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1.
南秦岭淅川地区上石炭统周营组有多门类化石共生 ,类为晚石炭世的标准分子 ,菊石、腕足、珊瑚、双壳、腹足类多具泥盆纪生物群特征。岩石组合、岩性特征、层序特征、沉积环境演变及构造古地理、生态的综合研究表明 ,周营组为晚石炭世沉积地层 ,其内的晚石炭世、中晚泥盆世古生物组合是在有障壁的局限滞留盆地这一特殊的古地理和生态环境下形成和发展起来的 ,是南秦岭淅川地区特有的组合 ,不具有搬运再沉积的物质条件 ,不是搬运再沉积的结果。每一次海侵 ,海水的加深和有机质的富集 ,是周营组生物群得以发生和发展的有利条件。海水的退出、咸化和相对闭塞环境下食物的缺乏 ,是生物群绝灭 ,并很好保存埋藏的主要原因。 相似文献
2.
滇西亲冈瓦纳相生物群特征及地层时代的重新厘定 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14
滇西保山地区丁家寨组及其上覆卧牛寺组,前人根据其中(虫筳)类化石定为上石炭统(马平阶),沿用至今。笔者在该区多门类化石中,见到不同时代的化石混积在一起,包括异地再沉积的早石炭世腕足类Syringothyris,石炭纪的(虫筳)类、珊瑚等。原地埋藏的腕足类有Steriochia litostyla等,并保存有完好的壳刺。厘定后的时代为Sakmarian晚期至Artinskian,它可与西藏的冈瓦纳相地层及生物群进行对比。 滇西腾冲地区空树河组及其上覆的岩子坡组,前人因其含(虫筳)Triticites,Quasifusulina等也定为上石炭统。实际上,空树河组中、上部的多门类化石(包括腕足类、苔藓虫、单体珊瑚和微古植物等),与丁家寨组相似,具有强烈的二叠纪面貌,与冈瓦纳相更为接近。厘定空树河组时代为Sakmarian—Chihsian,它与西藏的相应地层可以很好地进行对比。 相似文献
3.
贵州长顺代化石炭系中间界线的沉积相研究 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3
在碳酸盐微相的详细研究基础上，贵州长顺代化下、上石炭统剖面由下至上可分出５个主要沉积相：盆地相、开阔海陆架相、下斜坡相、中斜坡相和上斜坡相，下、上石炭统界线处于连续沉积的中斜坡相内。 相似文献
4.
东天山大南湖岛弧带石炭纪岩石地层与构造演化 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
详细的地质解剖工作表明,东天山地区大南湖岛弧带石炭纪出露4套岩石地层组合,即早石炭世小热泉子组火山岩、晚石炭世底坎儿组碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩、晚石炭世企鹅山组火山岩、晚石炭世脐山组碎屑岩夹碳酸盐岩。根据其岩石组合、岩石地球化学、生物化石、同位素资料以及彼此的产出关系,认为这4套岩石地层组合的沉积环境分别为岛弧、残余海盆、岛弧和弧后盆地。结合区域资料重塑了大南湖岛弧带晚古生代的构造格架及演化模式。早、晚石炭世的4套岩石地层组合并置体现了东天山的复杂增生过程。 相似文献
5.
J. B. Waterhouse 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(1):165-176
The New Zealand succession spans the full length of the Permian, and unlike that of most areas of the world, is almost entirely marine, with faunas ranging from Sakmarian to topmost ("Tatarian") Permian. The Lower Permian is correlated by brachiopods, bivalves and gastropods with faunas of Queensland and New South Wales, and the Upper Permian by brachiopods, an ammonoid, and fusulinids with Tethyan sequences of south and east Asia. 相似文献
6.
相对海平面变化对腕足动物群落取代的影响——以吐哈盆地北缘桃西沟上石炭统祁家沟组—奥尔土组剖面为例 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
相对海平面的升降变化引起的相对水深及相关生态条件的改变对腕足动物群具有影响。相对海平面变化的速度和幅度是引起腕足动物群面貌变化的重要因素。相对海平面的持续缓慢上升有利于腕足动物丰度的增加和分异度的提高,海平面的大幅度快速变化对腕足动物群落则是一个不利的因素,是造成腕足动物物种丰度下降、新种增加量减少乃至彻底死亡的重要原因。吐哈盆地北缘晚石炭世发育的5个腕足动物群落全部与相对海平面上升期有关。在海平面的持续缓慢上升期,腕足动物的丰度不断增加,分异度迅速提高;而在相对海平面下降期,本区陆源粗碎屑物大量注入,不适合腕足动物的生存。 相似文献
7.
西准噶尔地区广泛分布的和布克河组已被证明是洪古勒楞组的晚出异名,本文在西准噶尔克拉赛勒克山原划为下石炭统"和布克河组"的碎屑岩地层中发现了丰富的动、植物化石,包括:三叶虫Phacops sp.,菊石Manticoceras sp.,腕足类Tylothyris sp.,Aulacella sp.,"Mucrospirifer"sp.,Cyrtospirifer sp.,植物Leptophloeum rhombicum,Syringodendron sp.,Knorria sp.,其时代显示为晚泥盆世。根据岩性组合特征将其厘定为上泥盆统铁列克提组,而非"和布克河组"的替代名称洪古勒楞组。通过区域地质调查工作,证明了西准噶尔玛依力山地层小区内没有洪古勒楞组的分布,其晚泥盆世地层仅由铁列克提组组成,洪古勒楞组只分布在沙尔布尔提山地层小区,两个地层小区的界线为孟布拉克北侧至谢米斯台山南坡的深大断裂。晚泥盆世两个地层小区沉积分异明显,直到早石炭世早期才进入统一的盆地演化阶段,地层小区的分区性也随之消失。 相似文献
8.
THE PERMIAN SYSTEM OF THE NUJIANG—LANCANGJIANG—JINSHAJIANG AREA, SOUTHWESTERN CHINA 相似文献
9.
The last decade has been marked by significant progress in the study of the stratigraphic ranges of the conodonts characteristic
of the Kasimovian and Gzhelian stages in shallow-water sediments of the type sections in the Moscow Basin and the deeper facies
of the South Urals. This paper discusses the history of studies of the Upper Carboniferous conodont zonation in Russia and
abroad, and proposes a refined zonal conodont scale for the Kasimovian and Gzhelian stages, which may be included, as a standard,
into the general Carboniferous scale of Russia. In this scale, the Kasimovian and Gzhelian stages correspond respectively
to six (subexcelsus, makhlinae, sagittalis, cancellosus, toretzianus, firmus) and five (simulator, vitali, virgilicus, bellus, wabaunsensis) zones. The proposed scale works for the entire East European Platform and the Urals from the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago in
the north to the Mugodzhary Mountains in the south. These regions of Russia are occupied by Upper Carboniferous marine facies.
At several levels (especially in the Gzhelian Stage), the scale reliably correlates with zones of the Missourian and Virgilian
stages in North America and also Dalaun and Mapingian stages in China. 相似文献
10.
L.N. Kailasam 《Tectonophysics》1976,36(1-3)
The peninsular shield of India is characterized by a number of intra-cratonic sedimentary basins of which the Cuddapah and Vindhyan Basins are conspicuous.The crescent-shaped Cuddapah Basin (~1400 m.y.) covering roughly 35,000 square kilometers in the southern peninsula and enclosing the Cuddapah formations (Precambrian) includes shallow marine shales, limestones, sandstones and quartzites. These sediments are overlain by the younger Kurnool formations of Vindhyan (Upper Precambrian) age in the western and northern marginal portions of the basin and are intruded by basaltic sils and dykes. The eastern margin of the basin is characterized by an overthrust with steeply folded beds, while in the remaining parts, the formations show a gentle eastward dip. Evidence for Recent epeirogenic movements is provided by geomorphic features and current seismicity.The Great Vindhyan Basin of north-central India covering more than 100,000 square kilometers encloses Vindhyan sediments including some marine shales and limestones in the lower parts and shallow-water deposits of red sandstones and shales in the upper parts. The beds are generally horizontal, but are strongly disturbed along the southern margin. There are intrusions of basaltic dykes and kimberlite pipes.The Gondwana basins (Upper Carboniferous to Jurassic) are relatively smaller cratonic units in Archaean faulted troughs.Gravity and magnetic investigations, both regional and detailed, supplemented by deep seismic sounding profiles in the Cuddapah Basin have brought out the deep structural features of the basin, including the Moho, indicating a total thickness of generally 5–8 km with a maximum thickness of sediments of nearly 12 km in the eastern part. The beds show both a layered structure in the horizontal and block structure in the vertical, disturbed by a low-angle thrust fault on the eastern margin. In the Vindhyan Basin, the gravity and magnetic data indicate about 5000 m of sediments in the central portions, with major, roughly faults over the western and southern margins.The deep structural features of these intra-cratonic basins, as indicated by the geophysical results, are discussed in relation to the geological theories proposed for their genesis and development. 相似文献
11.
河南商城—固始地区石炭系沉积环境及其构造意义 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
根据沉积相分析,同时综合分析区域地质资料,笔者提出河南商城－固始地区石炭系及安徽金寨地区梅山群为典型前陆磨拉石含煤建造,其沉积相主要为滨海、潮坪、泻湖、局限台地及砾质辫状河－冲积扇相,代表了统一的石炭纪一二叠纪合肥弧后前陆盆地的南部边缘相,说明大别地块（北大别弧）于早古生代晚期－晚古生代早期即与华北板块碰扪结成一体。 相似文献
12.
详细介绍了我国石炭纪三叶虫属的地层分布情况 ,首次提出了我国石炭纪 9个三叶虫组合带及其与其他门类化石带的对比关系 ,并扼要地介绍了我国石炭纪 4种不同相区的三叶虫生态群落 ,对深入研究石炭系及建立全球石炭纪年代地层系统具有重要意义 相似文献
13.
P. Busquets F. Colombo N. Heredia N. Sole de Porta L.R. Rodriguez Fernandez J. Alvarez Marron 《Tectonophysics》2005,399(1-4):181
The age and tectonosedimentary environment of the Palaeozoic sediments on the Frontal Cordillera is not well known and earlier studies have been unable to satisfactorily explain the geological history of the basement of the Andes.In the vicinity of the old Castaño Viejo mine crop out various levels of partially metamorphosed microbialite limestones, which alternate with thin marly–lutitic interstrata. These levels contain abundant palynomorph remains, which allow the series to be dated as Silurian–Devonian. These data, together with the presence of warm climate fossils, lend support to the hypothesis of a major allochtony of the Chilenia Terrane (of which the Frontal Cordillera formed part), relative to the Cuyania Terrane (which included the Precordillera), prior to their amalgamation.Upper Carboniferous palynomorphs found during this study occur in association with resedimented palynomorphs and chitinozoa, of possible Devonian age. This demonstrates the equivalence of both fossiliferous series and their location within the upper part of the Upper Carboniferous Agua Negra Fm. The Silurian–Devonian elements, deformed during a phase prior to the Gondwanic orogeny, were eroded and transported to the foreland basin during the Upper Carboniferous.The palynomorph associations found in all samples correspond to the Ancistrospora palynological zone and to the Raistrickia densa–Convolutispora muriornata Biozone, which are indicative of Upper Carboniferous times. Characteristic forms such as Ancistrospora verrucosa and C. muriornata, both indicative of an Upper Carboniferous age, were found in samples from the Castaño Viejo area.Earlier interpretations of the Frontal Cordillera attributing the sedimentation to a palaeo-latitude at some distance from Gondwana, were based on the presence of Silurian–Devonian hot water stromatolithic limestones. Our results suggest that Cuyania and Chilenia were not necessarily separated by a great distance before their amalgamation. This in turn means that a large ocean was not necessarily consumed in the process. 相似文献
14.
古亚洲洋的南缘跨越我国新疆、甘肃、内蒙古、黑龙江等地.对位于中国境内的古亚洲洋构造格局及其演化的研究成果进行了详细分析和总结,并归纳出存在的主要分歧.通过分析古亚洲洋构造域地层出露情况和古生物（放射虫、腕足类和古植物）地理分布,提出了2点认识:（1）早古生代,古亚洲洋西段在中国境内的主洋盆可能位于天山地区,东段的主洋盆可能位于艾力格庙-贺根山-林西-黑河一线;晚古生代,古亚洲洋西段的主洋盆位于南天山,东段的主洋盆位于索伦-温都尔庙-西拉木伦-延吉一线.（2）古亚洲洋西段洋盆关闭的时间大概是早石炭-中二叠世,东段洋盆关闭的时间是晚二叠世;其中,北山北部和南天山西南段的洋盆延续至晚二叠世,洋盆关闭的时间可能在二叠纪末或更晚.此外,针对古亚洲洋构造域上古生界地层出露及其研究现状,提出了古生物学和地层学在未来古亚洲洋演化研究中可能发挥的作用及其具体方法. 相似文献
15.
福建宁化上石炭统类生物地层自下而上划分为4带3亚带:1)Pseudoendothyraninghuaensis带,2)Fusulina-Fusulinella带,其中包括Fusulinellahelenae-Pseudostaffellapaxadoxa亚带、Beedeinamayiensis亚带和Fusulinaquasicylindrica亚带,3)Protriticitesobsoletus带和4)Montiparusmontiparus-Quasifusulinafusiformis带。该区生物地层可与我国华南、华北和西北沉积区以及俄罗斯地台同期地层进行对比,其年代地层归属于上石炭统达拉阶至逍遥阶下部,相当于国际地层表上石炭统(宾夕法尼亚亚系)的莫斯科阶和卡西莫夫阶。 相似文献
16.
金陵山一带发现的晚石炭世纺锤虫类计有8属15种,其中新种3个,未定种3个,可称为Sphaeroschwagerina-Pseudofusulina动物群,与新疆柯坪地区康克林组Pseudoschwagerina带的下两个亚带对比。 相似文献
17.
The detailed study of sections of two boreholes drilled on the Murmansk Rise of the Barents Sea provided new data on lithology, granulometric composition of sediments, and distribution of oxides and some minerals of the heavy fraction. The biostratigraphic subdivision of Upper Quaternary sediments is based on foraminifers. The recovered glaciomarine Quaternary sediments accumulated in marine periglacial environments. Foraminiferal assemblages dominated by Retroelphidium clavatumand Cassidulina reniforme, which reflect extreme (proximal and distal) glaciomarine environments are replaced upward the section by those formed in normal marine environments. The latter are dominated by Nonion labradoricumand Melonis barleeanus. 相似文献
18.
LUISA A. REBATA-H. MURRAY K. GINGRAS† MATTI E. RÄSÄNEN MAIRA BARBERI‡ 《Sedimentology》2006,53(5):971-1013
Miocene siliciclastic sediments of the Marañón Foreland Sub‐basin in Peru record the sedimentary response to regional marine incursions into Amazonia. Contrary to previous interpretations, the Late Miocene Nauta Formation provides evidence of the last known marine incursion before the current Amazonia river basin became established. Sedimentological, ichnological and palynological data from well‐exposed outcrops along a ca 100 km road transect suggest that the Nauta Formation represents a shallow, marginal‐marine channel complex dominated by tidal channels developed in the inactive, brackish‐water portions of a delta plain. The main facies associations are: FA1 – slightly bioturbated mud‐draped trough cross‐stratified sand; FA2 – locally, pervasively bioturbated inclined heterolithic stratification (IHS); and FA3 – moderately bioturbated horizontally bedded sand–mud couplets. These identify subtidal compound dunes, tidal point bars and shallow subtidal to intertidal flats, respectively. Bi‐seasonal depositional cycles are ascribed to the abundant metre‐ to decimetre‐scale sand–mud couplets that are found mainly in the IHS association: semi‐monthly to daily tidal rhythmicity is inferred from centimetre‐ and millimetre‐scale couplets in the mud‐dominated parts of the decimetre‐scale couplets. The ichnology of the deposits is consistent with brackish depositional conditions; the presence of Laminites, a variant of Scolicia, attests to episodic normal marine conditions. Trace fossil suites are assigned to the Skolithos, Cruziana and mixed Skolithos–Cruziana ichnofacies. Pollen assemblages related to mangrove environments (e.g. Retitricolporites sp., Zonocostites sp., Psilatricolporites maculosus, Retitricolpites simplex) support a brackish‐water setting. Uplift of the Mérida Andes to the North and the consequent closure of the Proto‐Caribbean connection, and the onset of the transcontinental Amazon drainage, constrain the deposition of the Nauta sediments with around 10 to 8 Ma, probably contemporaneous to similar marine incursions identified in the Cuenca (Ecuador), Acre (Brazil) and Madre de Dios (Southern Peru) (sub)basins, and along the Chaco‐Paranan corridor across Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. 相似文献
19.
大别山北麓石炭纪盆地沉积和构造研究 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
大别山加里东构造带北麓的石炭系为残留海盆地沉积 ,分布限制在潢川—固始—肥中断裂以南和信阳—商城—金寨—舒城断裂以北 ,保存在南翼向南倒转并有逆冲推覆构造的复式向斜中 ,中部被燕山期花岗岩侵入体破坏。排除构造重复 ,石炭系总厚 >2 0 0 9m (掩盖部分未计 ) ,按岩石地层单元分 5个组 ,各组之间均为断层接触。自下而上花园墙组为以复理石为代表的深水浊积扇和具有向上变细序列的陡坡扇沉积 ;杨山组为辫状河和滨岸辫状三角洲含煤沉积 ;道人冲组为辫状河、辫状三角洲、扇三角洲及滨浅海沉积 ;胡油坊组分布最广 ,为微咸水盆地陡坡扇、浊积扇沉积 ,有特征的复理石和滑塌沉积 ;杨小庄组为碎屑海岸含煤沉积。下统和上统的界限位于道人冲组中下部厚层砾岩的底部。古水流方向以自南指向北占优势 ,物源主要来自南侧的大别山区。石炭系下统砾岩为远源硅质正砾岩 ,含大量脉石英砾石 ,母岩为岩浆热液成因 ,现已无保存 ;上统砾岩为近源陡坡环境形成的复成分、多杂基的副砾岩 ,为浊积砾岩 ,其中脉石英砾石明显减少 ,含千枚岩和沉积岩砾石 ,母岩主要来自南侧的信阳群 /佛子岭群等。复理石、滑塌、浊积砾岩的存在表明石炭系具陡坡陆缘海活动大陆边缘的沉积特征 ,并发现有少量火山岩碎屑 ,可能形成于弧后盆地。稀? 相似文献