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通过设计渗流物理模型进行室内实验,用网络并行电法技术采集渗流地电场参数,解编和计算得到视电阻率的动态响应图像,分析认为:煤层开采造成顶板岩层遭到破坏后,上覆水体通过导水裂隙带的渗流可以用视电阻率进行跟踪表达。在相同的时空背景下,随着水量的注入,低阻区的发展呈梯度状蔓延,梯度与水流方向一致。并行电法监测技术获取的视电阻率数据对于渗流场的响应是显著的。3种渗流条件下,视电阻率的变化幅度都已经达到渗流场视电阻率背景值的同一数量等级。视电阻率剖面图中,同时可以反映水的流向和到达位置。利用并行电法技术采集和处理而得到的视电阻率图像可判断煤层开采过程中顶板水情的变化,预测煤矿顶板突水危险,为矿井顶板水害的预警工作提供依据。 相似文献
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榆神府矿区煤矿水害及其防治研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
榆神府矿区煤矿浅部煤层开采临水害。矿井水主要来自萨拉乌素含水层、三门组含水层及烧变岩含水层。其中第四系含水层可形成突水溃砂灾害,烧变岩含水层最最大。本文总结了防治水害的一般技术原则。 相似文献
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矿井电法探测突水陷落柱在任楼煤矿的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
井下工作面侧帮超前探测技术是矿井直流电阻率探测新技术之一。本文阐述了该技术基本探测原理及其在陷落柱突水前探测采煤工作面内部陷落柱的应用。结果表明,该技术能探测含水导水陷落柱位置及其富水性,从而预防陷落柱突水淹井事故的发生,为煤矿井下防治水起到了重要作用。 相似文献
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高盐矿井水处理及排放是近几年影响煤炭高效开采的重要因素之一,选择开采煤层底板下深部适当的含水层,将高盐矿井水进行异位转移存储是一种值得探索的矿井水排放减量方法。以鄂尔多斯盆地X矿为例,分析认为开采煤层以下宝塔山砂岩和深层刘家沟组砂岩地层具备转移存储空间。采取压汞实验和岩石力学分析研究2组地层介质特征;采用水位自然恢复试验、压水试验和数值模拟等手段研究水文地质参数和水动力场特征。结果表明:宝塔山砂岩孔隙率为6.57%~19.89%,储水潜力大但距离开采煤层过近,转移存储矿井水可能引起底板突水威胁,现今开采阶段不考虑作为转移存储目的层;刘家沟组孔隙率为4.18%~7.49%,原始状态下渗透系数为5.31×10-6 m/d,注水压裂后为0.008 14~0.015 27 m/d,渗透能力大幅提升并可保持稳定;MODFLOW模拟结果表明,刘家沟组含水层在长期转移存储矿井水方面具备较好前景。 相似文献
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以松树头煤矿水文地质勘查为例,介绍了测井曲线在含水层解释中的应用。实例表明,自然伽马、自然电位和视电阻率三种曲线对含水层具有明显的异常反应,在含水层中,前二种曲线表现为负异常,后者表现为正异常;对于隔水层,前二种曲线则表现为正异常,而视电阻率表现为负异常。根据测井解释成果与钻孔消耗量、岩心及抽水试验资料相互印证,解释松树头煤矿ZK5-2钻孔368.30～406.42m段,从上到下依次为含水层、隔水层、含水层、隔水层四段。另外,从实例应用的三种曲线可知,视电阻率曲线对于岩石粒度及含水层具有明显的响应特征,极差高达117Ω.m。 相似文献
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煤矿顶板突水溃砂威胁矿井安全。基于煤层顶板突水溃砂区"人工假顶"再造的思路,提出了水泥-水玻璃混合液速凝封堵突水溃砂通道的技术。以鄂尔多斯盆地西缘某侏罗系煤矿上组煤开采发生的一次顶板突水溃砂事件为研究对象,提出了通过双浆并列管进行水泥和水玻璃孔口注浆、孔底混合的地面治理方案;利用三维地质模型构建技术,呈现了类"马鞍型"溃砂区空间形状特征,以及溃砂区中部向四周边缘变薄、且局部"孤峰"凸起的浆液-溃砂混合体空间形状特征;充水含水层水头动态特征、地下水流场变化特征以及瞬变电磁电阻率特征指标,综合指示突水溃砂通道实现了完全封堵。形成的堵水及评价技术在类似工程应用中具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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焦作矿区双重介质裂隙网络渗流与渗流模型研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
焦作矿区矿井水害严重,位于煤层底板下的石炭系薄层灰岩中的第八、第二层,以及奥系灰岩岩溶含水层是矿井主要充水水源。裂隙是矿区岩溶水渗流的主要通道,裂隙介质的不均匀性、各向异性、不连续性等特征非常明显,且不同规模的裂隙对岩溶水渗流的贡献不同。根据裂隙介质对岩溶水渗流所起的作用,对那些控制矿区岩溶水渗流分布且起主导渗透作用的巨型和大型裂隙建立非连续介质裂隙网络三维渗流模型;对大型和巨型裂隙之间的裂隙岩块建立连续介质渗透张量模型,两模型耦合在一起组成双重介质裂隙网络三维渗流模型。该模型能较好地刻画矿区岩溶水渗流和突水特征 相似文献
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嵊泗列岛位于舟山群岛北部,属于海上列岛,淡水匮乏,迫切需要寻找第四系古河道中赋存的淡水.根据该区的地质情况及地层岩性的物性特征,通过合理选择自然伽马、三侧向电阻率、不同极距的视电阻率及自然电位等参数来确定地层中含水层的赋存情况.勘探结果表明,由于隔水层的作用,使咸水层和淡水层的地层水得以独立存在.当自然电位受干扰,参数畸变时,用不同极距的电位电极系划分咸、淡水含水层,是一种有效的手段. 相似文献
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地下水位的上升或下降会驱动包气带中的空气流动,并与水位升降运动发生相互作用.当潜水含水层被低渗透介质覆盖时,这种水位升降与空气流的耦合现象更加明显.利用细砂盖层作为低渗透介质与厚层粗砂组合成双层结构砂柱,进行了注水和排水实验研究.在排水实验中砂柱水位面下降,包气带会形成显著真空,吸取外界大气.在注水实验中砂柱水位面抬升,包气带气压增大,空气向外流动.包气带气压随时间的变化曲线呈单峰形式,且受到细砂盖层厚度的影响.考虑砂柱饱水带的Darcy流和包气带可压缩空气的线性渗流,提出了一个描述砂柱水-气运动的简化动力学模型,通过Runge-Kutta法进行实验过程的数值模拟,重现了观测到的包气带气压变化特征.模拟结果表明,包气带气压的极值随着低渗透盖层厚度的增加而呈非线性增大趋势. 相似文献
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自然电位测井数值计算中的激励源分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为实现自然电位测井的高效正演计算,以定量研究各种因素影响,针对自然电位的激励源-偶电层的分布进行了研究。通过对自然电位产生原因及偶电层对自然电位贡献的分析,认为只有泥岩井壁、侵入带中砂泥岩界面和侵入带与原状地层分界面处的偶电层对自然电位测井值有贡献,而研究砂岩层处的自然电位异常,则仅考虑由侵入带与原状地层界面处的偶电层即可。通过直流电场与静电场的类比,推出了偶极源的面电流密度表达式,并通过计算研究了均匀介质中侵入深度的影响。结果显示,自然电位曲线形状随侵入深度增加而变得平缓,异常幅度减小。 相似文献
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Moroof O. Oloruntola Olateju O. Bayewu Ganiyu O. Mosuro Adetayo F. Folorunso Sefiu O. Ibikunle 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(5):110
A combination of vertical electrical soundings (VES), 2D electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) surveys and borehole logs were conducted at Magodo, Government Reserve Area (GRA) Phase 1, Isheri, Southwestern Nigeria, with the aim of delineating the different aquifers present and assessing the groundwater safety in the area. The Schlumberger electrode array was adopted for the VES and dipole-dipole array was used for the 2D imaging. The maximum current electrode spread (AB) was 800 m and the 2D traverse range between 280 and 350 m in the east-west direction. The thickness of impermeable layer overlying the confined aquifer was used for the vulnerability ratings of the study area. Five lithological units were delineated: the topsoil, clayey sand, unconsolidated sand which is the first aquifer, a clay stratum and the sand layer that constitutes the confined aquifer horizon. The topsoil thickness varies from 0.6 to 2.6 m, while its resistivity values vary between 55.4 and 510.6 Ω/m. The clayey sand layers have resistivity values ranging from 104.2 to 143.9 Ω/m with thickness varying between 0.6 and 14.7 m. The resistivity values of the upper sandy layer range from 120.7 to 2195.2 Ω/m and thickness varies from 3.3 to 94.0 m. The resistivity of the clay layer varies from 11.3 to 96.1 Ω/m and the thickness ranges from 29.6 to 76.1 m. The resistivity value of the confined aquifer ranges between 223 and 1197.4 Ω/m. The longitudinal conductance (0.0017–0.02 mhos) assessment of the topsoil shows that the topsoil within the study area has poor overburden protective capacity, and the compacted impermeable clay layer shows that the underlying confined aquifer is well protected from contamination and can be utilized as a source of portable groundwater in the study area. This study therefore enabled the delineation of shallow aquifers, the variation of their thicknesses and presented a basis for safety assessment of groundwater potential zones in the study area. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to assess the subsurface strata and groundwater situation of Olomoro, Nigeria using borehole logging and electrical resistivity techniques. The borehole logging consisting of resistivity and spontaneous potential logs were conducted by using the Johnson Keck logger on a drilled well in the study area. The electrical resistivity survey involving 17 vertical electrical soundings (VES) with a maximum current electrode spacing of 100 to 150 m was conducted using the Schlumberger electrode configuration. Analysis of the well cuttings revealed that the lithology of the subsurface consist of topsoil, clay, very fine sand, medium grain sand, coarse sand and very coarse sand. Results of the downhole logging also revealed that the mean electrical conductivity and the total dissolved solid of the groundwater was obtained as 390 μS/cm and 245 mg/cm3 respectively. These values are within the acceptable limit set by the Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) for drinking water. The result of the vertical electrical sounding interpreted using the computer iterative modeling revealed the presence of four to five geoelectric layers which showed a close correlation with result from the lithology and downhole logging. Results further showed that the resistivity of the subsurface aquifer ranged between 1584 and 5420 Ωm while the aquifer depths varied between 27.8 and 39.3 m. Groundwater development of the area is suggested using the depth and resistivity maps provided in this study. 相似文献
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Time-lapse resistivity investigations for imaging saltwater transport in glaciofluvial deposits 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Five intersecting resistivity sections have been measured in glaciofluvial deposits hosting an aquifer of regional importance
situated along a heavy traffic highway in Sweden. The winter salt spreading has caused a regular salinity increase through
the years. For imaging the transport of saltwater in the aquifer, the sections were measured exactly in the same location
before and after winter, and interpreted using a time-lapse inverse procedure. Some auger drilling and RCPT data were available
for correlation. After winter, the resistivity had generally decreased under the water table and increased above it. The decrease
in resistivity in the saturated zone is interpreted as a plume of more saline groundwater created by de-icing salt from the
road. The increase in the upper layer can be explained by changes in temperature and soil moisture. The study shows that time-lapse
resistivity investigations has potential for imaging hydraulic pathways in complex hydrogeological environments. 相似文献
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Bayes方法在矿井突水水源判别中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
快速有效地判别突水水源是矿井安全生产的重要保障。选取各含水层多项水质指标,应用Bayes方法建立适用于不同水质类型的矿井突水水源快速判别模型。结合SPSS软件,以淮南顾桥矿为例,并与模糊综合评判模型、神经网络模型进行分析比较。结果表明:贝叶斯多类线性判别模型能够有效地判别突水水源,比模糊综合评判有更高的准确性,与神经网络模型的判别准确率相同。Bayes多类线性判别模型又以其计算过程简单、模型结构稳定而优于神经网络模型。既提高判别准确率又提高判别速度,实现对突水水源快速有效判别。 相似文献
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KELD RØMER RASMUSSEN WERNER BAI 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1987,16(4):393-404
During a search for unpolluted resources, new wells have been drilled to a deep confined aquifer in central Jutland. Since little is known about the extent and vulnerability of the deep reservoir, geophysical logging was used to supplement hydraulic well-testing. Gamma-ray, SP and resistivity logs were recorded in the boreholes. Gamma-logs were also recorded in two cased wells. Analysis of the logs, combined with information from samples, shows an unconfined aquifer of quartz and mica sand to a depth of about 55 m at Grindsted. Below this level there is a 40 m thick aquitard with an apparent southerly dip. The aquitard is composed of interbedded sand, silt and clay. The deep confined aquifer extends from 95 to 110 m below the surface at Grindsted. Both the aquitard and the deep aquifer are provisionally dated as Early/Middle Miocene. The electrical logs discriminate well between sand, silt and clay beds. If a suitable mud is used in the well it is possible to calculate the formation water resistivities in good agreement with water samples obtained after completion. From the resistivity logs formation factors were calculated in the range 3–5 using no-invasion departure curves. The high content of heavy mineralsin the Tertiary deposits makes it impossible to obtain precise lithological information from the gamma-ray log. On the other hand this log provides clear markers for identifying the hydrogeological units in the well-bores. 相似文献
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在野外水文地质调查的基础上,采集青岛市大沽河下游咸水入侵区砂样,首先对含水介质的粒度和矿物组成进行了分析,然后通过室内砂槽模拟试验,对咸淡水驱替过程中含水介质的渗透性变化规律进行了研究。结果表明,当咸淡水相互驱替时,含水介质的渗透性会发生显著变化,这种变化主要是由于驱替液盐浓度的变化,使得伊利石、高岭石和绿泥石等非膨胀性粘土矿物经释放、迁移、絮凝和沉积,从而重新分布所引起的。含水介质渗透性的变化具有明显的非均质性,即位于距入水处不同水平距离以及不同高度处的含水介质,其渗透性变化规律有所不同。 相似文献