共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
五种不同边界几何条件的平面砂箱实验模型表明,一个方向的伸展变形可因伸展边界方向的变化形成不同走向的正断层,伸展裂陷盆地中不同走向的正断层并非一定代表不同方向区域构造应力作用、或多期构造变形的结果。伸展裂陷盆地正断层走向受伸展边界走向和构造伸展的方向共同控制,伸展边界的控制力随距离增大而逐渐衰减。伸展边界附近的断层走向主要受伸展边界方向控制,大致反映伸展边界方向。盆地内部断层走向主要受构造伸展方向控制(趋向于垂直构造伸展方向),主要反映构造伸展方向。盆地伸展边界方向的变化可以引起伸展裂陷盆地内部断层走向的转向。因铲式正断层上盘滚动变形产生的正断层,其走向平行于铲式边界断层的走向。 相似文献
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新汶矿区多层次滑脱构造 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
岩石圈内部存在着多层次拆离滑脱现象,主要由伸展作用形成的矿区边界铲状正断层交汇于深层次滑脱构造面上,而浅层次滑脱构造主要是在地壳伸展之后重力滑动作用的结果。这些多层次滑脱构造是新汶矿区构造格局形成的最主要因素。 相似文献
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歧口凹陷伸展滑脱构造系统的厘定及其地质意义 总被引：12，自引：11，他引：1
歧口凹陷是渤海湾盆地中部黄骅坳陷的一个次级凹陷,凹陷内蕴藏着丰富的油气资源,是渤海湾盆地油气勘探的重点区块。在叠前三维地震剖面精细构造解释分析的基础上,识别和建立了歧口凹陷伸展滑脱构造系统。该系统分为南部伸展滑脱系统和北部伸展滑脱系统,南部滑脱系统以羊二庄滑脱断裂为主体,连接张东断裂、张北断裂、赵家堡断裂等伸展断裂组合而成,北部滑脱系统以沧东断裂为主体,连接大张坨断裂、海河断裂、港西断裂、港东断裂、南大港断裂等伸展断裂构成。在平面上两大滑脱系统各自构成一个帚状断裂体系,在剖面上表现为叠瓦式几何形态,与次级断裂常构成"Y"型或复"Y"型组合样式,向深部会聚到主滑脱面。歧口凹陷古近纪时期变形基本都限定在区域性底滑脱界面之上,并具有多层次滑脱构造特征,控制和影响了歧口凹陷不同级别的构造形态和组合样式,同时对盆地的沉降过程也有重要的控制作用。歧口凹陷伸展滑脱构造为本区的油气储集和运移提供了有利条件,并初步探讨了歧口凹陷伸展滑脱构造的动力学条件。 相似文献
4.
渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷的背形负花状构造 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
花状构造以其独特的构造样式而成为在剖面上识别走滑构造的重要标志.经典的花状构造包括正花状构造和负花状构造.渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷发育一种新型的花状构造——背形负花状构造.在三维地震剖面上,背形负花状构造是由一束向上、向外撒开的大多数为正离距的离散的走滑断层或转换伸展断层所限定的,下部呈"向形",上部呈"背形"的组合样式.平面上,褶皱和相关正断层呈雁行排列.背形负花状构造发育于南堡凹陷转换伸展的构造背景.浅层的"背形"是由转换伸展断层牵引塑性的盖层而形成的一种强制褶皱.该构造经历了牵引背斜形成和背斜脊部断裂-塌落两个发育阶段.背形负花状构造普遍发育于渤海湾盆地的新近系. 相似文献
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利用地震资料、油气勘探资料分析了南海北部大陆边缘珠江口-琼东南新生代盆地断裂系统的时空差异及动力学成因机制.珠江口-琼东南盆地古近系裂陷构造层以NE向、近EW向基底正断层构成的伸展断裂系统的几何学、运动学沿着盆地走向有明显变化,盆地内部隐伏的区域性和局部的NW向断裂及相关构造变形带构成伸展断裂系统之间的构造变换带.在空间上,区域性的云开、松涛-松南等NW向构造变换带以西为NE-NEE向正断层构成的"非拆离"伸展断层系,以东为NE向正断层、近EW向正断层(走滑正断层)复合而成的拆离伸展断层系.在时间上,古近纪裂陷作用可划分为早(文昌组沉积期)、中(恩平组/崖城组沉积期)、晚(珠海组/陵水组沉积期)3个有明显差异的裂陷期.裂陷早期,盆地西部以平面式正断层控制的简单地堑、半地堑为主,伸展量相对较小,东部则以铲式正断层控制的复式地堑、半地堑为主,伸展量相对大,断层向深部收敛在中地壳韧性层构成拆离的伸展断层系统.裂陷中期,琼东南盆地、珠江口盆地西部断裂具有继承性活动特点,珠江口盆地东部发育NWW-EW向伸展断层,并向深层切割早期浅层拆离断层,形成深层拆离伸展断层系统,而沿着云开构造变换带发育反转构造.裂陷晚期,琼东南盆地、珠江口盆地西部断裂具有活动性减弱特点,琼东南盆地东部发育NWW-EW向伸展断层,形成深层拆离伸展断层系统,而沿着琼中央构造变换带发育反转、走滑构造.珠江口-琼东南盆地不同区段断裂系统及其构造演化的差异性受盆地基底先存构造、地壳及岩石圈结构及伸展量等多方面因素的影响,拆离伸展断层系统与发育NWW向"贯穿"断裂的基底构造薄弱带、现今地壳局部减薄带相关,南海扩展由东而西的迁移诱导北部大陆边缘块体沿着先存NW向深大断裂发生走滑旋转是导致变换构造带两侧差异伸展的动力学原因,应力场及岩石圈热结构变化是引起拆离断层深度变化的重要因素. 相似文献
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北部湾盆地乌石凹陷从古新世早期到渐新世末期经历了多幕次的伸展,在裂陷Ⅱ幕时期形成了一组近E-W向的伸展滑脱断裂系,但其形成机制及演化过程尚未明确. 基于油气勘探过程中获取的全新高精度三维地震资料,应用构造?地层综合解释以及定量分析的技术方法,对乌石凹陷东洼伸展滑脱构造进行了深入的解析. 结果表明,乌石东洼新生代地层共发育7条近E-W或NE-SW向展布的伸展滑脱断层（Fa?Fg）,这些伸展滑脱断层与北倾的7号断层相向倾斜发育,共同控制了流沙港组一段到涠洲组一段的跷跷板式地层沉积和大型滚动背斜的形成. 从演化上来讲,在始新世早中期（T100-T83）盆地为由NE-SW向展布的7号断层和局部基底小规模正断层控制的地堑或半地堑盆地,早期局部沉积的流沙港组三段被晚期连续沉积的厚层流沙港组二段油页岩覆盖. 始新世晚期?渐新世晚期（T83-T60）,盆地沉积了由对倾发育的伸展滑脱断层和7号断层共同控制的流沙港组一段?涠洲组一段,对倾断层的先后活动导致了沉降沉积中心的迁移,控制了复杂的“跷跷板式”滚动背斜及“包心菜”构造的发育. 新近纪以来（T60-海底）,盆地的构造活动性减弱,转变为坳陷型盆地. 描述了乌石凹陷东洼裂陷Ⅱ幕时期形成的伸展滑脱构造的几何学特征,并解析了伸展滑脱构造的形成模式,提出了滑脱断裂发育有自下坡断层组向上坡断层组迁移的规律,对解决油气的运移、储存、保存等问题有重要的意义. 相似文献
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采用全盆地十条控制性综合地震剖面，结合钻井及虚拟井数据，利用几何量取，压实校正，均衡补偿，平衡剖面第一系列方法原理，建立了求取拉张量，构造沉降幅度，滑脱深度的几何模型，对东濮凹陷构造运动学特征进行了系统研究，计算了盆地基底拉张量，伸展系数和下第三系各层段的拉张量，各地质时期的构造沉降量及兰聊断层的滑脱深度；由此分析了凹陷南北不同构造部位基底拉和活动的差异和凹陷的幕式张裂活动特征及兰聊断裂的滑脱特征 相似文献
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渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷断裂系统成因的构造解析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文在对南堡凹陷三维联片地震资料构造解析的基础上,应用先存构造构造条件下的断层作用模式,结合构造物理模拟实验成果,系统分析了南堡凹陷的断裂系统和构造样式。表明,南堡凹陷是典型的斜向伸展构造样式,其中受铲式和（或）坡坪式边界正断层及先存断裂共同控制的复式 “y” 形样式是南堡凹陷基本的构造样式,其次是复式“x”形、“多米诺式”、“阶梯式”和“铲式扇”断块构造样式。平面上划分出为4个断裂系统：北堡－老爷庙断裂系统,高柳断裂系统,柏各庄断裂系统和南堡断裂系统,其中高柳断裂系统和南堡断裂系统进一步分别划分为2个和3个子断裂系统;纵向上划分出下部（E2s3构造层）和上部（E2s1-Q地层）两个断裂系统,E2s2是上下两个断裂系统的过渡层,断层不发育。断层的平面组合形式有4种,分别为：平行状、平行交织状、“梳状”和“帚状”。“两期伸展” 的变形叠加模式可以合理地解释南堡凹陷新生代的构造变形：E2s3期的构造变形在是以中生代形成的先存构造为基础,北西-南东方向伸展作用的结果;E2s1以来的变形是以E2s3期形成的断裂为先存构造,南北向伸展作用的结果;E2s2是应力体制转换的过渡阶段。凹陷边界断层（西南庄断层、柏各庄断层和高柳断层）存在显著的分段性,不同段落断层的走向、性质和活动性、均表现出很大的差异,而且在不同构造演化阶段发生显著的变化。凹陷边界断层及凹陷内的南堡断层、和蛤坨断层组成的构造格架对南堡凹陷断裂系统的形成和演化起重要的控制作用,复杂的先存构造是造成断裂系统横向差异的根本原因。 相似文献
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野外地质调查表明,鲁西隆起的伸展断裂十分发育,其构造样式复杂.主要形式为陡倾斜的伸展断裂和缓倾斜的滑脱断层组成的复合伸展断裂系统.陡倾斜的伸展断裂构成鲁西伸展断裂系的主体,是控制其南部凹陷沉积的边界断裂.断裂带中构造角砾岩、断层泥发育,并有小褶皱、擦痕等显示断裂活动的标志.缓倾斜的滑脱断层在鲁西隆起区广泛发育,分为深、浅两个层次,浅层次中最具规模的位于下寒武统与太古宇之间.滑脱面上盘的寒武系底部产生强烈的构造变形,褶皱和破碎带发育,下盘构造相对简单,仅挤压破碎.深层次滑脱断层发育在中地壳低速层处,控制着浅层次滑脱断层的形成与分布.构造应力场数值模拟结果显示,鲁西隆起的伸展断裂系统是由晚中生代以来两次大规模的伸展运动形成的,形成机制上,与中、新生代郯庐断裂的走滑活动、太平洋板块的俯冲以及岩浆上涌密切相关. 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献