of the unique features of the developed RTHS system are the application of an efficient feed‐forward error compensation scheme and the ability to use integration time steps as small as 1 ms. After the development stage, proper implementation of the algorithm and robustness of the measurements used in the calculations are verified. The developed RTHS system is further validated by comparing the RTHS test results with those from a conventional shaking table test. A companion paper presents and discusses a parametric study for a variety of geometrical and material configurations of these switches using the developed RTHS system. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
Real‐time substructuring is a method of dynamically testing a structure without experimentally testing a physical model of the entire system. Instead the structure can be split into two linked parts, the region of particular interest, which is tested experimentally, and the remainder which is tested numerically. A transfer system, such as a hydraulic actuator or a shaking table, is used to impose the displacements at the interface between the two parts on the experimental substructure. The corresponding force imposed by the substructure on the transfer system is fed back to the numerical model. Control of the transfer system is critical to the accuracy of the substructuring process. A study of two controllers used in conjunction with the University of Bristol shaking table is presented here. A proof‐of‐concept one degree‐of‐freedom mass–spring–damper system is substructured such that a portion of the mass forms the experimental substructure and the remainder of the mass plus the spring and the damper is modelled numerically. Firstly a linear controller is designed and tested. Following this an adaptive substructuring strategy is considered, based on the minimal control synthesis algorithm. The deleterious effect of oil‐column resonance common to shaking tables is examined and reduced through the use of filters. The controlled response of the experimental specimen is compared for the two control strategies. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
8.
本文采用振动台子结构试验数值仿真验证了圆柱形调谐液体阻尼器(CTLD)控制建筑结构地震响应的性能。振动台子结构试验将结构模型作为数值子结构在计算机中计算,将CTLD作为试验子结构进行物理试验。在CTLD和振动台之间安装剪切力检测装置,将测得的剪切力和地震波输入到数值子结构中,采用实时子结构中心差分法进行数值子结构运动方程的求解,计算得到了结构顶层的绝对加速度。再将加速度由振动台实时加载到试验子结构上,实现了结构和CTLD的相互作用。对一个单自由度结构有CTLD控制和无CTLD控制时的加速度响应进行了精确数值求解,结果验证了CTLD能够有效地控制结构在地震作用下的加速度响应。用振动台子结构试验对CTLD与结构耦合系统进行仿真,得到的加速度响应与精确数值求解的结果吻合较好,验证了这种方法能够准确地评估CTLD的减振性能。 相似文献
9.
Embedded foundation in layered soil under dynamic excitations 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The critical step in the substructure approach for the soil–structure interaction (SSI) problem is to determine the impedance functions (dynamic-stiffness coefficients) of the foundations. In the present study, a computational tool is developed to determine the impedance functions of foundation in layered soil medium. Cone frustums are used to model the foundation soil system. Cone frustums are developed based on wave propagation principles and force-equilibrium approach. The model is validated for its ability to represent the embedded foundation in layered medium by comparing the results with the rigorous analysis results. Various degrees of freedom, such as, horizontal, vertical and rocking are considered for this study. 相似文献
10.
The seismic performance of geotechnical works is significantly affected by ground displacement. In particular, soil–structure interaction and effects of liquefaction play major roles and pose difficult problems for engineers. An International Standard, ISO23469, is being developed for addressing these issues in a systematic manner within a consistent framework. The objective of this paper is to give an overview of this International Standard.In this International Standard, the seismic actions are determined through two stages. The first stage determines basic seismic action variables, including the earthquake ground motion at the site, the potential for earthquake-associated phenomena such as liquefaction and induced lateral ground displacement. These basic variables are used, in the second stage, for specifying the seismic actions for designing geotechnical works. In the second stage, the soil–structure interaction plays a major role. Types of analyses are classified based on a combination of static/dynamic analyses and the procedure for soil–structure interaction classified as follows:
- – simplified: soil–structure interaction of a global system is modeled as an action on a substructure;
- – detailed: soil–structure interaction of a global system is modeled as a coupled system.
Keywords: Design; Geotechnical works; Liquefaction; International Standard; Seismic actions; Seismic hazard analysis 相似文献
11.
A study on the seismic response of massive flexible strip-foundations embedded in layered soils and subjected to seismic excitation is presented. Emphasis is placed on the investigation of the system response with the aid of a boundary element–finite element formulation proper for the treatment of such soil–structure interaction problems. In the formulation, the boundary element method (BEM) is employed to overcome the difficulties that arise from modeling the infinite soil domain, and the finite element method (FEM) is applied to model the embedded massive flexible strip-foundation. The numerical solution for the soil–foundation system is obtained by coupling the FEM with the BEM through compatibility and equilibrium conditions at the soil–foundation and soil layer interfaces. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the effects of foundation stiffness and embedment on the seismic response. 相似文献
12.
This study proposes a new substructure shake table test method that allows for experimental investigation of the lower portion of structures while the upper part is numerically analyzed. Compatibility conditions are derived to ensure that the dynamic characteristics of the substructured system are equivalent to the reference entire structure. This method utilizes controlled masses to incorporate interface forces from the computational substructure to the experimental substructure. A feasible implementation procedure for the interface force compatibility is developed using a series of conversions and signal processing. For validation of the capabilities and limitations of the proposed substructure method, numerical simulations are performed using detailed models including dynamics of the controlled mass systems. Results from the numerical simulations showed that the proposed substructure method produced comparable results to the reference entire simulations. The average error between top floor displacements produced by substructured and entire responses for earthquake inputs was 7.1%. Numerical studies showed that the substructure method has potential to serve as an alternative to shaking table tests of entire structures. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
13.
A study of soil–structure–fluid interaction (SSFI) of a lock system subjected to harmonic seismic excitation is presented. The water contained lock is embedded in layered soils supported by a half-space bedrock. The ground excitation is prescribed at the soil–bedrock interface. The response is numerically obtained through a hybrid boundary element (BEM) finite element method (FEM) formulation. The semi-infinite soil and the fluid are modeled by the BEM and the lock is modeled by the FEM. The equilibrium equation for the lock system is obtained by enforcing compatibility and equilibrium conditions at the fluid–structure, soil–structure and soil–layer interfaces under conditions of plane strain. To the authors’ knowledge this is the first study of a lock system that considers the effects of dynamic soil–fluid–structure interaction through a BEM–FEM methodology. A numerical example and parametric studies are presented to examine the effects of the presence of water, lock stiffness, and lock embedment on the response. 相似文献
14.
村镇隔震砌体结构振动台试验方案设计研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为使铅芯橡胶支座隔震技术应用于村镇砌体结构,将隔震层设置于地坪以上,本文给出了隔震构造的具体做法。选取典型村镇2层未设构造柱的砖砌体结构房屋为试验原型,按1:2缩尺,设计有隔震层和无隔震层的振动台对比试验。首先采用反应谱分析方法,对隔震和非隔震结构分别选取三条地震波,然后通过数值分析,研究隔震和非隔震结构在输入不同地震波时的地震反应规律,根据数值模拟的分析结果设计结构振动台试验中的传感器布置和加载方案。本文设计的砌体隔震振动台试验方案已试验成功,可为振动台试验设计和研究提供参考。 相似文献
15.
Xiaodong Ji Kouichi Kajiwara Takuya Nagae Ryuta Enokida Masayoshi Nakashima 《地震工程与结构动力学》2009,38(12):1381-1399
When subjected to long‐period ground motions, high‐rise buildings' upper floors undergo large responses. Furniture and nonstructural components are susceptible to significant damage in such events. This paper proposes a full‐scale substructure shaking table test to reproduce large floor responses of high‐rise buildings. The response at the top floor of a virtual 30‐story building model subjected to a synthesized long‐period ground motion is taken as a target wave for reproduction. Since a shaking table has difficulties in directly reproducing such large responses due to various capacity limitations, a rubber‐and‐mass system is proposed to amplify the table motion. To achieve an accurate reproduction of the floor responses, a control algorithm called the open‐loop inverse dynamics compensation via simulation (IDCS) algorithm is used to generate a special input wave for the shaking table. To implement the IDCS algorithm, the model matching method and the H∞ method are adopted to construct the controller. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the open‐loop IDCS algorithm and compare the performance of different methods of controller design. A series of full‐scale substructure shaking table tests are conducted in E‐Defense to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and examine the seismic behavior of furniture. The test results demonstrate that the rubber‐and‐mass system is capable of amplifying the table motion by a factor of about 3.5 for the maximum velocity and displacement, and the substructure shaking table test can reproduce the large floor responses for a few minutes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
Current practice usually pays little attention to the effect of soil–structure interaction (SSI) on seismic analysis and design of bridges. The objective of this research study is to assess the significance of SSI on the modal with geometric stiffness and seismic response of a bridge with integral abutments that has been constructed using a new bridge system technology. Emphasis is placed on integral abutment behavior, since abutments together with piers are the most critical elements in securing the integrity of bridge superstructures during earthquakes. Comparison is made between analytical results and field measurements in order to establish the accuracy of the superstructure–abutment model. Sensitivity studies are conducted to investigate the effects of foundation stiffness on the overall dynamic and seismic response of the new bridge system. 相似文献
17.
This paper evaluates the inertial soil–structure interaction (SSI) effects on linear and bilinear structures supported on foundation that is able to translate and rock when subject to near-fault ground motions. Through rigorous dimensional analysis, the peak structural responses (e.g. structural drift and total acceleration) of the soil–foundation–structure interacting (SFSI) systems are characterized by a set of dimensionless Π-parameters, which can decisively describe the interactive behavior of SFSI systems. By comparing the normalized structural responses of various structure–foundation systems with their fixed-base counterparts, the study reveals that SSI effects highly depend on the structure-to-pulse frequency ratio, Πω, the foundation-to-structure stiffness ratio, Πk, damping coefficient of foundation impedance, Πc, the foundation rocking, and the development of nonlinearity in structures. For linear structures, the SSI effects are insignificant when the structure-to-pulse frequency ratio (Πω) is smaller than 1.5 and can amplify the structural responses when Πω is higher than 1.5. Foundation rocking can shift and enlarge the response amplification zone of SSI. For nonlinear structures, SSI tends to reduce the structural responses for Πω<3 while can increase the ductility demands for Πω≥3. The bilinear structures may experience more significant SSI effects than linear structures in certain frequency ranges. The numerical simulations on ten real building cases exhibiting significant rocking and a detailed case study on a nine-story frame structure demonstrate the applicability of dimensional analysis results to predict the SSI effects on realistic building structures. The study demonstrates that the dimensional analysis provides a concise and systematic way of evaluating SSI effects. 相似文献
18.
子结构地震模拟振动台混合试验原理与实现 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解决地震模拟振动台承载能力及台面尺寸对大型结构试验的限制,扩展振动台的功能,本文提出了子结构地震模拟振动台混合试验方法、试验过程及实时数值积分方法,并给出了试验子结构边界条件的两种模拟形式.通过一个简单框架结构的地震模拟振动台试验和子结构混合加载试验验证了该方法的可行性,并指出了该试验方法的主要技术问题.混合试验方法通过子结构技术和振动台试验相结合,解决了目前的地震模拟振动台试验和拟动力试验在设备规模和加载速度上的局限性. 相似文献
19.
Local transmitting boundaries for transient elastic analysis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The aim of this paper is to investigate and develop alternative methods of analyzing problems in dynamic soil–structure-interaction (SSI). The interaction means that the amplitude of structural response is effected by additional energy dissipation through radiation and material damping in the soil. The surrounding soft soil behaves as a natural damper for a massive and stiff structure supported or embedded in it. The main focus is the major difficulty posed by such an analysis — the phenomena of waves that radiate outward from the excited structures towards infinity. In numerical calculations only a finite region of the foundation medium is analyzed and something is done to prevent the outgoing radiation waves from reflecting at the boundary region.Development of a simple and efficient finite element (FE) procedure for the solution directly in the time domain of transient SSI problems is the main concern. The central feature of the procedure is local absorbing boundaries used to render the computational domain finite. These boundaries are local in both time and space and are completely defined by a pair of symmetric stiffness and damping matrices. As the effort for implementing them is the same as for the impedance boundary condition (BC) considering the angle of incidence, standard assembly procedure can be used. Due to the local nature they also preserve the overall structure of the global equations of motion. Even though the focus is in the time domain the same equations of motions can be used to determine the solution under time-harmonic excitation directly in the frequency domain. Explicit formulae for the element matrices are included in the paper and numerical examples for transient radiation model problems to illustrate the validity and accuracy of the new procedures, are given. 相似文献
20.
The success of the tuned mass damper (TMD) in reducing wind-induced structural vibrations has been well established. However, from most of the recent numerical studies, it appears that for a structure situated on very soft soil, soilstructure interaction (SSI) could render a damper on the structure totally ineffective. In order to experimentally verify theSSI effect on the seismic performance ofTMD, a series of shaking table model tests have been conducted and the results are presented in this paper. It has been shown that the TMD is not as effective in controlling the seismic responses of structures built on soft soil sites due to the SSI effect. Some test results also show that a TMD device might have a negative impact if the SSI effect is neglected and the structure is built on a soft soil site. For structures constructed on a soil foundation, this research verifies that the SSI effect must be carefully understood before a TMD control system is designed to determine if the control is necessary and if the SSI effect must be considered when choosing the optimal parameters of the TMD device. 相似文献