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1.
黔东南地区震旦系—二叠系海相优质烃源层的时空分布 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
黔东南典型古油气藏的精细解剖对黔中隆起周缘乃至南方海相油气勘探研究具有重要意义。研究表明,在早寒武世初期、晚泥盆世早期和二叠纪,本地区均发育优质烃源岩,其中以下寒武统盆地相、斜坡相的黑色页岩发育最好,有机质丰度高(TOC普遍大于2%),类型好(偏腐殖型),厚度大,是麻江古油藏及凯里残余油气藏的主力烃源岩;早二叠世盆地相和澙湖相中发育的优质烃源岩与本层位中的沥青具亲缘关系,显示自生自储的特点。二叠纪烃源岩对黔中隆起及其周缘地区油气成藏具有重要作用。本地区缺乏扬子地区广泛发育的上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组底部那套优质烃源岩。 相似文献
2.
在中国元古宙—古生代海相沉积体系中,碳酸盐岩是最主要的沉积岩类型,长期以来研究的重点也一直是碳酸盐岩,对海相泥岩/页岩的关注比较少,并且认为碳酸盐岩是海相沉积盆地中主要的烃源岩。对中国南方上、中、下扬子地区、滇黔桂地区、塔里木盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地、华北地区等147条剖面、289口探井及浅井约11200余个样品有机碳含量的分析与统计表明,泥岩/页岩有机质丰度高,是中国元古宙—古生代海相沉积盆地中主要的烃源岩类型,而碳酸盐岩有机质丰度普遍较低,仅仅是次要的烃源岩类型。海相碳酸盐岩中有机质的含量与碳酸盐含量呈现弱的负相关性,泥质输入有利于形成高有机质丰度的碳酸盐岩烃源岩,但并不是高有机质丰度碳酸盐岩烃源岩发育的必要条件,决定碳酸盐岩烃源岩有机质丰度的主要因素是有机质的生产率、有机质的沉积与保存环境。中国元古宙—古生代海相沉积盆地中并不缺乏高有机质丰度泥岩/页岩类好烃源岩,上、中、下扬子地区主要发育于上震旦统陡山沱组、下寒武统、上奥陶统—下志留统、上二叠统;华南地区主要发育于中、下泥盆统;塔里木盆地主要发育于下寒武统、下奥陶统及中上奥陶统;华北地区为中新元古界洪水庄组、下马岭组。泥灰岩类碳酸盐岩烃源岩在塔里木盆地相对比较发育,在中国南方地区只有下二叠统相对发育。 相似文献
3.
Chunfang Cai Kaikai Li Ma Anlai Chunming Zhang Zhiming Xu Richard H. Worden Guanhui Wu Baoshou Zhang Lixin Chen 《Organic Geochemistry》2009,40(7):755-768
The reported source rocks for the abundant petroleum in the Tarim Basin, China range from Cambrian to Lower Ordovician and/or Upper Ordovician in age. However, the difference between the two groups of source rocks is not well characterized. In this study, pyrite was removed from eleven mature to over mature kerogen samples from source rocks using the method of CrCl2 reduction and grinding. The kerogen and coexisting pyrite samples were then analyzed for δ34S values. Results show that the kerogen samples from the Cambrian have δ34S values between +10.4‰ and +19.4‰. The values are significantly higher than those from the Lower Ordovician kerogen (δ34S of between +6.7‰ and +8.7‰), which in turn are generally higher than from the Upper Ordovician kerogen samples (δ34S of between ?15.3 and +6.8‰). The associated pyrite shows a similar trend but with much lower δ34S values. This stratigraphically controlled sulfur isotope variation parallels the evolving contemporary marine sulfate and dated oil δ34S values from other basins, suggesting that seawater sulfate and source rock age have an important influence on kerogen and pyrite δ34S values. The relatively high δ34S values in the Cambrian to Lower Ordovician source rocks are associated with abundant aryl isoprenoids, gammacerane and C35 homohopanes in the extractable organic matter, indicating that these source rocks were deposited in a bottom water euxinic environment with water stratification. Compared with the Upper Ordovician, the Cambrian to Lower Ordovician source rocks show abundance in C28 20R sterane, C23 tricyclic terpanes, 4,23,24-trimethyl triaromatic dinosteroids and depletion in C24 tetracyclic terpane, C29 hopane. Thus, δ34S values and biomarkers of source rock organic matter can be used for distinguishing the Cambrian and Upper Ordovician source rocks in the Tarim Basin. 相似文献
4.
海南岛南渡江中游一带浅变质岩系的划分及时代归属 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
<正> 海南岛南渡江中游一带(包括白沙、儋县琼中、澄迈、屯昌等县的交界部位)发育着一套浅变质岩系(图1),主要由板岩、千枚岩、变质粉砂岩、变质砾岩组成,偶夹结晶灰岩和大理岩,属低绿片岩相产物。由于这套浅变质岩系和研究铁、磷、钨、锡、铌、鉏、贵金属等矿产的成矿规律以及探讨海南岛的大地构造性质有密切关系,历来为地质界所瞩目;但对其划 相似文献
5.
In northwest Argentina, weakly metamorphic clastic and calcareous sedimentary rocks of latest Precambrian to Lower Cambrian age (Puncoviscana Formation and related units) contain an abundant ichnofauna of both chronostratigraphic and paleoenvironmental value. In the western and central Sierras Pampeanas, metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks are considered to form part of the same geotectonic unit. This “Pampean orogenic cycle” includes geosynclinal sedimentation of latest Precambrian to Lower Cambrian age, as well as magmatism, metamorphism and deformation of Middle to Upper Cambrian age, documented by an angular unconformity below the Upper Cambrian to Devonian rocks of the “Famatinian orogenic cycle”. In some of the metamorphic rocks of the Pampean Cycle a pre-Ordovician folding is also distinguished from a later tectonic overprinting. Hence, the concept of a Pampean cycle differs from other concepts of late Precambrian orogenic cycles of South America which are only defined by radiometric ages. The Pampean orogenesis may be compared with the Ross orogenesis of the Transantarctic Mts., the Tyennan orogenesis of Australia and some of the deformation phases of the Damara orogen in Namibia. 相似文献
6.
地球内部物质物性的原位高温高压研究：大体积压机与同步辐射源的结合 总被引：77，自引：2，他引：77
四川盆地是一个大型复合含气为主、含油为辅的叠合盆地。多旋回的沉积演化过程,孕育了多套海相、陆相烃源岩,且不同区域发育不同成因类型的烃源岩。目前下寒武统、志留系、下二叠统、上二叠统和上三叠统五套主要烃源岩均已进入高演化阶段,并以成气为主。由于多阶成烃、混源聚集和后期遭受TSR次生蚀变等成藏过程的复杂性使得天然气组分较干、碳同位素组成复杂,常规方法进行气源对比较困难。文中在对四川盆地沉积演化背景分析的基础上,通过对有效烃源岩发育特征和分布规律的探讨,分区域进行了气藏的分析,特别是对天然气组分、非烃组成(H2S、CO2、N2等)和碳同位素等资料综合研究的基础上,基本确定了各区块各含气层系的主力源岩。认为川东主力产层石炭系、三叠系和二叠系的气源分别为志留系、上二叠统龙潭组和下二叠统;川南气区震旦系灯影组、寒武系、二叠系和三叠系产层的气源分别主要来自下寒武统,上、下二叠系源岩;川西气区侏罗系和三叠系须家河组主产层的气源主要来自三叠系须家河组煤系烃源岩,下二叠统和嘉陵江组产层气源则可能主要来自二叠系;川中主要为产油区,下侏罗统自流井群原油应来自侏罗系源岩,浅部层系气源为上三叠统须家河组的陆相烃源岩,深部气藏则为寒武系烃源岩。由于川东北部烃源岩发育层数最多,且质量都较好,因此川东北部是烃类最富集的地区,也是勘探潜力最大的地区。 相似文献
7.
黔中隆起及其周缘地区下古生界油气勘探前景与方向 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
黔中隆起位于上扬子板块东南缘,经历了前震旦纪基底形成、早震旦世裂谷、晚震旦世—志留纪被动大陆边缘、泥盆纪—中三叠世陆内裂谷与克拉通盆地和晚三叠世—第三纪陆内盆地5大演化阶段。该区具有较好的成油气地质条件;发育上震旦统陡山沱组泥页岩和下寒武统牛蹄塘组泥页岩两套区域烃源岩及下奥陶统湄潭组和下志留统龙马溪组局部泥页岩烃源岩,具有很强的生烃潜力;发育上震旦统灯影组白云岩、寒武系金顶山组碎屑岩、高台组—娄山关组碳酸盐岩和下奥陶统—下志留统储层;而牛蹄塘组泥岩和娄山关组膏盐白云岩与上二叠统龙潭组含煤泥岩是该区区域性盖层,湄潭组、龙马溪组为局部盖层;该区保存条件复杂,燕山、喜山构造运动对早期油气藏的改造和破坏较大,是该区油气成藏的主要控制因素,也是该区油气勘探的主要风险所在。研究认为该区油气勘探潜力较大,而安顺凹陷、三塘—百兴凹陷和黔西凹陷整体油气保存条件较好,为最有利天然气勘探区带。 相似文献
8.
江汉盆地海相探区中寒武统盐下层勘探潜力浅析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
江汉海相探区内中寒武统覃家庙组膏盐岩盐下层系中发育有两套良好的生储盖组合.对盐下层系生、储、盖特点和分布规律的分析表明,上震旦统陡山沱组及下寒武统水井沱组发育页岩烃源岩,上震旦统灯影组碳酸盐岩和下寒武统石龙洞组碳酸盐岩有良好的储集条件,而覃家庙组的膏盐岩和下寒武统石牌组-天河组泥质岩又为盐下的油气聚集提供了区域性盖层条... 相似文献
9.
The Northern, Central, and Southern zones are distinguished by stratigraphic, lithologic, and structural features. The Northern Zone is characterized by Upper Silurian–Lower Devonian sedimentary rocks, which are not known in other zones. They have been deformed into near-meridional folds, which formed under settings of near-latitudinal shortening during the Ellesmere phase of deformation. In the Central Zone, mafic and felsic volcanic rocks that had been earlier referred to Carboniferous are actually Neoproterozoic and probably Early Cambrian in age. Together with folded Devonian–Lower Carboniferous rocks, they make up basement of the Central Zone, which is overlain with a angular unconformity by slightly deformed Lower (?) and Middle Carboniferous–Permian rocks. The Southern Zone comprises the Neoproterozoic metamorphic basement and the Devonian–Triassic sedimentary cover. North-vergent fold–thrust structures were formed at the end of the Early Cretaceous during the Chukchi (Late Kimmerian) deformation phase. 相似文献
10.
Source Rocks for the Giant Puguang Gas Field,Sichuan Basin:Implication for Petroleum Exploration in Marine Sequences in South China 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
ZOU Huayao HAO Fang ZHU Yangming GUO Tonglou CAI Xunyu LI Pingping ZHANG Xuefeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(3):477-486
Detailed geochemistry studies were conducted to investigate the origin of solid bitumens and hydrocarbon gases in the giant Puguang gas field. Two types of solid bitumens were recognized： low sulfur content, low reflectance （LSLR） solid bitumens in sandstone reservoirs in the Xujiahe Formation and high sulfur content, high reflectance （HSHR） solid bitumens in the carbonate reservoirs in the Lower Triassic Feixianguan and Upper Permian Changxing formations. Solid bitumens in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation correlate well with extracts from the Upper Triassic to Jurassic nonmarine source rocks in isotopic composition of the saturated and aromatic fractions and biomarker distribution. Solid bitumens in the Feixianguan and Changxing formations are distinctly different from extracts from the Cambrian and Silurian rocks but display reasonable correlation with extracts from the Upper Permian source rocks both in isotopic composition of the saturated and aromatic fractions and in biomarker distribution, suggesting that the Permian especially the Upper Permian Longtan Formation was the main source of solid bitumens in the carbonate reservoirs in the Feixianguan and Changxing formations in the Puguang gas field. Chemical and isotopic composition of natural gases indicates that the majority of hydrocarbon gases originated from sapropelic organic matter and was the products of thermal cracking of accumulated oils. This study indicates that source rock dominated by sapropelic organic matter existed in the Upper Permian and had made major contribution to the giant Puguang gas field, which has important implication for petroleum exploration in marine sequences in South China. 相似文献
11.
ZOU Huayao HAO Fang ZHU Yangming GUO Tonglou CAI Xunyu LI Pingping ZHANG Xuefeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(3)
Detailed geochemistry studies were conducted to investigate the origin of solid bitumens and hydrocarbon gases in the giant Puguang gas field. Two types of solid bitumens were recognized: low sulfur content, low reflectance (LSLR) solid bitumens in sandstone reservoirs in the Xujiahe Formation and high sulfur content, high reflectance (HSHR) solid bitumens in the carbonate reservoirs in the Lower Triassic Feixianguan and Upper Permian Changxing formations. Solid bitumens in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation correlate well with extracts from the Upper Triassic to Jurassic nonmarine source rocks in isotopic composition of the saturated and aromatic fractions and biomarker distribution. Solid bitumens in the Feixianguan and Changxing formations are distinctly different from extracts from the Cambrian and Silurian rocks but display reasonable correlation with extracts from the Upper Permian source rocks both in isotopic composition of the saturated and aromatic fractions and in biomarker distribution, suggesting that the Permian especially the Upper Permian Longtan Formation was the main source of solid bitumens in the carbonate reservoirs in the Feixianguan and Changxing formations in the Puguang gas field. Chemical and isotopic composition of natural gases indicates that the majority of hydrocarbon gases originated from sapropelic organic matter and was the products of thermal cracking of accumulated oils. This study indicates that source rock dominated by sapropelic organic matter existed in the Upper Permian and had made major contribution to the giant Puguang gas field, which has important implication for petroleum exploration in marine sequences in South China. 相似文献
12.
Kerstin Drost Axel Gerdes Teresa Jeffries Ulf Linnemann Craig Storey 《Gondwana Research》2011,19(1):213-231
New LA-ICP-MS U–Pb detrital zircon ages from Ediacaran and Paleozoic siliciclastic rocks are used to constrain provenance and paleogeographic affinities of the Teplá-Barrandian unit (TBU) in the centre of the Bohemian Massif (Central Europe, Czech Republic). The samples taken span the period from ≤ 635 Ma to ～ 385 Ma and permit recognition of provenance changes that reflect changes in geotectonic regime. Detrital zircon age spectra of two Ediacaran, one Lower Cambrian and three Upper Ordovician samples resemble the ages known from the NW African proportion of Gondwana, particularly the Trans-Saharan belt, while three rocks from higher Lower Cambrian to Lowermost Ordovician strata contain detritus that may have been derived exclusively from local sources. The age spectrum of the Devonian rock is a combination of the NW Gondwanan and local features. These new findings in combination with a wide range of published data are in agreement with a Neoproterozoic subduction-related setting at the margin of Gondwana followed by a Cambrian/Early Ordovician rifting stage and an Ordovician passive margin setting. Furthermore the data are in favour of a position of the TBU at the Gondwanan margin throughout pre-Variscan times. 相似文献
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14.
Magnesite occurrences in the West Carpathians, a part of the Alpine Orogenic System, have been known since the second half of the 19th Century. They are hosted by Cambrian, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, Permian, Lower and Upper Triassic sedimentary units.Economically most important are crystalline magnesite (Veitsch-type) and locally associated talc in the Devonian sequence of the Veporides and in the Caboniferous of the Gemerides (yearly production 2–3 million tonnes).Traditionally, the Slovak magnesite deposits had been interpreted as hydrothermal-metasomatic, related to magmatically-derived fluids. More recently, a sedimentary-diagenetic origin of the magnesite with Mg derived in full or in part from the contemporaneous submarine basaltic volcanism is considered more probable. After deposition and diagenesis, the magnesites and their host rocks were metamorphosed in greenschist (Carboniferous of the Gemerides) to amphibolite (Devonian of the Veporides) facies. 相似文献
15.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(3):238-249
East Siberia comprises three petroleum provinces—Lena-Tunguska, Lena-Vilyuy, and Yenisey-Anabar—that occupy the area of the Siberian craton. Petroleum has been generated and has accumulated in Precambrian rifts beneath the sedimentary basins and, more importantly, within the section of the basin itself. The platformal deposits of the basins extend beneath overthrusts on the east and south and are covered by sedimentary rocks of the West Siberian overthrusts on the east and south and are covered by sedimentary rocks of the West Siberian province on the west. Permafrost and gas hydrate deposits are present throughout most of East Siberia. In the Lena-Tunguska province, rifts that developed during Riphean time are filled by thick sedimentary rocks, in which petroleum deposits have formed. In Early Cambrian time a barrier reef extended across the East Siberian craton from southeast to northwest. A lagoon to the west of this reef was the site of thick rhythmic salt deposits, which are the main seal for petroleum in the province. The sedimentary section of the platform cover ranges in age from Late Proterozoic to Permian. More than 25 oil and gas fields have been discovered in the province, all in Riphean through Lower Cambrian rocks. The Lena-Vilyuy province includes the Vilyuy basin and the Cis-Verkhoyansk foredeep. During Middle Devonian time, a rift formed along the axis of what was to become the Vilyuy basin. This rift is filled by Upper Devonian and Lower Carboniferous basalt, elastics, carbonates, and evaporites. During this rift stage the region that was to become the Cis-Verkhoyansk foredeep was an open geosynclinal sea. The sedimentary cover consists of Permian, coal-bearing sedimentary rocks as well as elastics from the Lower Triassic, Lower Jurassic, Lower Cretaceous, and Upper Cretaceous, the latter only in the Vilyuy basin. In the Lena-Vilyuy petroleum province as many as nine gas and gas-condensate fields have been discovered. The Yenisey-Anabar province is largely an extension of the West Siberian petroleum province. Permian sedimentary rocks are present only in the east, where they consist of elastics and some salt. The Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous each are represented by thick clastic deposits. Total thickness of the sedimentary cover is up to 15 km on the west and 8 km on the east. Twelve gas and gas-condensate fields have been discovered in the western part of the province. 相似文献
16.
The Paleozoic sequences of the Gurktal nappe (Eastern Alps) can be divided into two tectonic units by means their facies development: (1) The lower Murau nappe is characterized by low grade metamorphic black schists, calcareous phyllites of predominantly Silurian age (?) and some hundred meters of carbonates of predominantly Lower Devonian age. (2) The higher Stolzalpe nappe, metamorphosed very low to low grade, contains Ordovician to Lower Silurian volcanic formations. There can be recognized three facies during Upper Silurian to Lower Devonian times. The higher Devonian to Lower Carboniferous is dominated by more or less pelagic carbonates. After the facies distribution of Paleozoic rocks other parts of southern Austroalpine show a similar tectonic feature. The Stolzalpe nappe is related to the upper nappes of Austroalpine (i. e. Noric nappe system, northern parts of Paleozoic of Graz) and also western Carnics. The clastic and carbonate complexes of Murau nappe, Schöckel nappe s. 1. (Paleozoic of Graz) and Murides crystalline (middle Austroalpine) are developed very similar. Some features of Paleozoic fades distribution show a NE to SW trend crossing the alpidic structure. Because of conglomerates with crystalline components near the base is postulated a preUpper Ordovician basement complex for this realm. 相似文献
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18.
中国南方海相生烃成藏研究的若干新进展(二) 南方四套区域性海相烃源岩的地球化学特征 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
南方四套区域性高、过成熟海相烃源岩的地球化学特征有:(1)干酪根显微组分以Ⅱ型为主;各层系干酪根和沥青"A"的δ13C随时代变新而变重,反映了高等植物输入的增多。(2)上古生界烃源岩沥青"A"和总烃含量比过成熟的下古生界烃源岩高出6～10倍;与相同层系低成熟烃源岩比较,高、过成熟烃源岩已大量排烃。(3)下古生界烃源岩抽提物正烷烃的双峰型分布代表了两类具不同脂肪链结构的藻类输入;上古生界既有双峰型又有单峰型分布,反映了水生生物与高等植物的不同贡献。(4)Pr/Ph比和甾、萜烷常规生物标志物的分布在高、过成熟热演化阶段已经趋同和失效,难以区分不同层系烃源岩和用作油源对比。(5)三芳甾烷、甲基三芳甾烷,特别是三芳甲藻甾烷等生物标志物,可以区分不同地区、不同层系烃源岩,并可用作油源对比。 相似文献
19.
V. I. Vinogradov G. A. Belenitskaya M. I. Bujakaite V. N. Kuleshov M. A. Minaeva B. G. Pokrovskii 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2006,41(1):85-97
New isotope data on Lower Cambrian rocks of the Irkutsk amphitheater are reported in three communications. The first communication
is devoted to the sulfur isotopic composition, which is most sensitive to ostsedimentary geochemical transformations of sulfate
rocks in saliferous formations. It is shown that δ34S values in Bel’sk and Zhigalovo boreholes are within 22–35‰ The lowest values are close to the sulfur isotopic composition
of a halogenic basin, while the highest values are related to epigenetic sulfate reduction. This process was responsible for
the elimination of 100 m of anhydrites from the Lower Cambrian section. 相似文献
20.
V. N. Podkovyrov A. V. Maslov A. B. Kuznetsov V. B. Ershova 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2017,25(1):1-20
The results of investigations of Upper Vendian?Lower Cambrian deposits in the northeastern part of the Baltic monocline specify views on the evolution of depositional environments of sedimentary successions constituting the basal part of the sedimentary cover in inner areas of the northwestern East European Platform. It is shown that the Late Vendian and initial Cambrian were characterized by the consecutive influx of relatively mature terrigenous detrital material that originated from both the weathering crust of the Baltic Shield and new sources. Its deposition was interrupted by notable, although likely asynchronous, hiatuses, which are registered at the base of the Upper Vendian Vasileostrovskaya and Voronkovo formations and Lower Cambrian Lomonosov Formation. In the Late Vendian, sedimentary material was transported from the Baltic Shield, while beginning from the initial Early Cambrian the additional contribution to the formation of the sedimentary cover of the Baltic monocline was provided by coarse-grained sedimentary material from the Timan margin of the Baltica as follows from U?Pb isotopic ages obtained for detrital zircons. At the same time, lithogeochemical parameters of fine-grained rocks experienced no substantial changes. 相似文献