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1.
在讨论以往生态经济分区研究方法与理论的基础上,提出了新的研究思路--基于网格的生态经济分区。利用GIS格网技术和相关统计软件,从甘肃省生态与经济两大系统耦合发展的历程分析入手,选取2010年甘肃省的26个生态经济指标,以6 km×6 km的规则格网,将整个甘肃省分为12 243个研究单元。经过分析比较,甘肃省被分为4个生态经济区即西北干旱区(Ⅰ)、陇中冷温带半湿润区(Ⅱ)、甘南高寒带湿润区(Ⅲ)、陇南暖温带湿润区(Ⅳ)和21个生态经济亚区。结合DEM,进一步对研究区进行分区,以期为促进形成甘肃省可持续发展格局提供科学依据。研究表明,格网技术提高了分区的精度和速度,是进行生态经济分区的有效方式之一。 相似文献
2.
基于景观生态风险评价的宁江流域景观格局优化 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
流域景观生态风险受到多源因素的综合作用,识别流域景观生态风险是实现景观格局优化的基础与前提,景观格局优化是应对生态风险的有效手段。以宁江流域为研究区,采用空间主成分分析法,从“自然—人类社会—景观格局”3个维度对流域景观生态风险进行综合评价,基于景观生态风险评价结果,构建累积阻力表面,利用最小累积阻力模型进行了流域景观格局的优化。结果表明：人类社会和景观格局因素对综合风险影响更为强烈,地形和距水体距离等自然因素对综合生态风险影响较弱;宁江流域整体景观生态风险偏大,较高景观生态风险区域位于流域西南部,面积为523.99 km 2,占流域面积的36.06%;识别出流域生态源地为面积大于50 km 2的林地和面积大于0.2 km 2的水体。研究构建了15条生态廊道,一级生态廊道长度大于30000 m,二级生态廊道介于10000~30000 m之间,三级生态廊道长度在10000 m以内;识别了19个生态节点,形成了多层次生态网络。通过对比研究区景观格局优化前后的连通度发现,优化后流域整体景观格局连通度得到明显提升。 相似文献
3.
塔里木河流域生态功能区划研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
生态功能区划为流域生态保护与修复提供重要的科学参考。而塔里木河流域由于缺少生态功能区划导致目前生态修复工程缺乏针对性,生态引水工程布局欠佳,以及生态修复和水资源管理的成效低下。为此,在对区域生态环境特征分析的基础上,将流域内不同区域的水文过程与生态结构、服务功能及生态环境敏感性相结合,依据生态功能区划原则、方法和指标体系,形成了塔里木河流域生态功能区划方案,即将该流域分为2个生态大区、4个生态区、28个生态亚区。研究成果不仅为流域实现水资源的优化配置和生态环境保护提供参考依据,也可为相似流域的生态功能区划研究提供示范和借鉴。 相似文献
4.
Yingchun Zhou Sunil Narumalani William J. Waltman Sharon W. Waltman Michael A. Palecki 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(5):445-462
Growing concerns about global climate change, biodiversity maintenance, natural resources conservation, and long-term ecosystem sustainability have been responsible for the transformation of traditional single resource management approaches into integrated ecosystem management models. Eco-regions are large ecosystems of regional extent that contain smaller ecosystems of similar response potential and resource production capabilities. They can be used as a geographical framework for organizing and reporting resource information, setting bioecological recovery criteria, extrapolating site-level management, and monitoring global change. The objective of this research is to develop a quantitative, multivariate regionalization model that is capable of delineating eco-regions at multiple levels from remotely sensed information and other environmental and natural resources spatial data. The Spatial Pattern Analysis Model developed in this study uses a region-growing algorithm to generate spatially contiguous regions from primitive polygonal land units. The algorithm merges the most similar pair of neighbouring units at each iteration, based on satisfying certain similarity criteria until all units are grouped into one. This model was utilized to develop an eco-region map of Nebraska with three hierarchical levels. In the mapping process, the STATSGO data set was used to build the primitive map units. Environmental parameters included in the model were multi-temporal AVHRR data, soil rooting depth, organic matter content, available water capacity, and long-term annual averages of water balance and growing degree day totals. Development of the model provides a new and useful approach to eco-region mapping for resource managers and researchers. The method is automated and efficient, reduces the judgement biases and uncertainty of manual analyses, and can be replicated for other regions or for the regionalization of other themes. 相似文献
5.
经济区划是区域经济规划中的一个重要方面,以传统聚类方法进行的经济区划不能兼顾区划单元的属性特征与空间邻接性。运用基于尺度空间理论的空间聚类方法、综合区划单元的属性特征与空间邻接性,对江西省县域单元经济区划进行研究。结果表明:江西省可划分为五类经济区,分别是昌九经济区、赣东北经济区、赣西北经济区、赣中南经济区和赣南经济区,区划结果与江西省实际经济发展情况基本吻合。 相似文献
6.
Wenjiao Shi Yunfeng Hu Xiaoli Shi Zong Wang Huimin Yan Ziwei Xu Bo Ren Wenhui Kuang Xinliang Xu Weiming Cheng Yan Chen Dongbo Wu 《地理学报(英文版)》2016,26(12):1675-1688
Strategic transformation of regionalization for agricultural comprehensive development (ACD) was presented by the Ministry of Finance of the People’s Republic of China (MOF) in 2014. The regionalization is the premise and basis of the sustainable development and improved competitiveness for agriculture. Based on the environmental resources related to agriculture, such as cropland, climate, water resources, terrain, geomorphology, patterns of the ACD projects, distribution of ecological planning, etc., we devised 13 indices using the geographic comprehensive regionalization method. The indices took into account a combination of dynamic and static, qualitative and quantitative, as well as agricultural and ecological factors. The strategic transformation of regionalization for the ACD in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China was performed; seven types were included: prioritized regions, prioritized and restricted regions, protected regions, protected and restricted regions, restricted and prioritized regions, restricted and protected regions, and restricted regions. A further 24 subtypes were used based on locations and ecological zones. The regionalization results showed that prioritized regions were mainly in northern Ningxia, the most suitable area for agriculture. The protected and restricted regions were in central and southern Ningxia. In the central part, drought was the limiting factor for agriculture, and water conservation projects there should be supported. The ecological environment is fragile in southern Ningxia, so there is a need for ecologically sound agriculture to be developed in this region. Such regionalization could achieve two goals, namely agricultural conservation and eco-environmental protection. It was performed following the requirement for scientific regionalization to include three types of regions (prioritized regions, protected regions, and restricted regions), and was applied at the township scale in a provincial or autonomous region for the first time. The results provide both guidance for the strategic transformation of the ACD in Ningxia, and a reference for similar work in other provinces. 相似文献
7.
盐城开发空间区划及其思考 总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28
在国家“十一五”规划纲要中, 将国土空间划分为优化开发、重点开发、限制开发和禁止开发四类主体功能区, 这是新时期传统区划理论和方法为国民经济和社会发展服务的一次重要创新。作者认为: 主体功能区划主要在于解决区域问题, 用科学发展观协调区域发展。 因此, 功能区区划的理论和方法也需要与时俱进的创新。文章通过盐城沿海开发空间区划实例进行功能区区划的理论和方法探索。首先, 综合经济区划。运用传统的综合经济区划理论与方法进行经济区划分, 大致确定不同经济区的经济发展布局方向; 其次, 控制开发区划。 综合考虑上述综合经济区的功能, 景观生态体系建设需要, 土地利用现状、辐射沙洲分布、近海海域污染、海港分布、水源保护地以及自然保护区和生态保护区等, 确定相关的禁止开 发区和限制开发区; 第三, 开发潜力区划。以乡镇为基本单元, 运用多因子分析方法, 按照资源环境承载力、现有开发密度强度、未来发展潜力3 个主因子进行开发潜力区划; 最后, 在上述三个区划的基础上, 进行主体功能区划。文章也认为: 主体功能区实质是一种区域发展政策区, 其区划也只是一种纯粹的区域划分, 是目前经济社会发展规划、土地利用规划和城市总体规划“三规”分立走向“三规”合一的空间平台。 相似文献
8.
无锡都市区制造业的区位决策影响与适宜性分区 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对制造业区位决策的影响要素分析,讨论各区位因子对制造业适宜性分区的控制作用。以经济发达的无锡市为例,综合考虑生态约束、开发引导和相关空间因素,分别选择生态服务功能、灾害易损性、水环境风险进行生态约束要素分区评价;选择交通、集聚规模和土地潜力指标进行开发引导要素分区评价;同时考虑城镇和基本农田的分布状况。在此基础上,运用GIS空间分析方法,综合评价全市域制造业的适宜性分区,作为制造业空间区位决策的依据,其中生态环境约束较弱、开发引导较强的地区可以适当布局制造业项目,而生态环境约束较强、或开发引导较弱、或人口相对稠密、或优质农田分布的地区需要严格控制乃至禁止制造业项目的建设。 相似文献
9.
中国水土保持区划方案初步研究 总被引：23，自引：1，他引：22
水土保持区划是水土保持规划的基础,可为生态环境建设和区域管理与发展提供科学的依据.简要回顾了相关区划工作,明确了水土保持区划的概念,结合我国水土流失等生态环境特点,提出了水土保持区划原则、指标体系和命名规则;通过构建全国水土保持区划协作平台和数据上报系统,结合我国已有相关水土保持研究成果,采用自上而下与自下而上的演绎归纳途径和定性与定量相结合的方法,构建了我国水土保持区划初步方案,将全国划分为8个一级区,41 个二级区,117 个三级区. 相似文献
10.
生态屏障约束下的综合功能区划研究——以云南省昭通市为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ecological shelter zones reconstruction is an ecosystem restoration and conservation project aimed to the ecological safety of nations, regions and basins. Reconstruction of ecological shelter zones of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River became one of the most important tasks of Western Development strategy. This article, taking Zhaotong as an example, studies the functional regionalization of ecological shelter zones. The study supplies a case for functional regionalization of small and medium regions whose main tasks are environment reservation. With the guidance of theories of functional regionalization, and based on the analysis of Zhaotong＇s natural, ecological and socioeconomic factors, the paper suggests five principles for factors selection. These principles include： （1） reversing order evaluation; （2） selecting main factors; （3） keeping the integrality of administrative regions of towns; and （4） making the products acceptable by local government. To analyze spatial status of selected factors, LUCC data in 2002, 1：50,000 relief maps and town-unit socioeconomic statistical data in 2004 are used. RS and GIS tools are also applied to melt traditional and modern geographical methods. This would be useful to functional regionalization research in mountainous areas. As a conclusion, the leading functional regions of ecological conservation or economic development are suggested, respectively. Zhaotong city is divided into two-level functional regions. The first-level includes three leading functional regions and they will lead developing direction of sub-regions. The second-level includes eight sub-regions, which are policy implemented regions, and will supply guidance to Zhaotong＇s ecological shelter zones reconstruction. 相似文献
11.
Ecological shelter zones reconstruction is an ecosystem restoration and conserva-tion project aimed to the ecological safety of nations, regions and basins. Reconstruction of ecological shelter zones of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River became one of the most important tasks of Western Development strategy. This article, taking Zhaotong as an exam-ple, studies the functional regionalization of ecological shelter zones. The study supplies a case for functional regionalization of small and medium regions whose main tasks are envi-ronment reservation. With the guidance of theories of functional regionalization, and based on the analysis of Zhaotong’s natural, ecological and socioeconomic factors, the paper suggests five principles for factors selection. These principles include: (1) reversing order evaluation; (2) selecting main factors; (3) keeping the integrality of administrative regions of towns; and (4) making the products acceptable by local government. To analyze spatial status of selected factors, LUCC data in 2002, 1:50,000 relief maps and town-unit socioeconomic statistical data in 2004 are used. RS and GIS tools are also applied to melt traditional and modern geo-graphical methods. This would be useful to functional regionalization research in mountain-ous areas. As a conclusion, the leading functional regions of ecological conservation or economic development are suggested, respectively. Zhaotong city is divided into two-level functional regions. The first-level includes three leading functional regions and they will lead developing direction of sub-regions. The second-level includes eight sub-regions, which are policy implemented regions, and will supply guidance to Zhaotong’s ecological shelter zones reconstruction. 相似文献
12.
落实“山水林田湖草生命共同体”理念,提出美丽中国生态建设优化途径已成为当前亟待解决的关键科学问题和国家生态文明建设的重大需求。因地制宜地做好美丽中国建设的生态区划,提出生态建设分区方案,是实现美丽中国愿景的重要路径。目前,生态区划对于新时期系统性生态建设内涵,以及全球气候和人类活动变化双重背景对生态系统空间异质性影响的考虑不足。本文通过构建“景观美、服务美、安全美”的三位一体美丽中国生态建设分区的理论框架,综合考虑生态系统结构、格局、质量、服务、胁迫等因素的空间异质性,建立美丽中国生态建设分区三级指标体系,以及对生态现状本底和退化程度进行评估的生态建设综合指数和生态退化综合指数。以全国第三级流域为基本单元,基于指标现状特征及生态综合评估结果,通过空间聚类分析将全国划分为5个一级生态建设区和13类22个二级生态建设区,并在二级分区的基础上选择典型区划分出三级生态建设区。分区结果为美丽中国生态建设提供应用支撑。此外,未来生态建设分区的指标构建应当更加注重指标之间的关联性和生态系统功能的多样性,并进一步耦合气候变化和人类活动对生态系统的双重干扰。 相似文献
13.
太湖流域水生态功能三级分区 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
水生态功能分区是进行流域现代水生态管理的必然要求,是面向水质目标管理控制单元划分的基础。针对太湖流域特征,提出了太湖流域水生态功能三级分区的目的和划分原则,在其指导下构建了太湖流域非太湖湖体区和太湖湖体区水生态功能三级分区指标体系;在GIS技术支撑下,分别以太湖流域非太湖湖体区1100多个和太湖湖体区3500多个水生态功能单元为基本空间统计单位,结合分区指标数据,制作了基于水生态功能单元的各项指标的空间分布图,采用二阶聚类法并结合人工辅助的方法将太湖流域划分为21个水生态功能三级区;分区水生态特征分析结果表明全流域各分区水生生物特征均具有较大的变异性,反映出流域内水生态的空间差异和不均匀性,体现了分区结果的合理性、科学性和可靠性。 相似文献
14.
多元统计分析在分区研究中的应用 总被引：23，自引：5，他引：18
探讨了基于因子分析的聚类分析方法在遵循主要地理区划原则,特别是综合分析与主导因素相结合的原则和相对一致性原则过程中的特色。以中国土地利用程度和效益分区为例,首先利用因子分析对评价指标进行了降维处理,并研究了各个评价指标之间的关系;然后利用聚类分析,结合主要区划原则,将全国划分为5个类型区,12个亚区。 相似文献
15.
基于GIS的黄河三角洲盐碱地改良分区 总被引：41，自引：0，他引：41
黄河三角洲盐碱地面积超过总面积的70％，而盐碱地改良分区是因地制宜，综合治理盐域地的前提，通过综合运用地理信息系统的各种空间数据分析功能，将黄河三角洲土地盐碱化现状分为：非盐碱地，轻度盐碱地，中度盐碱地，重度盐碱地，滩涂5个区，并结合地下水长期观测资料，进行成因分析，建立了黄河三角洲盐碱地改良分区模型，立足土地盐碱化的现状，充分考虑地下水埋深和矿化度，把黄河三角洲盐碱地按改良难易程度分为：易改良区，较难改良区，难改良区，近期不宜作改良区，并针对不同的盐碱地改良区提出了相应的土壤改良对策。 相似文献
16.
云南金省沙江流域滑坡泥石流灾害区划研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
滑坡泥石流灾害区划是自然灾害区划体系中的重要部分。选取11个指标,运用模糊聚类方法进行了云南金沙江流域滑坡泥石流灾害区划,将该流域划分为3个滑坡泥石流灾害区、9个滑坡泥石流灾害亚区,揭示了该流域滑坡泥石流灾害的地域差异性,为因地制宜地制定滑坡泥石流灾害防治规划及减灾防灾措施提供了科学依据。 相似文献
17.
宁夏农业综合开发战略转型区划研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
农业综合开发战略转型区划研究,是科学适应新形势下国家对农业综合开发提出的“坚持可持续、提升竞争力”要求的前提和基础。针对已有农业区划的单一目标和单一类型划分问题,以宁夏为例,基于农业相关的耕地、气候、水、地形、地貌、项目布局、生态规划等空间数据,采用地理学综合区划的方法,提出了动态与静态结合、定性与定量结合、农业与生态结合的13项多维指标体系,提出了合理且可操作的技术流程,科学划分了包含过渡类型的一级区划（7大类型：重点开发区、“重点+限制”开发区、保护性开发区、“保护+限制”开发区、“限制+重点”开发区、“限制+保护”开发区和限制性开发区）和二级区划（24个亚类）,实现了农业可持续和生态环境保护的双重目标。本文是国家财政部明确提出农业综合开发要科学划分重点开发区、保护性开发区和限制性开发区之后,首次实现在省（区）级以乡（镇）为单位的科学划分,可为今后农业综合开发战略转型项目的科学布局和精准投入提供重要依据,为宁夏农业综合开发战略转型工作的具体落地实施提供科学保障,同时也可为其他省份或地区的农业综合开发战略转型区划工作提供有益参考。 相似文献
18.
柴达木盆地绿洲区划及农业利用评价 总被引：10，自引：4，他引：6
分析柴达木盆地绿洲形成条件,首次进行柴达木盆地地绿洲区划。根据绿洲区划原则和指标体系将柴达木盆地绿洲划分为２个区、４个亚区和１３个小区,在绿洲区划基础上,对柴达木盆地绿洲农业利用进行评价。 相似文献
19.
《地理学报(英文版)》2016,(12)
Strategic transformation of regionalization for agricultural comprehensive development(ACD) was presented by the Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China(MOF) in 2014. The regionalization is the premise and basis of the sustainable development and improved competitiveness for agriculture. Based on the environmental resources related to agriculture, such as cropland, climate, water resources, terrain, geomorphology, patterns of the ACD projects, distribution of ecological planning, etc., we devised 13 indices using the geographic comprehensive regionalization method. The indices took into account a combination of dynamic and static, qualitative and quantitative, as well as agricultural and ecological factors. The strategic transformation of regionalization for the ACD in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China was performed; seven types were included: prioritized regions, prioritized and restricted regions, protected regions, protected and restricted regions, restricted and prioritized regions, restricted and protected regions, and restricted regions. A further 24 subtypes were used based on locations and ecological zones. The regionalization results showed that prioritized regions were mainly in northern Ningxia, the most suitable area for agriculture. The protected and restricted regions were in central and southern Ningxia. In the central part, drought was the limiting factor for agriculture, and water conservation projects there should be supported. The ecological environment is fragile in southern Ningxia, so there is a need for ecologically sound agriculture to be developed in this region. Such regionaliza-tion could achieve two goals, namely agricultural conservation and eco-environmental protection. It was performed following the requirement for scientific regionalization to include three types of regions(prioritized regions, protected regions, and restricted regions), and was applied at the township scale in a provincial or autonomous region for the first time. The results provide both guidance for the strategic transformation of the ACD in Ningxia, and a reference for similar work in other provinces. 相似文献
20.
区域生态风险评价是进行生态风险管理的重要依据。流域生态风险评价应考虑地理单元的整体性和相对独立性。文章基于历史文献资料、自然地理数据和社会经济数据,选择漓江流域主要的自然灾害--干旱和洪涝为风险源,以161个子流域作为评价单元,基于相对风险评价模型,从风险源、脆弱度和抗风险能力3方面来评价流域综合生态风险。结果表明：漓江流域生态风险存在明显的空间差异性。高风险区占流域总面积的2.3%,主要分布于临桂县、灵川县北部和兴安县,表现为基础设施建设薄弱,景观稳定性差,生态脆弱度高;低风险区和较低风险区占流域总面积的59.0%,集中于猫儿山自然保护区、海洋山自然保护区和桂林市区,表现为保护区人为干扰较弱,植被保存完好,景观结构稳定,市区基础设施建设完善;下游阳朔县属中等风险区,存在一定风险隐患。最后基于风险评价结果提出了建立分级旱涝灾害预警机制和生态风险分级管理措施。 相似文献