共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 653 毫秒
1.
The current low-cost global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) receiver cannot calculate satisfactory positioning results for pedestrian applications in urban areas with dense buildings due to multipath and non-line-of-sight effects. We develop a rectified positioning method using a basic three-dimensional city building model and ray-tracing simulation to mitigate the signal reflection effects. This proposed method is achieved by implementing a particle filter to distribute possible position candidates. The likelihood of each candidate is evaluated based on the similarity between the pseudorange measurement and simulated pseudorange of the candidate. Finally, the expectation of all the candidates is the rectified positioning of the proposed map method. The proposed method will serve as one sensor of an integrated system in the future. For this purpose, we successfully define a positioning accuracy based on the distribution of the candidates and their pseudorange similarity. The real data are recorded at an urban canyon environment in the Chiyoda district of Tokyo using a commercial grade u-blox GNSS receiver. Both static and dynamic tests were performed. With the aid of GLONASS and QZSS, it is shown that the proposed method can achieve a 4.4-m 1σ positioning error in the tested urban canyon area. 相似文献
2.
目前,北斗全球卫星导航系统有5颗试验卫星发射试验信号。试验卫星数据质量分析是北斗全球系统信号体制验证的重要内容。基于单测站北斗试验卫星观测数据,采用伪距相位差组合和伪距多径组合方法,初步分析了试验卫星民用信号以及Bs频点信号伪距测量噪声和多径误差。结果表明,倾斜同步轨道卫星伪距测量精度优于中轨道卫星;在各导航信号中,B2a+b信号伪距测量精度最高,具有最优的抗多径性能;B1C信号伪距测量精度最低,抗多径性能最差;Bs信号伪距测量精度较差,但优于B1C信号,且其伪距多径存在一个与高度角相关的系统误差,在高度角最大时可达0.5 m。 相似文献
3.
北斗卫星导航定位系统星座复杂、不同种类卫星高度差异较大,本文将全局性非线性最小二乘算法(Bancroft算法)应用到北斗单点定位中,Bancroft算法主要依据四维空间下的一种Lorentz内积实现,将Bancroft算法中的Lorentz内积方程写成误差方程形式,推导此方程的权,得到一种新的北斗观测值定权公式。为了验证上述定权方法,基于伪距相位差值(CC组合)组合观测值分析了北斗GEO、IGSO和MEO卫星的测距信号质量,基于多路径(MP组合)组合观测值分析了多路径效应对单点定位的影响。结果表明,新算法提高了北斗单点定位精度。 相似文献
4.
伪距多路径误差是影响GNSS导航定位精度的主要误差源之一。多路径误差与接收机周围环境有关,在实际应用中难以建立有效的多路径误差模型进行改正。对于多频GNSS接收机可以通过多频观测值组合估计伪距多路径,但该方法不适用于价格低廉的单频接收机,而导航中使用的大多数为单频接收机。因此,开展单频GNSS伪距多路径误差提取研究具有重要的工程应用价值。本文基于小波分析对单频GNSS接收机伪距多路径误差估计开展研究,首先验证了小波分析用于单频GNSS伪距多路径误差估计的可行性;其次,研究了采用不同的小波基和分解层次对多路径误差估计的影响;最后,研究了改正多路径误差对GNSS定位的影响。实验结果表明不同的小波基和分解层次对多路径误差提取效果没有明显的差别,但小波分解层次较低时定位误差分布相对更加集中,同时,经过多路径误差改正后在NEU3个方向RMS平均改善率达到20.4%、25.1%、16.4%。 相似文献
5.
We provide a comprehensive overview of pseudorange biases and their dependency on receiver front-end bandwidth and correlator design. Differences in the chip shape distortions among GNSS satellites are the cause of individual pseudorange biases. The different biases must be corrected for in a number of applications, such as positioning with mixed signals or PPP with ambiguity resolution. Current state-of-the-art is to split the pseudorange bias into a receiver- and a satellite-dependent part. As soon as different receivers with different front-end bandwidths or correlator designs are involved, the satellite biases differ between the receivers and this separation is no longer practicable. A test with a special receiver firmware, which allows tracking a satellite with a range of different correlator spacings, has been conducted with live signals as well as a signal simulator. In addition, the variability of satellite biases is assessed through zero-baseline tests with different GNSS receivers using live satellite signals. The receivers are operated with different settings for multipath mitigation, and the changes in the satellite-dependent biases depending on the receivers’ configuration are observed. 相似文献
6.
多径误差是全球卫星导航系统（global navigation satellite system,GNSS）高精度实时定位的主要误差源。由于多径效应具有时变特性且与观测环境有关,难以有效探测与剔除,尤其是动态定位领域。鉴于多径效应对于同颗卫星不同频率观测值影响不同,本文采用三频信噪比（signal-noise ratio,SNR）频率间差分数据,设计算法探测北斗对地静止卫星（geostationary orbit satellite,GEO）多径误差,并依据开阔环境SNR频间差分数据序列进行统计分析,确定其探测阈值。实验结果表明,北斗GEO卫星易受多径误差影响,传统方法难以实时有效探测,本文提出的新方法可有效探测GEO多径误差,并基于设定的阈值对其数据进行降权或剔除,可应用于GNSS数据质量控制。 相似文献
7.
We study the characteristics of the random GPS positioning errors when the pseudorange errors differ for each satellite. A concise, explicit, analytical formula is derived for the covariance of the positioning error by using singular value decomposition. It is composed of a uniform error covariance together with additional contributions from those satellites with larger pseudorange errors. The eigenvectors of the uniform error covariance define the principal directions of the 4-dimensional error ellipsoid, and the eigenvalues are the squares of the semi-axes. The additional part from individual satellites has only one eigenvector and one eigenvalue. This makes the error ellipsoid enlarge mainly along a direction related to both the overall satellite geometry and the position of the specific satellites. The theory is validated by simulating the GPS constellation and pseudorange measurements. The random positioning error is examined while any one or more pseudorange errors are increased. Horizontal positioning error distributions are presented to demonstrate the variations of the orientation and size of the error ellipses with the pseudorange error of a specific satellite. The results show that the analytical formula describes the positioning error accurately. 相似文献
8.
全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）多径信号广泛存在于城市峡谷等复杂导航定位场景中. 多径信号在干扰GNSS接收机并造成系统定位精度下降的同时,也为接收机提供了周边反射面环境信息. 在码相位延迟幅度联合跟踪算法（CADLL）实现GNSS多径信号感知和特征参数提取的基础上,设计实现了基于粒子滤波的反射面参数估计算法. 该算法可以在GNSS多径环境中增强接收机的环境感知能力,相关环境信息可应用于场景感知、避障、路径规划和定位增强等领域. 静态环境下进行GNSS多径信号采集和算法测试,实验结果表明该算法能够有效估计反射面位置参数,反射面方位角均方根误差（RMSE）小于10°,反射面俯仰角RMSE小于5°,反射面距离RMSE小于10 m. 相似文献
9.
智能手机凭借其普遍性、便携性和低成本等优势,已成为大众用户导航与位置服务的主流终端载体,其多频多系统GNSS（global navigation satellite system）观测值的开放进一步激发了手机高精度定位的研究。然而,受限于消费级GNSS器件性能,手机卫星观测值呈现出信号衰减严重、伪距噪声大、粗差周跳多等问题;并且受城市复杂环境影响,手机GNSS定位的连续性、可靠性也难以保证。提出一种城市场景手机GNSS/ MEMS（micro-electro mechanical system）融合的车载高精度定位方案。首先,构建了速度约束的GNSS差分定位模型;然后,通过手机内置MEMS与车辆运动约束,在挑战环境下进行GNSS/MEMS融合精密定位。实验结果表明,在开阔和树荫场景下,速度约束方法可达到分米至米级定位精度,相比于常规方法分别提升了35.2%和78.9%;在高架场景下,GNSS/MEMS融合定位的精度和连续性均提升显著;在隧道场景下,MEMS推算位置累积误差约为2.5%。实验结果初步表明,手机GNSS具备开阔环境下的车道级定位能力,手机GNSS/MEMS融合可提升城市复杂环境下车载定位的精度和连续可用性。 相似文献
10.
针对在城市峡谷环境下观测卫星较少、观测质量差和周跳频繁,导致动对动定位过程中双差模糊度不连续的问题,提出了一种GPS/BDS组合系统的单历元模糊度解算方法。通过GPS/BDS组合定位提高了卫星的可用数量,利用单历元模糊度固定减弱了周跳频繁带来的影响。实验采用GPS/BDS组合的7组数据,分析了在不同高度角下动对动定位单历元解的模糊度固定率、解算失败率、粗差率和定位精度。结果表明,GPS/BDS组合动对动定位单历元模糊度解算方法,在高遮挡的城市峡谷环境仍然可以取得较好的定位结果。 相似文献
11.
地球静止轨道（GEO）卫星是北斗卫星导航系统（BDS）星座的主要组成部分,为分析其对北斗三号（BDS-3）定位性能的影响,本文基于MGEX跟踪站实测数据,分析了GEO卫星对BDS-3伪距单点定位精度的影响．经研究发现,GEO卫星能有效改善BDS-3卫星可见数与卫星空间几何构型,能有效提升BDS-3伪距单点定位精度,北斗二号（BDS-2）／BDS-3 GEO卫星使BDS-3伪距单点定位精度的提升量优于任一单系统GEO卫星,GEO卫星对BDS-3伪距单点定位水平向定位精度提升在30％以内,对高程方向定位精度提升在20％以内． 相似文献
12.
GNSS observables for ionospheric estimation are commonly based on carrier-to-code leveling (CCL) and precise point positioning (PPP) methods. The CCL method is a geometry-free method which uses carrier phase to level pseudorange observation for decreasing multipath error and observation noise. However, the ionospheric observable based on the CCL has been proven to be affected by leveling errors. The leveling errors are caused by pseudorange multipath and intraday variation of receiver DCB. To obtain more accurate ionospheric observable, the PPP method takes advantage of precise satellite-to-ground range for retrieving slant total electron content and is less affected by the leveling errors. Previous studies have only proven that the ionospheric observables extracted by the two methods are affected by the leveling errors. The influence on ionospheric observable by the pseudorange inter-receiver satellite bias (IRSB) of the receiver has not been taken into consideration. Also, the magnitude of the differences between the ionospheric observables extracted by the two methods has also not been given. In this work, three methods, namely, the CCL, the conventional ionospheric-free PPP method which uses the ionospheric-free Hatch–Melbourne–Wubbena (HMW) function, and the University of Calgary (UOFC) PPP method, are selected to analyze and compare the differences of ionospheric observables and the global ionospheric maps, using a large number of measured data from international GNSS service global stations. Experimental results show that the accuracy of ionospheric observables obtained by the three methods is not only related to the leveling error, but also pseudorange IRSB. The IRSB of the receiver exerts a major effect on the ionospheric observables obtained by the CCL method and a minor effect on the ionospheric observables obtained by the HMW and UOFC methods. The accuracies in the latter case are similar and superior to those obtained by the CCL. The differences of the ionospheric observables obtained by the CCL and UOFC methods, or the CCL and HMW methods, are at decimeter level, whereas the difference of the ionospheric observables obtained by the UOFC and HMW methods is at centimeter level. The UOFC method presented the highest single-frequency pseudorange positioning accuracy using estimated global ionospheric products, followed by the HMW and the CCL methods which presented the lowest positioning accuracy. 相似文献
13.
城市智能交通、自动驾驶等对高精度动态定位的需求为分米级甚至厘米级,但在城市复杂环境下信号遮挡、衰减和多径频繁发生,GNSS定位的可用性和精度严重降低。本文充分利用现有可用的多频多系统GNSS(GPS/BDS/Galileo/QZSS)数据,采用最新提出的单历元PPP宽巷模糊度固定方法(PPP-WAR),并与传统PPP方法和广域伪距增强精密定位方法进行对比试验,分析了这3种单点高精度定位方法在大都市高楼密布道路、小城镇狭窄道路和工业区开阔道路3种不同信号遮挡条件下的车载动态定位性能。结果表明,目前城市环境中的三频数据完整性高达94%以上,可满足基于多频GNSS单历元定位的需求。粗差阈值设定为3 m时,单历元PPP-WAR解在小城镇狭窄道路的水平定位误差RMS为0.41 m,达到了分米级定位精度,比广域伪距增强精密定位解和传统PPP解分别提高了53.9%和21.2%;3种方法在大都市高楼密布环境下的定位可用性均高于70%,在另外两种城市环境下的定位可用性均高于90%。粗差阈值0.5 m时,单历元PPP-WAR方法和传统PPP方法在小城镇狭窄道路环境中可用性依然可达~70%。单历元PPP-WAR方法受城市环境中4种典型地物(地下通道、高架桥、行道树和高楼)的影响最小。总之,在干扰因素多的城市复杂环境中单历元PPP-WAR方法更具优势,在干扰因素少的城市开阔环境中传统PPP方法更优。 相似文献
14.
随着GNSS技术的发展,目前具备独立服务能力的系统包括GPS、GLONASS和BDS。针对多GNSS融合导航定位的成为近几年研究的热点这一现象,本文对基于Visual Studio 2010 C++平台编写多GNSS融合伪距单点定位程序中出现的关键点做了详细叙述,详述了多GNSS伪距单点定位模型以及部分测量误差的改正,通过实例计算验证了多系统单点定位可以改善卫星结构,提高系统在复杂环境下测量时的稳定性,从而验证了程序的正确性与可行性。 相似文献
15.
在卫星定位中,观测环境的优劣对最终定位结果精度有着显著性影响,单GPS系统因为其可观测卫星颗数少和自身星座分布的共同影响,载波相位周跳频繁,定位解的误差大、可靠性低、稳定性差。本文对多模GNSS （ Global Navigation Satellite System ）解算中时空系统的统一,组合单点定位模型和差分定位模型等关键技术进行了研究,实现了多模GNSS组合定位,改善了卫星相对于测站的几何分布,环境适应性加强,使得定位精度、系统冗余度和可靠性大幅提高,最后使用车载数据进行实验验证。验证结果表明,多模GNSS观测卫星数相比单GPS系统而言,观测卫星数增加了2倍,PDOP值降低了42％,极大地提高了差分定位解的成功率,固定解比例提高了18．3％。这充分说明了多模GNSS统一定位的可行性和优越性。 相似文献
16.
观测环境的优劣对卫星定位结果有着显著影响,城市环境信号遮挡强、多路径效应明显,导致定位连续性差、可靠性低。文中讨论GPS/BDS时空系统统一以及融合解算中伪距定位数学模型,利用香港地区城市环境实测数据对GPS/BDS双系统融合伪距定位结果与GPS、BDS单系统在可见卫星数、PDOP值、定位连续性、可靠性等方面进行比较分析。结果表明:多系统融合伪距定位相比单系统增加可见卫星数,减小PDOP值,明显改善城市环境定位连续性,小幅度提高定位精度。 相似文献
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18.
观测信息随机模型在参数估计、质量控制和精度评定过程中具有重要作用,准确的观测信息随机模型是北斗精密定位的基础。首先,利用简化的Helmert方差分量估计方法估计北斗三号卫星观测信息精度,并拟合模型系数;然后,利用全局检验和
19.
Characterization of Compass M-1 signals 总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3
André Hauschild Oliver Montenbruck Jean-Marie Sleewaegen Lennard Huisman Peter J. G. Teunissen 《GPS Solutions》2012,16(1):117-126
An analysis of observations from China’s first medium earth orbit satellite Compass M-1 is presented, with main focus on the
first orbit and clock solution for this satellite. The orbit is computed from laser ranging measurements. Based on this orbit
solution, the apparent clock offset is estimated using measurements from two GNSS receivers, which allow Compass tracking.
The analysis of the clock solutions reveals unexpectedly high dynamics in the pseudorange and carrier-phase observations.
Furthermore, carrier-to-noise density ratio, pseudorange noise, and multipath are analyzed and compared to GPS and GIOVE.
The results of the clock analysis motivate further research on the signals of the geostationary satellites of the Compass
constellation. 相似文献
20.
精密定位的质量控制和完好性评估是实时全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)导航应用不可或缺的环节,尤其是在GNSS易受损害的城市峡谷等场景下,这种需求更加迫切.广域精密单点定位(PPP)瞬时分米级定位,利用GNSS三频信号形成的两个宽巷观测值可以实现单点单历元分米级定位.然而,在城市复杂环境中,反射信号、严重多路径以及其他信号干扰对定位造成的影响无法准确评估与识别,限制了PPP瞬时分米级单点定位的应用.完好性概念中的高级接收机自主完好性监测(ARAIM)可以计算用户定位误差最小置信区间的上限保护水平(PL)以评估定位有效性,可经过一定改进用于PPP瞬时定位的质量控制.针对当前ARAIM中计算PL的误差模型难以适应高精度定位需求的问题,提出了一种改进的ARAIM PL算法,称其为BARAIM(Back Advanced Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring).使用PPP三频组合观测值残差对ARAIM权与误差模型进行修正以计算PL.基于不同复杂程度的环境下采集的车载数据对算法进行了验证,对PL的改进情况以及导航的可用性提升情况进行评估.结果表明:在不同环境下,基于改进的B-ARAIM算法得到的PL,相比传统方法得到的PL更符合城市定位的需要,将PL降低了30%~70%.此方法有助于将ARAIM算法应用在高精度GNSS定位领域. 相似文献