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1.
LIU Xin WANG Feng LIU Baojun TIAN Jingchun SHANG Ting MA Jiong ZHANG Zhongyi ZHANG Xiaolei 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(2):467-484
The sedimentary, paleogeomorphological and reservoir characteristics of the Jurassic Yan’an Formation in the southwestern Ordos Basin, northwestern China, were studied by means of casting thin sections, scanning electron microscopy, inclusion analysis and identification of low-amplitude structures. A model for reservoir formation is established, and the controlling effects of sedimentary facies, paleotopography, low-amplitude structures and formation water on oil reservoirs are revealed. There are significant differences in the sedimentary characteristics, structural morphology and paleowater characteristics between the reservoirs above the Yan 10 Member and those in the Yan 9 to Yan 7 Members. The Yan 10 Member contains fluvial sediments, whereas the Yan 9 to Yan 7 members contain delta-plain anastomosing-river deposits. The distribution of high-permeability reservoir is controlled by pre-Jurassic paleogeomorphology and sedimentary facies. Some of these facies exhibit high porosity and high permeability in a lowpermeability background. The main hydrocarbon accumulation period was the late Early Cretaceous, filling was continuous, and the charging strength altered from weak to strong and then from strong to weak. The Yan 10 reservoir is mainly controlled by the paleogeomorphology: hydrocarbons migrated upward at a high speed through the unconformity surface, and accumulated in the favorable traps formed by paleogeomorphic structural units, such as gentle slopes or channel island. Furthermore, groundwater alternation in these areas was relatively stagnant, providing good reservoir preservation conditions. The reservoirs in the Yan 9 and higher members are controlled by the sedimentary facies, lowamplitude structure and paleowater characteristics. Hydrocarbons migrated through the three-dimensional delivery system, influenced by favorable sedimentary facies and high-salinity groundwater, then accumulated in the favorable low-amplitude structural traps that formed during the hydrocarbon production period. 相似文献
2.
LI Qiming WU Guanghui PANG Xiongqi PAN Wenqin LUO Chunshu Wang Chenglin LI Xinsheng ZHOU Bo 《《地质学报》英文版》2010,84(5):1180-1194
<正>Based on comprehensive analysis of reservoir-forming conditions,the diversity of reservoir and the difference of multistage hydrocarbon charge are the key factors for the carbonate hydrocarbon accumulation of the Ordovician in the Tarim Basin.Undergone four major deposition-tectonic cycles, the Ordovician carbonate formed a stable structural framework with huge uplifts,in which are developed reservoirs of the reef-bank type and unconformity type,and resulted in multistage hydrocarbon charge and accumulation during the Caledonian,Late Hercynian and Late Himalayan. With low matrix porosity and permeability of the Ordovician carbonate,the secondary solution pores and caverns serve as the main reservoir space.The polyphase tectonic movements formed unconformity reservoirs widely distributed around the paleo-uplifts;and the reef-bank reservoir is controlled by two kinds of sedimentary facies belts,namely the steep slope and gentle slope.The unconventional carbonate pool is characterized by extensive distribution,no obvious edge water or bottom water,complicated oil/gas/water relations and severe heterogeneity controlled by reservoirs. The low porosity and low permeability reservoir together with multi-period hydrocarbon accumulation resulted in the difference and complex of the distribution and production of oil/gas/water.The distribution of hydrocarbon is controlled by the temporal-spatial relation between revolution of source rocks and paleo-uplifts.The heterogenetic carbonate reservoir and late-stage gas charge are the main factors making the oil/ gas phase complicated.The slope areas of the paleo-uplifts formed in the Paleozoic are the main carbonate exploration directions based on comprehensive evaluation.The Ordovician of the northern slope of the Tazhong uplift,Lunnan and its periphery areas are practical exploration fields.The Yengimahalla-Hanikatam and Markit slopes are the important replacement targets for carbonate exploration.Gucheng,Tadong,the deep layers of Cambrian dolomite in the Lunnan and Tazhong-Bachu areas are favorable directions for research and risk exploration. 相似文献
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含油气盆地油气藏的形成和分布受低势场控制.济阳坳陷已发现的油气藏分布特征表明: 在势场作用下, 油气只能进入到孔隙度超过某一临界值或内部势能低于周边势能2倍到100倍以上的储层内聚集成藏; 随着埋深加大和储层孔隙度变小, 圈闭聚集油气成藏的临界条件呈规律性变化, 即埋深较大的圈闭成藏时要求的相对势能较浅部储层的势差更大.动力学分析和物理模拟实验研究表明, 地表条件下储层聚集油气的前提条件是其孔喉半径大于周边围岩的两倍以上; 地下储层聚集油气的前提是它与周围介质间的毛细管力之差大于储层内部的毛细管力与上覆静水柱压力之和.圈闭内外势差越大, 它们聚集油气的饱和度越大, 聚集的油气量越多.低势控藏特征与动力学机制分析表明: 对深层来说, 只要储层的物性比周边围岩的物性好到一定程度就能成藏, 即便本身低孔低渗也能有油气聚集.通俗的说, 油气成藏没有死亡线(不考虑油藏经济价值), 这就极大地扩充了含油气盆地油气勘探的领域和深度; 对浅层来说, 高孔渗砂体周边的相对低孔渗砂体能作为有效盖层, 不一定需要有巨厚泥岩充当盖层, 这一观点的提出可以在一定程度上扩大浅层油气勘探的领域和有利区. 相似文献
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深层—超深层地质条件下,储层的孔渗物性特征和流体动力连通关系决定了油气在储层中的流动状态,这也就决定了油气运移的动力条件和聚集成藏的机理与过程。本文基于对深层—超深层碎屑岩储层结构非均质性的研究,认识深层—超深层油气运聚成藏机制和过程,总结油气多期复合成藏模式,探索深层—超深层油气分布规律。碎屑岩储层普遍存在强烈的非均质性,受到沉积结构构造及成岩作用控制,表现出空间结构性特征,在埋藏至深层—超深层的过程中经历了差异性的成岩演化和油气充注。结构非均质性储层中的油气总体向上倾方向运移,受储层中砂体分布、隔夹层结构以及连通方式的影响,油气运移路径的分布极不均匀,在储层中任何部位都可能聚集,并可能继续运移到有利圈闭中富集。在深埋过程中,多期多幕的构造变动促使深层—超深层储层中已聚集的油气向着上倾方向运移调整,或沿着断裂向上运移调整至中—深层与之相关的有效储层中运移、聚集。深层—超深层勘探具有更为广泛的目标选择,洼陷区和斜坡区都可能成为有利勘探区域。现实的深层—超深层油气勘探新领域包括：构造高点油气藏向供源方向的拓展,深层—超深层烃源由断裂调整至中深层—超深层的次生油气聚集,深层—超深层与油气源... 相似文献
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Marine carbonate reservoirs, as a focus of petroleum exploration and development in China, are involved with high exploration risk and prediction difficulty owing to high heterogeneity and diversity of reservoir beds. In the Tarim Basin, NW China, carbonate reservoirs host about 38% of the whole basin's hydrocarbon resources in a large prospecting area mainly distributed in the Cambrian and Ordovician rocks in central (Tazhong) and northern (Tabei) Tarim. Recently, a better understanding has been made of the karsted weathering crust at the top of the Lower Ordovician Yingshan Formation in the northern slope area of the Tazhong Low Rise, Central Uplift, Tarim Basin. As a new frontier of exploration, oil/gas distribution and controlling factors of carbonate reservoirs in the Yingshan Formation are not clearly understood. In this work, we investigated the reservoir beds and oil/gas properties in 13 wells in Well block ZG‐43 on the No. 10 structural belt in the Tazhong Low Rise, and studied hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics with seismic and geochemical data. The Yingshan Formation in Well block ZG‐43 is mainly composed of calcarenite, dolomitic limestone, dolomite, cryptite, as low porosity and low permeability reservoir beds, with fracture‐void porosity constituting the main reservoir pore space. Oil/gas is quasi‐layer distributed beneath the unconformity between the Yingshan and Lianglitag formations to a depth of 140 m. The oil in Well block ZG‐43 is condensate with low density, low viscosity, low sulphur, low resin, low asphaltene, and high wax. The gas is 87.3% methane, generally containing H2S. The oil/gas distribution pattern is oil in the east and gas in the west, and H2S content in the west is lower than that in the east. The controlling factors for hydrocarbon are multi‐source supply and multi‐phase charging, interstratal karstification, hydrothermal activity, structural location and sealing condition. A structural–lithological trap is the main type of oil/gas accumulation. Oil/gas distribution was clearly affected by strike–slip faults. Oil/gas with multi‐source supply and multi‐phase charging was controlled by favourable local palaeo‐highs, and affected by later karsting and hydrothermal activity, as well as gas invasion in the Himalayan (Cenozoic) period. Under the caprock of compact limestone in the third to fifth members of the Lianglitag Formation, oil/gas migrated up along the strike–slip fault planes, and moved laterally to both sides in a ‘T’ shape, and formed large‐scale quasi‐layer condensate gas reservoirs controlled by reservoir bed quality. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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低渗透砂岩油气成藏特征及其勘探启示 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
低渗透油气藏在国内外分布都非常广,占有很大的资源量和储量。低渗透砂岩具有特殊的成藏特征,主要表现在：（1）储层颗粒细、分选差、胶结物含量高,长石和岩屑含量普遍较高,成分成熟度和结构成熟度低,孔隙度、渗透率低,主要为细小孔微细喉型、微孔微喉型,裂缝相对发育,排驱压力大;（2）除了具有一般油气藏的异常高压外,低渗透砂岩油气藏还表现为异常低压,并且出现异常高压和异常低压共存;（3）油气藏内缺乏油（气）水分异,油水关系复杂,常出现油（气）水关系倒置;（4）浮力对低渗透砂岩油气运移的作用非常有限,油气运移的主要动力为异常高压等,油气的运移表现为非达西运移特征,输导体系以裂缝、相对高渗的砂体和局部不整合为主,运移距离比较短,侧向运移不强;（5）低渗透砂岩的含油（气）饱和度一般都小于60%,并且含油饱和度与孔隙度和渗透率的关系比较复杂,储量丰度比较低,主要聚集在岩性或岩性-构造复合圈闭中,受构造影响不大,油气呈大面积分布。因此,低渗透砂岩区的油气勘探应当突破传统的构造高点勘探油气的思想,在构造斜坡下倾部位或向斜区勘探油气,在勘探中注意寻找低渗透砂岩油气富集的“甜点”。
相似文献
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长春油田C区块双阳组二段是主要勘探层段,双二段划分出5个砂组,其中Ⅲ砂组和Ⅳ砂组是主要产油砂组。通过沉积特征研究,认为双二段为扇三角洲沉积。Ⅰ砂组和V砂组是扇三角洲前缘沉积,Ⅱ砂组-Ⅳ砂组为扇三角洲平原沉积,砂体的分布受沉积相带控制比较明显,砂体沿北西向展布。在明确该区地层沉积特征的基础上,开展了研究区油气藏成藏条件研究,认为大南凹陷具有供烃能力,双阳组是供烃层组,双三段暗色泥岩是区域盖层,17号断层及派生出的一系列近南北向正断层前期沟通油源、疏导油气,后期具有良好的封堵作用。C区块单井纵向上整体为油层-油水层-水层组合,上倾部位为油层,下倾部位为同层、水层。油水易于在构造圈闭范围内平衡,在-1 695 m形成统一的油水界面。双二段为一个成藏体系,整体为断块类型油气藏。低渗-中孔、低渗-低孔、特低渗-低孔储层是剩余油主要分布区,剩余油的形成受相控和构造控的影响,主要发育在河道储层中。 相似文献
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The exploration targets in the Kuqa Depression at present are mainly structure traps in Cretaceous-Tertiary. Due to the complexity of mountain distribution and reservoir forming conditions, the exploration of Jurassic in the eastern Kuqa Depression has been in a state of semi-stagnation since the discovery of the Yinan-2 gas reservoir. According to the concept and theory of “continuous petroleum reservoirs” and the re-analysis of the forming conditions of the Yinan-2 gas reservoir and regional natural gas in the eastern Kuqa Depression, it is believed that the deep Jurassic has good natural gas accumulation conditions as well as geological conditions for forming continuous tight gas reservoirs. The boundary of the Yinan-2 gas reservoir is not controlled by a structural spillpoint. The downdip part of the structure is dominated by gas, while the hanging wall of the fault is filled by water and forming obvious inverted gas and water. The gas reservoir has the normal temperature and ultra-high pressure which formed in the near source or inner-source. All of these characteristics indicate that the Yinan-2 gas reservoir is different from conventional gas reservoirs. The deep Jurassic in the eastern Kuqa Depression has multisets of source-reservoir-cap assemblages, which comprise interbedded sandstones and mudstones. These assemblages are characterized by a self-generation, self-preserving and self-coverage model. Reservoir sandstones and coal measure mudstones are interbedded with each other at a large scale. As the source rocks, Triassic-Jurassic coal measure mudstones distribute continuously at a large scale and can generate and expel hydrocarbon. Source rocks contact intimately with the overlying sandstone reservoirs. During the late stage of hydrocarbon expulsion, natural gas charged continuously and directly into the neighboring reservoirs. Petroleum migrated mainly in a vertical direction over short distances. With ultra-high pressure and strong charging intensity, natural gas accumulated continuously. Reservoirs are dominated by sandstones of braided delta facies. The sand bodies distribute continuously horizontal. With low porosity and low permeability, the reservoirs are featured by strong heterogeneity. It is hypothesized that the sandstones of the interior depression tend to be relatively tight with increasing depth and structure stress weakness. Thus, it is predicted that continuous tight gas reservoirs of ultra-high pressure may exist in the deep formations of the eastern and even the whole Kuqa Depression. So, it is worth evaluating the exploration potential. 相似文献
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Though the prospective of reserves of tight oil reservoir of Chang 4+5 member of Yanchang Formation is great in Huaqing area, Ordos Bsin, but its speed of oil exploration and development has been much restricted much by weak reservoir diagenesis research. To study the characteristics of diagenesis, diageneticfacies and physical properties of reservoir of Chang 4+5 in Huaqing area, a series of analytic techniques were used, including polarized light microscope, casting slice, scanning electron microscope, electron probe microanalysis, cathodeluminescence, micro fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, fluid inclusion, high pressure mercury, physical properties, etc. The results showed that the ferrocalcite, quartz and kaolinite cementation caused the background of low porosity and ultra low permeability reservoir of Chang 4+5 reservoir in the study area, and the diagenetic stage belonged to the “A” middle now. Chlorite film cementation and early oil accumulation effectively protected pores and limited the mechanical compaction and the cementation. The intense dissolution of feldspar could greatly improve the reservoir porosity and cause the relatively high porosity and permeability reservoir. There are mainly divided into four kinds of diagenetic facies, including chlorite cementation residual intergranular pore facies, the mechanical compaction facies, chlorite cementation and feldspathic solution facies, carbonate cementation facies. The most favorable diagenetic facies is feldspathic solution facies, which mainly distributes in the middle sandbody of the fluxoturbidite and underwater distributary channel of the main sand belt adjacent the semi-deep lake shoreline, and it is favorable to the formation of relatively high porosity and permeability reservoir, of which surface porosity is more than 6.0%, porosity is more than 16.0 %, permeability is more than 1.30×10-3μm2. Comprehensive studies have shown that the combination of sedimentation and diagenesis controls the distribution of relatively high porosity and permeability reservoir. 相似文献
10.
准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷三叠系源上砂砾岩扇—断—压三控大面积成藏模式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
准噶尔盆地玛湖富烃凹陷下三叠统百口泉组新近发现了我国首个源上大面积连续型砂砾岩油藏群,是对全球"连续型"油气藏研究的新补充,但其成藏机理和模式并不很清楚。为加强对其的理论认识,并为下步勘探提供参考,基于油气生、储、盖、圈、运、保等基础石油地质条件,并结合油气藏特征,进行了成藏条件与成藏模式的综合研究。结果表明,优质充足的下二叠统风城组碱湖油气来源、规模有效的扇三角洲前缘砂砾岩储层、多重组合的扇三角洲平原致密砾岩、泥岩和断裂封盖保存、沟通良好的高角度断裂输导体系、平缓连续的构造背景奠定了大面积连续成藏的地质基础。在此背景下,高成熟的风城组所生成油气,在切穿烃源灶和储层的高角度压扭性断裂沟通下,优先充注物性相对好的扇三角洲前缘水下河道砂岩和砂质细砾岩,并且在地层异常高压促进下,控制着油气富集程度,使得油气成藏表现为大型缓坡浅水扇三角洲沉积控制下的源上扇-断-压三控大面积"连续型"。百口泉组油气藏具有的油质轻且含气、微裂缝广泛发育,以及异常高压等,决定了砾岩储层虽总体低孔低渗,但依旧能够高产。在油源断裂沟通的斜坡区上倾方向,叠合地层异常高压以及扇三角洲前缘水下河道砂砾岩的区域是下步有利勘探方向。 相似文献
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查干凹陷下白垩统碎屑岩储层成岩演化与油气成藏 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
查干凹陷轻质低硫成熟原油的发现显示出查干凹陷良好的油气勘探前景。低成分成熟度和低结构成熟度、高岩屑含量和高填隙物含量、多填隙组分和多胶结类型是查干凹陷下白垩统碎屑岩储层的岩石学特征,碳酸盐胶结物的选择性溶蚀、火山岩呈似层状存在于地层中对下伏碎屑岩压实作用的减缓是查干凹陷特低孔特低渗储层能够形成较为发育的次生溶蚀孔隙并成为有效储层的原因,受岩性控制、有利构造环境是查干凹陷油气成藏的特点,寻找储层形成的有利沉积相带和易于成岩作用改造、发育次生溶蚀孔隙而且物性相对较好的砂体,是查干凹陷油气勘探实现突破的根本。 相似文献
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塔里木盆地塔中礁滩体大油气田成藏条件与成藏机制研究 总被引：4，自引：6，他引：4
中国海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探近年来进展很快,发现了一批大型油气田。塔中地区是塔里木盆地的重点勘探区和富油气区,奥陶系蕴藏了丰富的油气资源。奥陶系良里塔格组受塔中I号坡折带的控制发育陆棚边缘礁滩体,储层性质为低孔-特低孔、低渗灰岩储层,埋深在4500~6500m。储层的形成和分布受早期高能沉积相带、溶蚀作用和断裂作用等因素的控制,有效储层的空间展布控制了油气的分布与大面积成藏。油源对比认为,塔中良里塔格组礁滩体油气藏的原油主要来自于中上奥陶统烃源岩,并混有寒武系烃源岩成因的原油;天然气主要来自于寒武系油裂解气,沿塔中I号坡折带断裂向内充注。成藏过程分析表明,塔中地区曾存在三期主要成藏期,第一期为加里东晚期成藏,油气来自于寒武系-下奥陶统烃源岩,但早海西期的构造运动,对该期油气破坏严重,造成大范围油藏破坏。第二期成藏期是晚海西期,也是塔中地区最重要的油气充成藏期,油气来自于中上奥陶统烃源岩。第三期成藏期是晚喜山期,受库车前陆冲断影响,台盆区快速沉降,埋深急速增大,寒武系原油裂解气形成,沿深部断裂向浅部奥陶系充注,对油藏进行气洗改造,从而形成大面积分布的凝析气藏。 相似文献
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海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷苏德尔特油田兴安岭油层为典型的富火山物质的低渗致密砂岩储层。利用岩心观察、薄片鉴定、扫描电镜分析、压汞测试分析等方法,对兴安岭油层储层成岩作用及其控制下的储层质量演化过程进行了系统研究。结果表明,储层目前主要处于中成岩A期,整体经历了压实作用-早期方解石胶结作用/方沸石胶结作用-方沸石溶解/长石溶解作用/高岭石胶结作用/硅质胶结作用-晚期方解石胶结作用。兴安岭油层储层可以划分出强压实成岩相（I）、弱压实-方解石中强胶结成岩相（II）、中等压实-方沸石/长石强溶解成岩相（III）、中等压实-方沸石/长石中强溶解-高岭石强烈充填成岩相（IV）4种类型的成岩相。压实作用和早期方解石胶结作用导致储层孔隙度和渗透率降低,方沸石和长石的溶解作用有效提高储层孔隙度和渗透率,高岭石的沉淀作用导致储层渗透率大大降低。成岩相I和成岩相II储层质量最差,孔隙度和渗透率均较低,为典型的特低孔特低渗致密储层;成岩相III储层质量最好,具有较高的孔隙度和渗透率,为中孔-中低渗储层;成岩相IV储层质量中等,具有较高的孔隙度,但渗透率较低,为中孔（特）低渗储层。 相似文献
15.
古亚洲与特提斯交汇带盆地群油气资源潜力 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
古亚洲与特提斯构造交汇带盆地群发育石炭系、侏罗系(中下统)、白垩系(下统)等多套烃源岩,具有厚度大、分布广、有机质丰度高的特点.石炭系烃源岩有机质进入成熟-过成熟热演化阶段,侏罗系烃源岩有机质已进入大量生油阶段,白垩系烃源岩也处于生油高峰,具有良好的油气成藏的物质基础;区内储集岩发育,石炭-二叠系储集层以低孔隙度、低渗透率为特征,石炭系储集层主要为潮坪-泻湖相沉积的碎屑岩,二叠系储集层为一套河流相粗碎屑岩;侏罗-白垩系储集层物性相对较好,以中孔、中渗,或中孔、高渗为特征,为以河流-三角洲沉积砂体;在石炭-二叠系、中新生代地层中均见到了不同级别的油气显示或获工业油流.存在3种不同的生储盖组合,即①自生自储式组合.②下生上储的间隔式组合.③潜山型组合.预测油气资源量36.85亿t,目前已发现的油气储量仅为1亿t,具较大的勘探潜力. 相似文献
16.
辽河西部凹陷油气资源非常丰富,通过对己勘探发现的773个油气藏的地质特征参数统计认为,西部凹陷油气藏类型非常丰富,但主要以构造和岩性油气藏为主,且复合油气藏发育,统计表明,近90%的油气藏与断裂有关。油气藏类型受构造带控制作用明显,缓坡带最要以背斜、岩性构造油气藏为主,中央背斜带背斜断块油气藏较为发育,而陡坡带则多为岩性油气藏。沉积相带控油气作用明显,油气藏主要分布在扇三角洲、三角洲和浊积扇相。油气资源在空间上遵循“油气总量平衡模式”,无论在平面上还是层位上,油气资源互补特征性强。研究认为西部凹陷具有生烃洼陷、断裂、异常压力、沉积相带联合控藏的特点。首先沙三段、沙四段有效烃源岩大量发育,资源量极为丰富,为西部凹陷油气富集提供了物质保证,油气藏分布主要受生烃洼陷控制;各组段砂体叠合连片,平面展布连续,具较好的储集能力,也为油气的侧向运移提供的条件;另外东营末期因走滑引起的大量泄压断裂发育,为油气大规模远距离垂向运移提供了可能。 相似文献
17.
致密砂岩气藏是我国非常规油气资源的重要组成,其储层非均质性严重影响了致密气成藏和甜点区优选,进而制约了气田高效开发。为进一步揭示储层非均质性成因及对致密气成藏的影响,选取鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田西南部山1段和盒8段致密储层为例,通过岩芯观察、扫描电镜、薄片鉴定、生产和测井分析等技术手段,研究储层非均质特征,探讨沉积作用和微观孔隙演化对非均质性和成藏的影响。结果表明,储层非均质性多表现为层内粒度的垂向韵律性、夹层的不均匀分布、渗透率的平面分布差异等;储层非均质性受沉积作用和成岩作用共同影响,沉积作用控制了水动力条件、砂体展布、厚度和砂体构型,储层微观非均质性受岩矿组构和孔隙演化影响;不同厚度和构型的复合砂体,多样的矿物组分、孔隙结构,致密气的选择性充注,共同造成了苏里格地区致密储层的非均质性及含气性差异。复合砂体的高孔渗部位是致密气开采的甜点区,但是在优选有利区时不应只关注这些厚层的高孔渗砂体,也应关注规模小、非均质性稍强的透镜状砂体,需要充分考虑到储层非均质性对致密气成藏的影响。 相似文献
18.
沉积盆地超压系统演化与深层油气成藏条件 总被引：31，自引：2，他引：31
晚期成藏是大中型油气田形成的重要特征。从晚期成藏的观点出发，深层油气藏的形成需要盆地深层发育仍处于有利生，排烃阶段的源岩，具有较高孔隙度，渗透率的深部储层，以及有利的储层－盖层能量配置，在超压盆地中，超压对生烃的抑制作用使常压盆地中已过成熟的源岩保持在有利的生，排烃阶段，从而为深层油气成藏提供较好的烃源条件，超压条件下低有效应力引起的机械压实程度减弱，流体流动性减弱引起的化学胶结作用减缓及有机酸对矿物的溶解作用使深埋超压储层保持较高的孔隙度和渗透率。然而，由于超压引起的地层天然水力破裂和流体穿层运移。超压环境深部油气藏的形成和保存需要有效的储层－盖层能量配置。 相似文献
19.
中国非常规油气的战略思考 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文基于非常规油气的内涵,分析了致密砂岩油气和泥页岩油气的成藏地质条件,论述了非常规油气资源潜力巨大,指明中国非常规油气资源战略发展方向。研究表明,中国非常规油气藏是富集在近源储集体或烃源岩的低孔、低渗的微米级纳米级的储集空间中连续油气聚集,淡化了圈闭、油气藏边界的概念。依据成藏地质条件和油气资源潜力的差异,非常规油气藏主要指致密砂岩油气和泥页岩油气藏。致密砂岩油气藏多位于斜坡、坳陷区,具有广覆式有效烃源岩;源、储关联密切,多呈互层式;油气运移距离短,以非达西渗流为主;储集体渗透率、孔隙度极低。泥页岩油气藏圈闭概念淡化,典型的储源一体;多形成于盆地坳陷或斜坡区,泥页岩大面积连续分布;有机质丰度大,热演化成熟度高;多发育纹层结构,纳米级孔隙、裂缝储集系统;储集层脆性系数大,地层压力高。烃源岩呈现多时代、多层系、多沉积环境特征,从震旦系到第三系均有富含有机质的烃源岩发育,沉积环境囊括陆相海、陆交互相海相,非常规油气资源潜力巨大。常规与非常规油气在时、空域的紧密伴生和规律聚集,使得常规非常规油气在平面上和纵向上形成“有序聚集”体系。对“有序聚集”的不同类油气藏进行“整一化勘探、整一化部署、整一化开采”,实现常规非常规油气整一化科学有序开发,避免整体油气资源的破坏和遗漏;从而丰富油气地质理论,促进油气勘探由“点带面”向综合有序三维空间迈进。 相似文献
20.
鄂尔多斯盆地镇北地区延长组长4+5致密油层成岩作用及成岩相 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
鄂尔多斯盆地镇北地区含凝灰质的延长组长4+5致密油层勘探潜力巨大,但因成岩作用研究薄弱,相对高孔高渗储层成因机理和分布规律认识不清,使该区勘探开发进程受到明显的制约。综合应用铸体薄片、扫描电镜、电子探针、阴极发光、显微荧光、X射线衍射、流体包裹体、高压压汞和常规物性等方法,对镇北地区的长4+5储层成岩作用及成岩相带进行了研究。研究结果表明:研究区长4+5储层主要处于中成岩阶段A期,石英自生加大等硅质胶结作用和铁白云石等碳酸盐胶结作用是造成储层低孔特低渗的根本原因;绿泥石膜胶结作用和早期油的充注抑制了机械压实作用和胶结作用,保护了储层孔隙;长石碎屑的溶蚀作用扩大了储集空间。划分出机械压实相、碳酸盐胶结相、绿泥石膜胶结相和长石溶蚀相四类主要成岩相,其中长石溶蚀相常形成相对高孔高渗储层发育区,一般面孔率大于6.0%,孔隙度大于14.0%,渗透率大于1.30×10-3 μm2,主要分布在辫状河三角洲前缘亚相水下分流河道微相砂体中部。综合研究表明,沉积作用和成岩作用共同控制着相对高孔高渗储层的分布。 相似文献