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1.
华南板块西南缘、越北地块以北桂西那坡县城以西及西南一带发育一套晚二叠世基性岩,由层状、似层状次火山岩相辉绿岩、辉绿玢岩及球状岩组成。根据岩石地球化学特征,那坡基性岩可划分为高Ti(TiO_22.8%和Ti/Y500)和低Ti两部分。高Ti基性岩为碱性玄武岩,而低Ti基性岩为拉斑玄武岩。与低Ti基性岩相比,高Ti基性岩整体具有相对较低的SiO_2、MgO和较高的FeO_t、P_2O_5,轻、重稀土分馏明显,富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和高场强元素(HFSE),显示出似OIB地球化学特征,与峨眉山高Ti玄武岩具高度亲缘性;低Ti基性岩具有相对较高的SiO_2、MgO和较低的FeO_t、P_2O_5,稀土配分曲线较平坦,富集LILE,严重亏损HFSE(Nb、Ta),与岛弧玄武岩地球化学特征类似。从微量元素比值及相关图解对岩浆源区和构造环境判别,那坡高Ti基性岩来自富集OIB地幔源区,而低Ti基性岩兼具OIB和岛弧岩浆源区的过渡特征。结合岩石地球化学特征及区域地质背景,认为那坡高Ti基性岩可能为峨眉山地幔柱岩浆作用的产物,低Ti基性岩为古特提斯俯冲与峨眉山地幔柱共同作用的产物,揭示了那坡地区晚二叠世同时受到峨眉山地幔柱和古特提斯俯冲相互作用的影响。 相似文献
2.
We report a new whole-rock dataset of major and trace element abundances and 87Sr/86Sr–143Nd/144Nd isotope ratios for basaltic to rhyolitic lavas from the Rooiberg continental large igneous province (LIP). The formation of the Paleoproterozoic Rooiberg Group is contemporaneous with and spatially related to the layered intrusion of the Bushveld Complex, which stratigraphically separates the volcanic succession. Our new data confirm the presence of low- and high-Ti mafic and intermediate lavas (basaltic—andesitic compositions) with >?4 wt% MgO, as well as evolved rocks (andesitic—rhyolitic compositions), characterized by MgO contents of <?4 wt%. The high- and low-Ti basaltic lavas have different incompatible trace element ratios (e.g. (La/Sm)N, Nb/Y and Ti/Y), indicating a different petrogenesis. MELTS modelling shows that the evolved lavas are formed by fractional crystallization from the mafic low-Ti lavas at low-to-moderate pressures (~?4 kbar). Primitive mantle-normalized trace element patterns of the Rooiberg rocks show an enrichment of large ion lithophile elements (LILE), rare-earth elements (REE) and pronounced negative anomalies of Nb, Ta, P, Ti and a positive Pb anomaly. Unaltered Rooiberg lavas have negative εNdi (??5.2 to ??9.4) and radiogenic εSri (6.6 to 105) ratios (at 2061 Ma). These data overlap with isotope and trace element compositions of purported parental melts to the Bushveld Complex, especially for the lower zone. We suggest that the Rooiberg suite originated from a source similar to the composition of the B1-magma suggested as parental to the Bushveld Lower Zone, or that the lavas represent eruptive successions of fractional crystallization products related to the ultramafic cumulates that were forming at depth. The Rooiberg magmas may have formed by 10–20% crustal assimilation by the fractionation of a very primitive mantle-derived melt within the upper crust of the Kaapvaal Craton. Alternatively, the magmas represent mixtures of melts from a primitive, sub-lithospheric mantle plume and an enriched sub-continental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) component with harzburgitic composition. Regardless of which of the two scenarios is invoked, the lavas of the Rooiberg Group show geochemical similarities to the Jurassic Karoo flood basalts, implying that the Archean lithosphere strongly affected both of these large-scale melting events. 相似文献
3.
《Gondwana Research》2001,4(3):509-518
The Proterozoic Bandal mafic rocks, exposed in Kullu-Rampur window, Lesser Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, indicate two distinct (high-Ti and low-Ti) magma types. The high-Ti basalts are characterised by high-TiO2 (> 2 wt%), Ti/Y, Ti/Zr, TiO2/K2O and low Rb/Sr ratios. They are enriched in high field strength (HFS) elements (Nb, Zr, Ti) relative to low field strength (LFS) incompatible elements (K, Rb). The low-Ti basalts are charactersied by low TiO2 (< 2 wt%), Ti/Y, Ti/Zr and high Rb/Sr and Rb/Ba ratios. Quartz-normative composition, continental tholeiite characteristics with Nb/La less than 1 are some of the common factors of the two groups of the Bandal mafic rocks. The trace element concentrations and their ratios of the two groups of the basalts indicate that they have been derived from the asthenosphere at different depths, low-Ti at shallow and high-Ti at deeper levels. Some of the chemical features like low Mg #, Cr, Ni, high incompatible element concentrations (especially Ba), light rare earth element (LREE) enriched patterns point towards assimilation and fractional crystallisation (AFC) process which may have played a significant role in the generation of these basalts.Furthermore, the Bandal mafic rocks, apart from field settings, are geochemically similar to other Proterozoic mafic bodies like the Rampur volcanics, Mandi-Darla volcanics, Garhwal volcanics and Bhimtal-Bhowlai volcanics of the Lesser Himalaya. This widespread Proterozoic continental tholeiitic magmatism over an area of 170,000 km2 in the Lesser Himalaya provides an evidence of plume activity in the region. 相似文献
4.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2016,7(6)
The alkali-basalt and basaltic trachy-andesites volcanic rocks of south Marzanabad were erupted during Cretaceous in central Alborz, which is regarded as the northern part of the Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt. Based on petrography and geochemistry, en route fractional crystallization of ascending magma was an important process in the evolution of the volcanic rocks. Geochemical characteristics imply that the south Marzanabad alkaline basaltic magma was originated from the asthenospheric mantle source,whereas the high ratios of(La/Yb)Nand(Dy/Yb)Nare related to the low degree of partial melting from the garnet bearing mantle source. Enrichment pattern of Nb and depletion of Rb, K and Y, are similar to the OIB pattern and intraplate alkaline magmatic rocks. The K/Nb and Zr/Nb ratios of volcanic rocks range from 62 to 588 and from 4.27 to 9 respectively, that are some higher in more evolved samples which may reflect minor crustal contamination. The isotopic ratios of Sr and Nd respectively vary from 0.70370 to0.704387 and from 0.51266 to 0.51281 that suggest the depleted mantle as a magma source. The development of south Marzanabad volcanic rocks could be related to the presence of extensional phase,upwelling and decompressional melting of asthenospheric mantle in the rift basin which made the alkaline magmatism in Cretaceous, in northern central Alborz of Iran. 相似文献
5.
汝城地区晚中生代火山岩地球化学特征及其对源区属性的指示 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
湘东南汝城地区发育一套由基性玄武岩和中酸性安山质-英安质岩石组成的火山岩建造,属于低钾拉斑系列,该火山岩系中两个玄武岩的K-Ar年龄分别为124.5±2.5Ma和127.6±1.9Ma,属晚侏罗—早白垩世产物。在主、微量元素上两者成分存在明显差异。其中安山质-英安质岩石具有高MgO特征,属高MgO岩石,LILE富集、Nb-Ta、Sr-P亏损强烈,(La/Yb)N=6.7～7.9,Eu*/Eu=0.74～0.85,具岛弧型微量元素配分型式,87Sr/86Sr(t)=0.71079～0.71118,εNd(t)=-7.64～-8.16,与adakites高Mg岩石有着明显的差别,可能是富集岩石圈地幔熔融后直接分异的产物;玄武岩LILE富集,Nb-Ta富集,(La/Yb)cn=4.0～4.3,Eu*/Eu=1.00～1.16,具OIB型微量元素配分型式,87Sr/86Sr(t)=0.70812～0.70832,εNd(t)=0.48～1.03,其源区具二元混合趋势,其源区可能是富集型岩石圈地幔端员与亏损的软流圈地幔端员的混合产物。汝城地区晚中生代玄武岩和高Mg安山质-英安质岩石源区属性的限定及其相互的空间依存关系表明该区晚中生代时有着较薄的岩石圈厚度,处于岩石圈伸展减薄的大地构造背景。 相似文献
6.
Joseph B. Whalen Vicki J. McNicoll Cees R. van Staal C. Johan Lissenberg Frederick J. Longstaffe George A. Jenner Otto van Breeman 《Lithos》2006,89(3-4):377-404
Silurian plutonic suites in the Newfoundland Appalachians include abundant gabbro, monzogabbro and granite to granodiorite and lesser quartz diorite and tonalite. Most are medium- to high-K, but included are some low-K and shoshonitic mafic compositions. Felsic rocks are of both alkaline (A-type or within-plate granite (WPG)) and calc-alkaline volcanic arc granite (VAG) affinity. Mafic rocks include both arc-like (Nb/Th < 3) calc-alkaline and non-arc-like (Nb/Th > 3) transitional calc-alkaline basalt to continental tholeiitic affinity compositions. εNd(T) values range from − 9.6 to + 5.4 and δ18O (VSMOW) values range from + 3.1 to + 13.2‰.
A rapid progression from exclusively arc-type to non-arc-like mafic and then contemporaneous WPG plus VAG magmatism has been documented using precise U–Pb zircon dating. Earlier arc-like plutonism indicates subduction, while asthenosphere-derived mafic magmas support slab break-off, due to subduction of a young, warm back-arc basin. Contemporaneous mafic magmas with arc and non-arc geochemical signatures may reflect tapping of asthenospheric and subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) sources and/or contamination of asthenosphere-derived magmas by SCLM or crust.
The brevity (< 5 Ma) of the mafic magmatic pulse agrees with the transient nature of magmatism associated with slab break-off. The subsequent ca. 1 to 2 m.y. period of voluminous WPG and VAG plutonism likely reflects mafic magma-driven partial melting of both SCLM and crustal sources, respectively. Continuation of VAG-like magmatism for an additional 2 to 5 m.y. may reflect lower solidus temperatures of crustal materials, enabling anatexis to continue after mantle melting ceased. East to west spatial variation of εNd and (La/Yb)CN in Silurian plutons suggests a transition from shallow melting of juvenile sources proximal to the collision zone to deeper melting of old source materials in the garnet-stability field further inboard.
Previous work has demonstrated that geochemical discriminaton of post-collisional granitoid magmatism (PCGM) is difficult in the absence of other constraints. Our example should contribute to the understanding and identification of PCGM if it can be employed as a ‘fingerprint’ for slab break-off-related PCGM within the Paleozoic geological record. 相似文献
7.
Pengsheng Dong M. Santosh Zhuanrong Sun Huawei Li Shushu Wang 《International Geology Review》2020,62(6):714-739
ABSTRACTThe Early Cretaceous igneous complexes in the north flank of the North China Craton (NCC) provide a window to investigate the Mesozoic magmatism in the NCC. Here we report the precise timing of Early Cretaceous magmatism and magma petrogenesis of the different rock types in the north flank of the NCC based on petrology, mineral chemistry, geochemistry, zircon geochronology and Sr-Nd isotopes. Zircon U-Pb dating reveals that the Shouwangfen complex was crystallized at 130–128 Ma. The rocks display enrichment in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and LREE, and depletion in high field strength elements (HFSE) and HREE, with relatively high Sr/Y and La/Yb values, typical of subduction-related magmatic rocks. The mafic microgranular enclaves show typical igneous textures, acicular apatites, sieve-texture of plagioclase phenocrysts and overgrowth of amphibole around the pyroxene, corresponding to magma mixing and mingling and thermal exchange. The quartz monzonites display normal zoning of the plagioclase, low and homogeneous εNd(t) values and linear co-variations in two-component diagrams. The quartz monzodiorites are characterized by high and homogeneous εNd(t) values. Petrologic feature and geochemical data suggest that the quartz monzonites represent lower crustal magma with minor contribution of enriched melt of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle (SCLM), followed by fractional crystallization. The mafic microgranular enclaves were sourced from enriched SCLM, followed by mixing and mingling with the host quartz monzonitic magma. The quartz monzodiorites are mainly SCLM-derived and subsequently mixed with lower crust melts. The high water contents (≥3%) of these Early Cretaceous igneous complexes suggests a hydrous SCLM beneath the NCC. The Early Cretaceous igneous complexes formed within an extensional tectonic setting which were related to the retreat and dehydration of the paleo-Pacific slab. The hydration of the lithosphere induced extensive crust-mantle interaction and large-scale water-rich magmatism, leading to lithospheric thinning in the NCC during the Mesozoic. 相似文献
8.
攀西茨达复式岩体年代学和地球化学:对峨眉山地幔柱活动时间的约束 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
茨达复式岩体位于中国西南扬子地台西缘的攀西裂谷内,其岩性从基性到酸性连续变化,SiO2含量为40.06％ ～68.54％,但以基性和酸性岩石为主,中性岩石较少,而且非常不均匀,通常具有斑杂构造特征.从基性岩到酸性岩,各岩石样品由轻稀土弱富集型变为较强富集型.微量元素表现为酸性岩中Rb、Th、K、La、Ce、Pb、Nd、Zr、Hf、Sm呈正异常和Ba、Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti的负异常;基性岩除Ti负异常和Pb正异常外,其它异常不明显;中性岩具有Ti、Sr负异常和Pb正异常,其它特征介于基性岩和酸性岩石之间.野外和岩相学特征明显指示出中性岩石具有混合特征.酸性端元岩浆准铝质的特征以及相对低的SiO2含量指示其起源于玄武质下地壳的部分熔融,而基性端元岩浆的地球化学特征以及高温特征暗示着其起源于地幔柱源区.锆石U-Pb年龄数据表明,该复式岩体中基性端元LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb锆石年龄为243.76±0.77Ma,酸性端元年龄为240.5±0.76Ma,可能代表了峨眉山大火成岩省岩浆活动的尾声阶段. 相似文献
9.
10.
华北地区晚中生代镁铁质岩浆作用及其地球动力学背景 总被引：20，自引：13，他引：7
华北陆块及周缘地区晚中生代镁铁质岩浆岩的元素-同位素地球化学特征显示岩石圈地幔的区域不均一性。华北内部为古老而富集的EM1型岩石圈地幔,主要岩性为弥散状金云母相橄榄岩;华北北缘的岩石圈地幔相对华北内部在化学成分上饱满,在微量元素特征上高度富集LILE、LREE和亏损Nb-Ta和U-Th,在同位素组成上相对高87Sr/86Sr(i)和εNd(t),为受到再循环古老陆壳组分改造的富集型地幔;华北陆块南缘的岩石圈地幔以高87Sr/86Sr(i)和低εNd(t)为特征,与深俯冲大陆地壳改造作用 (残留陆壳板片和熔体 -地幔反应等多种形式 )密切相关。发育在华北陆块及周缘地区的晚中生代镁铁质岩浆作用形成于岩石圈伸展 -减薄的统一动力学背景。考虑到晚中生代华北陆块受到了来自周缘陆块相互作用,如西南特提斯域构造演化、印支陆块和西伯利亚板块的侧向挤压作用和古太平洋板块迅速向北运动引起的走滑拉分作用的共同影响, 我们倾向认为这些板块边界作用引起的板内效应可能是导致华北岩石圈地幔晚中生代广泛熔融和岩石圈减薄的重要动力来源. 相似文献
11.
永新金矿是近年发现的大型蚀变岩型脉状金矿床,闪长玢岩脉等与金矿脉相互穿切并侵入于上盘龙江组火山岩中。锆石LA ICP MS U-Pb测年显示,龙江组安山岩结晶年龄为(1137 ± 18)Ma,闪长玢岩结晶年龄为(1148 ± 19)Ma,均形成于早白垩世晚期。二者钠钾含量变化相对较大,相对富铝富铁、钙镁含量中等,从火山岩到脉岩表现为钙碱性向碱性系列过渡特征。火山岩、脉岩与矿石的稀土元素配分曲线有很好的一致性,矿石稀土含量低于岩石。岩石微量元素总体显示Zr、Hf、Nd、U等明显富集,而Nb、Ta、Th、P、Ti等明显亏损。在Sr/Y-Y和(La/Yb)N-(Yb)N图解中,所有样品均落入经典岛弧岩石范围;在Nb-Y、Ta-Yb的构造环境判别图中均处于火山弧岩浆岩区,在(La/Yb)N-δEu变异图上落在壳-幔型岩浆范围。结合矿床稳定同位素及区域金矿时空分布规律等综合特征,认为永新金矿的形成与早白垩世古太平洋板块俯冲所引发的(火山)岩浆活动有关。 相似文献
12.
青藏高原东北缘多福屯第三纪钠质基性火山岩及构造启示 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
位于青藏高原东北缘的多福屯第三纪火山岩,为钠质基性火山岩系。该火山岩(La/Yb)N值在6~11,ΣREE平均为117,样品普遍具有不相容元素富集、Pb亏损以及弱的Nb、Ta正异常,Nb/U和Ce/Pb平均值分别为30和17;样品的87Sr/86Sr值为0.7041~0.7069,Nd初始值为0.5129(εNd(t)=6),Δ207Pb/204Pb和Δ208Pb/204Pb分别在11~19和73~84之间,结合高的Sr初始值,表现了特征的Dupal(高放射成因铅)异常。地球化学特征表明,该火山岩属于似OIB性质的陆内火山岩,源区具有DM与EMⅡ混合特点。个别岩石表现出明显陆壳混染的迹象。火山岩源区特征反映了OIB类岩石的复杂性,可能由区域原、古特提斯地幔继承而来,因而是原地的和固有的,并非与青藏高原物质向东挤出有关。通过与邻区同时代火山岩的对比推断,整个高原东北缘新生代火山岩幔源区具有小尺度的不均一性。高原东北缘新生代火山岩的发育可能与较大规模的贺兰-川滇南北复合构造有关。 相似文献
13.
I.V. Romanova A.E. Vernikovskaya V.A. Vernikovsky N.Yu. Matushkin A.N. Larionov 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2012,53(11):1176-1196
The formation and evolution conditions for alkaline magmatism and associated igneous rocks in the western framing of the Siberian craton are shown by the example of alkaline and subalkaline intrusive bodies of the Yenisei Ridge. Here we present petrographic, mineralogical, geochemical, and geochronological data for the rocks of the Srednetatarka and Yagodka plutons located within the Tatarka–Ishimba suture zone. Ferroan and metaluminous varieties enriched with rare elements (Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, and REE) are making up most of the studied rocks. They formed at the stages of fractional crystallization of alkaline magma in a setting of active continental margin in the west of the Siberian craton in the Late Neoproterozoic (710–690 Ma). As differentiates of mantle magmas, these rocks associate with Nb-enriched rocks—A-type leucogranites and carbonatites. Sm/Nd and Rb/Sr isotopic data imply a predominance of the mantle component in the magmatic sources of the mafic and intermediate rocks as well as contamination processes of various volumes of continental crustal material by this magma. 相似文献
14.
桂北元宝山宝坛地区约825Ma镁铁-超镁铁岩的地球化学及其地质意义 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
镁铁－超镁铁岩的岩石学和地球化学特征表明，元宝山超镁铁岩中橄榄石的Fo为78－83，岩石具有明显的包橄结构，具有LREE亏损，低Th/Nb和La/Nb比值以及高（t)值（约＋5），是来源于亏损地幔低程度部分熔融的岩浆堆晶的产物；宝坛地区镁铁－超镁铁岩富集LREE，具有高的Th/Nb,La/Nb比值和低的（t)值（－0．45－7．01），是镁铁质岩浆上升，结晶过程中与地壳物质混染（AFC）的结果，超镁铁岩与澳大利亚Garidner岩脉群具有相似的不相容元素分布型式和Nd(t) 值，是导致新元古代Rodinia超大陆裂解的地幔柱熔融的产物。 相似文献
15.
Mei-Fu Zhou Jun-Hong Zhao Liang Qi Wenchao Su Ruizhong Hu 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2006,151(1):1-19
Mafic-layered intrusions and sills and spatially associated andesitic basalts are well preserved in the Funing area, SW China.
The 258±3 Ma-layered intrusions are composed of fine-grained gabbro, gabbro and diorite. The 260±3 Ma sills consist of undifferentiated
diabases. Both the layered intrusions and volcanic rocks belong to a low-Ti group, whereas the diabases belong to a high-Ti
group. Rocks of the high-Ti group have FeO, TiO2 and P2O5 higher but MgO and Th/Nb ratios lower than those of the low-Ti group. They have initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.706–0.707) lower and ɛNd (−1.5 to −0.6) higher than the low-Ti equivalents (0.710–0.715 and −9.6 to −4.0, respectively).
The high-Ti group was formed from relatively primitive, high-Ti magmas generated by low degrees (7.3 –9.5%) of partial melting
of an enriched, OIB-type asthenospheric mantle source. The low-Ti group may have formed from melts derived from an EM2-like,
lithospheric mantle source. The mafic rocks at Funing are part of the Emeishan large igneous province formed by a mantle plume
at ∼260 Ma. 相似文献
16.
A.A. Vorontsov G.S. Fedoseev S.V. Andryushchenko 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2013,54(9):1001-1025
Based on geological data and the geochemical and isotopic (Sr, Nd) parameters of the Devonian volcanic associations of the Minusa basin, the main regularities of volcanism development are considered, the composition of magmatic sources is studied, and the geodynamic mechanisms of their involvement in rifting are reconstructed. The early stage of formation of the Minusa basin was characterized by intense volcanism, which resulted in differentiated and, more seldom, bimodal volcanic complexes composed of pyroclastic rocks and dolerite sills. At the late stage, only terrigenous deposits accumulated in the basin. It has been established that the basites are similar in composition and are intermediate in geochemical characteristics between intraplate rocks (OIB) and continent-marginal ones (IAB). The basites, like OIB, have high contents of all lithophile elements, which is typical of enriched mantle sources, and, like IAB, show negative anomalies of Nb, Ta, Ti, and, to a smaller extent, Rb, Th, Zr, and Hf, selective enrichment in Pb and Ba (and, sometimes, Sr), and a weak REE differentiation (7 < (La/Yb)N < 17). In contrast to the basins in other segments of the Devonian Altai–Sayan rift area, the igneous associations in the Minusa basin are characterized by a worse expressed geochemical inhomogeneity of rocks and lack of high-Ti (> 2 wt.% TiO2) basites. The Sr and Nd isotope compositions of the Minusa basites deviate from the mantle rock series toward the compositions with high radiogenic-strontium and low REE contents.This points to the melting of a mantle substratum (PREMA-type) and carbonate-rich sedimentary rocks, which were probably assimilated by basaltic magma. The correlations between the contents of trace incompatible elements in rocks with SiO2 = 53–77 wt.% testify to the assimilation of crustal substrata by parental basaltic melts and the subsequent differentiation of contaminated magmas (AFC model). We propose a model for the formation of primary melts with the simultaneous participation of magmatic sources of two types: plume and fluid-saturated suprasubductional, localized beneath the active continental margin. 相似文献
17.
Javier Escuder-Viruete Andrés Pérez-Estaún Dominique Weis Richard Friedman 《Lithos》2010,114(1-2):168-185
New geochronological, trace element and Sr–Nd isotope data for metabasalts, dolerites and amphibolites from the Río Verde Complex, Central Hispaniola, are integrated with existing geochemical data for mafic volcanic rocks and metamorphic derivatives from the Los Ranchos, Amina and Maimón Formations, giving new insights into magma petrogenesis and paleotectonic reconstruction of the Lower Cretaceous Caribbean island-arc–back arc system. U–Pb and 40Ar/39Ar age data show that the Río Verde Complex protoliths were in part coeval with volcanic rocks of the Los Ranchos Formation (Upper Aptian to Lower Albian). The geochemical data establish the existence of gradients in trace element parameters (Nb/Yb, Th/Yb, Zr/Yb, Zr/Ba, and normalized Ti, Sm, Y and Yb abundances) and Nd isotope compositions from throughout Hispaniola, which reflect differences in the degree of mantle wedge depletion and contributions from the subducting slab. The Río Verde Complex mafic rocks and some mafic sills and dykes intruding in the Loma Caribe Peridotite, have a transitional IAT to N-MORB geochemistry and a weak subduction-related signature, and are interpreted to form in a rifted arc or evolving back-arc basin setting. The Los Ranchos, Amina and Maimón Formations volcanic rocks have arc-like characteristics and represent magmatism in the volcanic front. Trace element and Nd isotope modeling reproduce observed data trends from arc to back-arc and suggest that the variations in several geochemical parameters observed in a SW direction across the Caribbean subduction system can be explained from the progressively lower subduction flux into a progressively less depleted mantle source. The low Nb contents and high (εNd)i values in both arc and back-arc mafic rocks imply, however, the absence of a significant Lower Cretaceous plume enriched component. In order to explain these observations, a model of proto-Caribbean oceanic lithosphere subducting to the SW at least in the 120–110 Ma interval, is proposed to cause the observed magmatic variations in the Lower Cretaceous Caribbean island-arc–back-arc system. In this context, arc rifting and initial sea-floor spreading to form the Río Verde Complex protoliths occurred in the back-arc setting of this primitive island-arc, built on the NE edge of the Caribbean plate. 相似文献
18.
Srinanda Chaudhuri Jyotisankar Ray Christian Koeberl Martin Thni Riya Dutta Abhishek Saha Mousumi Banerjee 《Geological Journal》2014,49(2):111-128
The present article describes, for the first time, petrological and geochemical details of the Mawpyut differentiated complex which is related to the Sylhet trap located at Jaintia Hills district, Meghalaya, northeastern India. The Mawpyut complex occurs as an arcuate body that intrudes into the surrounding Shillong Group rocks. The complex in general contains ‘ultramafic’ and ‘mafic’ rocks, as well as minor syenitic veins that postdate the main units. The lithotypes correspond to cumulate and noncumulate units. The cumulate unit is represented by olivine clinopyroxenite, clinopyroxenite, plagioclase‐bearing ultramafic, olivine gabbronorite, mela‐gabbronorite, melagabbro, orthopyroxene gabbro, and gabbro, all with a pronounced cumulus texture. The noncumulate unit is marked by gabbro, monzonite, monzodiorite, and quartzsyenite. The use of several major and trace element variation diagrams suggests that magmatic differentiation led to the formation of cumulate and noncumulate units. In chondrite‐normalized REE diagrams the cumulate rocks show flat LREE and MREE patterns and a moderate positive Eu anomaly (in plagioclase‐bearing ultramafics) due to plagioclase cumulation. The rocks of the noncumulate unit show a strongly fractionated REE pattern and no Eu anomaly. The noncumulate mafic rocks are geochemically comparable to high‐phosphorous/high‐titanium basalts (HPT) indicative of low pressure fractional crystallization. In a primitive mantle‐normalized multielement diagram some of the cumulate rocks show pronounced negative anomalies for K and P, indicating anorogenic mafic magmatism in a within‐plate setting. The rocks of the noncumulate unit show a slight negative anomaly for Yb and a Nb–Ta trough, indicating a subduction‐related signature that perhaps is inherited from subducted sedimentary rocks incorporated during crustal contamination of the derived magma (left after crystal cumulation) with country rocks. Various trace element ratios for the cumulate mafic rocks indicate parent EMI/EMII/HIMU sources with a very limited crustal signature. The noncumulate mafic rocks (corresponding to the derived evolved magma) indicate EMI/EMII/HIMU sources with a pronounced crustal contamination. The Sr–Nd isotopic compositions of the Mawpyut samples typically plot in the continental flood basalt field, with an affinity to the EMII source. The isotopic compositions of the noncumulate rocks also clearly indicate crustal contamination. We suggest that partial melting (involving garnet in the residue) of the enriched mantle source EMI/EMII/HIMU could have derived the parental melt; this melt, in turn, underwent assimilation and fractional crystallization to produce the variety of cumulate‐noncumulate lithologies of the Mawpyut complex. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
基性岩墙,与层状、环状基性杂岩体和高Ti、低Ti玄武岩共同组成了峨眉山大火成岩省岩石组合.为进一步确定大火成岩省及相关生物灭绝事件的时间联系,及更深化研究大火成岩省的成因,对分布于贵州省南部的基性岩墙进行了主、微量元素、Sr-Nd同位素测定和锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年代学研究.黔南基性岩墙∑REE=135.66×10-6~280.59×10-6,LREE/HREE为6.42~7.54,（La/Yb）N为7.94~9.85,轻重稀土分异明显,δEu为1.0~1.3,具有Ba、Sr、K等LILE富集,Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等HFSE亏损特征,显示与峨眉山高钛玄武岩相似的地球化学特征.Th/Ta（1.80~1.94）、Nb/U（30.8~39.88）、Th/La（0.08~0.10）、Nb/Th（7.89~8.40）比值与原始地幔相似,较低的初始（87Sr/86Sr）i比值（0.705 278~0.706 052）、εNd（t）（-0.5~+1.6）、以及Th/Ta比值（< 2.13）显示岩浆无明显的地壳混染,岩浆可能形成于受地幔柱作用的富集石榴石地幔源区10%~12%的部分熔融.SHRIMP锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为261.2±2.6 Ma,反映峨眉山大火成岩的喷发时间可能集中在260 Ma左右,并可能与瓜德鲁普末期的生物灭绝有关. 相似文献
20.
塔里木克拉通东北缘坡北、磁海等地二叠纪幔源岩浆活动形成了镍钴硫化物矿床和铁钴氧化物矿床,两者赋矿镁铁-超镁铁岩体的年龄相近(290～260 Ma),主、微量元素和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成相似,分配系数接近的微量元素比值分布于相同趋势线,揭示两者岩浆源区相同,可能为俯冲板片流体交代的亏损地幔或软流圈地幔。两类矿床镁铁-超镁铁质岩中Co与Ni含量正相关,Co主要富集在基性程度高的岩石中;块状硫化物与磁铁矿矿石中Co与Ni相关性差,Co和Ni具有不同的富集机制,Co热液富集作用明显。北山镁铁-超镁铁杂岩体是地幔柱相关软流圈上涌,诱发俯冲板片交代的亏损岩石圈地幔发生部分熔融,形成的高镁母岩浆演化过程中经历壳源混染、硫化物饱和富集镍钴形成铜镍钴硫化物矿床,富铁母岩浆氧逸度高、富水,岩浆分离结晶磁铁矿、叠加热液作用富集钴,形成铁钴氧化物矿床。 相似文献