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《岩土力学》2017,(12):3604-3612
Van Genuchten模型经常用于拟合土-水特征曲线,但拟合参数m、n之间的不同关系以及是否加入最大基质吸力点(10~6 kPa,0)会对Van Genuchten模型的拟合参数造成极大的不确定性。为此,考虑m 3种取值(m不受限制、m=1-1/n、m=1-2/n)以及数据中是否含有最大基质吸力点(10~6 kPa,0),探讨各工况3个拟合参数a、m、n之间的关系,同时选用各工况的拟合参数,求解基质吸力为10~6 kPa时的饱和度,分析各工况下该点处饱和度的相互联系。结果表明:当m受到限制时,加入最大基质吸力点减小了各拟合参数的离散程度和区间范围;而m未受限制时,加入最大基质吸力点减小了a的离散程度和区间范围,但增大了m、n的离散程度和区间范围。在各约束条件下拟合参数a与未受约束时的a呈线性关系;而对于n则不存在这类关系;对于在不同工况下最大基质吸力点处的饱和度,其值与m未受约束时最大基质吸力点处的饱和度呈线性关系。 相似文献
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为了技术上目的需要钻孔弯曲时,往往采用偏心楔子进行偏斜。但当钻孔过于弯曲需要纠正时,使用偏心楔子就不可能取得理想的效果,我队最近试用偏心钻头进行纠正钻孔弯曲,效果很好。现将试用情况介绍如下:一、偏心钻头规格及材料:钻头规格如下,图 1、2、3系用旧铁砂钻头改制,加厚部分可用铁砂钻头剖开焊上合金,其种类视岩石可钻性而定。 相似文献
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Van Genuchten模型应用十分广泛,但是参数m的不同形式以及是否加入校正系数会对Van Genuchten模型的拟合参数造成极大的影响。基于此,考虑m 3种取值(m不受限制、m=1–1/n、m=1–2/n)以及Van Genuchten模型中是否含有校正系数C_ψ,采用Matlab拟合67组砂土土-水特征曲线数据,分别研究残余基质吸力ψ_r、C_ψ对3个拟合参数a、m、n的影响。结果表明:m不受限制时,随着ψ_r增大,参数a、n减小,参数m增大;m受到限制时,随着ψ_r增大,参数a减小,参数n增大;m不受限制时,加入校正系数增大了拟合参数a、n的离散程度,但是减小了m的离散程度;m受到限制时,加入校正系数增大了拟合参数a的离散程度,但是减小了n的离散程度;几乎所有工况下的参数a都与无任何限制条件下的参数a呈线性关系;对于参数n,几乎不存在这类线性关系。 相似文献
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页岩气、致密油气、深井超深井油气和深水油气的勘探开发对钻井工具与仪器提出了更高要求。本文介绍了国外钻井工具与仪器的新进展,钻井工具包括高效破岩钻头（Aegis铠装合金钻头、Crush＆Shear?混合式钻头、智能自适应钻头、StrataBlade*凹面金刚石元件钻头和HyperBlade*双曲面金刚石元件钻头）、辅助破岩工具（Navi-Drill DuraMax井下马达、NitroForce?高性能螺杆和耐温300 ℃螺杆钻具）和循环短节（iCWD智能循环短节、iDisc智能循环和丢手工具、MOCS G2循环短节和JetStream?RFID循环短节）,而钻井仪器包括旋转导向工具（Lucida高端旋转导向系统、RST旋转导向系统、VectorEDGE旋转导向系统、HALO高性能旋转导向系统和NeoSteer@bit导向系统）和随钻测量仪器（TruLink*高分辨率动态MWD、IriSphere*随钻前视LWD、HEX200℃高温LWD和QuestTM随钻陀螺测斜仪）。在此基础上,对国内钻井工具与仪器的未来发展提出了建议。最后指出我国应尽快完成核心钻井工具与仪器的国产化,继续加大低成本替代技术的研究力度,以实现经济有效开发。 相似文献
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PDC锚杆钻头回转钻进的力学特性与试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对煤矿巷道锚固孔快速精准钻进的施工需求,通过建立PDC锚杆钻头回转钻进力学模型,对其主要力学影响因素进行了理论分析。结果表明:PDC切削齿轴向力随压入深度的增大而增大,随切入角的增大表现出先减小后增大的趋势;当煤系岩石摩擦系数f为0.20~0.43时,可得最优切入角为15.0°~18.3°,此时在相同压入深度条件下轴向力和切向力最小。并进一步结合煤系岩石的力学特性,提出了PDC切削齿作用下的岩石破碎条件,得出不同压入深度时轴向力和切向力的关系。利用自主研发的钻进试验台对模拟岩样进行了钻进试验,试验结果验证了PDC锚杆钻头回转钻进力学模型的正确性。研究结果为PDC锚杆钻头优化设计,锚固孔钻进效率与精度的提高,以及钻进轴向力和切向力的变化预测等提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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随着石油勘探开发技术的不断进步,旋转导向钻井系统在现代钻井中的应用越来越多。但当面临更加复杂及曲率更高的井身结构时,单依靠Xceed指向式旋转导向工具不能完全满足钻井作业的要求。针对这一情况,提出一种特殊保径结构的PDC钻头,其特殊在于上部1 in标准保径,下部3 in保径为0.6°倒角保径。经过计算机模拟分析,这种PDC钻头相较于常规PDC钻头不但可以提高钻具组合的造斜能力还能提高钻具工作稳定性。在渤海油田现场使用表明,这种特殊保径结构的PDC钻头具有更强的造斜能力,保证旋转导向工具和其它井下工具稳定性,减缓井下仪器由于井下震动导致的失效。 相似文献
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苏联文献〔1，2〕中提出的冲击回转钻进最佳转数公式为：n=Nδ/πD, r/min （1）修正公式为：n=Nδm/πD, r/min （2）式中：N——冲击器冲击频率，次/min；δ——两次冲击间钻头最优移距，即两次冲击破碎穴间恰可打通岩脊的最优间距，mm；m——钻头上切削具数目（或组数）；D——钻头平均直径，mm。公式（2）可这样解释：若设钻头每转一转的冲击 相似文献
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通过对PowerDriveXceed指向式旋转导向钻具外部结构、内部组成以及工作原理的简要说明,对该钻具和泥浆马达钻具在安全性、时效性2方面进行了对比。最后通过PowerDriveXceed指向式旋转导向钻具在渤海某油田的应用,进行了其与泥浆马达钻具在轨迹控制、机械钻速以及近钻头连续井斜方位的对比分析,给出了渤海在水平井常用的泥浆马达钻具和PowerDriveXceed指向式旋转导向钻具的使用模式,为其它地区使用该工具提供了参考经验。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献
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正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861 相似文献