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1.
将摩擦摆(FPS)引入到网壳结构的隔震控制中。文中首先阐明了FPS的工作机理和本构关系,建立了FPS隔震网壳结构的振动方程。通过双层球面网壳结构的数值算例考察了隔震和无控结构在单向和三向地震作用下的振动响应以及FPS的控制效果。研究结果表明,FPS具有良好的隔震和耗能效果,可有效地应用于球面网壳结构的振动控制。 相似文献
2.
将凯威特网壳结构的固定支座设置成隔震支座，分别采用弹簧支座和粘弹阻尼支座对结构进行了隔震控制。在有控和无控状态下，计算了凯威特网壳结构的自振频率，初步分析了凯威特网壳结构的隔震控制机理。分别在常遇和罕遇各三种地震作用下，对网壳结构进行了时程分析，对网壳结构的最大水平位移、隔震支座的最大水平位移、最大支座反力和网壳结构的杆件轴力进行了数值计算。研究结果表明：两种隔震装置均有效地控制了凯威特网壳结构的支座反力和杆件轴力，粘弹阻尼支座还明显地减少了隔震支座的水平位移和隔震结构的水平位移。隔震方法对于大跨网壳结构的减振是有效的。 相似文献
3.
研究了多维地震激励下具有不同隔震控制参数的结构的响应。运用SAP2000有限元软件,根据某个实际工程建立了有限元模型,并对结构进行了动力特性的分析。选取Ⅱ类场地上3条多维地震动,给出了隔震支座的有限元模拟过程。介绍了隔震支座基本参数的选取方法,根据选取的隔震支座,比较了结构有、无隔震支座时的周期。分别研究了多维地震动激励下结构有、无隔震支座的反应。研究结果表明:单维和多维地震激励下,结构的隔震响应不同,应该按照多维地震情况考虑;多维地震动的入射角对结构隔震响应的影响显著,不容忽视;多维地震动强度峰值比对结构隔震响应的影响很小,可以忽略不计。 相似文献
4.
球面网壳结构是典型的大跨度空间结构,地震时水平和竖向地面运动分量对其地震响应的影响均十分显著。为了提高网壳结构的抗震性能,可采用支座型隔震装置形成分段式多维隔震机制。在这类多维隔震体系中,碟形弹簧支座可用于结构的竖向隔震,同时,可将其与适用于水平隔震的摩擦摆(FPS)或SMA-橡胶支座配合使用。基于上述概念设计,提出了水平和竖向隔震装置的构造和计算模型。进而,根据网壳结构多维隔震的动力方程,开展了El Centro波作用下双层球面网壳和单层球面网壳结构多维隔震控制的数值模拟。计算结果表明,多维隔震球面网壳结构的杆件内力、加速度和位移的减振效果能达到50%以上,验证了所提多维隔震技术对保护球面网壳结构免遭地震破坏的有效性。 相似文献
5.
大跨空间结构具有空间跨度大,结构整体刚度大、受力合理、耗材少、重量轻等优点,在世界各地应用前景非常广阔。但在强震作用下,此种结构破坏严重,经济损失惨重。震害经验与理论研究表明地震动是一种复杂的多维运动,只考虑单分量水平地震作用是不够的,还应考虑竖向地震分量对整体结构的影响。在作者研制的SMA-叠层橡胶支座的基础上,针对竖向刚度大、竖向隔震效果不明显的问题,研制一种在上部串联加入碟形弹簧的新型三维隔震支座,并建立一典型的单层柱面网壳结构模型,在输入不同峰值地震动情况下,通过时程反应分析可见,SMA三维隔震支座下结构位移、加速度峰值与普通橡胶支座对比明显降低,时程曲线趋于平缓,典型的杆件轴力也有明显降低,说明了SMA三维隔震复合支座隔震效果更好。 相似文献
6.
在不同频率特征的地震动作用下,三维隔震单层球面网壳结构隔震层最优阻尼设计不同.文中基于单自由度体系加速度传递率函数,提出一种地震动主频相关的加速度阈值变阻尼半主动控制方法以及地震动主频分区识别方法.基于ABAQUS软件的DLOAD子程序,开展了三维隔震单层球面网壳被动控制与半主动控制有限元计算,对节点加速度、杆件轴力进... 相似文献
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为分析永久位移型地震动对隔震结构地震响应的影响,文中对单层单跨结构有限元隔震模型分别输入永久位移型及非永久位移型地震动,以探究隔震结构在2种类型地震动输入下的地震响应差别。单层单跨隔震结构有限元模型的数值分析结果表明：相比较非永久位移型地震动,永久位移型地震动作用下隔震层加速度以及位移响应较大。当峰值加速度输入一致时,永久位移型地震动作用下隔震层峰值加速度相较于非永久位移型地震动增大约10%～30%;永久位移型地震动作用下隔震支座最大相对位移相较于非永久位移型地震动增大约10%～40%;随着2种类型地震动峰值加速度的增加,隔震结构同一隔震支座的最大相对位移差值呈现出增大的趋势。 相似文献
9.
采用橡胶支座的隔震方式是目前较成熟的隔震技术,但橡胶支座存在着水平变形大、阻尼较小、耗能不足等问题。SMA-橡胶复合隔振支座充分利用了形状记忆合金(SMA)丝的超弹性特点,在支座工作时起到恢复力主要补充作用,使得支座在抗侧移能力和耗能方面都得到了加强。通过建立双层球面网壳模型,对其在普通橡胶支座和SMA复合橡胶支座两种不同工况下的隔震效果进行对比分析,说明在采用后者的双层球面网壳结构其杆件的内力值和节点位移值都明显降低,受拉的上弦杆和受压的下弦杆无论是受力峰值及其杆件数量都有所减少,提高了网壳结构的变形协调能力,限制了网壳结构薄弱杆件的破坏,SMA复合橡胶支座起到了较好的减震耗能作用,对双层球面网壳的隔振作用优于橡胶支座。 相似文献
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Development of a tunable friction pendulum system for semi‐active control of building structures under earthquake ground motions 
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下载免费PDF全文 The Friction Pendulum System (FPS) isolator is commonly used as a base isolation system in buildings. In this paper, a new tunable FPS (TFPS) isolator is proposed and developed to act as a semi‐active control system by combining the traditional FPS and semi‐active control concept. Theoretical analysis and physical tests were carried out to investigate the behavior of the proposed TFPS isolator. The experimental and theoretical results were in good agreement, both suggesting that the friction force of the TFPS isolator can be tuned to achieve seismic isolation of the structure. A series of numerical simulations of a base‐isolated structure equipped with the proposed TFPS isolator and subjected to earthquake ground motions were also conducted. In the analyses, the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) method was adopted to control the friction force of the proposed TFPS, and the applicability and effectiveness of the TFPS in controlling the structure's seismic responses were investigated. The simulation results showed that the TFPS can reduce the displacement of the isolation layer without significantly increasing the floor acceleration and inter‐story displacement of the superstructure, confirming that the TFPS can effectively control a base‐isolated structure under earthquake ground motions. 相似文献
12.
Rachel L. Calafell Paul N. Roschke Juan C. de la Llera 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2010,8(4):1019-1036
In this study friction pendulum system (FPS) bearings and precast-prestressed pile (PPP) isolators are considered as base
isolation devices for a Chilean confined masonry house. The house is numerically modeled using a multiple degree-of-freedom
approach that is calibrated with experimental data. Dynamic behavior of the FPS and PPP isolators is simulated using analytical
formulations based on laboratory testing. Optimization of the isolators is performed using an earthquake that is generated
to match the design spectrum for the house based on Chilean seismic code. A non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II)
is applied to carry out the optimization. Seismic response of the base-isolated structure subjected to a suite of ground motions
is compared to the performance of the traditionally-constructed structure by means of several performance indices (PIs). Numerical
simulations indicate that the PPP isolation system is more effective in reducing the base and structural shear, interstory
drift, and floor acceleration of the structure than the FPS isolation system, although both systems result in substantial
reductions of the response. 相似文献
13.
摩擦摆基础隔震上部偏心结构地震反应影响因素分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对上部结构存在偏心的摩擦摆基础隔震结构进行了水平双向地震作用下的地震反应分析,研究了上部结构偏心距和抗扭刚度对结构地震反应的影响。分析表明:上部结构偏心距对上部结构和隔震层的位移反应和加速度反应均有较大影响,即使在上部结构偏心距较小时,其对结构地震反应仍有一定程度的影响;上部结构的抗扭刚度对上部结构的加速度反应影响较小,而对上部结构的位移反应影响较大;上部结构的抗扭刚度对隔震层的加速度反应和位移反应影响较小。因而,对于上部结构存在偏心的摩擦摆基础隔震结构,应减小上部结构偏心距并增大其抗扭刚度以减小摩擦摆基础隔震结构的扭转反应。 相似文献
14.
Numerical simulations are performed to assess the effects of near-fault ground motions on base-isolated buildings that consist of either lead-rubber (LRB) or friction-pendulum system (FPS) bearings in addition to supplemented viscous dampers. While LRB and FPS isolation systems have been applied for a number of years, the addition of supplemental damping devices is being currently considered for strong ground motions to reduce the isolator displacements. However, the main problem in this case is that the addition of damping may increase both internal deformation and absolute accelerations of the superstructure and thus may defeat many of the gains for which base isolation is intended. In the present paper, a detailed and systematic investigation on the performance of LRB and FPS isolation systems, provided with supplemental viscous damping under the effect of near-fault ground motions, has been carried out by using commercial finite element software. 相似文献
15.
《中国地震研究》2021,(2)
Long-period structures(e.g. Isolated structures) tend to produce pseudo-resonance with low frequency components of long-period ground motions, resulting in the increase in damage. Stiffness mutation occurs due to the setback in the upper body of the large chassis structure. In the parts with stiffness mutation, the torsion effect caused by the tower is far greater than that of the chassis itself. In this study, a total of 273 ground motions are collected and then filtered into four types, including the near-field ordinary, near-field pulse, far-field ordinary, and farfield harmonic. An 8-degree(0.2 g) fortified large chassis base-isolated structure is established. Furthermore,ETABS program software is used to conduct nonlinear time history analysis on the isolation and seismic model under bi-directional earthquake ground motions. The comparison results show that the seismic isolation effect of the base-isolated structure under long-period ground motions is worse than that associated with ordinary ground motions when the seismic response reduction rate of the large base floor significantly decreases compared with that of the tower. When the inter-story displacement angle and the displacement of isolation layer of the chassis exceeds the limit of Code for Seismic Design of Buildings(GB 50011-2010), it is recommended to adopt composite seismic isolation technology or add limit devices. Under the condition of long-period ground motions, the baseisolated structure reduces the lateral-torsional coupling effect of the large chassis structure, while the torsion response of large chassis' top layer increases. Under long-period ground motions with the same acceleration peak,the response of the base-isolated structure increases much more than that of the seismic structure and the consideration of this impact is suggested to be added to the Code. 相似文献
16.
A common effective method to reduce the seismic response of liquid storage tanks is to isolate them at base using base-isolation systems. It has been observed that in many earthquakes, the foregoing systems significantly affect on the whole system response reduction. However, in exceptional cases of excitation by long-period shaking, the base-isolation systems could have adverse effects. Such earthquakes could cause tank damage due to excessive liquid sloshing. Therefore, the numerical seismic response of liquid storage tanks isolated by bilinear hysteretic bearing elements is investigated under long-period ground motions in this research. For this purpose, finite shell elements for the tank structure and boundary elements for the liquid region are employed. Subsequently, fluid–structure equations of motion are coupled with governing equation of base-isolation system, to represent the whole system behavior. The governing equations of motion of the whole system are solved by an iterative and step-by-step algorithm to evaluate the response of the whole system to the horizontal component of three ground motions. The variations of seismic shear forces, liquid sloshing heights, and tank wall radial displacements are plotted under various system parameters such as the tank geometry aspect ratio (height to radius), and the flexibility of the isolation system, to critically examine the effects of various system parameters on the effectiveness of the base-isolation systems against long-period ground motions. From these analyses, it may be concluded that with the installation of this type of base-isolation system in liquid tanks, the dynamic response of tanks during seismic ground motions can be considerably reduced. Moreover, in the special case of long-period ground motions, the seismic response of base-isolated tanks may be controlled by the isolation system only at particular conditions of slender and broad tanks. For the case of medium tanks, remarkable attentions would be required to be devoted to the design of base-isolation systems expected to experience long-period ground motions. 相似文献
17.
近断层地震动中长周期、短持时和高能量的加速度脉冲将对高层摩擦摆基础隔震结构的减震性能产生不利影响,考虑土-结构相互作用（SSI效应）后的隔震结构将产生动力耦合效应,可能进一步放大隔震结构地震响应。为此,通过一幢框架-核心筒高层摩擦摆基础隔震结构的非线性地震响应分析,考察近断层脉冲型地震动作用下框架-核心筒摩擦摆基础隔震结构的层间位移角、楼层加速度和隔震层变形等响应规律,揭示隔震体系的损伤机理。基于集总参数SR （sway-rocking）模型,分析不同场地类别与不同地震动类型对隔震体系动力响应影响规律。结果表明:高层摩擦摆基础隔震结构在近断层脉冲型地震动作用下的减震效果相比普通地震动减震效果变差,楼层剪力、层间位移角和隔震层变形等超越普通地震动作用下的1.5倍;对于Ⅲ和Ⅳ类场地类别,考虑SSI效应使隔震结构的地震响应进一步放大,弹塑性层间位移角随着土质变软增大尤为明显。 相似文献
18.
建立设备-结构耦合隔震体系模型,选取近断层脉冲型和非脉冲型地震波各50条,计算耦合隔震体系的动力响应。分析表明,近断层脉冲型地震动对耦合隔震体系的影响大于非脉冲型地震动,且对主体结构的影响大于对设备的影响;近断层脉冲型地震作用下的隔震层位移、层间位移、楼层加速度、设备加速度和设备位移的平均响应分别达到非脉冲型地震作用的2.25倍、2.17倍、2.24倍、1.17倍和1.20倍。进行设备-结构耦合隔震体系设计时,需考虑近断层地震动脉冲作用的影响,同时需注意引起主体结构和设备最大响应的地震动不一定相同。 相似文献
19.
This experimental investigation deals with the earthquake behaviour of a nominally symmetric and a mass‐asymmetric three‐storey structural model isolated with the frictional pendulum system (FPS). Both accidental and natural torsion are evaluated in the structure by using recorded accelerations in all building floors and measured deformations at the isolation level. A 3D‐shaking table was used to subject the model to five different ground motions, including impulsive as well as far‐field subduction‐zone type earthquakes. Results show that the analytical predictions of the earthquake behaviour of the isolated structure, as obtained from a physical model of the FPS, are in close agreement with the true complex inelastic measured behaviour of the FPS. Besides, experimental results also validate previous observations about the importance of accounting for the variability of the normal loads in modelling the earthquake behaviour of FPS isolators. Measured torsional deformation amplifications at the base of the building vary, in the mean, from 2.5% to 6% for the symmetric and asymmetric structural configurations, respectively. In relation to the fixed base structure, the reduction factors for the base shear of the isolated structure are, in the mean, about 3.9 for both configurations. Finally, it is concluded that the FPS is capable of controlling the lateral–torsional motions of mass‐asymmetric structures quite effectively by aligning the centre of mass of the superstructure with the centre of pendular and frictional resistance of the isolation system. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
20.
<正>A theoretical model of a friction pendulum system(FPS) is introduced to examine its application for the seismic isolation of spatial lattice shell structures.An equation of motion of the lattice shell with FPS bearings is developed.Then, seismic isolation studies are performed for both double-layer and single-layer lattice shell structures under different seismic input and design parameters of the FPS.The influence of frictional coefficients and radius of the FPS on seismic performance are discussed.Based on the study,some suggestions for seismic isolation design of lattice shells with FPS bearings are given and conclusions are made which could be helpful in the application of FPS. 相似文献