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东海海域溶解氧垂直分布最大值的分析研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文讨论了１９８７年５～６月东海海域溶解氧垂直分布及其氧最大值分布特征。结果表明，春末在东海北部、中部的中层存在明显的溶解氧垂直分布最大值。氧最大值与冷水同存。本文对氧最大值及垂直结构与冷暖水入侵和温跃层关系进行了初步分析 相似文献
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本文利用1986～1987年大亚湾海洋生态零点调查水文气象观测资料,分析讨论了大亚湾秋季水温层化消退过程。结果表明,该层化消退过程出现在初秋,历时短暂且伴随湾内水体热含量增加。该过程与秋季季风转换期粤东沿岸海洋动力调整及其和大亚湾的相互作用密切相关,外海暖水入侵和层化消退是河口和近海沿岸水相互作用的结果。 相似文献
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大亚湾是粤东的一个山地溺谷湾,1987～1989年间我们采用锚碇AANDERAA自记仪器,在大亚湾近湾口处C_2、C_4两站(图1)分别进行了多层次逐时水温连续观测,两次记录了夏秋之交水温分层状态演变过程的时间序列,发现每年9月上、中旬大亚湾水温层化状态有一突变,从垂直分层过度到垂直均一状态,该过度过程历时短暂,仅数天时间。 相似文献
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本文利用大亚湾1987年与1989年海洋生态零点调查的资料,对该湾海水特征进行了分析。结果表明,冬季湾内存在着一个反气旋式环流的流动路径;夏季于不同年份该湾底层水向上涌升现的强弱有差异,南海沿岸底层水对大亚湾的入侵是明确的;春夏两季,局部气象条件对湾内的海水特征有明显影响。 相似文献
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通过分析大亚湾环境与资源的特征，研究了大亚湾北部经济开发区的污水集中排海的优选位置，结果表明大亚湾徘海位置应在靠近湾口东侧一带。同时指出，污水排海位置的优选与扩散器结构特征的研究同样重要。 相似文献
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根据大亚湾海洋生态零点调查获得的水温、海流、潮位和气象观测资料，分析了1987年8月间大亚湾对8708和8710号台风的综合响应。结果显示，台风期间除增水外，整个大亚湾的水文结构因台风的影响发生了显著变化。其主要特征表现为：湾内垂直环流改变，海水层化消失，以及总体水温升高。分析表明，台风作用下垂直环流的调整可能是造成台风过程中大亚湾层化消失、总体水温升高的重要因素，而陆地边界的存在显然改变了海洋对热带风暴的响应特征。 相似文献
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本文利用1988年大亚湾海洋生态零点调查水文气象观测资料,分析讨论了1988年秋季大亚湾水温层化的消退过程。结果表明,该层化消退过程与1987年秋季的类似,始于9月初,历时约10d。消退过程主要表现为夏季侵入湾内的下层外海冷水和伴随它形成的强温跃层向外海退却。消退过程结束后湾内水柱平均温度升高,热含量增加。综合两年的观测结果表明:该水温层化消退是大亚湾夏秋之交出现的一种规律性的季节现象,可能是季风转变时陆架环流动力调整作用于大亚湾的结果。 相似文献
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近海对台风的响应注记：I.大亚湾海况对8708和8710号台风的综合响应 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
根据大亚湾海洋生态零点调查获得的水温，海流，潮位和气象观测资料，分析了１９８７年８月间大亚湾地８７０８和８７１０号以风的综合响应。结果显示，台风期间除增水外，整个大亚湾的水文结构因台风的影响发生了显著变化。其主要特征表现为：湾内事过境垂直环入变，海水层化消失，以及总体水湿。析表明，台风作用下垂直环流的调整可能是造成台风过程中大亚湾层化消失，总体水温升高的重要因素，而陆地边界的存在显然改变了海洋对热 相似文献
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Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
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Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
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G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(11):161-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献