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地南空间信息系统是地质空间信息管理及分析处理的工具。本文提出了一个基于分布式系统的地人间信息系统的框架模型,包括三维空间数据生成和管理,模型化数据对象管理及多媒体数据存储查询,模糊处理,专家系统等功能。 相似文献
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基于GIS的滑坡监测信息管理与分析系统 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
滑坡监测的信息量非常庞大,而传统的滑坡监测信息管理系统都是基于关系型数据库的管理、查询和分析,处理空间信息就显得力不从心。采用MO（Map Objects）集成开发的基于GIS的滑坡监测信息管理与分析系统,把滑坡的空间信息和监测信息通过GIS技术联系起来,实现系统管理、快速查询和多种可视化分析。系统不依赖任何GIS平台,可独立运行,并可根据具体的滑坡和监测项目定制,保证了系统的通用性,为滑坡灾害研究提供了系统的工具。介绍了该系统的结构设计和实现方法,并以三峡库区泄滩滑坡为例,介绍了该系统的应用。 相似文献
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地理信息系统的模型库研究 总被引：25，自引：1，他引：24
地理信息系统在理论上应该具有强大的空间分析功能 ,但在实际应用中由于缺少空间分析模型及其管理系统 ,严重地制约了地理信息系统强大空间分析功能的发挥。因此 ,对模型与模型库管理子系统的开发研究 ,已成为地理信息系统深入应用的关键之所在。模型库管理子系统应在独立于具体应用领域的前提下 ,对模型进行分类和维护 ,支持模型的生成、存储、查询、运行和分析应用的软件系统。文中对模型库管理子系统的概念、功能与研究内容以及模型字典进行了比较系统的论述 ,提出了模型库管理系统的设计思想与总体框架 ,并给出了模型库系统平台在郑州水资源水环境管理决策支持系统中的应用实例分析 相似文献
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D. Peptenatu Ph.D. R. D. Pintilii Ph.D. C. Draghici Ph.D. 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2011,8(4):737-746
Urban settlements of regional importance from Romania impose within the national settlements system by their ability to converge material and human flows, leading to important unbalances in the relationships between the components of territorial systems. The status they held, both in the communist period and at present, made the economic activities developed in a short time exceed the adapting ability of the other components of the territorial system, the natural environment strongly feeling the industrialisation pressure. Identifying the specificities of the environmental risk management at the level of development poles of regional importance was done by detailed analyses accomplished in Craiova, a representative town for the high concentration of economic activities strongly pressing upon the natural environment. The construction of the model of environmental risk management supposes the classifying of risks by a series of criteria, a model which constitutes a useful instrument for the decision factors. The management of unbalances from the territorial systems determined by industrialisation is one of the major preoccupations of the decision factors from Romania, in order to be aligned to the European environment standards. 相似文献
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矿山环境可持续发展决策支持系统空间数据库设计与开发 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
介绍了矿山环境决策支持系统空间数据库设计思路、构成、功能以及系统建立的主要技术环节.该数据库包括10个子空间数据库.该数据库提供信息输入、空间检索和查询、空间分析、输出功能.矿山环境决策支持决策系统空间数据库的建立将为矿山开发与环境保护协调发展提供帮助. 相似文献
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随着空间信息技术、地学信息技术和GIS等技术的飞速发展,利用QT结合OpenGEL技术建立基于3D WebGIS月球地质空间数据管理系统。该系统包含二维成果管理系统、发布系统与三维月球研究3个子系统,实现改善月球资料信息使用效率、信息化程度与多源空间数据共享。将中国探月计划所获取的月球地形地貌、岩层、土壤、资源、环境及各种相关数据资料与研究成果,以及国外包含数据、文献、报告等月球探测的研究最新成果集成在一起,建立了中国第一个月球地质空间数据管理系统。该信息系统既包含管理和服务功能,又提供面向科研、决策的信息服务与科学的分类管理、快速检索和联机查询的功能。地质空间数据管理系统具备强大的数据综合分析能力、综合管理月球地质资料与集成数据资料成果的汇总能力,将为中国探月工程提供有力的支撑。 相似文献
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LI Chunxi FU Shuixing ZHANG Shoulin Beijing Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(2):558-561
Based on the information of geology, geochemistry, geophysics and remote sensing, the GIS of multi-source information is used to evaluate Cu, W and Au mineral resources in Northern Qilian, China. As the GIS evaluation system works out in the thinking of geological prospecting, its functions include file management, graph edition, database maintenance, information inquiry and comprehensive spatial analysis as well as prospecting target prognosis. Accordingly, the GIS evaluation system can be used directly and conveniently for inquiry and analysis of visual graphs or images. 相似文献
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运用GIS技术研制石化管线管理系统 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
石化企业中运输各类原料和产品的管道种类繁多、空间关系复杂、安全管理要求高，因而需要应用GIS技术对石化管线实施信息化管理，于是研制了一个专门用于大型石化企业的管线管理系统。该系统在MAPGIS上开发，运用层次化的数据模型，包括图库管理、管网输入编辑、管网维护、WEB发布、辅助设计等多个子系统，采用了三维空间数据分析、虚拟现实、基于ASP和组件的管线信息WEB发布、断面图自动实时生成等新技术。该系统已在上海石化安装运行，并被证明稳定可靠。同时还介绍了系统的数据模型和总体结构、关键技术及应用前景。 相似文献
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隐伏矿体三维综合信息成矿预测方法 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
开展三维综合信息成矿预测,是当前隐伏矿体找矿勘探的实际需要,但目前尚缺乏系统的研究,工作方法体系仍有待深入探讨。本文提出了一套较为完善的隐伏矿体三维综合信息定量预测流程和方法。方法包括数据收集及地质数据库管理、三维地质建模及地球物理数据融合、地质特征空间分析及控矿因素提取、多维多元控矿信息融合及预测信息集构建、隐伏矿体三维定位定量预测等多方面内容。由于方法综合了地质体三维建模、多维空间分析技术、地球物理方法以及预测方法,因此可有效提高三维成矿预测的有效性和可靠程度。为验证方法的有效性,本文在宁芜盆地分别针对矿田和矿区尺度,开展了中、大比例尺的三维成矿预测实例研究,取得了较好效果。研究显示该方法体系可有效地对深部隐伏矿体进行定位定量预测,能够服务于今后的新老矿区隐伏矿体找矿勘探工作。 相似文献
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B. B. Cruz L. A. Manfré D.S. Ricci D. Brunoro L. Appolinario Jr. J. A. Quintanilha 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(12):441
Water resources availability is increasingly constrained, considering the quality and quantity available for use. There is an urgent need of recovering this availability, focusing on the planning and management process of water supply systems. One of the main threats to water resources is related to erosion effects, namely widespread pollution load and the silting of watercourses and reservoirs useful life reduction. The objective of this study was to evaluate water supply systems environmental fragility within the Paulista Macro Metropolis area and to use the results to develop environmental zone classes to orient territorial planning. The study was conducted in seven superficial water supply systems of the aforementioned region. Environmental fragility evaluation was focused on four environmental variables that represent natural vulnerability to erosion, and 2015 land cover map to delineate human influence on erosive processes. Results indicate that Tietê River water supply systems, namely Piracicaba, Capivari and Jundiaí (PCJ) and Itupararanga systems, can be considered the most fragile water supply systems in the study area. The environmental fragility map was used to derive the environmental zoning map, including conservation and priority areas, suitable regions for agriculture expansion, and areas with high needs for restoration efforts. In addition, environmental fragility framework herein can be viewed as a model with high replication potential for regional planning and management in that land cover can be manipulated to minimize environment natural vulnerability, guiding territorial occupation toward a more sustainable landscape design, which subsidizes water resources multiple uses. 相似文献
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整装勘查信息系统应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以服务整装勘查业务管理与研究、支撑整装勘查区进展与成果展示为目标,基于GIS开发了以地质、矿产地、工作程度、矿业权、物探、化探、遥感、潜力评价成果等空间数据为基础的整装勘查信息系统。以大湖塘钨(铜)多金属矿整装勘查区为例,对系统的功能进行了应用与验证。案例应用结果表明: 系统界面友好,功能齐全明了,易学习易操作,可将各类数据组合叠加浏览,提供"一张图"的数据空间展示,用户可通过在全国地图上直观地浏览各整装勘查区矿产勘查进展,建立矿产勘查进展空间分布格局,还可以借助系统完成统计分析、专题图件制作等,极大提高了整装勘查业务管理和研究的效率。 相似文献
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I. Alberico P. Petrosino G. Maglione L. Bruno F. S. Capaldo A. Dal Piaz L. Lirer S. Mazzola 《Natural Hazards》2012,64(2):1823-1854
Over the past few decades, intense urban expansion has occurred over the Campi Flegrei territorial system without considering the volcanic risk. In this active volcanic area, where a short period evacuation could be necessary, the emergency management cannot be based solely on hazard-related information. The territorial and social features must also be considered. In this framework, the main purpose of this research is to point out the seriousness of the present setting of the Campi Flegrei territorial system in case an evacuation is necessary. Following the concept of regional evacuation, the zone to be involved in emergency planning was identified as the whole of the area threatened by the volcanic events of the past 10?ka. Inside this area the spatial relation between the resident distribution and the outflows of roads, railway stations and harbours, to facilitate evacuation, was investigated. A spatial relational GIS-based procedure was used to draw the territorial system vulnerability map, depicting the zones with different capabilities to support the evacuation of residents in case of volcanic activity. Based on the concept that people could leave the dangerous area by the means of transport supplied by Civil Protection, and using the threshold value of over-crowding of 0.70 people/m2, we identified the collection areas for residents to be immediately evacuated in case of volcanic unrest, and five macrozones displaying different capabilities to cope with an emergency phase. 相似文献
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近几十年来,人类活动对淡水循环的影响已经超出了流域尺度。解决目前所面临的水资源问题,不应只着眼于流域过程,而应从更大的空间尺度——全球尺度对地球系统过程加以研究。文章总结了人类活动对全球淡水循环的影响途径,论述了水行星边界方法框架与研究进展,分析了淡水利用管理从流域尺度到全球尺度的实现方法。水行星边界方法以地球系统科学... 相似文献
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Valeri Gitis Alexander Derendyaev Pavel Metrikov Alexey Shogin 《Natural Hazards》2012,62(3):1021-1036
In this paper, we present two network geoinformation technologies. Their common major features are (1) network access to geographical information, which may be distributed over network servers or reside on the user PC, (2) modern methods of knowledge acquisition from spatial and spatio-temporal data and (3) high interactivity and clarity of visualization boosting the decision-making efficiency. The technologies are incorporated into web-GIS GeoProcessor 2.0 and GeoTime 2.0. By means of analyzing several case studies, we argue that the proposed applications are effective tools for seismic hazard research. 相似文献
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近10年来,随着信息科学和计算机技术的快速发展,地理信息系统的开发应用研究越来越广泛,地质灾害信息系统是地理信息系统在地质灾害领域的应用研究.本文在简要介绍地质灾害信息系统基本内容和功能的基础上,以重庆市丰都县地质灾害信息系统建设为例,从地质灾害空间数据库建设、空间分析模块、群测群防监测预警体系和信息管理模块等方面论述区域地质灾害信息系统建设的基本步骤和应用功能,为丰都县地质灾害信息管理的系统化和规范化提供技术支撑体系,也为其它地区的类似研究提供范例. 相似文献
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Designing an optimal multivariate geostatistical groundwater quality monitoring network using factorial kriging and genetic algorithms 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The optimal selection of monitoring wells is a major task in designing an information-effective groundwater quality monitoring network which can provide sufficient and not redundant information of monitoring variables for delineating spatial distribution or variations of monitoring variables. This study develops a design approach for an optimal multivariate geostatistical groundwater quality network by proposing a network system to identify groundwater quality spatial variations by using factorial kriging with genetic algorithm. The proposed approach is applied in designing a groundwater quality monitoring network for nine variables (EC, TDS, Cl−, Na, Ca, Mg, SO
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, Mn and Fe) in the Pingtung Plain in Taiwan. The spatial structure results show that the variograms and cross-variograms of the nine variables can be modeled in two spatial structures: a Gaussian model with ranges 28.5 km and a spherical model with 40 km for short and long spatial scale variations, respectively. Moreover, the nine variables can be grouped into two major components for both short and long scales. The proposed optimal monitoring design model successfully obtains different optimal network systems for delineating spatial variations of the nine groundwater quality variables by using 20, 25 and 30 monitoring wells in both short scale (28.5 km) and long scale (40 km). Finally, the study confirms that the proposed model can design an optimal groundwater monitoring network that not only considers multiple groundwater quality variables but also monitors variations of monitoring variables at various spatial scales in the study area. 相似文献
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Economic geography has been enriched by modern scientific methods based on the ideas of systems analysis, optimisation, and economic-mathematical simulation. A system of models proposed by the Institute of Economics and Organisation of Industrial Production (IEOIP) of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences has as its methodological basis the programme-objective approach. It is national economic criteria that are used for selection of optimum alternatives of interregional proportions, development of each region being appraised according to its contribution to development of national production. For each region, in accordance with the place occupied by it in the territorial division of labour, complex programmes are drawn up, situational analysis being used widely with different probabilities of particular events being taken into account. The system of models of the IEOIP reflects interactions of two hierarchic structures of the economy (production and territory), includes five subsystems (blocks), and covers three main echelons of national economic planning. Two blocks of spatial models are intended for optimisation of schemes of locating productive forces of the nation, particular regions, and parts thereof: territorial-production complexes (TPC), zones of complete assimilation and industrial centres. The optimisation problems of national economy spatial structure, of production and spatial structure of the economy of particular regions are solved in co-operation with national economic models, models of separate sectors and multi-sectoral complexes. The main tool for optimising spatial structure of the national economy and regions are various versions of the intersectoral interregional model and a group of models for optimising creation of TPCs. With the help of these models a series of practical problems has been solved at the IEOIP, the findings of which are a basis for some propositions relating to development of productive forces of the nation, of Siberia as a whole, of particular regions in 1975, 1990, and 2000. 相似文献