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华北中北部高级变质岩区的构造区划及其晚太古代构造演化 总被引：12，自引：4，他引：12
通过区域构造编图及重点地段的详细研究，在华北克拉通中北部识别出一条ＮＮＥ向的构造带——龙泉关－桑干带，它以大规模的韧性剪切带网络、重熔钾质花岗岩带、数量众多的高压麻粒岩构造透镜体或岩片为特征。剪切带以低角度逆冲为主，矿物拉伸线理指示运动方向为ＮＷ－ＳＥ向。这些剪切带造成东西两侧基底杂岩与表壳岩系包括孔兹岩系的广泛构造叠置，以及高压麻粒岩的近等温减压上隆。从更大的范围看，龙泉关－桑干带处于鄂尔多斯克拉通和阜平－赞皇克拉通之间，并且被五台－吕梁裂谷型绿岩带截切或不整合覆盖。该带应形成于晚太古代，记录了上述两个克拉通斜向拼合的构造过程 相似文献
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东亚原特提斯洋(Ⅲ):北秦岭韧性剪切带构造特征 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
北秦岭造山带位于华北陆块与南秦岭微陆块的衔接部位,是研究原特提斯洋构造演化的关键区域之一。北秦岭造山带内主要发育四条韧性剪切带,包括位于边界处的洛南-栾川剪切带和商丹剪切带,及其内部的官坡-乔端剪切带和朱阳关-夏馆剪切带。通过详细的野外构造解析、显微构造分析和石英EBSD组构分析,获得了四条主要剪切带的活动特征,认为(1)在早古生代华北陆块与北秦岭微陆块拼合后的折返过程中,洛南-栾川、官坡-乔端和朱阳关-夏馆剪切带开始了初始的剪切活动;(2)~380Ma之后,华北、华南陆块在向北漂移过程中逐渐由近东西向展布转换为近南北向展布,导致洛南-栾川和商丹剪切带表现为明显的右行剪切;(3)~320Ma时,华北陆块和南秦岭微陆块之间的剪刀式拼合导致洛南-栾川剪切带表现为右行剪切,商丹剪切带表现为左行剪切,而官坡-乔端和朱阳关-夏馆剪切带在陆块内部不同构造单元的协调作用下分别表现为左行剪切和右行剪切。 相似文献
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在1∶50万山东省大地构造相图编制和大地构造相综合研究的基础上,作者对山东重大基础地质问题提出了新的划分方案.山东地块是经多期增生和碰撞、镶嵌、叠覆而成的,其漫长的地质构造演化具明显的阶段性,可分为前南华纪、南华纪-中三叠世和晚三叠世-第四纪三大构造演化阶段.大地构造分区分为陆块区、造山系和叠加造山-裂谷系,划分出3个Ⅰ级构造单元、5个Ⅱ级构造单元、18个Ⅲ级构造单元和55个Ⅳ级构造单元.基于鲁东和鲁西地区在地层建造、岩浆活动、构造格局和成矿作用等存在的重大差异性,新厘定的渤海陆块作为华北陆块区之下的Ⅱ级构造单元.厘定大别-苏鲁造山带的北部边界、鲁西陆块与渤海陆块的边界.对古元古代荆山群、粉子山群形成的构造环境进行了深入探讨,认为是弧后盆地靠近大陆边缘一侧的构造背景,在古元古代晚期的造山过程中,粉子山群和荆山群等均卷入了造山过程,其中荆山群发生了深俯冲及高压麻粒岩相变质作用.胶东地区构造-岩浆事件和金矿成矿作用受控于特提斯、古亚洲洋和太平洋三大构造域,金矿形成于中生代构造体制转折和岩石圈减薄的动力学背景,与华北板块和扬子板块碰撞及太平洋板块的俯冲机制存在密切成因关系. 相似文献
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北祁连造山带晚奥陶世-泥盆纪构造演化: 碎屑锆石年代学证据 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
北祁连造山带晚奥陶世-泥盆纪处于同造山的构造背景.上奥陶统-泥盆系沿造山带不对称分布.上奥陶统-泥盆系碎屑锆石年代学特征显示, 造山带东段武威一带上奥陶统底部沉积物主要来自北祁连岛弧, 南部中祁连地块和北部华北板块的沉积物在上奥陶统上部才出现, 根据同沉积锆石年龄将中祁连地块和华北板块在东段初始碰撞的时间限定在470~450 Ma之间; 中祁连地块和华北板块的物质在造山带西段肃南一带被保存在下志留统, 地层中也有大量来自早古生代北祁连岛弧和同碰撞花岗岩的物质, 暗示造山带西段的碰撞时间在早志留世.而造山带东段下志留统中却仅有来自中祁连地块和华北板块的物质, 缺乏代表北祁连岛弧的早古生代碎屑锆石年龄, 对比上奥陶统-下志留统岩相分布和碎屑锆石年代学特征, 北祁连造山带的碰撞具有"东早西晚"的"斜向碰撞、不规则边缘碰撞"的特征, 而这种碰撞方式导致中祁连地块在造山带东段仰冲到北祁连岛弧之上, 阻止北祁连岛弧为盆地提供沉积物; 泥盆纪早期, 北祁连岛弧年龄在东段下、中泥盆统中重新出现, 结合志留系和泥盆系在造山带东、西两段的分布和变形特征推断, 泥盆纪早期北祁连造山带具有"东强西弱"的不均一隆升特征, 这种差异隆升特征是由"东早西晚"的"斜向碰撞、不规则边缘碰撞"引起的, 它导致了北祁连岛弧在造山带东段被重新剥露出地表, 同时来自早期中、上志留统以及同碰撞花岗岩的物质也被汇入盆地.河西走廊盆地性质经历了弧后盆地-弧后残留洋盆-前陆盆地的转换过程. 相似文献
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本文在讨论中国东部现有构造演化模式基础上，着重从华北与华南地块之间板块尺度的动力学过程剖析秦岭－大别中生代造山带构造演化，以及大别－苏鲁超高压变质地体的形成和折返过程。晚二叠世－中三叠世华南地块向华北地块持续挤压，陆壳大规模俯冲导致超高压变质作用的产生，而华北地块在晚三叠世至早侏罗世发生快速逆时针旋转，使得这一地区上地幔深度的超高压变质地体快速折返至下地壳。由于超高压变质地体侵位后，地壳结构、构造的差异，在南北地块的进一步挤压下，造成中国东部晚侏罗世－早白垩世郯庐断裂带的巨大左行剪切。 相似文献
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造山带中成对出现的高压麻粒岩与榴辉岩及其地球动力学意义 总被引：18，自引：13，他引：5
在一些典型碰撞造山带中,高压麻粒岩与榴辉岩在空间和时间上密切相关,它们之间的关系对揭示碰撞造山带的造山过程和造山机制具有重要意义.本文以中国西部的南阿尔金、柴北缘及中部的北秦岭造山带为例,详细陈述了这3个地区榴辉岩和相关的高压麻粒岩的野外关系、变质演化和形成时代,目的是要建立大陆碰撞造山带中榴辉岩和相关高压麻粒岩形成的地球动力学背景模式.南阿尔金榴辉岩呈近东西向分布在江尕勒萨依,玉石矿沟一带,与含夕线石副片麻岩、花岗质片麻岩和少量大理岩构成榴辉岩一片麻岩单元,榴辉岩中含有柯石英假象,其峰期变质条件为P=2.8～3.0GPa,T=730～850℃,并在抬升过程中经历了角闪岩-麻粒岩相的叠加;大量年代学研究显示其峰期变质时代为485～500Ma.南阿尔金高压麻粒岩分布在巴什瓦克地区,包括高压基性麻粒岩和高压长英质麻粒岩,它们与超基性岩构成了一个大约5km宽的构造岩石单元,与周围角闪岩相的片麻岩为韧性剪切带接触.长英质麻粒岩和基性麻粒岩的峰期组合均具有蓝晶石和三元长石(已变成条纹长石),形成的温压条件为T=930～1020℃,P=1.8～2.5GPa,并在退变质过程中经历了中压麻粒岩相变质作用叠加.锆石SHRIMP测定显示巴什瓦克高压麻粒岩的峰期变质时代为493～497Ma.都兰地区的榴辉岩分布柴北缘HP-UHP变质带的东端,在榴辉岩和围岩副片麻岩中均发现有柯石英保存,形成的峰期温压条件为T=670～730℃和P=2.7～3.25GPa,退变质阶段经过了角闪岩相的叠加;榴辉岩相变质时代为420～450Mao都兰地区的高压麻粒岩分布在阿尔茨托山西部,高压麻粒岩包括基性麻粒岩长英质麻粒岩,基性麻粒岩的峰期矿物组合为Grt+Cpx+Pl±Ky±Zo+Rt±Qtz,长英质麻粒岩的峰期矿物组合为：Grt+Kf+Ky+Pl+Qtz.峰期变质条件为T=800～925℃,P=1.4～1.85GPa,退变质阶段经历了角闪岩-绿片岩的改造,高压麻粒岩的变质时代为420～450Ma.北秦岭榴辉岩分布在官坡-双槐树一带,榴辉岩的峰期变质组合为Grt+Omp±Phe+Qtz+Rt,所计算的峰期温压条件为T=680～770℃和P=2.25～2.65GPa,年代学数据显示榴辉岩的变质时代为500Ma左右.北秦岭高压麻粒岩分布在含榴辉岩单元的南侧松树沟一带,包括高压基性麻粒岩和高压长英质麻粒岩,与超基性岩在空间上密切伴生,高压麻粒岩的峰期温压条件为T=850～925℃,P=1.45～1.80GPa,锆石U-Pb年代学研究显示其峰期变质时代为485～507Ma.以上三个实例显示,出现在同一造山带、在空间上伴生的高压麻粒岩和榴辉岩有各自不同的变质演化历史,但榴辉岩中的榴辉岩相变质时代和相邻的高压麻粒岩中的高压麻粒岩相变质作用时代相同或相近,这种成对出现的榴辉岩和高压麻粒岩代表了它们同时形成在造山带中不同的构造环境中,即榴辉岩的形成于大陆俯冲带中,而高压麻粒岩可能形成在俯冲带之上增厚的大陆地壳根部. 相似文献
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龙门山断裂带印支期左旋走滑运动及其大地构造成因 总被引：60，自引：6，他引：60
位于青藏高原东缘的龙门山构造呈北东—南西向将松潘—甘孜褶皱带和华南地块分割开。前者主要是由一套巨厚的三叠纪复理石沉积组成 ,分布在古特提斯海的东缘。后者由前寒武纪基底和上覆的古生代和中生代沉积盖层组成。位于汶川—茂汶断裂以东的前龙门山存在一系列倾向北西的逆掩断层 ,它们将许多由元古宙和古生代岩层组成的断片向南东置于四川盆地的中生代红层之上 ,构成典型的薄皮构造。许多研究由此断定松潘—甘孜褶皱带和四川盆地之间在中生代发生过大规模的北西—南东向挤压。然而 ,汶川—茂汶断裂西侧的松潘—甘孜褶皱带内部的挤压构造线大多是垂直于而不是平形于龙门山断裂带 ,这表明当时的挤压应力不是北西—南东向而是北东—南西向。近年来在龙门山构造带内发现 ,在三叠纪时龙门山断裂带在发生推覆的同时还经历过大规模的北东—南西向的左旋走滑运动 ,协调走滑运动的主要构造为汶川—茂汶断裂。走滑运动的成因与松潘—甘孜褶皱带北东—南西向缩短有关。汶川—茂汶断裂的左旋走滑在龙门山的北东端被古特提斯海沿勉略俯冲带的消减和发生在大巴山的古生代 /中生代岩层的褶皱和冲断作用所吸收 ,在龙门山的南西端被古特提斯海沿甘孜—理塘俯冲带的消减和松潘—甘孜三叠纪复理石的褶皱和冲断作用所吸? 相似文献
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华北克拉通中生代下地壳置换：非造山过程的壳幔交换 总被引：25，自引：15，他引：25
华北克拉通内部前寒武纪麻粒岩地体和新生代火山岩的麻粒岩捕虏体的研究表明，前寒武纪下地壳与现今下地壳的是不同的。下地壳的主要置换发生在中生代。这表明，华北克拉通中生代的构造重大转折，不仅使得盆山格局发生了变化，而且下地壳和上地幔的组成和结构发生了变化。已发表的关于东部岩石圈减薄的机理有折沉作用、幔柱构造模式，均与造山带的演化相联系。本文注意到，华北克拉通最下部地壳的部分或大部都已被中代的下地壳置换，它们不仅发生在克拉通边部，而且发生在克拉通内部。因此华北克拉通中生代的下地壳被中生代的下地壳取代的作用，可称为华北克拉通中生代换底作用。中生代时期的华北拉通下可能存在有规模的地幔柱，强烈的壳幔交换是换底的作用的主要方式，热侵蚀和化学侵蚀的细节还不清楚。但可以推测这与造山带的演化没有直接关系，和造山带岩石圈根部的折沉作用有一般意义的底侵作用不同。 相似文献
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Three fold generations have been recognized in Svecofennian rocks (±1,800 Ma) from West Uusimaa, SW Finland. The first one (F1) might be related to thrusting and imbrication tectonics at plate collision contacts. The main generation (F2) is due to a N-S horizontal crustal shortening, which created at first E-W trending upright folds in the whole region and later tightened these F2 folds in the western part of the belt, whereas conjugate shear zones and tectonic lenses of competent rock bodies developed in the eastern part. Simultaneously the metamorphic conditions rose from amphibolite- to granulite-facies in this eastern part, which is known as the West Uusimaa Complex. The amphibolite- to granulite-facies transition zone along the western boundary of the granulite-facies complex is studied in detail. A number of prograde mineral reactions are telescoped in this transition zone: the breakdown of biotite and amphibole to ortho- ±clino-pyroxene in metaigneous rocks, the appearance of garnet in cordierite-bearing metapelites and the appearance of scapolite in calcareous rocks. Distinct mineralogical changes also occur in this zone which cross cuts all major structures and rock units and are only affected by late-F3 folding (open, disharmonic folds with approximately N-S trending axial planes) and young shear zones, associated with pseudotachylite generation. The absence of any evidence of block faulting and tilting of the crust that could be associated with the granulite complex suggests that the whole region represents one crustal level. A fluid-inclusion study indicates similar pressures for the amphibolite facies and the granulite facies domains. Application of various independent geothermobarometric methods suggest a low pressure (3–5 K bar) and a temperature increase from 550–650° C to 700–825° C, associated with a decreasing water activity (0.12O<0.4) and a general increasing CO2 activity. Fluid inclusions strongly suggest an isobaric amphibolite/granulite transition. There-fore the granulite-facies complex is designated a thermal dome. Whole rock chemical data show that granulite-facies metamorphism is isochemical. Constraints for the Svecokarelian crustal evolution are discussed. 相似文献
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文章统计分析了金川矿区内地层和侵入体中的节理构造,对矿区内的共轭剪节理进行配套、分期,综合区域构造演化史后分析了矿区构造应力场。研究表明,金川矿区从新太古代到古生代至少受到4期古构造应力的作用。第一期构造应力场为NS向的挤压,由阴山陆块与鄂尔多斯陆块碰撞形成华北古陆西部陆块引起。第二期构造应力场为NE-SW向的挤压,与华北克拉通东、西陆块碰撞拼合并参与Columbia超大陆拼合事件有关;其后阿拉善陆块与华南陆块参与Rodinia超大陆拼合事件,应力场持续作用。第三期构造应力场为近NS向的挤压,由祁连洋不断向北俯冲引起。第四期构造应力场为NNE-SSW向的挤压,与祁连造山带发生的强烈造山运动有关。 相似文献
12.
Since the Xingtai (邢台) earthquake in 1966,China Earthquake Administration has carried out a survey campaign along more than thirty deep seismic sounding (DSS) profiles altogether about twenty thousand kilometers long in North China to study the velocity structure of the crust and the upper mantle in this region,and has obtained a great number of research findings. However,these researches have not provided a 3D velocity structure model of the crust of North China and cannot provide seismic evidence for the study of the deep tectonic characteristics of the crust of the whole region. Hence,based on the information from the published data of the DSS profiles,we have chosen 14 profiles to obtain a 3D velocity structure model of North China using the vectorization function of the GIS software (Arc/Info) and the Kriging data gridding method. With this velocity structure model,we have drawn the following conclusions: (1) The P-wave velocity of the uppermost crust of North China changes dramatically,exhibiting a complicated velocity structure in plane view. It can be divided into three velocity zones mainly trending towards north-west. In the research area,the lowest-velocity zones lie in the Haihe (海河) plain and Bohai (渤海) Bay. Although the geological structure of the sedimentary overburden in the study area is somewhat inherited by the upper crust,there are still several differences between them. (2) Generally,the P-wave velocity of the crust increases with depth in the study area,but there still exists local velocity reversion. In the east,low-velocity anomalies of the Haihe plain gradually disappear with increasing depth,and the Shanxi (山西) graben in the west is mainly characterized by relatively low velocity anomalies. Bounded by the Taihang (太行) Mountains,the eastern and western parts differ in structural trend of stratum above the crystalline basement. The structural trend of the Huanghuaihai (黄淮海) block in the east is mainly north-east,while that of the Shanxi block and the eastern edge of the Ordos block is mainly north-west. (3) According to the morphological features of Moho,the crust of the study area can be divided into six blocks. In the Shanxi block,Moho apppears like a nearly south-north trending depression belt with a large crustal thickness. In the southern edge of the Inner Mongolia block and the south of the Yanshan (燕山) block,the Moho exhibits a feature of fold belt,trending nearly towards east-west. In the eastern edge of the Ordos block,the structure of Moho is relatively complex,presenting a pattern of fold trending nearly towards north-west with alternating convexes and concaves. Beneath the Huanghuaihai block,the middle and northern parts of the North China rift zone,the Moho is the shallowest in the entire region,with alternating uplifts and depressions in its shape. For the anteclise zone in the west of Shandong (山东) Province,the Moho is discontinuous for the fault depression extending in the north-west direction along Zaozhuang (枣庄) -Qufu (曲阜). 相似文献
13.
《China Geology》2018,1(1):137-157
The development of metamorphic petrology to metamorphic geology in China has a long history. Ancient basement metamorphic rocks are distributed primarily in the North China Craton, the Yangtze Block and Tarim Craton. They are mainly made up of plutonic gneiss and metamorphosed supercrust rock, transformed to granulite facies through Archean Paleoproterozoic. Many of the Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rocks have undergone high-pressure granulite facies metamorphism with a clockwise metamorphic evolution path. The ultrahigh temperature (UHT) granulites from the Late Paleoproterozoic are found in North China Craton. Many high-precision chronological data have allowed preliminary construction of the formation and evolutionary framework of different metamorphic basements. Primarily there are low-temperature and high-pressure blue schist, high-temperature and high-pressure granulite and ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) eclogite facies metamorphic rocks in the Phanerozoic orogenic belt. The discovery of eclogite in the Sulu orogen and a large quantity of coesite in its country rocks show that there was a deep subduction of voluminous continental materials during the collision process between the Yangtze block and the North China Craton in the Early Mesozoic phase. From the studies of, for instance, organic matter vitrinite reflectance, illite crystallinity, illite (muscovite) polytype and illite (muscovite) b dimension, the Late Paleozoic strata in the eastern region of Inner Mongolia and the north-central region of NE China have only experienced diagenesis to an extremely low-grade metamorphism. The discovery of impact-metamorphosed rocks in Xiuyan area of Liaoning province has enriched the type and category of metamorphic rocks in China. The phase equilibrium method has been widely used in the study of metamorphism of middle and high-grade metamorphic rocks. On the basis of existing geologic surveys and monographic study results, different scholars have respectively compiled 1:1500000 Metamorphic Geological Map and Specifications of Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its Adjacent Areas, 1:2500000 Metamorphic Tectonic Map of China, and the 1:5000000 Metamorphic Geological Map and Specifications of China, among others repectively, which have systematically summarized the research results of metamorphic petrology and metamorphic geology in China. 相似文献
14.
区域变质作用与中国大陆地壳的形成与演化 总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4
在编制1∶500万中国变质地质图的基础上,本文总结了中国主要变质带的演化以及各变质带与中国大陆地壳形成演化之间的内在联系。虽然在华北和华南克拉通都有古太古代到中太古代的变质年代记录,但是由于后期改造其变质作用的特点及与区域构造背景的联系已难以追索。新太古代末-古元古代初期的变质作用在华北克拉通表现最明显,这期变质作用紧随大规模的TTG岩浆作用,普遍具有逆时针的P-T演化轨迹,反映了地幔柱主导的岩浆-变质事件特点。古元古代晚期的变质事件在华北、华南、塔里木克拉通都有强烈反映。这期变质作用以形成具有顺时针P-T演化轨迹的高压麻粒岩为特点,与形成Columbia超大陆的一些造山带的特点类似,但是这三个不同克拉通在与Columbia聚合的时间和空间方位上存在差异。华南克拉通是相对年轻的克拉通,是沿新元古代江南造山带扬子和华夏地块拼合的产物。新元古代江南造山带的火山岩形成时代和变质作用程度从北东向南西迁移,反映了造山过程逐渐迁移和剪刀式闭合的特点。形成华南克拉通后,在其东南缘又先后经历了加里东期和印支期的变质改造,并且由北西向南东变质带从加里东期转变为印支期,但是这两期变质作用的构造背景尚不很清楚。中国南北大陆的聚合首先从西昆仑-阿尔金-北祁连-北秦岭-桐柏开始,所反映的变质作用是早古生代的蓝片岩相和榴辉岩相变质岩相伴产出,表明经历了从洋壳俯冲到陆陆碰撞的演化过程。中国东部的南北大陆到印支期才最终汇聚,相应的变质作用以南部出现高压蓝片岩相、北部出现超高压的榴辉岩相变质带为特点,表明南方大陆向北方大陆的俯冲。超高压带内普遍含有柯石英,意味着大规模的陆壳深俯冲。华北克拉通和塔里木克拉通以北的中亚造山带内存在多条从早古生代到晚古生代的变质带和多条蓝片岩相变质带,表明这是一个由多阶段、多条变质带组成的造山区。但是其变质作用的空间和时间演化还有待进一步深入。青藏高原变质带具有北老南新的空间分布特点,最北部的印支期龙木错-双湖-澜沧江变质带反映了原特提斯和古特提斯洋的碰撞拼合过程,北部的燕山期班公湖-怒江变质带和中部的喜马拉雅早期雅鲁藏布江变质带反映了新特提斯洋的两次碰撞拼合过程,南部喜马拉雅晚期的高喜马拉雅变质带反映了印度板块向北俯冲导致的高原快速隆升过程。 相似文献
15.
大量含石榴石的基性麻粒岩透镜体出露于苏鲁变质带的北部及邻近地区,它们可能是再变质的高压变质岩石。在详细的岩相学研究的基础上,确定采自莱西和文登的样品WD01、WD04、ML06 是由高压麻粒岩经中-高压麻粒岩相再变质形成的,而采自威海的样品WH1 是由柯石英榴辉岩经中-高压麻粒岩相再变质形成的。Sm-Nd 同位素年代学研究也证实了二者的重大差别。3 个高压麻粒岩样品的矿物-全岩内部等时线年龄分别是1 846+ /-76Ma,1 743+ /-79Ma 和1 752+ /-30Ma,TDM 模式年龄是3.3Ga,3.0Ga 和2.8Ga.上述数据说明原岩形成在太古宙,而1 800Ma 是麻粒岩相降压变质事件的记录,这与华北克拉通前寒武纪高压麻粒岩的年代学一致。威海样品的Sm-Nd 同位素特征则完全不同。矿物和全岩形不成等时线,表现出它们之间的同位素不平衡。εNd(0)值高达+ 127,TDM 模式年龄是1.3Ga.这与Jahn(1994,1996)对威海同类样品的测定结果相同。可以推测威海样品的原岩是元古宙岩石,在后来复杂的变质过程中,在水岩相互作用和岩浆及重熔作用的影响下,同位素系统发生重大变化。同位素年代学为苏鲁变质带和华北克拉通的界限是昆嵛山岩浆-变质杂岩带提供了依据。 相似文献
16.
大量含石榴石的基性麻粒岩透镜体出露于苏鲁变质带的北部及邻近地区,它们可能是再变质的高压变质岩石。在详细的岩相学研究的基础上,确定采自莱西和文登的样品WD01、WD04、ML06 是由高压麻粒岩经中-高压麻粒岩相再变质形成的,而采自威海的样品WH1 是由柯石英榴辉岩经中-高压麻粒岩相再变质形成的。Sm-Nd 同位素年代学研究也证实了二者的重大差别。3 个高压麻粒岩样品的矿物-全岩内部等时线年龄分别是1 846+ /-76Ma,1 743+ /-79Ma 和1 752+ /-30Ma,TDM 模式年龄是3.3Ga,3.0Ga 和2.8Ga.上述数据说明原岩形成在太古宙,而1 800Ma 是麻粒岩相降压变质事件的记录,这与华北克拉通前寒武纪高压麻粒岩的年代学一致。威海样品的Sm-Nd 同位素特征则完全不同。矿物和全岩形不成等时线,表现出它们之间的同位素不平衡。εNd(0)值高达+ 127,TDM 模式年龄是1.3Ga.这与Jahn(1994,1996)对威海同类样品的测定结果相同。可以推测威海样品的原岩是元古宙岩石,在后来复杂的变质过程中,在水岩相互作用和岩浆及重熔作用的影响下,同位素系统发生重大变化。同位素年代学为苏鲁变质带和华北克拉通的界限是昆嵛山岩浆-变质杂岩带提供了依据。 相似文献
17.
吉林-黑龙江高压变质带的初步厘定:证据和意义 总被引：14，自引：11，他引：3
本文定义的吉林-黑龙江高压变质带是指我国东北地区佳木斯-兴凯地块西缘和南缘共同发育的呈弧形展布的高压变质带,具体包括佳木斯-兴凯地块西缘增生杂岩带(黑龙江蓝片岩带和张广才-小兴安岭增生杂岩带)和佳木斯-兴凯地块南缘的长春-延吉增生杂岩带.其中佳木斯-兴凯地块西缘增生杂岩带形成于晚三叠-早侏罗世(180 ～ 210Ma),为佳木斯-兴凯地块向西冲增生而形成的高压变质带;而长春-延吉增生杂岩带由一系列特征性俯冲-增生杂岩组成,包括石头口门-烟筒山红帘石片岩带、呼兰群变质杂岩、色洛河群变质杂岩、青龙村群变质杂岩和开山屯变质杂岩等,形成时代为187～230Ma,峰期为220～230Ma.长春-延吉增生杂岩带曾被认为是西拉木伦河断裂带的东延部分,但是区域构造分析表明,它们形成的动力学背景与佳木斯-兴凯地块西缘增生杂岩带相同,均为太平洋板块三叠纪-早侏罗世的西向俯冲导致佳木斯-兴凯地块自东向西的“剪刀式”闭合过程.我们将佳木斯-兴凯地块西缘和南缘发育的三叠纪-早侏罗世增生杂岩带作为统一的构造单元来考虑,结合该区发育有典型的高压变质带,因此命名为“吉林-黑龙江高压变质带,简称吉黑高压带”.吉黑高压带形成于太平洋板块三叠纪-早侏罗世的西向俯冲导致佳木斯-兴凯地块自东向西的“剪刀式”闭合的过程,同时该带记录了古亚洲构造域的结束和太平洋俯冲开始的关键时期,为两大构造域叠加与转换的关键性地质证据. 相似文献
18.
通过对北大港构造带东翼对油气运聚影响较大的华北期(52~23.5 Ma)进行应力场模拟,结果表明,华北期构造运动的最大主压应力方向为近ESE向。华北期构造运动在北大港构造带东翼的构造剪应力值分布在18~42 MPa,大多分布在22~32 MPa,而在22~25 MPa间有较明显的梯度带,塑性变形后应力释放处,为构造裂缝发育区带。构造裂缝发育区NEE向的断层与华北期构造应力方向之间的夹角较小,开启性较好,有可能成为油气运移和聚集部位,但是也有可能成为油气散失的部位。结合现今构造应力场的模拟结果,综合分析认为构造剪应力值在22~25 MPa的构造发育区带内的ESE向的裂缝发育区带可能形成较好的油气藏,而ENE向的裂缝发育带则易成为现代油气散失的部位。 相似文献
19.
三江构造带新生代变形构造的时-空变化:研究综述及新数据 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
在印度-欧亚陆陆碰撞造山过程中,位于青藏高原东南部、喜玛拉雅东构造结东侧的西南三江地区在新生代经历了强烈变形,形成了复杂的构造样式。构造样式的时空变化可以有效限定印度-欧亚陆陆碰撞过程,而近年发表的大量数据为揭示三江构造带新生代构造样式时空变化提供了可能。通过综合前人研究数据,结合本文的新观察,提出三江构造带不同构造部位的变形特点显示规律性变化:处于碰撞前缘位置的腾冲、保山地块在印度地块向北迁移过程中最早(50~45Ma)与印度大陆发生碰撞,在挤压作用下形成褶皱+逆断层组合,以及块体边界压扭性剪切变形;随着印度地块持续向北运动,该变形样式逐渐向东、北部扩展,并使兰坪-思茅地块、扬子地块西缘剑川盆地沉积环境发生改变,地块两侧发生剪切变形;其中兰坪-思茅地块东侧(30Ma)剪切带的启动时间晚于西侧(34Ma)。地块两侧剪切带均大致经历了纯剪(挤压)-简单剪切(走滑)-纯剪(伸展)变形历史;剪切带各阶段变形的启动时间均具有南早北晚之特点。发生塑性变形的下地壳物质的剥露过程同样表现出时空不均匀性,结合古地磁研究成果,这种现象可能与地块内部的不均匀旋转有关。各剪切带最北端不但变形启动时间最晚,而且基本没有记录走滑变形。这种变形样式的时空变化表明,印度与欧亚大陆的碰撞变形效应在三江构造带内主要表现为陆块内部的弥散状挤压变形与块体刚性旋转形成的剪切带,块体向南逃逸规模较小。 相似文献
20.
Jurassic Tectonics of North China: A Synthetic View 总被引：21，自引：1，他引：20
This paper gives a synthetic view on the Jurassic tectonics of North China, with an attempt to propose a framework for the stepwise tectonic evolution history. Jurassic sedimentation, deformation and magmatism in North China have been divided into three stages. The earliest Jurassic is marked by a period of magmatism quiescence （in 205-190 Ma） and regional uplift, which are considered to be the continuation of the “Indosinian movement” characterized by continent-continent collision between the North and South China blocks. The Early to Middle Jurassic （in 190-170 Ma） was predominated by weak lithospheric extension expressed by mantle-derived plutonism and volcanism along the Yanshan belt and alongside the Tan-Lu fault zone, normal faulting and graben formation along the Yinshan- Yanshan tectonic belt, depression and resuming of coal-bearing sedimentation in vast regions of the North China block （NCB）. The Middle to Late Jurassic stage started at 165y.5 Ma and ended up before 136 Ma; it was dominated by intensive intraplate deformation resulting from multi-directional compressions. Two major deformation events have been identified. One is marked by stratigraphic unconformity beneath the thick Upper Jurassic molasic series in the foreland zones of the western Ordos thrust-fold belt and along the Yinshan-Yanshan belt; it was predated 160 Ma. The other one is indicated by stratigraphic unconformity at the base of the Lower Cretaceous and predated 135 Ma. During this last stage, two latitudinal tectonic belts, the Yinshan-Yanshan belt in the north and the Qinling-Dabie belt in the south, and the western margin of the Ordos basin were all activated by thrusting; the NCB itself was deformed by the NE to NNE-trending structural system involving thrusting, associated folding and sinistral strike-slip faulting, which were spatially partitioned. Foliated S-type granitic plutons aged 160-150 Ma were massively emplaced in the Jiao-Liao massif east of the Tan-Lu fault zone and indicate important crustal thicken 相似文献