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1.
Galuh Syahbana Indraprahasta Ben Derudder Delik Hudalah 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2019,40(2):219-238
Ever‐changing spatial divisions of labour have led to an altered integration of many developing countries into global production networks (GPNs), leading to new spaces of territorial development in these countries. Against this background, this paper examines the role of local institutional actors in co‐shaping territorial development driven by global industrial relocation. Drawing on the case of Bekasi District, Indonesia, this paper nuances the notion of ‘strategic coupling’ in specific national and local settings of developing countries. Drawing on empirical material obtained through a series of in‐depth interviews conducted between 2012 and 2016, our analysis reveals that although local institutional actors have participated in Bekasi District's territorial development processes they sometimes exhibit a hesitant and less‐than‐creative attitude in this participation. Meanwhile, non‐local actors, most notably private developers and central government agencies, tend to have a more significant leverage in these development processes at the local level, suggesting complex institutional arrangements in tying Bekasi District's assets with GPNs. 相似文献
2.
AbstractNatural resource challenges often span administrative jurisdictions and include actors and processes operating at different spatial and political scales. We applied concepts of new environmental governance to analyze Oregon’s approach to greater sage-grouse conservation. Through one in-depth case study in Lake County, we traced features of new environmental governance (cross-scale interactions, decentralization, and capacities of actors) through different governance levels. Interviews and qualitative analysis revealed that decentralization of administrative functions facilitated cross-scale interactions and relied on intermediaries, gap-filling, and perceptions of legitimacy at lower levels. State and agency guidelines steered the effort and were accompanied by financial and technical resources from multiple arenas, which increased local capacity. This study adds to the understandings of environmental governance for implementing multi-actor, multi-level conservation arrangements in resource-dependent communities. Further exploration of connections between higher levels and local contexts will reveal important, new ways to link policies with on-the-ground outcomes. 相似文献
3.
The imposition of exclusive statutory real property rights in or near pastoralists’ areas and their migration corridors permanently excludes and extinguishes pastoralist rights to mobility and access to required resources. Seasonal interactions with non-pastoralist land use actors often occur during pastoralist migrations between rangelands and highlands or dry season grazing areas. In an embedded case study in Northern Kenya, in which interviews based on semi-structured questionnaires were held with pastoralists and non-pastoralists, we investigated how non-pastoralist land use actors manage encounters with migrating pastoralists within the context of the Land Administration system. We found that the majority of non-pastoralist land use actors encounter migrating pastoralists during distinct periods. Most never allow herders access to privately owned land. A small proportion allow access and make temporary verbal or written access agreements containing provisions on grazing fees, grazing regulations and rules to protect private property. The majority of non-pastoralists are unwilling to have access arrangements formalized. We argue that land rights adjudication should identify and confer all existing land rights to all users to avoid obstruction or renegotiation for access, and recommend the inclusion of pastoralists’ access rights as real property rights in the Land Administration system. 相似文献
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中国品牌的地区分布及其影响 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
品牌是企业产品的标记,其内涵是企业和消费者之间长期形成的一种价值契约,品牌价值反映了企业的某一产品的市场地位、竞争力及其发展的优势,品牌的价值和市场成绩将直接影响企业的核心竞争力,从而影响着一个地区的经济竞争力,一个地区知名品牌的数量和质量将影响着这一地区的发展趋势,从而进一步影响着我国地区经济的格局。利用世界品牌实验室 (World Brand Lab) 推出的2004年《 中国500最具价值品牌 》中的相关品牌价值的数据,并结合各省区经济发展的基础数据,运用经济地理的空间分析方法,以省区为基本区域单元,分析了我国500强品牌的数量和品牌价值的地区差异,以及这种差异的形成原因和今后的演化趋势,并以此为基础,进一步研究了基于微观竞争主体竞争能力的区域竞争力的演变趋势,及由此可能引起的区域竞争格局的变化。 相似文献
6.
Alexandra Langford 《The Australian geographer》2019,50(4):473-491
ABSTRACTResearch on the financialisation of land and agribusiness has highlighted major shifts in agri-food systems globally. Yet these accounts tend to focus on the activities of financial actors, and few take seriously the role of farmers in negotiating investments in land and agribusiness. Farmers in the global North may be well placed to benefit from partnerships with financial investors, although little is known about the way that such partnerships are formed. Australian studies of farmer agency have been productive in examining farm family entrepreneurs and globally engaged farmers who work beyond the farm gate to organise supply chains. This paper adds to these studies by providing insights about a capitalising farm family entrepreneur, who successfully negotiated and entered into a direct equity partnership with a large foreign pension fund. Several observations are significant: the exceptional skill, time and expense required to negotiate these partnerships; the role of consultants and non-human actors in structuring them; and the spatially- and temporally divergent farm development practices that are enabled by a shift from debt to equity financing. These observations are indicative of a new adaptive strategy of family farmers to shifting financial landscapes and of emergent family, corporate, and financial farm hybridity. 相似文献
7.
基于行动者网络理论的乡村绅士化演化过程与机制解析——以广西巴马盘阳河流域为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
乡村绅士化是城乡要素双向流动背景下乡村转型与振兴的新型路径。基于对广西巴马盘阳河流域乡村绅士化现象的历时性田野调查,采用行动者网络理论解析乡村绅士化演化的过程、类型与机制。研究表明：在巴马盘阳河流域乡村人类行动者与非人类行动者、“草根”行动者与机构行动者共同缔结的行动者网络的转换过程中,伴随关键行动者从“候鸟人”先锋、屯社精英向地方政府、投资开发商的更替,乡村绅士化路径从“草根”绅士化向机构绅士化演替,乡村产业从接待“候鸟人”、发展旅游转向大健康产业融合发展,乡村绅士化类型从单一的舒适移民绅士化向舒适移民、旅游和地产共构的“一地多类”绅士化演化。关键行动者更替及其功能角色转换、绅士化路径变迁和主导产业更替与融合发展、宏观乡村发展制度与地域自然人文环境共同作用于乡村绅士化的阶段演替与类型共生。行动者网络理论与方法利于呈现乡村绅士化的阶段演替脉络与共生演化特征,并揭示乡村绅士演化的一般机制与地域机制。 相似文献
8.
Petr Pavlínek 《The Professional geographer》1998,50(1):71-85
This paper evaluates foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Czech Republic and its regional development consequences after the collapse of state socialism. Two types of FDIs are identified: cross border export-oriented investments and market capture investments. The cross border export-oriented investments exploit low cost labor in the service of external markets and are typically concentrated in peripheral areas, mostly along the former West German border. This type of FDI is not likely to contribute to durable regional economies. The market capture investments involve both servicing the Czech market and integrating activities within a larger, multinational corporate network. This type of investment may create more durable sources of regional economic activity. A case study of the Volkswagen/Skoda joint venture is used to examine market capture investments and their consequences for regional development. This paper is based on interviews with plant managers and trade union leaders in companies with foreign investment, governmental officials at the various ministries and state agencies dealing with FDI, and information and data from the secondary sources. 相似文献
9.
新疆小城镇经济发展的投资趋向与重点研究 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
在分析国内外小城镇投资情况的基础上,重点对新疆146个小城镇投资情况进行了汇总、分析及典型调查研究,分析了新疆大部分小城镇的投资效益,指出了小城镇建设存在的问题。在此基础上提出了未来5年新疆小城镇经济发展投资的总体思路：以国家和自治区财政资金为引导资金,以市场为导向,结合小城镇各自的实际,吸引民间投资、银行贷款、国外投资等各种社会资金来促进小城镇产业的发展,形成新疆干旱区绿洲环境条件下具有地方民族特色的小城镇经济发展投资模式。并首次提出农、林、水、牧业投资与小城镇建设相结合的农业资金使用方法。 相似文献
10.
This paper examines prevailing wisdoms on the topic of poverty–environmental interactions, problematizes some standard assumptions and interrogates the geographical literature on the subject. Dominant development discourse has tended to blame the poor for environmental degradation, ignoring the role of other processes and actors at various scales in causing environmental degradation. We examine how definitions of poverty, institutional arrangements, conventional economic models and assumed feedback loops may influence our understanding of poverty–environment interactions. The article gives particular attention to the political ecology approach as a lens through which this dynamic may be understood. Recent work in political ecology has broadened views of poverty–environment interactions by focusing on issues of power, scale and discourse in influencing outcomes and policies. 相似文献
11.
Maria Tysiachniouk Laura A. Henry Machiel Lamers Jan P. M. van Tatenhove 《社会与自然资源》2018,31(5):556-579
ABSTRACTHow can indigenous communities in illiberal regimes benefit from oil production? This paper compares the experience of two indigenous peoples in the Russian Arctic, the Nenets and the Komi-Izhemtsi, in their quest for environmental protection and the development of benefit-sharing arrangements with Lukoil, a Russian oil company. The Nenets people, recognized by the Russian state as indigenous, are marginalized political actors who identified a route to receiving compensation for loss of land and damage to the environment as well as economic benefits under the auspices of Russian law and Lukoil’s corporate policies. In contrast, the Komi-Izhemtsi, despite indigenous status in global institutions including the United Nations and the Arctic Council, are unrecognized as indigenous domestically and initially received no compensation. Their path to benefit sharing was more challenging as they partnered with local nongovernmental organizations and global environmentalists to pressure Lukoil to sign a benefit-sharing agreement. Ultimately, the comparison illustrates how transnational partnerships can empower indigenous people to gain benefits from natural resource exploitation even in illiberal political systems. 相似文献
12.
跨国公司在开发区的投资模式及区域影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
跨国公司主导的全球化力量是影响地区发展的重要因素。本研究以跨国公司在我国开发区的投资为例,分析了跨国公司全球生产体系与地方生产体系链接的过程与方式。文中将其概括为滚动式、结盟式、跟随式等三种模式。不同的投资模式对地区经济发展的影响程度不同。总体而言,跨国公司通过在中国开发区的投资强化了其全球生产网络,但与地方生产体系的联系有待于强化。这要求地方在推动开发区发展的同时,要积极发展自己富有活力的生产体系,在更高层次上实现与跨国公司网络的对接。 相似文献
13.
《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(3):119-132
The article examines high-technology development networks in peripheral areas using the case of Northern Finland (as defined by the EU under its Structural Funds programme). Few material and social resources and long distances between key development actors are challenging for research and the development of technologies targeted at global markets. The case study concerns the regional innovation system-based Multipolis network, which brings together technology-related actors in Northern Finland, located on both sides of the Arctic Circle, in an area of c.155,000 km2 and with a population of 0.7 million. The results of the research, which used Q-methodology, reveal that networking is needed between technology development actors in the region and at various spatial levels. However, conflicting viewpoints on the development of Northern Finland exist, and indicate a mismatch between competitiveness policies to support high-technology development and regional policies to promote local employment. It is recommended that more attention should be paid to the governance of technology development in peripheral areas. 相似文献
14.
Regional development has evolved in response to shifting local and global priorities. These shifts have transformed both the way we think about regions, their role and how that shapes the outcomes and benefits that might occur from engaging in regional development. Key debates centre around the ability (or desirability) of regional development interventions to unsettle path dependence and “lock‐in” created by past approaches and to create opportunities for alternative development futures and to provide choices between sectoral‐based investments to support economic activity in contrast to a more place‐based approach to regional development. This paper overviews the dynamic nature of regional development to offer reasons for its recent resurgence by highlighting the key debates about the purpose and function of regions and what regional development can or should do. We then discuss the New Zealand context specifically and use the first year of Provincial Growth Fund investments to reflect on how the processes, objectives and goals reflect particular interpretations of the meaning and purpose of regional development. We conclude that a strong adherence to a growth imperative has the potential to reinforce path dependencies at the expense of alternative development pathways. 相似文献
15.
Bridging organizations facilitate a range of governance processes, including cooperation and social learning, and are theorized to be a key component of robust governance systems. In this article, we use node removal simulations to test structural hypotheses of robustness in a regional water governance network in Central America. We investigate the response of network measures supporting core governance processes to the targeted removal of bridging organizations and other actors, which we compare to random and centrality-based simulations. The results indicate removing bridging organizations has a greater impact on the network than any other type of actor, suggesting bridging organizations are critical to the robustness of the governance system. Furthermore, network structures supporting cooperation may be less robust than structures facilitating social learning. We conclude with policy implications of the research findings as they relate to the exit problem in governance systems with a large presence of international development actors. 相似文献
16.
Seyed Morsal Ghavami Mohammad Taleai Theo Arentze 《International journal of geographical information science》2017,31(5):1022-1041
This research presents an intelligent planning support system based on multi-agent systems for spatial urban land use planning. The proposed system consists of two main phases: a pre-negotiation phase and an automated negotiation phase. The pre-negotiation phase involves interaction between human actors and intelligent software agents in order to elicit the actors’ social preferences. The agents employ social value orientation theory, which is rooted in social psychology, in order to model actors’ social preferences. The automated negotiation phase involves negotiation among autonomous software agents, the aim being to achieve consensus about the spatial problem on behalf of the relevant actors and using the information obtained.
This study employs a computationally effective Bayesian learning technique, along with social value orientation theory, to design socially rational intelligent agents who work on behalf of real actors. The proposed system is applied to a real world urban land use planning case study. Human actors participate in a pre-negotiation phase, and their social preferences are elicited by intelligent software agents through a number of interactions. Then, software agents come together to engage in an automated negotiation phase and eventually reach an agreement on the spatial configuration of urban land uses on behalf of the actors. The results of the study show that the proposed system is effective at performing an automated negotiation, plus that the final plan – which is the output of the automated negotiation – produces higher social utility and better spatial land use configurations for the agents. 相似文献
17.
Miroslav Šifta 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2016,116(2):147-158
This paper analyses the role of graphic symbols in local representation and in the process of local identity formation. The extent of graphic symbols utilization by local development actors in the region, its importance for image formation of the locality (municipality) from the point of view of the local development actors and an assessment of the degree of identification with the municipal emblems among the local population are evaluated, based on the results of a corresponding survey targeted at municipal representatives. Municipal emblems tend to (and also should) have a local representative function. These should emphasize local specificity, uniqueness. Municipal emblems have a potential to play the role of connecting, mediating and activating factors also on a higher as well as a local level. Municipal emblems are still not used enough and in the right way by actors of municipality representations. These are often misunderstood and deemed unimportant for local development. 相似文献
18.
Rationalizing tax increment financing in Chicago 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Benjamin F. Teresa 《Urban geography》2017,38(2):199-220
A central problem in planning is how planners can be both technical experts and political actors sensitive to the moral consequences of planning. Rationality refers to the reasons for choosing a means to achieve an end; a rationality that considers the morality of means and ends is value rationality, and one that does not is instrumental rationality. Through the case of using Tax Increment Financing (TIF) to subsidize corporate headquarters relocation in Chicago, I follow City follows planners’ struggle with TIF policy and their engagement with instrumental and value rationality within a state that exercised an entrepreneurial planning strategy. This position meant that planners were constrained from acting value-rationally to consider and then take action on questions about the moral content of TIF projects. Nonetheless, planning staff developed an instrumentally-rational planning and policy exercise, which they performed as a way to channel their value-rational concerns about the assumption that every economic development project is an unambiguously valuable goal. 相似文献
19.
本文从对外资企业调查的角度出发，力图分析影响外商在华投资地域差异性的主要因素。在探讨外商投资地域特征的基础上，从三个层次研究了外资在华分布的不平衡性对我国经济发展格局起了再次塑造作用。以优化经济发展软环境为契机，对我国未来利用外资发展区域经济提供了科学的政策和建议。 相似文献
20.
We look at the beliefs of the population in North Cameroon concerning water, fish and water spirits in the context of the construction of a dam (1979) and of a flood embankment for a rice irrigation scheme financed by the World Bank. These operations caused a drought that had severe effects on the environment and the inhabitants' economic activities. Acknowledging the new approaches within development and ecological development thinking, we emphasize that local people are part of their environment, and that the environment and people's use of the ecosystem ought to be regarded as a functional unit. Our main argument is that the success of environmental strategies requires that the unequal power relations between the different actors and agencies and the perceptions of policymakers and NGOs be analysed and examined regularly in the course of a project to test their aims and integrity. In addition, the positions of beings and cosmological entities, which in the eyes of the population are 'actors of power to be reckoned with', like the water spirit, should also be included. The hidden agendas of all actors can be as difficult as the water spirit ( Maama Waata ) itself, by which we mean that hidden agendas are equally a part of reality as is the water spirit, even if they are not visible at first. 相似文献