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本文使用Landsat-8影像、Sentinel-2影像、高分6号影像和ASTER GDEM数据等多源遥感数据,采用随机森林监督分类方法提取珠海淇澳岛红树林分布范围,对比不同影像数据提取红树林的精度及适用性。实验结果表明：使用三类遥感影像分别进行红树林范围提取,Sentinel-2影像提取红树林范围总体精度最高;在三类遥感影像中分别增加DEM数据、波段指数和纹理信息后,红树林范围提取精度可进一步提升;增加DEM数据后,精度提升最明显,高分6号影像增加纹理信息后,精度也有较大提升。通过对比可知,Sentinel-2影像拥有较多的光谱波段及适中的空间分辨率,是最合适的红树林范围提取数据源,而ASTER GDEM数据便于区分红树林和陆生植被,是比较好的辅助数据。通过对多源遥感影像及辅助数据提取红树林范围进行对比分析,为红树林遥感提取数据源选取及红树林提取精度提升提供了参考和借鉴。 相似文献
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针对海洋表面SAR影像的特点,采用基于灰度共生矩阵的纹理特征方法是提取海面溢油信息的常用方法,但实际海洋表面复杂的信息使得SAR图像上产生类似溢油现象的暗斑区域,这导致在利用纹理特征方法提取溢油信息时存在虚警率,降低了溢油信息的提取精度。基于RADARSAT-2 SAR四极化影像,本文提出基于SAR极化比影像的纹理特征识别方法对海面油膜进行识别提取。结果显示,基于SAR极化比影像的纹理特征识别方法可以有效且准确地提取海面溢油信息,相比于VV极化影像的纹理特征识别方法,溢油监测过程中的虚警率降低了17.96%,溢油监测总体精度达到96.83%。 相似文献
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准确提取海水筏式养殖区信息对于海洋资源管理和环境监测具有重要意义,但是筏式养殖区养殖筏因淹没于水中常出现数据弱信号区域的现象,导致仅凭光学影像提取精度较低。因此,本文以威海荣成湾为研究区域,通过添加通道注意力机制改进U-Net神经网络并结合高分2号光学影像光谱信息以及高分3号雷达影像纹理信息,尝试提高筏式养殖区提取精度。结果表明：（1）无论是对于单一的光学影像还是光学和雷达影像融合影像,添加通道注意力机制的U-Net神经网络预测结果总体精度都会提高,提高幅度在2.21%～4.12%之间。（2）利用改进后的U-Net神经网络处理融合数据,总体精度达到95.75%,相对于仅用高分2号影像的精度高4.3%;(3)对于弱信号区域,利用改进网络以及融合数据提取的总体精度和Kappa系数分别为91.61%和0.827 7。该方法可以对海洋筏式养殖区弱信号区域进行有效提取,能够为海洋养殖面积统计以及海洋环境检测提供技术支持。 相似文献
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20世纪40年代以来多时相中国大陆岸线提取方法及精度评估 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
将大陆岸线分为自然岸线、人工岸线2大类以及11个二级类,基于地形图与遥感影像,结合野外考察工作建立详细的技术规范,提取20世纪40年代以来6个时相的中国大陆海岸线;针对提取的结果,应用直接对比法计算实际误差,基于地图学和遥感信息提取的理论计算"理论最大允许误差",二者对比表明:基于多源数据提取多时相岸线的技术方案可行,多时相岸线的实际误差均远远低于"理论最大允许误差",精度较优;基于地形图提取的20世纪40年代和60年代时相岸线,精度总体上低于基于30 m分辨率遥感影像提取的多时相岸线,而且20世纪60年代时相受多源数据融合的影响而精度最低;基于环境与灾害监测预报小卫星CCD数据提取岸线,受影像畸变和几何纠正精度的影响,精度略低于基于Landsat影像提取的结果,但同样基于Landsat影像提取的岸线,新近时相的精度明显优于早期时相。本研究可为岸线变化研究以及海岸带综合管理等提供有力的支持。 相似文献
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针对卫星遥感技术在对滨海湿地互花米草监测时受分辨率、气候条件等多种因素限制存在一定局限性且通过单一的影像数据提取互花米草时精度不稳定的问题,提出了基于无人机点云与影像融合的面向对象互花米草提取方法。以黄河三角洲自然保护区为研究对象,获取了该区域的点云和多光谱影像。先将地面滤波后提取的植被点云与多光谱影像进行特征组合优化,然后对融合影像采用FNEA算法进行多尺度分割后采用基于改进的最近邻算法进行面向对象分类,最终得到的互花米草生产者精度和用户精度分别达到了82.53%和86.43%,较未融合点云的提取精度分别提高了22.34%和7.66%,分类结果的总体精度从89.54%提升至92.61%,且融合点云后影像能够有效区分两种生长状态的互花米草,表明本文提出的方法能够有效提高互花米草的提取精度。 相似文献
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引入纹理特征的多光谱遥感影像
海面油膜信息提取 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对单纯依靠光谱特征油膜提取精度低、雷达影像油膜提取易受海况条件及假目标影响的问题,提出了一种结合光
谱特征与纹理特征的多光谱遥感影像油膜信息提取方法。以2011 年6 月蓬莱19-3 油田溢油事故为研究对象,选用HJ-1 星
CCD 遥感数据,利用灰度共生矩阵获取影像纹理特征,采用SVM 模型对结合纹理特征与光谱特征的影像进行分类,提取出
研究区油膜信息,并将分类提取结果与仅依靠光谱特征的SVM 模型分类结果进行了比较。结果表明：引入纹理特征的SVM
模型分类总精度达到90.29 %,比仅依靠光谱特征的分类精度提高了12.41 %;纹理特征的参与降低了原影像噪声对分类结果
的影响,油膜边缘提取更加清晰,油膜中心呈连续面状分布,引入纹理特征的SVM 模型可有效地用于多光谱遥感影像海面
油膜信息提取。 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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Sediment properties, such as water content and density, have been used to estimate the dry and wet weights, as well as the volume of sediment recovered and discharged, during benthic impact experiments conducted in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The estimates show that the weights of dry (355-1332 t) and wet sediment (1651-4888 t) recovered during the experiments, are not only a function of the total duration and distance covered during the experiment, but also depend on water content and density of the sediment. Estimation of dry sediment and its volumetric ratio in the discharge, are key parameters for calculating the discharged volume. The estimated volume of wet sediment recovered (1427-4049 m 3 ) as well as discharged (2693-6951 m 3 ) during the experiments, provide important inputs to evaluate the sediment resettlement and migration. Using these estimates, the average depth of excavation on the seafloor, can also been calculated. However, the stages of sediment recovery and discharge are expressed differently in some of the experiments. In order to standardize these, different stages have been identified, and definitions of certain terms have been suggested, for use in the future. The methods of calculating different properties, as well as weight and volume of discharged sediment are described in the paper for use in other applications concerning deep-sea discharges. 相似文献
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A vertically integrated model has been used to study the tidal circulation and currents in the Gulf of Kachchh along the west coast of India. The model is fully nonlinear and uses a semiexplicit finite difference scheme to solve the basic hydrodynamic equations on a staggered grid. The model is forced by prescribing the tides along the open boundary of the model domain. The flow is simulated both with and without the presence of the proposed tidal barrage across the Hansthal Creek in the Gulf of Kachchh. The results show a considerable change in the behavior of the tidal flow in the presence of the barrage. 相似文献
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利用中国GF-3卫星SAR和HY-2A卫星微波散射计的首次台风联合定量观测 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
<正>The typhoon,as a mature tropical cyclone that develops in the western part of the North Pacific Ocean with high wind speed and heavy rainfall,is one of the most lethal and costly of natural disasters for the densely populated countries of East Asia.It can be easily detected by space-borne sensors operated at microwave,visible or infrared bands(Liu et al.,2014).Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)is 相似文献
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Soil core samples fromRhizophora mangleL. andAvicennia schauerianaStapf & Leech forests from south-eastern Brazil were analysed for their total organic matter content and their sugars, amino acid and amino sugars composition. Organic carbon and nitrogen contents were higher inAvicenniathan inRhizophorasoils. The contribution of sugars and amino acids to the total organic carbon pool was constant with depth inRhizophorasoils whereas inAvicenniasoils it increased. Spectral distribution of sugars and amino acids showed a dominance of Ca-affine monomers, particularly acidic amino acids, and the sugar arabinose. Biogeochemical indicators derived from ratios of individual sugar and amino acid monomers confirm previous studies which showed that organic matter in both soils is mainly of mangrove origin. The results further suggest accumulation of organic matter inRhizophorasoils and a continuing degradation of organic matter inAvicenniasoils. The latter may thus release more nutrients to adjacent ecosystems thanRhizophorasoils. 相似文献
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《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(1):181-203
Orange roughy Hoplostethus atlanticus are unusual fish. They form dense aggregations that have fuelled lucrative fisheries at great depths (600–1 400 m), especially off Namibia, New Zealand and Australia. They are thought to be very long-lived (>100 years, maturity at 22 – 40 years), and to have exceptionally low natural mortality (M = 0.045–0.064 year?1) and slow growth rates (K = 0.055–0.070 year?1). In addition, they spawn large eggs and have low fecundity. These factors combine to make orange roughy highly susceptible to overfishing; most stocks are below 30% of pristine levels. Assessments are obtained from indices of catch rate and trawl, acoustic and egg surveys. Acoustic estimates are the most direct, but are confounded by the species' low target strength (?50 to ?53 dB)–attributable to the wax-filled swim bladder. Extracellular wax esters are stored in abundance and comprise mostly mono-unsaturated fatty acids, with low concentrations of the ω-3 fatty acid family. This unusual composition (resultant from the species' diet) ensures neutral buoyancy. Stock separation has been inferred mainly from biological studies, but genetic studies have also found differences among stocks within New Zealand and Australia. Deep-water habitat may be damaged by trawling operations and may take many years to recover, so in some quarters there is a call for a portion of suitable habitat to be set aside for preservation. Although Namibian orange roughy are shallower, smaller and younger than those in other stocks, the Namibian fishery sustained high catches for only a few years before quotas were reduced, from 12 000 to 1 875 tons. Three management lessons are suggested for developing orange roughy fisheries based on the Namibian experience: (1) imposition of catch limits during exploratory fishing; (2) starting the acoustic surveys earlier in the fishery, if possible; (3) greater reliance on trends in catch rate until a survey series has been established. 相似文献