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1.
(极)年轻火山岩激光熔蚀40Ar/39Ar定年 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
对中国大量年轻或/和极年轻火山岩的定年实践研究表明,(极)年轻火山岩的激光熔蚀40Ar/39 Ar定年具有不同于第四纪以前喷发火山岩定年的显著特点.激光熔蚀40Ar/39Ar定年技术因为本底低、样品用量小以及与现代惰性气体同位素质谱设备在灵敏度、高精度方面的相一致,在年轻火山岩的定年中得到深入运用.借助激光在年轻或/和极年轻火山岩的40 Ar/39 Ar定年中,实践证明,样品形成时限越年轻(特别是相当于第四纪时期的样品),Nier值与样品中初始氩比值的偏离会引起K-Ar和40Ar/39 Ar表观年龄的偏差越大.对于小于0.2Ma的样品,Nier值与样品中初始氩比值的偏离对K-Ar和40Ar/39Ar表观年龄的偏差影响呈指数增长;当样品年龄相对较老(老于第四纪)时,Nier值和初始氩比值的偏离对K-Ar和40Ar/39 Ar表观年龄的影响较小.以40Ar/ArAr定年为出发点,定量给出界定年轻与极年轻火山岩的年龄:2～0.2Ma的火山岩界定为年轻火山岩,0.2Ma以来的火山岩称为极年轻火山岩.实验结果还证实,测定(极)年轻火山岩基质年龄时要尽量剔除非同源分馏的斑晶,以便去除斑晶可能带来的过剩氩影响;年轻火山岩样品的测年,应根据岩石结构和粒度特征选取合适的粒度,通常情况下,推荐0.2mm颗粒直径(60～80目)为理想粒径;年轻火山岩样品在快中子辐照后冷却放置时间不宜过长,否则造成37 Ar测不准,影响数据结果,带来较大偏差;激光40Ar/39Ar精细定年对标准样品的均一性有很高的要求,通过标定常用的国内外监测标样发现,标样SB-778-Bi,Bem4M,BT-1均一性很好,适合用作激光熔蚀40Ar/39Ar定年监测;测试数据的处理中,火山岩喷发后冷却结晶中同时形成的斑晶和基质的等时线处理能够帮助获得客观真实和精细的年龄结果.在此基础上,北京大学惰性气体同位素实验室建成了专用于(极)年轻火山岩精细定年的激光熔蚀40Ar/39Ar定年实验流程. 相似文献
2.
一种新的 K-Ar定年方法：峰值比较法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
K-Ar法定年技术经历了体积法和稀释法等不断趋于成熟，但对于年轻火山岩进行定年时，由于同位素质量分馏的影响，上述方法都具有不可克服的缺陷。随着质谱仪稳定度和精度的提高，直接建立氩同位素含量与峰强度之间的定量关系，从而不再使用稀释剂（ 38 Ar）成为可能，这就是 K-Ar定年的新方法：峰值比较法（或无稀释剂法）。该方法可以消除质量分馏作用带来的误差，对年轻火山岩定年具有重要意义。近代火山物质都含有初始氩，且有不同程度的质量分馏，其同位素比值落在质量分馏线上，这表明质量分馏作用影响 K-Ar定年的准确性，尤其是非常年轻的样品。通过精确测定样品的 38 Ar／ 36 Ar比值，可以准确扣除样品中的初始 40 Ar，从而得到放射成因 40 Ar含量。这种测量方法可以用于较老岩石、矿物样品的年龄测定，其结果与 K-Ar稀释法以及 40 Ar－ 39 Ar法相一致；更重要的是可以用于年轻样品的年龄测定，可以测 2～5ka的岩矿样品，对富钾矿物的测量误差小于 1ka；对老于 0．1Ma的样品，相对误差不大于 1．5％。介绍了峰值比较法的基本原理和测试过程，同时还讨论它的使用条件和定年范围。 相似文献
3.
雷州半岛第四纪火山岩激光40Ar/39Ar等时线定年研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
雷州半岛是我国新生代火山岩最重要的分布地区之一,火山活动主要集中在中晚更新世。前人对雷州火山岩的年代学研究以K-Ar法为主。研究表明,雷州火山岩测年结果大致分布在0.38～3.04Ma范围内。根据地层和火山岩层的叠置关系,雷州第四纪火山岩由于覆盖在被确定是1.87Ma和0.76Ma沉积的地层之上,故火山岩年龄应小于该地层年龄。K-Ar法定年结果与雷州地区地层叠置关系存在矛盾。本文通过对雷州半岛第四纪火山岩进行野外考察及采样,利用激光40Ar/39Ar年代学方法进行了精细定年。结果表明,雷州火山岩的喷发主要集中18万年前后。定年结果还表明,对于年轻样品,基于尼尔值计算的K-Ar年龄及40Ar/39Ar表观年龄偏老,等时线年龄相对较为可靠。对同一样品的斑晶、基质作斑晶-基质等时线计算,只有在斑晶基质满足同源条件时才有意义。本文首次提出,通过对比未照射样品的初始36Ar/38Ar值的均一性,以检验样品是否同源,确认斑晶-基质等时线年龄的可信度。据此,等时线的处理方法可以推广应用于特定区域内全部同源同时样品。 相似文献
4.
年轻火山岩的定年:进展与问题 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
年轻火山岩定年对人类的起源与进化、地质年表建立、古环境演化、火山灾害、岩浆演化及地球动力学等研究非常重要。由于年轻样品放射性成因子体积累较少、大气氩含量高,微量的过剩氩极难识别,使得年轻火山岩及其沉积地层高精度定年一直是地质年代学中最具挑战性的课题之一。过去几年,年轻火山岩定年在技术上的进展主要体现在定年精度和准确度不断提升,尤其是利用新型多接收稀有气体质谱对单颗粒样品进行逐步升温~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar定年,是方法学上最重要的进展之一。本文总结了年轻火山岩~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar定年的现状、影响因素和相关定年技术及应用,以引起大家的关注和思考,共同提高我国年轻火山岩定年的技术水平。利用新型多接收质谱和创新的实验方法,通过对全球重要火山喷发事件和年轻国际标准样的研究,广泛开展实验室间的对比是提高国内~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年代学水平并在年轻火山岩定年中取得突破的重要途径,也是当前~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年代学研究的重要方向。 相似文献
5.
琼北火山岩激光40Ar/39Ar定年研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
新生代以来,雷琼地区多次、大量地喷发了一系列火山岩。前人主要基于K-Ar法对此划分了期次。本文采用激光40Ar/39Ar年代学方法,对琼北火山岩区进行了精细定年研究。低本底激光40Ar/39Ar法能够对低钾含量,极少量样品(毫克级)进行精细测定,非常适合极年轻火山岩的定年工作。结果显示的火山岩激光40Ar/39Ar法高质量数据表明琼北火山喷发活动时限跨越1.3～0.052Ma。在比较了表观年龄与等时线年龄差异之后,本文给出了年龄推荐值。正如测试数据所显示,本地区新生代火山岩普遍存在40Ar和36Ar过剩的问题,此时只有等时线年龄才代表喷发的真实年龄。 相似文献
6.
D.C. Green 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(2):153-160
Abstract Conventional K-Ar geochronology and the 40Ar/39Ar method in which the ratio of radiogenic argon to postassium is determined by measurement of 39Ar produced by neutron irradiation are used to document the occurrence of the Upper Carboniferous Kanimblan Orogeny in the D'Aguilar Block and Beenleigh Block of southeastern Queensland. Incremental evolution of argon by the heating of an irradiated sample of Neranleigh-Fernvale argillite and 40Ar/39Ar measurements on two hornblendes from alaskite clasts in the Neranleigh-Fernvale Group suggest that part of this unit may be as young as Lower Carboniferous. 相似文献
7.
常规的K-Ar法是基于40K通过K-层电子捕获衰变成40Ar*这一机理,应用衰变定律而定年的。它具有测定对象广、测定年龄范围大等优点,是同位素地质定年的主要方法之一。但是,由于40Ar*是气体,当岩石、矿物形成以后受到搅动时(如岩浆的侵入、构造活动、宇宙物质的冲击等),40Ar*容易丢失,使年龄值偏低。1962年由Sigurgeirsson提出的,后经Merrihue、Turner等人逐步完善的40Ar-39Ar快中子活化定年技术,很好地克服了K-Ar法的局限性。40Ar-39Ar定年分为两种:一是全熔融法(total fusion),样品被快中子照射后一次加热熔融,然后计算年龄,此值与常规K-Ar法结果相当;另一种是阶段加热法(step-heating),被照射的样品从低温到高温被逐步加热,分别计算各温度阶段的40Ar/39Ar视年龄,并进而得到一条年龄谱和一个坪年龄(plateau age)。后一种方法对研究地质体是否受过热的挠动、岩石矿物的早期结晶年代、后期热挠动次数、热挠动年代、岩石矿物对氢的保存性、过剩氩的存在状态等具有独特作用,它开辟了同位素地质年代学的一个新领域。本文将着重介绍应用40Ar-39Ar阶段加热技术研究地球物质及陨石受热历史的某些成果。 相似文献
8.
9.
Conventional K-Ar ages of tholeiitic basalts of the Ferrar Group in the central Transantarctic Mountains indicate significant loss of radiogenic 40Ar from this unit over much of its outcrop area. Argon loss varies inversely with amount of devitrified matrix in the basalts, which have not been thermally or tectonically disturbed since extrusion. 40Ar/19Ar age-spectra of these tholeiites are generally discordant and indicate significant inhomogeneity in the distribution of radiogenic 40Ar with respect to 39Ar, but are distinctly different from release patterns of thermally disturbed samples. Amounts of argon redistribution vary directly with amounts of devitrification and are reflected in progressive modification of the age spectra. A model of redistribution of radiogenic 40Ar by devitrification of originally glassy matrix is suggested that is consistent with disturbance of the conventional K-Ar systematics as well as the 40Ar/39Ar age-spectra. Samples with substantial redistribution but minor loss of radiogenic argon yield age spectra whose apparent ages decrease from low-temperature to high-temperature steps, similar to those reported for some lunar basalts, breccias, and soils. Modification of all the age spectra is attributed to redistribution of radiogenic 40Ar during progressive devitrification, although 39Ar-recoil effects suggested by Turner and Cadogan (1974) may be a factor in some cases. Where devitrification involves most potassium sites within the basalt, 40Ar/39Ar age-plateaux may be formed that have no geologic significance. 相似文献
10.
福建东南沿海龙海—漳浦地区是新生代佛昙群玄武岩的分布区之一。对该区域火山岩而言,前人的研究主要集中在岩石地球化学特征、形成演化方面,对年代学研究较少,玄武岩喷发期次划分仍以20世纪80、90年代测定的K-Ar结果为依据,或通过下覆地层孢粉组合时代推断而来。为了更精确地测定该地区火山作用的时代及进一步确定其喷发期次,选取龙海—漳浦地区4个玄武岩样品,利用激光~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar测年方法进行精细定年。样品年龄为10.1～14.8Ma,明确了龙海-漳浦新生代玄武岩在中新世中晚期存在一次喷发期次。 相似文献
11.
K.A. Foland 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1979,43(6):793-801
Excess 40Ar in biotite from some relatively anhydrous charnockitic rocks in the Appalachian Piedmont indicates limited mobility of argon. Biotite from the Arden pluton of the granulite-facies Wilmington Complex apparently formed as a retrograde product at the expense of pyroxene and K-feldspar. Rb-Sr ages of biotite from all rocks are approximately 365 Myr. The same micas have apparent K-Ar ages which range from about 365–590 Myr, six of which clearly exceed the Sr isotope whole-rock date of 500 Myr. They contain variable amounts of excess40Ar incorporated during crystallization or recrystallization of biotite at about 365 Myr ago. None of the other minerals appears to contain significant amounts of excess argon. The K-Ar apparent ages show strong, positive correlation with whole-rock K concentrations. These relations yield a correlation between excess argon in the biotite phase and rock potassium. This suggests that excess 40Ar in biotite is of local derivation and is due to an imprint of the local argon activity. If the amount incorporated is roughly proportional to the prevailing argon partial pressure then substantial differences in pAr existed. Argon did not have a uniform chemical potential over large rock volumes. Analysis of closely spaced samples suggests different argon activity over the scale of less than 10m. This implies restricted transport of Ar and is probably due to very low effective permeability of the anhydrous assemblages. 相似文献
12.
Marvin A. Lanphere 《Quaternary Research》2000,53(3):294
K–Ar and 40Ar/39Ar ages have been measured on nine mafic volcanic rocks younger than 1 myr from the Snake River Plain (Idaho), Mount Adams (Washington), and Crater Lake (Oregon). The K–Ar ages were calculated from Ar measurements made by isotope dilution and K2O measurements by flame photometry. The 40Ar/39Ar ages are incremental-heating experiments using a low-blank resistance-heated furnace. The results indicate that high-quality ages can be measured on young, mafic volcanic rocks using either the K–Ar or the 40Ar/39Ar technique. The precision of an 40Ar/39Ar plateau age generally is better than the precision of a K–Ar age because the plateau age is calculated by pooling the ages of several gas increments. The precision of a plateau age generally is better than the precision of an isotope correlation (isochron) age for the same sample. For one sample the intercept of the isochron yielded an 40Ar/36Ar value significantly different from the atmospheric value of 295.5. Recalculation of increment ages using the isochron intercept for the composition of nonradiogenic Ar in the sample resulted in much better agreement of ages for this sample. The results of this study also indicate that, given suitable material and modern equipment, precise K–Ar and 40Ar/39Ar ages can be measured on volcanic rocks as young as the latest Pleistocene, and perhaps even the Holocene. 相似文献
13.
钾长石K—Ar定年若干问题的讨论 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
现有的测试数据反映,钾长石在K—Ar定年中存在很多问题,最常见的情况是年龄值偏年轻,有时也出现比共存矿物年龄偏老的情况。钾长石在实验过程中不完全释氩是造成年龄值偏年轻的原因之一,对此前人已经提出几个解决方案,但在实际应用中都不够完善。钾长石的封闭温度低（130～150℃）是放射成因氩丢失的最主要因素,个别情况下也出现捕获围岩中的放射成因氩,从而出现过剩氩。低温钾长石（如冰长石）的氩保存能力和结构有关系,通常情况下随着三斜度的升高所保存的放射成因氩会相应减少。不同地质环境中产出的钾长石在K—Ar定年中适用性有所不同,侵入岩中的钾长石（微斜长石和条纹长石等）不适合于K—Ar定年,而喷出岩中的钾长石（透长石和歪长石等）是非常好的定年矿物;低温钾长石可有条件应用 相似文献
14.
Gilbert N. Hanson Kathleen R. Simmons A.E. Bence 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1975,39(9):1269-1278
Biotite, hornblende and muscovite from 2700 m.y. old rocks in northeastern Minnesota near the contact of the 1150 m.y. Duluth Complex have been analyzed by 40Ar/39Ar technique to determine whether spectrum ages can be used to distinguish partial loss of radiogenic argon due to a reheating event. Biotite and hornblende give plateau ages comparable to the ordinary K-Ar ages for all samples including those with intermediate ages. Muscovite gives plateau ages for the samples with less than 11% argon loss. An intermediate muscovite with a conventional K-Ar age of 1850 m.y. gives progressively older 40Ar/39Ar ages for higher temperature fractions.Microprobe analysis reveals no systematic correlation between biotite chemistry and loss of argon in the contact zone. This suggests that the rate-controlling process for the loss of argon from biotite in the contact zone may be volume diffusion or recrystallization without a measurable change in major element composition. Biotites with intermediate ages give plateaus because the rate-controlling processes in the vacuum furnace are related to dehydroxylation and delamination and are unrelated to the process causing loss of argon in the contact zone.The data for the muscovites are not easily interpreted, in part because of the limited number of samples. The hornblende data show a correlation between argon loss and change in major element composition suggesting that recrystallization may be a rate-controlling process for the loss of argon from hornblende in the contact zone. The small number of samples precludes a definitive statement. 相似文献
15.
David Seidemann 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1978,42(11):1721-1734
An attempt to date deep-sea igneous rocks reliably was made using the 40Ar/39Ar dating technique. It was determined that the 40Ar/39Ar incremental release technique could not be used to eliminate the effects of excess radiogenic 40Ar in deep-sea basalts. Excess 40Ar is released throughout the extraction temperature range and cannot be distinguished from 40Ar generated by 40K decay. The problem of the reduction of K-Ar dates associated with sea water alteration of deep-sea igneous rocks could not be resolved using the 40Ar/39Ar technique. Irradiation induced 39Ar loss and/or redistribution in fine-grained and altered igneous rocks results in age spectra that are artifacts of the experimental procedure and only partly reflect the geologic history of the sample. Therefore, caution must be used in attributing significance to age spectra of fine grained and altered deep-sea igneous rocks. Effects of 39Ar recoil are not important for either medium-grained (or coarser) deep-sea rocks or glasses because only a small fraction of the 39Ar recoils to channels of easy diffusion, such as intergranular boundaries or cracks, during the irradiation. 相似文献
16.
Paleomagnetism and 40Ar/39Ar-dating of Late Mesozoic volcanic pipes of Minusinsk depression (Russia)
《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part A: Solid Earth and Geodesy》1999,24(6):545-549
Volcanic pipes with K-Ar ages 65-49 Ma (Zubkov et.al., 1989) are widespread in the Minusinsk depression. We present the results of the first paleomagnetic investigation on four volcanic pipes (42 samples), accompanied by 40Ar/39Ar dating. All four pipes yield a high temperature ChRM component of reversed polarity with mean direction D = 178.8, I = −62, n = 33, k = 160.7. a95 = 7.3. However, some samples from the Bele pipe demonstrate another direction (D = 244.3, I = −58.2, n = 4, k = 407.4, a95 = 4.6). 40Ar/39Ar method gave plateau ages of pipes ranging from 74 to 81 Ma. These results cast some doubt on previous K-Ar dating. The paleomagnetic poles corresponding to both directions of magnetization are statistically different from the APWP of Eurasia given by Besse and Courtillot (1991). Paleomagnetic poles from basaltic rocks of the near-Baikal region (Khramov, 1984) are consistent with the first direction identified from Minusinsk depression, but again are different from the APWP of Eurasia. These data, therefore, call into question the validity of the Eurasian APWP to Northern Asia. 相似文献
17.
Douglas G. Brookins Joseph K. Register Harold W. Krueger 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1980,44(5):635-637
Polyhalite, K2Ca2Mg (SO4)4-2H2O, is an important mineral in many evaporites. Although its use for K-Ar dating has never been investigated, our results indicate that it is a very useful mineral for dating events ranging from the time of potash mineralization to any younger events which may have affected the evaporite. Five K-Ar dates on pure polyhalite, including two from included material and from beds distorted by the formation of a rubble chimney, yield dates between 198 and 216 Myp, in good agreement with Rb-Sr dates and the diagenetic age of the potash deposits from the same rocks. Two polyhalites mixed with sylvite gave lower dates (154 and 174 Myr) which is to be expected because of radiogenic 40Ar loss from the sylvite phase. One polyhalite, formed after the intrusion of a 31 Myr lamprophyre dike, yielded 21 Myr. Collectively our results indicate that pure polyhalite is satisfactory for K-Ar dating and may provide critical age information in studies of the geologic history of the evaporite sequences. 相似文献
18.
P. L. Tikhomirov V. V. Akinin V. O. Ispolatov P. Alexander I. Yu. Cherepanova V. V. Zagoskin 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2006,14(5):524-537
Current geochronological data on the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt (OCVB) and relevant problems are discussed. The belt evolution is suggested to be modeled based on 40Ar/39Ar and U-Pb dates more useful in several aspects than common K-Ar or Rb-Sr dates and methods of paleobotanical correlation. Based on new 40Ar/39Ar and U-Pb dates obtained for volcanic rocks in the OCVB northern part, the younger (Coniacian) age is established for lower stratigraphic units in the Central Chukotka segment of the belt, and the eastward migration of volcanic activity is shown for terminal stages of this structure evolution. 相似文献
19.
D. S. Yudin A. A. Tomilenko T. A. Alifirova A. V. Travin N. G. Murzintsev N. P. Pokhilenko 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2016,469(1):728-731
40Ar/39Ar dating of phlogopite from kelyphitic rims around garnet grains from the Udachnaya–Vostochnaya kimberlite pipe in the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic (Russia) revealed that when this mineral has contact with a kimberlite melt its age corresponds (within error limits) to that of the formation of the kimberlite pipe, thus indicating that the method may be used for dating kimberlites and related rocks. In mantle xenoliths, kelyphitic phlogopites rimming garnet grains partially lose radiogenic Ar, which results in a complex age spectrum. Rejuvenation of the K/Ar system in them is determined by the thermal impact of the kimberlite melt on captured rocks. 相似文献
20.
本文提供了11条不同成因、不同时代岩石和矿物的40Ar/36Ar-40K/36Ar等时线,其中3条是新近测定的,另8条是对以前常规K-Ar定年资料的重新处理。测定对象包括年轻火山岩、花岗岩、矿脉及古老岩系中的铁镁质岩墙。测定的时间跨度从第四纪到前寒武纪。研究证明,K-Ar等时线定年既具有常规定年测定对象广泛、可测时间跨度大的优点,又能避免常规法的缺陷,可获得更可信的年龄和更多的有用信息。但是负截距的形成及其所代表的地质意义尚有待深入研究。 相似文献