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1.
日本鬼You育苗投饵技术改进 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用脊尾白虾对日本鬼You亲鱼人工化投饵促熟，以扇贝卵子和轮虫作为育苗开口饵料，以卤虫幼体和蒙古裸腹Sao经营养强化作为育苗饵料，并对投饵技术进行调整改进。 相似文献
2.
培育双壳类软体动物幼苗所需的饵料，是指池内培育阶段适合于幼虫和幼苗(壳长一般在1mm以下)的饵料。育苗成功的关键问题之一为是否已经选择到这样的饵料。自40年代找到适宜的饵料生物以后，双壳类幼虫的培养才取得较明显的成效。以往利用过的一些饵料生物巳有文献系统记载。我国贻贝人工育苗是在分离与培养出扁藻以后才获得成功的。随着研究工作的深入以及适应各种不同情况的需要，采用的饵料种类越来越多样化。从生产性育苗特别是多茬育苗考虑，必须因地制宜地筛选出一定种数的饵料，以便在不同培养条件下有机动选择的余地。同一时还应找出适宜的投饵数量，以求取得较好的育苗效果。为此目的，我们于1975-1978年结合生产性育苗的需要进行了一些饵料饲养实验。本文根据实验结果以及多年来生产性育苗的实践，对贻贝育苗的饵料问题进行总结，侧重于不同饵料的饲养效果比较。 相似文献
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饥饿对中国龙虾叶状幼体Ⅰ期发育、摄食及存活的影响 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
中国龙虾叶状幼体Ⅰ期在饥饿条件下的生长发育、变态、存活的研究结果表明:初孵叶状幼体耐饥饿能力较强,完全饥饿144h,成活率为100%,饥饿192～216h,成活率为76%～68%.由生长和变态来看,推迟24～36h投饵,对叶状幼体Ⅰ期的生长没有明显影响.在摄食饵料方面,初孵幼体饥饿144h,仍然有55%的幼体具有摄食能力.饥饿24～120h的初期叶状幼体摄食卤虫幼体的大小(体长为349.5～604.9μm)可达到自身体长的1/2～1/3.当叶状幼体连续摄饵时间达60h,体内储存一定的营养后,即使不再喂食,幼体也能变态,但变态率较低.由间隔投饵效果来看,每隔8,16,24h投饵,幼体的发育变态差异不大.这些研究结果对开展龙虾基础生物学与人工育苗技术研究,提高育苗成活率将有一定的参考意义. 相似文献
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盐度及饵料对马粪海胆幼体生长发育及变态的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文以马粪海胆为研究对象 ,对其成熟卵的受精率与受精卵的孵化过程以及其浮游幼体在不同实验条件下的生长发育进行研究。研究结果表明 :盐度在 2 7～ 35间的受精率可达95 %左右 ,最适盐度为 31,受精率可达 10 0 % ,盐度高于 35或低于 2 7受精率都将明显下降 ;以角毛藻作为马粪海胆浮游幼体的饵料效果最好 ,成活率可达 6 0 % ,体长可达 76 9μm ;早期投饵密度为 10 4 cell/mL ,后期投饵密度为 8× 10 4 cell/mL ;三角褐指藻饵料效果略差于角毛藻 ,扁藻适宜作为马粪海胆浮游幼体后期饵料。 相似文献
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对虾对饵料蛋白质及氨基酸吸收利用的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用51Cr2O3作指示物,研究了对虾(Penaeus orientalis)消化道不同部位对饵料蛋白质和结合态、游离态氨基酸的消化吸收特点;以[3H]赖氨酸作示踪剂,进一步研究了饵料游离氨基酸在对虾体内的转运、分布及参与蛋白质合成的问题,并了解不同投饵方式对这些过程的影响.结果表明,在胃中进行旺盛的消化活动,营养物质主要通过中肠腺吸收,由此进人循环系统,被输送到各组织器官,中肠也具有较强的消化吸收能力.饵料游离氨基酸不能与结合态氨基酸同步吸收,以致其结合率低下,多次投饵可提高其结合率. 相似文献
6.
研究了对虾产量和各种饵料投饵量的关系,采用联列方程求得各种饵料的投饵系数:花生饼及豆饼4.68,配合饵料4.34,虾糠6.00;鲜杂鱼虾10.27,卤虫15.50,蓝蛤27.55;肌蛤28.55,菲律宾蛤35.00,贻贝40.00,其它7.02。 相似文献
7.
研究了对虾产量和各种饵料投饵量的关系,采用联列方程求得各种饵料的投饵系数:花生饼及豆饼4.68,配合饵料4.34,虾糠6.00;鲜杂鱼虾10.27,卤虫15.50,蓝蛤27.55;肌蛤28.55,菲律宾蛤35.00,贻贝40.00,其它7.02。 相似文献
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通过脊尾白虾蚤状幼体饵料种类、饵料组合和食物密度的比较试验 ,研究了脊尾白虾育苗的适宜开口饵料和育苗期饵料组合 ,测定了不同时期蚤状幼体的捕食率及其日粮。结果表明 :饵料种类对脊尾白虾蚤状幼体 期 (Z1)至 期 (Z2 )的变态率和变态所需时间没有明显影响 ,Z1可以不投饵 ,但适量投喂单胞藻或轮虫 ,能明显提高 Z2 活力和 Z2 至 Z3 的变态率。人工培育脊尾白虾蚤状幼体的适宜饵料是卤虫无节幼体 ,在幼体培育前期 (Z1)投喂单胞藻、轮虫 ,后期 (Z3 以后 )添加鱼糜效果也很好。蚤状幼体对卤虫无节幼体的捕食率和日粮随幼体发育而明显增加 ,同一发育时期则随饵料密度的增大而增加 ,但达到一定密度后 ,捕食率增幅明显下降。根据幼体日粮难以确定育苗期间卤虫无节幼体的最佳投喂方案 相似文献
9.
单胞藻薄膜袋封闭式培养技术的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文提出了用聚乙烯薄膜透明袋对单胞藻进行封闭式培养技术的研究结果。用该技术培养单胞藻作海产动物幼体的饵料,与目前通用的水泥池开放式培养比较,具有方法简单成本低廉、培养的单胞藻密度高、不易污染、生产周期短等优点。该技术在1988年的扇贝人工育苗生产中,提高了投饵质量和幼虫的成活率。 相似文献
10.
深水网箱投饵机设计与试验研究 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
根据网箱养殖的特点,结合网箱养殖的经验,设计了1种深水网箱投饵机,并进行了相应的试验,测定了不同情况下产生的真空度以及在冲饵管和吸饵管不同开度时的下料时间。此投饵机使用水力环流供饵、水力抽负吸饵、水动力投饵,充分利用了丰富的海水资源,用汽油机水泵作动力,利用管道将饵料抛向网箱,可向多个、距离不同的网箱供饵。作为1种新的投饵机具,可用于网箱养鱼和池塘养鱼的投饵。 相似文献
11.
中国对虾仔虾对磷需要量的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
通过观察在饲料中添加磷酸二氢钾对中国对虾仔虾存活率、体长增长率及仔虾体内含磷量的影响,探索了仔虾对磷的需要量。研究表明,添加磷酸二氢钾使饲料中磷含量为1.16%～1.37%时,仔虾的体长增长率最佳。饲料中磷含量在0.71%～1.82%的范围内,对仔虾的存活率、体内的磷含量无显著的影响。 相似文献
12.
The development of an effective artificial larval diet has been a major stumbling block for advancing the aquaculture of spiny lobsters internationally. Attempts to determine the natural diet of spiny lobster larvae have been impeded by their small size and sparse distribution in the open ocean, making these larvae difficult to study using conventional methods. Recent advances in molecular genetic techniques have provided a novel route for identifying the natural prey of spiny lobster larvae (phyllosoma). In this study, sequences from zooplankton found associated with phyllosomas, along with sequences from GenBank, were used to design a suite of group-specific primers. These primers were able to amplify via the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) a short (100–200 base pair) DNA fragment from the 16S or COI locus of potential prey but not from lobster. These methods were applied to four wild-caught phyllosomas of Jasus edwardsii and two phyllosomas of Scyllarus sp. Z. Gadiforme, Cnidaria, Gastropoda and Decapoda crustacean (non-lobster) DNA sequences were obtained from the gut contents of these lobster larvae and inferred as prey. These initial results confirm previous studies using other less definitive methods which have indicated that phyllosomas are opportunistic predators of a wide range of zooplankton taxa. 相似文献
13.
A plume of herring larvae dispersing from a spawning site at Clythness in the Moray Firth (northern Scotland) was surveyed during early September 1985. Several cohorts of larvae were evident from the length distributions, and these were arranged in order of increasing length (age) towards the south-west. The spacing of cohort centres indicated a drift rate of 1–2 km day−1.Calanoid copepod nauplii constituted the major proportion of the diet of larvae <10 mm sampled during the study. Cyclopoid copepod nauplii and gastropod veligers were not found in the diet although they were present in the water. The distribution of nauplii in the region was inversely correlated with the concentration of phytoplankton chlorophyll, and nauplii concentrations were above average in the vicinity of the herring spawning site. The drift trajectory of the herring larvae took them towards an area of high copepodite and adult copepod concentration—items which formed an increasing part of the diet of larger (older) larvae. 相似文献
14.
饵料对锯缘青蟹大眼幼体生长发育的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以不同比例的轮虫和卤虫无节幼体搭配成各种饵料组合，分别喂养不同发育期的锯缘青蟹幼体，重点研究大眼幼体的存活、生长发育、变态和干重及化学元素(C、H、N)含量的情况.结果表明饵料搭配得当，适时适量的投喂，其幼体的生长发育和变态都正常，并可获得较高的存活率，若饵料搭配不当不仅会导致幼体出现高死亡率，而且还能诱发发育期变化的现象；不同饵料搭配对大眼幼体干重及化学元素(C、H、N)含量的影响很显著，相差60％～70％，约一个发育期，而这差异可以通过该期幼体投喂足量卤虫无节幼体来加以弥补，大眼幼体的C、H、N占干重的百分比仅次于溞V，这表明青蟹幼体在这两次变态前需在体内积累高比例的有机营养物质来保证变态的顺利进行. 相似文献
15.
This study examined the diet of sympatric populations of migratory juvenile rainbow trout and landlocked koaro in the Waipehi and Omori Streams, Lake Taupo, New Zealand. In both species, diet was dominated, both numerically and by weight, by aquatic prey: Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, and Diptera larvae were the most numerous prey items. Adult koaro and juvenile rainbow trout both fed on small koaro. Terrestrial prey items were present in low numbers in the diets of both koaro and juvenile rainbow trout, but were more important in terms of weight. Resource partitioning was weak although koaro consumed more small benthic invertebrates such as chironomid larvae, whereas the diet of rainbow trout contained more Ephemeroptera larvae and terrestrial insects. In the Waipehi Stream, koaro consumed both rainbow trout ova and koaro ova; in Omori Stream, trout ova were important in the diet of juvenile rainbow trout. Since the diets of koaro and juvenile rainbow trout in some Taupo tributaries are similar, populations may co‐exist by temporal and/or spatial partitioning of food resources, whereas trout predation on small koaro may be a limiting factor for koaro populations. 相似文献
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The senegale sole, Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858, is a commercially valuable fish and it is beginning to be cultured in a semi-intensive way in fish farms in southern European countries. The present study was initiated to investigate the diet of S. senegalensis under semi-extensive conditions. The feeding habits of sole were studied in two earthen ponds of a fish farm in the Sado estuary. In one earthen pond, artificial fish ration was given. S. senegalensis feeds on few prey items, its diet is mainly composed of insect larvae (Chironomus salinarus) and polychaeta (Hediste diversicolor). The diet composition of this species suggests feeding specialization, by consuming mainly annelids and insect larvae and by avoiding other items, extremely abundant in the environment, such as gastropods. In the water reservoir where ration was given, some fish consumed simultaneously benthic organism together with ration. However, benthic organisms seem to be the most important component of S. senegalensis diet. 相似文献
19.
K. Raab L.A.J. Nagelkerke C. Boerée A.D. Rijnsdorp A. Temming M. Dickey-Collas 《Journal of Sea Research》2011,65(1):131-140
The diet of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) in the North and Baltic Seas was studied using stomach analysis from four sampling events in different areas. Zooplanktivory was confirmed; the most frequent prey items (in over 40% of stomachs) were copepods, malacostracan larvae and fish larvae. In the Baltic Sea, Paracalanus spp. and Pseudocalanus spp. were important in relative terms; in the German Bight, Temora spp. dominated the stomach contents. Relative abundances of prey items varied with area more than absolute abundance or presence absence of items. Moreover, the level of resolution of prey categories influenced which prey categories were considered to be most important in driving variability in stomach content. Anchovy diet is broad across the seasons, years and areas sampled, suggesting that it is not a specialist feeder in the North Sea. The similarity of diet between anchovy and other clupeids, as well as anchovy consumption of larval fish, makes the new increased anchovy population a potential intraguild predator of commercial species like herring. 相似文献