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1.
1985年作者曾完成“鲜水河地震带和松潘、龙门山地震带未来半年内是否可能发生5级以上地震的模式识别”的研究。本文首先使用当时选定的九个原始特征、示性特征判别阈值和投票阈值,将模式识别方法用于近几年对这两个地震带的预报实践表明,按识别结果作出的预报是正确的。本文在原来基础上又增添一个新的原始特征——“断层面总面积∑E(2/3)”,重新求证最佳判别阈值和投票阈值,最后得到了更加稳定的识别模型。 相似文献
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本文对1982年度发生的6级以上地震及其他“重要”(significant)地震主要以文字叙述方式按月统计其发生的数字和发震地点,报道一些破坏性地震的灾情和造成的破坏或伤亡以及救灾情况,同时将这些破坏性地震的震源参数列出一览表附后。最后对全年的地震情况作一总的概述。此外,表中的“测定机构”栏内的英文缩写字母所代表的有关单位另列出英、中文对照表附在一览表之后,以供查阅。 相似文献
3.
淄博市及其邻近地区活断层地震危险性评价 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文是山东省防震减灾“十五”重点项目(SD10503)—淄博市活断层探测与地震危险性评价项目的一个子课题和山东省自然科学基金青年基金(Q97E1142)——郯庐断裂带强震孕育动力学模型及其数值模拟研究部分研究成果的总结.在分析研究地震地质、地球物理、断层综合地球物理探测、探槽开挖、断层活动性鉴定等技术手段获得的反映区域地震构造环境、深部构造背景、活动断裂长期滑动习性的定性和定量资料、历史与现代地震活动性和地球动力学资料的基础上,甄别出具有发生破坏性地震的活断层段.同时利用定性、定量和综合判定方法,评价了淄博市及其邻近地区主要断层的地震危险性.本项研究成果为淄博市城区地震小区划、震害预测和断层危害性评价提供了基础依据. 相似文献
4.
山西地堑带位于华北地区西部,是华北地区强烈地震活动带.大多数破坏性地震呈北东或北西向有规律的分布于地堑中,尤其六级以上破坏性地震,分布更为明显,所以地震的分布与强烈活动的地堑构造有明显关系.地震是地壳运动的一种表现形式,它必须服从于构造运动的规律.地震的发生发展取决于受力状态及物质条件,即取决于作用力的大小、方向和速度以及介质 相似文献
5.
我国火山灾害的主要类型及火山灾害区划图编制现状探讨 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过对《核电厂厂址选择中的地震问题》(HAF0101(1))有关条款的详细剖析,发震构造包括两个方面的含义:一是曾经是地震震源的地质构造;二是未来可能发生破坏性地震的地质构造。地震重演原则和构造类比原则是判定发震构造的两条基本依据,但在实际工作中构造类比原则的应用往往存在较大难度,对中强地震发震构造的判定尤其如此。文中提出:对中强地震构造带地貌差异性和第四纪地层分布特征的研究有可能提供识别发生中强地震地质构造的标志。 相似文献
6.
本文将云南省地震局多年来积累的关于中强震发生的地质构造、地貌、地球物理场、地形变等特征基础资料,用于Cora-3算法的模式识别,得出云南省潜在震源区的背景指标,结果是比较理想的。“投票”结果表明,80%的学习集D类对象仍被识别为D类,85%的学习集N类对象仍被识别为N类,控制试验的结果也表明识别结果是比较稳定和可靠的。 相似文献
7.
我们综合分析了大地测量、地质以及地震资料来评估南加州３类地震构造带破坏性地震的发生概率。Ａ类地震构造带的断层有充分的古地震数据用于评估发震条件概率。Ｂ类地震构造带的断层缺乏条件概率分析的数据。Ｃ类地震构造带则是转换或隐伏断层。假设在各类地震构造带的具体断层上地震加上特征地震呈随机分布，那末我们的“阶式排列”模型就能适合多种断层地震。在每一地震构造带中，假如用古登堡－里克特震级分布平滑曲线上分配地震 相似文献
8.
本文综合汇编了1986年度全世界47次破坏性地震所造成的灾害情况,并按时间顺序报道各震的震源参数:发震时刻(除注明当地时间者外,均为协调时、UTC 或标准时间 GMT)、震中位置(地点和纬、经度)、震源深度和震级(或烈度)、震灾情况及地震成因等。有关“测定机构”的英文缩写字母所代表的专业单位,另列出英、中文对照全称的附表,以供查阅。 相似文献
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关于识别发震构造的思考与建议 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文基于地震活动是现代地质构造运动之产物,以及对我国及邻区现代构造条件的认识,指出了构造类比中值得关注的7个问题,提出了发震构造识别方法的新建议,其主要结果如下:(1)发震构造宜定义为,"在现代构造条件下,曾发生或可能发生地震的地质构造"。(2)我国及邻区的现代地质构造同第四纪以来的新构造运动是一脉相承,密不可分的。其中,①现代构造应力场具有明显的区域特征,而且从中更新世以来是基本稳定的;②组成我国大陆不同新构造类型的活动地块(构造单元)之间,存在包括地壳和上地幔横向非均匀性的构造格架差异;③大陆内部各活动地块之间,也存在不同的现代构造形变特征;④宜将中更新世的构造形迹作为与地震活动有关的现代构造形迹看待。(3)在进行构造类比时值得关注的问题有:①宜按活动断裂当前所处的发育阶段来评价其潜在地震;②断裂活动时代并非识别发震构造的充分条件,只有符合现代构造条件的粘~滑断裂,才应识别为大地震的发震构造;③只有同现代构造应力场相适应的先存构造,才可能孕育和发生地震;④对于某些单一断层参数与震级关系的统计结果,未考虑各地震构造区之间现代构造条件和断裂发育阶段的差异,则难以用于构造类比;⑤凡有新生代玄武岩(β6)出露的地段,有可能只发生6.5级以下的地震;⑥地震同地表断裂形迹之间没有必然的联系,尤其仅有断层物质特性分析或测年结果可用时,宜慎重对待为妥;⑦构造类比方法仅适用于识别与先存构造继承性活动有关的发震构造,对于活动地块内部新生或隐伏的发震构造仍无能为力。(4)对于发震构造识别方法的建议是:①以新构造单元为基础划分地震构造区;②按历史重演原则识别曾发生过地震的构造,即凡有较可靠中强以上地震震中、有小地震成丛或呈带分布、或有可信古地震遗迹的地段,均宜识别出符合现代构造条件的发震构造;③根据地震构造区内曾发生过不同震级档地震的构造标志,再按类比原则推断可能的发震构造;④综合评定地震构造区的极限地震,并以此作为区内发震构造最大潜在地震的阀限。 相似文献
11.
In this study, we have checked the location and focal depth of the Yecheng earthquake (m b = 6.0, maximum intensity VII) of February 14, 1980. The result shows that this is an intermediate event with a focal depth of 90 km. The microepicenter is located at 36. 4°N, 76, 9°E, while the macroepicenter is at 37.3°N, 76.9°E, 90 km to the north of the microepicenter. This is the first destructive intermediate event in China which led to a damage as severe as of intensity VII. The focal mechanism of the event is determined to be of thrust type. Combined with the analysis of seismological and geological data in surrounding area, the possible relation between the event and plate movement has been discussed. The result in this paper indicates that in some particular place, the destructive effect of intermediate event should be considered in seismic hazard assessment. 相似文献
12.
Spatial scanning is done for two regions in Chinese Mainland,where displayed a denseprecursory network during 1994～1998.The two regions are the mid-southern segment of theNorth-south seismic belt(20°～35°N,95°～110°E)and North China(36°～42°N,110°～120°E).We took 0.5°×0.5°as a spatial window with a step of 0.25°and 4 months as atemporal window with a step of 1 month.For the two regions,the anomaly density is scannedfrom 1994 and 1995 respectively in the two regions.The precursory anomalies are all fromthe Division of Seismic Trend in China and the Division of Seismic Trend in the Capital Area,Center for Analysis and Prediction,China Seismological Bureau.A seismogenic tectonicmodel is introduced to explain the scanning results.In the model,the frictional strength ofthe focal sources is distributed randomly.After the boundary plate motion rate and all othergeological parameters are given,the stress of the sources in the system changesinhomogenously due to the variation of the frictional streng 相似文献
13.
The Yecheng, Xinjiang, China, earthquake of February 14, 1980
—A destructive intermediate earthquake
—A destructive intermediate earthquake
In this study, we have checked the location and focal depth of the Yecheng earthquake (m
b
= 6.0, maximum intensity VII) of February 14, 1980. The result shows that this is an intermediate event with a focal depth
of 90 km. The microepicenter is located at 36. 4°N, 76, 9°E, while the macroepicenter is at 37.3°N, 76.9°E, 90 km to the north
of the microepicenter. This is the first destructive intermediate event in China which led to a damage as severe as of intensity
VII. The focal mechanism of the event is determined to be of thrust type. Combined with the analysis of seismological and
geological data in surrounding area, the possible relation between the event and plate movement has been discussed. The result
in this paper indicates that in some particular place, the destructive effect of intermediate event should be considered in
seismic hazard assessment.
The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,14, 137–143, 1992. 相似文献
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Zeng ZhiGang Wang XiaoYuan Zhang GuoLiang Yin XueBo Chen DaiGeng Wang XiaoMei 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(2):206-215
The mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of Fe-oxyhydroxide samples from one dredge station (long. 103°54.48′W, lat.
12°42.30′N, water depth 2655 m) on the East Pacific Rise near lat 13°N were analyzed by XRD, ICP-AES, and ICP-MS. Most Fe-oxyhydroxides
are amorphous, with a few sphalerite microlites. In comparison with Fe-oxyhydroxides from other fields, the variable ranges
in the chemical composition of Fe-oxyhydroxide samples are very narrow; their Fe, Si, and Mn contents were 39.90%, 8.92%,
and 1.59%, respectively; they have high Cu (0.88%–1.85%) and Co (65×10−6−704×10−6) contents, and contain Co+Cu+Zn+Ni> 1.01%. The trace-element (As, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ba, Sr) and major-element (Fe, Ca, Al,
Mg) contents of these samples are in the range of hydrothermal sulfide from the East Pacific Rise near 13°N, reflecting that
this type of Fe-oxyhydroxide constitutes a secondary oxidation product of hydrothermal sulfide. The Fe-oxyhydroxide samples
from one dredge station on the East Pacific Rise near 13°N are lower in ΣREE (5.44×10−6–17.01×10−6), with a distinct negative Ce anomaly (0.12–0.28). The Fe-oxyhydroxide samples have similar chondrite-normalized rare-earth-element
(REE) patterns to that of seawater, and they are very different from the REE composition characteristics of hydrothermal plume
particles and hydrothermal fluids, showing that the REEs of Fe-oxyhydroxide are a major constituent of seawater and that the
Fe-oxyhydroxides can become a sink of REE from seawater. The quick settling of hydrothermal plume particles resulted in the
lower REE content and higher Mn content of these Fe-oxyhydroxides, which are captured in part of the V and P from seawater
by adsorption. The Fe-oxyhydroxides from one dredge station on the East Pacific Rise near 13°N were formed by secondary oxidation
in a low temperature, oxygenated environment. In comparison with the elemental (Zn, Cd, Pb, Fe, Co, Cu) average content of
hydrothermal sulfide samples from the East Pacific Rise near 13°N, the Zn, Cd, and Pb contents of the Fe-oxyhydroxides are
lower, and their Fe, Co, and Cu contents are higher.
Supported in part by the Pilot Project of Knowledge Innovation Project, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX3-SW-223),
and the Special Foundation for the Tenth Five Plan of COMRA (Grant No. DY105-01-03-1) 相似文献
16.
本文分析了地震相对定位的双差法和地壳结构与定位联合反演方法的优势与局限性,在联合反演中用遗传算法最优化,将上述两种方法结合,对江苏省中南部和相邻地区进行地震重新精定位.先对研究区进行地壳结构与定位联合反演,然后用得到的地壳结构,用双差法进行相对定位.就该区主要断层的平面分布及与地震的关系,溧阳6.0级地震、南黄海6.2级地震、常熟-太仓5.1级地震的震源深度与发震构造,常熟一张家港间震群的震源深度进行了分析讨论. 相似文献
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This is a preliminary study on the microtektites that were found in large numbers from the interval between 7.80 and 8.10
m depth of core S095-17957-2 (10°53.9’N, 115°18.3’E, water depth 2 195 m), northern Nansha area of the South China Sea. The
microtektites vary in shape, with spherules predominating, and are commonly less than 1 mm in diameter, transparent or semitransparent,
brownish in color, with bubbles inside. Based on coarse fraction stratigraphy and foraminifera/nanofossil biostratigraphical
events the microtektite layer was assigned to nearly the Bm-hes/Matuyama magnetic reversal boundary (some 0.78 MaBP). Obviously,
the present microtektites, and those found from the middle Pleistocene of the Indian Ocean, Australia and loess of northern
China, were products of the same impact event and therefore, are useful as a reliable mark in Quaternary stratigraphy, as
well as in paleoclimatic studies.
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 49676287, 49732060). 相似文献
19.
本文利用位于我国中南部电离层闪烁监测台网2012年至2015年的观测数据,比较分析了GPS（Global Positioning System）信号闪烁与周跳的统计特征以及太阳活动和地磁扰动对闪烁与周跳的影响.结果表明,闪烁活动与周跳出现随地方时、月份、太阳活动和地磁扰动变化的统计特征类似,且周跳出现的可能性随S4指数增高显著增大,说明闪烁与周跳存在密切的关联,是引起周跳的一种重要因素.一天之中,闪烁和周跳主要出现在日落后至黎明前,午夜前出现最频繁,白天仅偶尔出现.在赤道异常峰及其邻近区域,一年之中,闪烁和周跳主要出现在春秋季,春季闪烁活动和周跳出现明显比秋季频繁,呈现春秋不对称性,冬夏季节闪烁和周跳都很少出现.闪烁活动与周跳出现的逐年变化显著依赖太阳活动水平,随太阳活动水平升高而增强,而地磁扰动与闪烁活动与周跳出现呈负相关,地磁扰动对闪烁活动与周跳出现整体上起抑制作用.平均而言,越靠近磁赤道的台站闪烁活动越频繁,随纬度升高,闪烁活动频次逐渐降低,且闪烁活动的开始时间随纬度升高而滞后,暗示引起GPS信号闪烁的电离层不规则结构主要起源于磁赤道区.此外,分析还发现,闪烁活动与周跳出现的空域有相当好的一致性,主要分布在观测点上空仰角55°以下、方位角150°~240°的空域内. 相似文献
20.
本文利用宁夏及其邻区地震台网记录的18099个初动符号,以单个地震震源机制解和小震综合解的平均解,求得7个小区的区域构造应力场。全区主压应力场的平均方位为39°左右。各小区的平均主压应力方位为:西(吉)、海(原)、固(原)地区60°;银川平原及石咀山地区42°;石咀山以北、以西地区26°;(中)卫、(中)宁地区17°。各区均以来自西南方向的压应力为主。并认为当弱震活动带走向与主压应力方位成25°—30°夹角时,未来在这些条带上发生中强地震的可能性较大 相似文献