共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 625 毫秒
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"主从相关器"结构的接收机常被用来监测C/A码相关函数相关峰的形变,但受制于相关器数量的影响,在GPS卫星低仰角时,监测器并不能及早地发现信号形变,针对这一问题,该文在"主从相关器"结构的接收机基础上,采用了虚拟相关对技术,通过已知的3组相关对(一组"主相关对",两组"从相关对")和Prompt相关器输出,以码片间距为自变量,采用最小二乘的方法,拟合相关器相关值输出三次曲线。拟合曲线上的点作为构建的虚拟相关对输出,它们与已知相关器的输出一起进入之后的相关函数相关峰性形变监测部分处理。采用此种方法,不仅不会遗漏传统算法用到的待测量,而且能扩大待测量的样本空间。同时,该方法不会因为加入新的待测量产生误测。通过仿真发现,在使用3组相关对和Prompt相关器,且GPS卫星仰角较低时,该算法比传统算法更早监测到C/A码形变。 相似文献
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介绍了一种基于平均相关器的GPS信号快速捕获算法，通过VHDL语言描述在FPGA上实现了该算法。平均相关器是一种将输入的5000点GPS样本信号平均化为1024点样本，然后通过FFT方法实现GPS信号快速捕获的基带相关器。这种相关器可以一步搜索到所有可能的码相位偏移，大大提高了捕获速度，比较好地满足了实时处理的要求。 相似文献
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采用窄相关技术和双△相关技术,对BPSK（1）信号和BOC（1,1）信号在不同预相关带宽和不同相关器间隔时的平均加权多径误差包络进行了仿真,提取了多径误差典型值。结果表明,随着相关器间隔的减小,多径误差逐渐减小,但当相关器间隔为0.1个码片时,多径误差的减小已不明显;多径误差并不是随着预相关带宽的增大一直减小,而是有一... 相似文献
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针对对导航信号信息传输速率有更高要求的信号,如精密定位信号,提出二进制相移键控-码移键控(BPSK-CSK)联合调制方法,以解决传统的码移键控(CSK)调制信号在接收端对相关器资源需求量大、解调计算复杂度高的问题. 本文方法将分组调制的电文再分为极性位与码相位,使得接收端由原本通过相关求和进行解调,转变为通过较少相关求和运算与子码匹配两步完成电文解调,减少了接收机解调电文所需相关器的数量并降低参与运算的数据量级. 所提方法在极性位数为1或2时,与传统CSK相比,可以实现在电文解调误比特性能损耗可忽略不计的情况下,计算复杂度降低为原来的50%或25%. 当极性位数大于2时,该方法以解调性能为代价降低计算复杂度,但此时结合信道编码,BPSK-CSK仍可实现等计算复杂度下的误比特率降低. 相似文献
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从多路径信号对码跟踪精度的影响入手,得出在多路径干扰下,用窄相关器可以部分修正多路径对码环的跟踪误差。微脉冲相关技术与宽的标准相关器和窄相关器在伪距测量精度上相比是一种性能非常好的抗多路径技术。 相似文献
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D1导航电文中加入了NH码,且D2导航电文的速率也比GPS信号的快很多,使得BDS的信号结构增加了捕获难度。采用伪码补零的方法可以对BDS信号进行有效捕获,但是该方法积分时间较长导致捕获耗时变长。本文提出了一种基于圆周移位的改进伪码补零算法,将搜索中复杂的载波剥离运算用计算量很小的频谱序列的搬移操作来代替,使算法复杂度大幅下降。试验结果表明,该方法可以有效减少运算量和捕获耗时。 相似文献
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提高GNSS信号捕获速度从而减少定位时间,是目前GNSS信号处理研究热点之一。短时傅里叶变换是一种通过设立窗口函数与采样信号相乘从而提高捕获速度的方法。为了提高GNSS信号捕获速度,利用短时傅里叶算法对GNSS信号捕获的算法进行了改进。实验中选取了不同的窗口函数对GNSS信号峰值以及处理速度的变化进行了分析。在其码相位和频率基本不变的情况下,得到了在峰值变化较小时,短时傅里叶变换能有效提高其捕获速度的结论。 相似文献
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针对短突发信号捕获计算复杂度高的问题，提出了一种基于复杂度和性能联合优化的卫星导航信号捕获方法，推导分析采用并行频率搜索的分段相关-视频积累捕获算法的捕获性能和计算复杂度构建联合捕获优化因子.对不同频率搜索间隔、不同接收机灵敏度和不同相关器个数三种情况分别进行了优化设计，得到其计算复杂度和捕获性能联合最优的分段数，并与传统单一捕获性能优化方法对比，仿真实验结果表明：该设计值与载噪比(CNR)、频率搜索间隔等因素相关，可以有效控制捕获算法的计算复杂度；在输入CNR为45 dB-Hz、相关器个数为8、多普勒搜索间隔为2 000 Hz的情况下，相比于传统捕获优化方法，可降低21.2%的计算复杂度. 相似文献
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Freeman链码优先级直线提取算法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对目前直线提取算法的局限性,提出了一种简单高效的提取图像中目标物体直线边界的算法。本算法基于链码思想和数字直线特征,首先对图像进行边缘检测,对边缘检测后的图像按照优先级进行链码跟踪,获取初始链码;然后通过距离约束提高链码的直线性,剔除噪声和细节;最后进行直线合并,完成直线提取。实验表明,本文提出的算法能高效、准确地检测出图像中物体边界的直线,特别对较大的影像计算量小,抗噪能力强,适用于实时处理。 相似文献
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景观格局是研究景观功能和动态的基础。景观指数分析在土地利用/土地覆盖、生态系统服务、森林监控、城市蔓生以及生物多样性等方面应用广泛。现有许多景观指数之间存在不同程度的相关性,不仅导致信息冗余,还将影响结果解译的清晰性和准确性。同时,已有研究主要针对栅格数据,针对矢量数据的景观指数分析研究较少。为解决上述问题,以广州市土地利用景观格局为例,在矢量数据格式下计算了44个常用的景观指数,并运用相关分析和因子分析相结合的多元统计分析法,提取了6个核心景观指数,这些指数描述了广州市土地利用景观格局的6个维度:景观破碎度、平均斑块面积、平均形状复杂度、空间分散度、形状复杂度差异和土地类型的相似性。 相似文献
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针对传统模糊聚类分割算法无法克服合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar, SAR)图像中固有的斑点噪声问题, 提出了一种利用可变形状参数Gamma分布和邻域相关性的模糊聚类分割算法。可变形状参数Gamma分布用于建模多视SAR强度图像的斑点噪声, 并以其负对数作为特征场中像素与聚类间强度的相似性测度模型; 通过马尔可夫随机场(Markov random field, MRF)建立标号场中邻域像素的类属相关性模型; 在模糊聚类框架下, 以上述模型为基础构建模糊目标函数; 在目标函数最小化准则下, 求解最优结果。实验表明, 可变形状参数Gamma分布能够更加准确地拟合同质区域内像素强度的统计直方图。为有效求解包涵在Gamma函数内的形状参数, 采用牛顿迭代算法估计其数值解。对合成和真实多视SAR图像分别进行分割实验, 定性、定量分析的结果验证了本文算法的有效性。 相似文献
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In this article we analyze the response of Time-of-Flight (ToF) cameras (active sensors) for close range imaging under three different illumination conditions and compare the results with stereo vision (passive) sensors. ToF cameras are sensitive to ambient light and have low resolution but deliver high frame rate accurate depth data under suitable conditions. We introduce metrics for performance evaluation over a small region of interest. Based on these metrics, we analyze and compare depth imaging of leaf under indoor (room) and outdoor (shadow and sunlight) conditions by varying exposure times of the sensors. Performance of three different ToF cameras (PMD CamBoard, PMD CamCube and SwissRanger SR4000) is compared against selected stereo-correspondence algorithms (local correlation and graph cuts). PMD CamCube has better cancelation of sunlight, followed by CamBoard, while SwissRanger SR4000 performs poorly under sunlight. Stereo vision is comparatively more robust to ambient illumination and provides high resolution depth data but is constrained by texture of the object along with computational efficiency. Graph cut based stereo correspondence algorithm can better retrieve the shape of the leaves but is computationally much more expensive as compared to local correlation. Finally, we propose a method to increase the dynamic range of ToF cameras for a scene involving both shadow and sunlight exposures at the same time by taking advantage of camera flags (PMD) or confidence matrix (SwissRanger). 相似文献
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大规模地形实时绘制的算法研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
许妙忠 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2005,30(5):392-395
讨论了地形模型的多分辨率表示机制、节点评价函数、动态简化算法、裂缝的解决方法、三角网快速构建等地形可视化中的关键问题。实验结果表明，本文提出的算法实时、高效，可以满足大规模地形可视化要求。 相似文献
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Implications of Weighting Metrics for Line Generalization with Visvalingam's Algorithm 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Visvalingam's algorithm was designed for caricatural line generalization. A distinction must be made between the algorithm and its operational definition, which includes the metric used to drive it. When the algorithm was first introduced, it was demonstrated using the concept of the effective area of triangles. It was noted that alternative metrics could be used and that the metrics could be weighted, for example to take account of shape.Ordnance Survey (Great Britain) and others are using Visvalingam's algorithm for generalizing coastlines and other natural features, with complex parameter-driven functions to weight the original metric. This paper shows how free software and data were used to scrutinize the implications of one of Matthew Bloch's simple and transparent weighting functions. The results look promising, when compared with manually produced mid and small-scale maps; and encourage further research focussed on weighting functions and related topics, such as self-intersection of lines and model-based generalization. The paper discusses why weights were used in some projects. It comments on their range of applicability and reiterates the original guidance provided for the use of weights. It also demonstrates how weights can undermine the algorithm's capacity to draw caricatures with very few points. The paper provides sufficient background and links to the authors’ test data and to open source software for the benefit of others wishing to undertake research in line generalization using Visvalingam's algorithm. 相似文献
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基于倾斜摄影测量的三维建模已成为城市级实景三维建设的发展趋势。在城市三维模型中,由于植被表面不平整,需要用大量的三角面来刻画,但这并不是实景三维数据记录和表达的重点,并且大量的数据会给模型展示和应用带来很大的困难。因此,本文提出了一种顾及地物类别的倾斜摄影三维模型简化方法。首先,计算三维模型的纹理信息和几何信息,结合马尔可夫随机场(MRF)顾及空间一致性的优点提取植被;然后,采用二次误差测度(QEM)算法简化特定的植被区域;最后,对简化后的白膜模型进行纹理重映射。试验结果表明,本文方法能够准确提取并有效简化植被区域,纹理重映射的结果在外观上也与原始模型相差无几,取得了预期的良好效果。 相似文献
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Sudhir Kumar Singh Szilárd Szabó George P. Petropoulos Manika Gupta Tanvir Islam 《国际地球制图》2017,32(2):113-127
Analysis of Earth observation (EO) data, often combined with geographical information systems (GIS), allows monitoring of land cover dynamics over different ecosystems, including protected or conservation sites. The aim of this study is to use contemporary technologies such as EO and GIS in synergy with fragmentation analysis, to quantify the changes in the landscape of the Rajaji National Park (RNP) during the period of 19 years (1990–2009). Several statistics such as principal component analysis (PCA) and spatial metrics are used to understand the results. PCA analysis has produced two principal components (PC) and explained 84.1% of the total variance, first component (PC1) accounted for the 57.8% of the total variance while the second component (PC2) has accounted for the 26.3% of the total variance calculated from the core area metrics, distance metrics and shape metrics. Our results suggested that notable changes happened in the RNP landscape, evidencing the requirement of taking appropriate measures to conserve this natural ecosystem. 相似文献
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Landscape patterns in a region have different sizes, shapes and spatial arrangements, which contribute to the spatial heterogeneity of the landscape and are linked to the distinct behavior of thermal environments. There is a lack of research generating landscape metrics from discretized percent impervious surface area data (ISA), which can be used as an indicator of urban spatial structure and level of development, and quantitatively characterizing the spatial patterns of landscapes and land surface temperatures (LST). In this study, linear spectral mixture analysis (LSMA) is used to derive sub-pixel ISA. Continuous fractional cover thresholds are used to discretize percent ISA into different categories related to urban land cover patterns. Landscape metrics are calculated based on different ISA categories and used to quantify urban landscape patterns and LST configurations. The characteristics of LST and percent ISA are quantified by landscape metrics such as indices of patch density, aggregation, connectedness, shape and shape complexity. The urban thermal intensity is also analyzed based on percent ISA. The results indicate that landscape metrics are sensitive to the variation of pixel values of fractional ISA, and the integration of LST, LSMA. Landscape metrics provide a quantitative method for describing the spatial distribution and seasonal variation in urban thermal patterns in response to associated urban land cover patterns. 相似文献
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为了掌握地质灾害深部位移的变形规律,使用阵列式位移传感系统（SAA）对地质灾害不稳定体进行深部位移动态监测,并同时安装了测斜仪以进行比较分析。通过建立地质本构模型和进行"降雨-变形"模型分析,优化设计了监测线和监测点位。试验结果表明：在地质灾害监测中,使用阵列式位移传感系统进行滑坡体深部位移的监测,不仅能够实时监测到滑坡体深部位移的变形情况,还能判断出滑移面具体位置。相比于测斜仪监测,阵列式位移传感系统测量准确度更高,在滑坡地质灾害监测中有更好的应用范围和前景。 相似文献