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1.
A detailed investigation on the location of magmatic intrusions in the Carboniferous strata of the Qinggelidi area, north‐eastern Junggar Basin, is presented based on the interpretation of gravity and magnetic data constrained by petrophysical data, seismics and surface geology. The wavelet multi‐resolution analysis based on the discrete wavelet transform is adopted to the regional‐residual separation of gravity and magnetic anomalies. A power spectrum analysis is applied to estimate the source depths corresponding to different scales. A comparative analysis on the characteristics of local gravity and magnetic anomalies improved our understanding of volcanic rock distribution in the Carboniferous strata. Generally speaking, in total 75 anomalies are recognized, among which 23 are inferred to be the responses of basalts, diabases and andesites with high density and strong magnetization. Twelve anomalies are assumed to be caused by andesites, rhyolites and volcanic breccias with medium‐low density and high magnetization. There are still five anomalies that are believed to be generated by volcanic tuffs with low density and weak magnetization. Lastly, four cross‐sections in 3D gravity and magnetic modelling are displayed to provide a more thorough image of volcanic rocks in our study area. 相似文献
2.
Pedro Del Río Antonio Casas Juan J. Villalaín Tania Mochales Ruth Soto Belén Oliva-Urcia 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2013,57(3):442-459
Outstanding potential field anomalies (gravimetric and magnetic) in the Cameros Basin (N Spain) follow a WNW-ESE trend, parallel to the geological structures resulting from Mesozoic extension and Tertiary basin inversion. The positive Bouguer gravity anomaly (15 mGal) is interpreted as the result of a strong contrast between the density of Tertiary rocks of the foreland basin and the Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks, combined with crustal thickening in the Iberian Chain with respect to the Ebro Basin. The dipolar magnetic anomaly, slightly shifted to the south with respect to the relative maximum of the Bouguer anomaly, can be interpreted as related to volcanic rocks within the basement, which are linked to Triassic rifting as witnessed by outcrops of basalts along the basin margins. An exhaustive analysis of rock properties (density, magnetic susceptibility and remanence) and basin geometry from other sources (seismic reflection profiles) allow to constrain variations in crustal thickness and the location of large-scale basement faults. 相似文献
3.
重磁场是地下地质体密度、磁性分别响应的综合,蕴涵着丰富的地质构造信息,如何将其有效地提取出来是正确认识地下结构的关键环节.本文在总结重磁场构造信息提取研究进展的基础上,将构造信息提取突破口归结为重磁场的边缘增强与检测.通过构建理论模型,对常用的边缘检测方法开展了对比试验,并以长江中下游成矿带中的铜陵矿集区为例,开展了实际资料的处理和研究.获得以下认识和结论:(1)多尺度边缘检测方法较其他方法更能准确提取模型边界,更适合于构造信息识别与提取;(2)在铜陵矿集区识别出18条断裂构造,确定了铜陵隆起的边界,断裂构造的走向主要为北东向,前人所谓"棋盘格式"断裂构造系统并不存在;(3)圈定了岩体的分布范围,在铜陵矿集区北缘,发现了2处隐伏岩体;(4)施家冲、戴家汇岩体周边是寻找矽卡岩型、斑岩型铜金矿的有利地段,铜陵隆起和繁昌火山岩盆地分界断裂两侧是寻找热液型铅锌矿和金矿的重要靶区. 相似文献
4.
二连盆地及邻区是我国油气勘探的重点区域之一,普遍认为烃源岩层主要分布在中生代地层,对其晚古生代地层的烃源岩潜力研究较少,本文对研究区内晚古生代碳酸盐岩及泥岩进行了有机地球化学实验并分析其烃源岩潜力,评价结果表明二连盆地及邻区内晚古生代地层具有一定的生烃潜力,受高成熟度的影响,剩余潜力以生气能力为主.依据研究区内电法剖面、布格重力异常特征及磁性资料认为晚古生代潜在烃源岩层具有"低电阻、高密度、弱磁性"的地球物理性质,并初步预测了二连盆地及邻区晚古生代的深度大致分布在3～5km的范围内,进一步利用优化后的小子域滤波重力异常分离技术对晚古生代地层进行了厚度预测,刻画其平面分布特征,认为研究区内的晚古生代地层具有两个分布中心,其中心区厚度范围为1000～2000m之间,与野外地质剖面的厚度基本一致,晚古生代潜在烃源岩的平面预测可以为二连盆地油气勘探工作提供新方向. 相似文献
5.
Characteristics of gravity anomalies and prediction of volcanosedimentary boron deposit distribution in the Xiongba area,Tibet 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Volcanosedimentary boron deposits are present within Tertiary lacustrine sediments and volcanic rocks in Xiongba, Tibet. Boron deposits are characterized by low density relative to country rocks; thus, it is possible to locate them by gravity measurements. We conducted a 1:50000 high-precision gravity survey in the Xiongba area, Tibet, and obtained the Bouguer and residual gravity anomalies. We analyzed fault systems and the distribution of sedimentary and volcanic rocks and their relation to the volcanosedimentary boron deposits. The processing of the gravity data revealed local gravity variations and fault structures. We applied preferential downward continuation and wavelet transform to the gravity data, and in conjunction with geological data, we predicted the distribution of volcanosedimentary boron deposits. 相似文献
6.
An ENE-WSW-trending localized basalt-diabase outcrop along the SE margin of Luk Ulo Mélange Complex has been suggested as intrusive rocks cut through the Paleogene Totogan and Karangsambung formations. However, the absolute dating of the volcanics is older than the inferred relative age of the sedimentary formations, hence the in-situ intrusion theory is less likely. A subsurface imaging should delineate the possibility of the in-situ nature of volcanic rock by looking at the continuation of the rocks to the depth. In this study, we did a subsurface imaging by electrical resistivity method. The electrical resistivity surveys were conducted at 3 (three) lines across the ENE-WSW trend of the volcanic distribution. From those three measurements, we obtained three inversion models that present the distribution of the resistivity. We could differentiate between the high resistivity of volcanic rocks and the low resistivity of the clay-dominated sediments. Instead of the deep-rooted intrusions, the geometry of the volcanic rocks is concordant with the sedimentary strata. Since we do not observe any spatial continuity of the bodies, both laterally and vertically, the volcanic rocks might be part of broken intrusive rocks. Furthermore, the size and the sporadically distributed of the rocks also indicated that they are more likely as fragments during the olistostrome deposition, transported from its original location. 相似文献
7.
在大小兴安岭进行航空磁测结果,得到了一副广泛分布着强度很大的杂乱磁场变化图景,经过对许多异常进行地面检查证实,它们都是由强磁性火山岩引起的,包括玄武岩、安山岩、流纹斑岩、粗面流纹岩等.在100米左右的飞行高度上磁异常强度最高可达5000γ,一般都有3000-4000γ,地面最大强度经常都在10000γ以上（丝悬式磁秤超格）. 相似文献
8.
Ramón Casillas Carlos Fernández Juan Ramón Colmenero Julio de la Nuez Encarnación García-Navarro M. Candelaria Martín 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2010,72(8):945-960
Deformation structures below the basal plane of gravitational slides can provide useful information about the state of stress undergone by rocks prior to the sliding process and about the triggering forces acting at each particular sliding event. In the present work we conducted a structural analysis of the rocks below the surface of the gravitational slide of Tazo (La Gomera, Canary Islands) and determined the epigenetic processes involved in the filling of the amphitheatre. We also inferred the possible triggering phenomena related to the Tazo landslide. The rocks located below the surface of the gravitational slide of Tazo -i.e., the basaltic lava flows, sills and dikes of the Lower Old Edifice and the submarine volcanic rocks, gabbros, pyroxenites and dikes of the Basal Complex of La Gomera- are strongly deformed close to this sliding surface. The lava flows and dikes of the Lower Old Edifice are folded, with fault breccias and gouges, and locally foliated, defining the sliding surface. The dikes of the Basal Complex are also folded, and the gabbros and pyroxenites are affected by a large number of small faults. In the Basal Complex, the sliding surface is defined by a foliated granular gouge. In the damage zone, the Basal Complex rocks show an incipient fracture cleavage. The sliding amphitheatre has been filled by the debris avalanche or cohesive debris flow generated within the slide, as well as by later debris flows, hyperconcentrated flows, sheet flows, and by interspersed lava flows from the Upper Old Edifice. We suggest here that the collapse of the north-western flank of the Lower Old Edifice at Tazo could in part have been triggered by continuous magma injection, associated with the emplacement of dikes in a rift zone with an ENE-WSW direction, enhanced by the mechanical weakness of the Basal Complex unit, which was affected by hydrothermal metamorphism under greenschist facies conditions and by the displacement along the Montaña de Alcalá and Guillama normal faults, which are deeply entrenched in the altered rocks of the Basal Complex. 相似文献
9.
An analysis of published and recently collected aeromagnetics in the Naires Strait region shows that short wavelength, moderate amplitude magnitic anomalies are coincident with previously mapped Precambrian Shield rocks under southeast Ellesmere Island. Similar magnetic anomalies are also observed in northwestern Greenland across Nares Strait. On Greenland the characteristic magnetic anomalies persist about 105 km beyond and northeast of the exposed Precambrian outcrops. This suggests that the Greenland Pre-Cambrian Shield structures previously shown as only occuring as far north as Inglefield Land actually extend at least 100 km further north. Correlation of the magnetic anomalies with mapped geological units suggest a 105+−10 km left lateral displacement in the boundary between the Lower Paleozoic and Precambrain terrains across Nares Strait. This, we interpret, is due to the relative motion between Greenland and Ellesmere Island during the evolution of the Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay in the Early to Mid Tertiary. 相似文献
10.
11.
Chile is a very important country that forms part of the Andean metallogenic belts. The Atacama and Domeyko fault systems in northern Chile control the tectonic–magmatic activities that migrate eastward and the types of mineral resources. In this paper, we processed and interpreted aeromagnetic data from northern Chile using reduction to pole, upward field continuation, the second derivative calculation in the vertical direction, inclination angle calculation, and analytical signal amplitude analysis. We revealed the locations and planar distribution characteristics of the regional deep faults along the NNE and NS directions. Furthermore, we observed that the major reasons for the formation of the tectonic–magmatic rocks belts were the nearly parallel deep faults distributed from west to east and multiple magmatic activities along these faults. We ascertained the locations of volcanic mechanisms and the relationships between them using these regional deep faults. We deduced the spatial distributions of the basic–intermediate, basic, and acidic igneous rocks, intrusive rocks, and sedimentary sequences. We showed the linear positive magnetic anomalies and magnetic anomaly gradient zones by slowly varying the background, negative magnetic anomaly field, which indicated the presence of strong magmatic activities in these regional deep faults; it also revealed the favorable areas of copper and polymetallic mineralization. This study provides some basic information for further research on the geology, structural characteristics, and mineral resource prospecting in northern Chile. 相似文献
12.
黄骅坳陷盆地结构及构造单元展布受深断裂及盆地基底的控制与影响,利用重磁异常可以较大范围地揭示出控制盆地构造格局的深断裂及基底结构特征.本文综合考虑研究区盆地基底的宏观磁性差异以及存在的剩磁影响,采用对磁化方向依赖性小的磁异常模量数据,研究了黄骅盆地区域横向构造转换带的展布与磁性基底结构.识别出五条NW向与优势构造走向高角度相交的区域横向构造转换带和两条呈“T” 型展布的隐伏深断裂;研究区基底具有三分性结构特征,隐伏深断裂可能为三分基底的拼合线;基底结构差异及区域横向构造转换带共同控制了黄骅盆地“南北分区,东西分带”的宏观构造格局及沉积构造单元的展布. 相似文献
13.
A large number of in-situ volcanic reservoirs have been discovered from the Meso-Cenozoic rift basin group in eastern China.Based on drilling results in combination with geological and geophysical analysis,a case study from the Early Cretaceous Xujiaweizi fault-depression shows that the formation mechanism of in-situ volcanic reservoirs is characterized by"fault-controlled body,body-controlled facies,facies-controlled reservoir,and reservoir-controlled accumulation".In other words,deep faults control the volcanic eruption type,volcanic body,and gas reservoir distribution;the volcanic body determines the spatial distribution of volcanic facies and volcanic gas reservoir size;the volcanic facies control reservoir physical properties and effective thickness of gas formation;the volcanic reservoir properties control gas reservoir type and gas productivity.The result is useful to guiding the discovery of in-situ volcanic gas reservoirs in faulted basins in both theory and practice. 相似文献
14.
Thin, discontinuous remnants of Neoproterozoic intracratonic rift-basin deposits of the Chestnut Hill Formation occur in the western New Jersey Highlands. These deposits form an important link between well-documented Iapetan rift-basins in both the northern and southern Appalachians. The close spatial relations of Chestnut Hill rocks to Paleozoic sedimentary rocks open the possibility that additional Iapetan rift-basins could be concealed beneath the rocks of the Valley and Ridge Province to the west indicating a much broader zone of rifting than has been previously proposed. The Chestnut Hill Formation is intermittently exposed along a 100 km-long band that extends northeast from Pennsylvania nearly to New York State. The lower part of the Chestnut Hill Formation is composed of interbedded lithic pebble- to boulder-conglomerate and feldspathic sandstone grading upward into interbedded phyllite, feldspathic and quartz sandstone, local paleosaprolite, quartz-pebble conglomerate, thin limestone lenses, volcanic, and volcaniclasic rocks, abundant bedded ironstone (hematite ore), and ultimately into diamictites that are interpreted as possible tilloids and containing rounded intra and extrabasinal clasts of the other lithologies. Extensive soft-sediment deformation, cross bedding, and clastic dikes are common in all but the lowest and upper facies. Banded hematite layers occur preferentially in fine-grained tuffs and tuffaceous sediments, but hematitization has affected most lithologies. Volcanic rocks consist of altered rhyolitic tuffs and lapilli tuffs that are interbedded with sediments. The Chestnut Hill Formation is interpreted to have been deposited in early alluvial, and later a complex of fluvial, lacustrine and deltaic environments. Provenance studies based upon petrographic and geochemical analysis of clastic rocks indicate that the sediments are predominantly immature and reflect derivation from local uplifted felsic basement sources in a rifted-margin tectonic setting. Low to moderate weathering of the source rocks is indicated by the geochemistry of most samples, as is the locally intense effect of hydrothermal alteration. Most occurrences of the Chestnut Hill Formation are associated with major faults that exhibit normal movement of apparent Neoproterozoic age. Rocks from the Morgan Hill fault near Easton, Pennsylvania display consistent normal shear sense and vary from low temperature S-C mylonites to breccia that contains deformed pieces of Chestnut Hill Formation. 相似文献
15.
Origin of the Gangdise (Transhimalaya) Permian arc in southern Tibet: Stratigraphic and volcanic geochemical constraints 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The well‐studied Mesozoic and Cenozoic volcanic rocks of the Gangdise Terrane, southern Tibet, are widely interpreted to have resulted from subduction of the Neotethys; however, Late Paleozoic volcanic rocks and their tectonic setting remain poorly studied. Based on new geological data, we carried out stratigraphical and geochemical analyses of Permian volcano‐stratigraphic sequences within an east–west‐trending, fault‐bounded zone of uplift in the central Gangdise Terrane. Sedimentary rocks in this area consist of platform carbonates and terrigenous clastic rocks that represent widespread shallow‐marine sedimentary basins developed around northern Gondwana. A regression or tectonic uplift event is recorded in Permian sedimentary rocks that show the local development of fluvial environments. The sedimentary succession contains evidence of two volcanic stages: a period of basaltic extrusions and younger explosive felsic magmatism. The first volcanic stage is Early and Middle Permian in age. Tholeiitic basaltic lavas are exposed around Maizhokunggar (Tangjia) and Lhunzhub in central Gangdise. The Lower Permian basalts are relatively enriched in MgO (4.58–12.19%), whereas the Middle Permian basalts are characterized by high Al2O3 contents (11.75–21.22%). Rocks of both ages are enriched in large‐ion lithophile elements (LILE) and light rare earth elements (LREE), and show pronounced negative Nb and Ta anomalies. Total REE contents and light (LREE)/heavy (HREE) ratios increased from the Early to Middle Permian. Observed variations in initial Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopes (87Sr/86Sri = 0.7013–0.7066, 207Pb/204Pbi = 15.53–15.63, and 208Pb/204Pbi = 38.04–38.64 for a given 206Pb/204Pbi; εNd = +0.69 to ?11.55) can be explained by crustal interaction with mantle sources, as is characteristic of metasomatism by slab‐derived fluids or assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) processes during magmatic evolution. The observed geochemical signatures, coupled with stratigraphic constraints, support the hypothesis that an initial arc formed during the Permian due to southward subduction of the Paleotethys, predating the well‐known Mesozoic arc preserved in the Gangdise Terrane. 相似文献
16.
徐家围子断陷的主要产气层段为营城组火山岩段地层,所以研究该地层对寻找天然气藏具有非常重要的意义.本文利用丰乐地区的高分辨率地震资料、岩石物性资料、测井资料对下白垩统营城组火山岩进行构造精细解释,火山岩地震相及岩相分析从而进行储层预测,利用均方根振幅、瞬时频率能量及瞬时吸收系数能量等地震属性分析结合地震反演技术精细刻画火山岩储层.结果认为：均方根振幅、瞬时频率能量和瞬时吸收系数能量能较好预测火山岩相和储层物性;有利储层在反演剖面上表现为中低阻抗特征,中等密度;较好储层主要分布在工区的西部与中部. 相似文献
17.
《Acta Geochimica》2021,(4)
The Northern Junggar Basin experienced extensive subduction and a complex tectono-magmatic evolution during the Late Paleozoic,resulting in a heterogeneous distribution of volcanic rocks in the Junggar Basin.In this study,the Carboniferous tectono-magmatic evolution of the northern Luliang arc was described by exploring the petrography and geochemistry of Carboniferous volcanic rocks collected from well Y-2 and outcrop WW' in the northern Luliang Uplift.The distribution,types,and formation ages of these volcanic rocks were characterized and the volcanic sequence in well Y-1 was divided into upper and lower parts according to vertical variations in selected geochemical data.Then the petrogenesis and tectonic settings of different volcanic rocks were evaluated and this was used to infer the tectonomagmatic evolution of the northern Luliang arc during the Carboniferous.The results indicate that:(1) Carboniferous high-K calc-alkali andesite-dacite associations are distributed in the west of the northern Luliang Uplift,and Lower Carboniferous calc-alkali basalt-dacite-rhyolite assemblages are preserved in its east.(2) The intermediateacid volcanic rocks in wells Y-1 and Y-2 were derived from calc-alkali basaltic magma through melting of the juvenile lower crust,and geochemical variations indicate increasing addition of slab melting in a subduction-related arc environment.The bimodal volcanic rocks from outcrop WW' were derived from lithospheric underplating of basaltic magma in an intra-arc extensional setting.(3) The closure of the eastern Keramaili Oceanic basin occurred before the Early Carboniferous,and the tectono-magmatic difference between the east and the west of the northern Luliang Uplift appeared before the Carboniferous period. 相似文献
18.
本文以松辽盆地长岭断陷达尔罕断凸带火成岩气藏预测为例,从已钻遇火成岩的钻井资料出发,结合钻井地质信息与地震资料,利用地震特殊处理技术识别火成岩.通过分析结果,研究该区的火成岩分布特征及油气成藏规律,建立判断火成岩的地球物理模式.结合本区域地质资料,预测了本区的火成岩分布,总结出适合本区火成岩构造特征的火成岩气藏识别技术,包括火成岩测井识别技术、火成岩地震剖面反射特征识别技术、火成岩地震相识别技术和地震反演技术等来预测火成岩的空间展布规律,了解火成岩与构造的关系.进而识别火成岩圈闭,总结断陷层系油气成藏组合,为在本区寻找火成岩气藏提供系统分析方法. 相似文献
19.
DSO(Direct Shipping Ore,直运块矿)是一种高品位的富铁矿.在加拿大拉布拉多(Labrador)地槽谢菲尔威利(Schefferville)铁矿成矿带,含铁建造苏克曼(Sokoman)组地层全铁含量低、具高密度、强磁性,能够引起高重力异常与高磁异常;而风化淋滤后富集的赤铁矿和针铁矿等(也称DSO)全铁含量高,具高密度、无磁性,仅能够引起高重力异常.采用一般的滤波方法不能提取DSO的重、磁异常.本文采用基于泊松(Poisson)公式的磁场换算磁源重力异常(pseudo-gravity anomaly)方法,由磁场换算磁源重力异常,再与实测重力异常对比,得到纯粹由高密度、无磁性的DSO产生的剩余重力异常,对剩余重力异常采用密度成像与2.5D反演方法解释DSO.泊松公式虽然提出时间很长,但迄今为止仅仅用在资料解释中的定性分析,本文推导并实现了密度磁性非均匀条件下经典泊松公式的形式与实现过程,提出了多尺度窗口滑动线性回归修正的磁场换算磁源重力异常方法,使该公式的数学原理能够对重、磁异常的反演解释定量化.最后本文将多尺度窗口滑动线性回归修正的换算磁源重力异常方法用于加拿大拉布拉多地槽谢菲尔威利铁矿成矿带铁矿勘探,较好地解决了寻找高密度、无磁性DSO的问题. 相似文献
20.
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF VOLCANIC ROCKS STRUCTURE AND LITHOFACIES OF DALIUCHONG VOLCANO IN THE TENGCHONG VOLCANIC FIELD,YUNNAN PROVINCE 
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下载免费PDF全文 A set of grey-purple layered volcanic rocks are found widely distributed from the mountain flank to the main peak of Daliuchong volcano, but it's difficult to identify whether they are volcaniclastic rock or lava rock just by field investigation and the crystal structure observation under microscope. The study of matrix microstructure of the volcanic rocks can help to identify the volcanic facies. We recognize the eruptive facies rocks through observation of the matrix microstructure and pore shape with comparison to those of the volcanic vent facies, extrusive facies and effusive facies rocks under microscope, thus the mentioned layered volcanic rocks could be named as dacitic crystal fragment tuff. Combining the joint work of field investigation, systematic sampling, chemical analyzing and microscopic observation, we summary the Daliuchong volcanic facies as follows:1. The effusive facies lava constitutes the base of Daliuchong volcano and was produced by early eruption.2. The explosive facies is composed of dacite crystal fragment welded tuff and volcanic breccia and mainly distributes on the W, S and NE flank of the volcanic cone.3. The volcanic conduit with its diameter more than one hundred meters is located about 100 meters south of the main peak of the Daliuchong volcano.4. The extrusive facies rock is only exposed near the peak of Daliuchong volcano.Therefore, the volcanism of Daliuchong volcano can be speculated as:Large-scale lava overflowing occurred in the early eruption period; then explosive eruptions happened; at last, the volcanisms ceased marked with magma extrusion as lava dome and plug. 相似文献