共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
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结合实例对岩石三轴实验数据的一些主要特点和适合应用的领域进行了探讨。结果为:①岩石的三轴抗压、抗剪强度随围压(或深度)的增大而增大。低围压时,呈线性增大;当围压超过某一值后,变为增长率逐渐下降的非线性增大;至更高围压后,抗压强度与围压的应力差、抗剪强度将趋于某一常数。②岩石的单轴强度是强度中的极小值。工程应用中应采用三轴强度,以降低造价、避免浪费。③在现有的各种岩石力学实验方法中,三轴实验得出的凝聚力C和内摩擦角Φ相对最准确。④岩石三轴实验数据在与地学相关的领域内有着广泛的用途。 相似文献
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结合山体滑坡和油田开采等工程问题,大量测定和研究了若干完整的和含弱面的岩石的力学参数和破坏特性.结果表明,围压(对应于地下深度)对地壳浅表岩石力学行为的影响已不可忽视,因此,上述工程问题都应给予考虑.这种影响表现为随围压(深度)的增加不仅强度增加,而且破裂性质由张性迅速向张剪性过渡,岩石由脆性向半脆性、半延性过渡,破裂由单一面向破裂带过渡;随围压(深度)的增加,弱面影响逐渐减弱,从而导致杨氏模量的增加.研究还表明,岩体周围介质的特性对岩体破坏行为有明显影响,随着周围介质刚性增加和流动性减小,岩石明显地表现出由突发式破坏向渐进式破坏过渡. 相似文献
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孔隙压岩石三轴摩擦实验装置是研究孔隙压对岩石滑动面摩擦性状影响的专用设备.该设备包括孔隙压岩石三轴实验装置和岩石摩擦装置两部分.摩擦装置由上、下压头,密封套筒和具有内部滑动块体的岩石样品组成.滑动面宽20×20mm、高40mm 的长方体,滑动面宽20mm、高30mm.最大孔隙压P_(max)=100MPa,最大位移L_(max)=10mm.应用该装置将三轴条件下样品之间的斜向摩擦滑动变为轴向滑动.滑动面上的法向压力σ_n=σ_3,即σ_n 变为与轴压无关的独立变量. 相似文献
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岩石局部化变形在水利、石油、核废料处理、二氧化碳地质储存以及工程地质和岩土工程中都具有很强的实际意义,为了研究中主应力对于岩石局部化变形的影响,本文把轴对称拉伸和压缩状态的变形带角属性选做边界条件,推导得到RR模型中的本构参数,最后预测得到其他应力状态的变形带角,与Dunham白云岩真三轴实验数据进行比较,发现中主应力对岩石强度、变形率以及变形带角都有影响;变形带角在最小压应力值固定的情况下,随着平均应力的增加而增加,随着最小压应力的增加而减小,与认为中主应力对岩石强度以及变形没有影响的摩尔库伦条件预测结果不同. 相似文献
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以８００ＭＰａ高温高压三轴室为例，介绍了简体热应力计算方法和结果。分析讨论了热应力对筒体安全性的影响，指出高温差低载荷是最危险的情况，并提出预防与解决的方法。 相似文献
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To investigate the coupling effects of cyclic deviator stress and cyclic confining pressure on the deformation behavior of natural soft clay under partially-drained conditions, a series of one-way cyclic triaxial tests with and without cyclic confining pressure were carried out. Test results show that, at the same amplitude of cyclic deviator stress, the increase of cyclic confining pressure amplitude will accelerate the accumulation of both permanent volumetric and axial strain significantly. The comparison between test results for different amplitudes of cyclic confining pressure shows that tests with a cyclic confining pressure corresponding to a stress path of ηampl=pampl/qampl=1 lead to a 1.4 times larger permanent volumetric strain and a 1.2 times larger permanent axial strain compared to the conventional cyclic triaxial tests with constant confining pressure (ηampl=1/3). In case of ηampl=2 the permanent strains are found to be even 2.0 or 1.5 times larger compared to the standard tests. Finally, an empirical formula is proposed for the prediction of permanent axial deformations of natural soft clays under partially-drained conditions, considering the effects of cyclic confining pressure. 相似文献
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Sofia Davydycheva 《Geophysical Prospecting》2011,59(2):323-340
I study the responses of two different triaxial induction tools to invaded dipping anisotropic formations. I show that the triaxial measurements have generally higher sensitivity to the radial invasion profile, compared to the conventional induction measurements. This enables accurate interpretation of both the anisotropic formation properties and the invasion parameters. Multi‐spacing and single‐spacing multi‐frequency triaxial induction tools can both be used for this purpose. Failure to take the invasion properties into account may lead to misinterpretation of the vertical formation resistivity. Symmetrization of the apparent conductivity matrix opens ways for a visual interpretation of triaxial induction logs for the formation and the invasion zone properties. This technique enables simpler and faster inversion algorithms. I study how the effect of a conductive annulus forming around the invasion zone couples with effects of the dipping anisotropy and the dipping boundaries and show when these effects are additive. Thus, a visual detection of log parts affected by a conductive annulus becomes possible. The key tool for interpretation in complex 3D scenarios is efficient modelling software. I use a 3D finite‐difference modelling approach to simulate responses of induction logging tools of the new generation. Its high efficiency enables simultaneous multi‐spacing and multi‐frequency computing of the tool responses to arbitrary 3D anisotropic formations that made the study possible. 相似文献
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岩石试件刚度及压力机刚度对岩石主破裂前声发射相对平静的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文通过对岩石试件的真三轴压缩实验，分析了岩石试件卸载刚度ＫＦ与压力机系统刚度比值对岩石破裂型式及破裂前声发射相对平静的影响，结果表明：当ＫＦ／ＫＳ＞１时，岩石试件产生突发断裂；当ＫＦ／ＫＳ＜１时，岩石试件产生缓裂，并且ＫＦ／ＫＳ的值越小，相对平静时间赵长；ＫＦ／ＫＳ的值越大，相对平静时间越短，而当ＫＦ／ＫＳ＞３时，声发射相对平静时间为零。 相似文献
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Cheng Haixu Wu Kaitong Zhang LiuCenter for Analysis Prediction SSB Beijing China Institute of Geology SSB Beijing China 《中国地震研究》1995,(2)
In this paper,compression tests of intact granite samples have been made in a triaxial testing machine with solid confining pressure.From the tests,the influences of confining pressure and loading rate(axial strain rate)on the deformation and fracture process of rock samples,on the stress drop and recurrence interval of stick-slip events,and on the geometric distribution of the main fracture have been studied.The experimental results show that the loading rate influences the stress drop and recurrence interval of stick-slip events greatly.At lower loading rates,the stress drop of stick-slip events is greater,their recurrence interval is longer and shows no regularity in distribution.When the loading rate goes higher,the stress drop will become smaller and the recurrence interval will tend to be constant and stick-slip events show a quasi-periodicity.At lower confining pressures and strain rates,the main fracture may evolve into 2 X-shaped conjugate shear faults; whereas at higher confining pressures and 相似文献
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随着二氧化碳地质封存、深部地热开采、地下储气库建设、页岩气开发、二次驱油/驱气等工业应用的快速发展,与地下流体注入有关的诱发地震活动呈现一定的增加趋势.利用声发射实验观测油气田典型岩石在三轴压缩条件下变形破坏过程与声发射活动特征,对研究注水诱发地震过程有着重要意义.本文利用四川盆地现场采集的震旦系白云岩及页岩,采用实验室声发射技术观测研究岩石三轴压缩变形破坏过程中地震波速度等物性参数及声发射事件时空分布特征.实验结果表明:震旦系白云岩及页岩在变形破坏过程中均有一定的声发射活动.根据声发射定位结果,声发射主要集中在破坏前后的较短时间内,页岩的层理面为结构弱面,控制最终破坏面的形态及声发射特征.根据应力-应变结果,白云岩在压缩的后期阶段有一定的扩容现象,但页岩在整个压缩阶段均没有明显扩容现象.研究结果表明四川盆地较古老的白云岩及页岩具有脆性破坏特征,地下流体注入容易诱发微震活动,形成裂缝,有利于页岩气压裂开采.微震活动有利于监测裂缝的发生发展,但同时在页岩气开发及二氧化碳地质封存时应采取相应的预防控制措施进行安全合理的储盖层管理,避免灾害性诱发地震的发生. 相似文献
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P. W. J. Glover J. B. Gomez P. G. Meredith S. A. Boon P. R. Sammonds S. A. F. Murrell 《Surveys in Geophysics》1996,17(3):307-330
Measurement of complex electrical conductivity as a function of frequency is an extremely sensitive probe for changes in pore and crack volume, crack connectivity, and crack surface topography. Such measurements have been made as a function of pore fluid chemistry, hydrostatic confining pressure, as well as uniaxial and triaxial deformation. This paper will; (1) describe the effects of triaxial deformation on the complex electrical conductivity of saturated porous rocks, (2) use the electrical data to model the mechanical stress-strain behaviour, and (3) compare the modelled behaviour with the stress-strain behaviour measured during the deformation. Experimental conductivity data tracks how the rock undergoes compaction with progressive loss of crack volume, followed by dilatation due to new crack formation, growth of existing cracks, crack interlinkage, and finally failure, as axial strain is increased. We have used the complex electrical data to produce a direction-sensitive (anisotropic) crack damage parameter, and used it to calculate the effective Young's modulus by employing the models of Walsh and Bruner. Comparison of the synthetic stress-strain curves so produced, with the experimentally derived stress-strain curves shows good agreement, particularly for undrained tests. This modelling is an improvement on similar curves produced using isotropic crack damage parameters derived from acoustic emission data. The improvement is likely to be due to the directional sensitivity of the electrical conductivity measurement, and its ability to discriminate between the formation of isolated cracks, and those cracks that contribute to the inter-connected crack space i.e. those cracks upon which transport properties of the rock such as electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties depend most critically during triaxial deformation. 相似文献
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Polarization analysis of multi-component seismic data is used in both exploration seismology and earthquake seismology. In
single-station polarization processing, it is generally assumed that any noise present in the window of analysis is incoherent,
i.e., does not correlate between components. This assumption is often violated in practice because several overlapping seismic
events may be present in the data. The additional arrival(s) to that of interest can be viewed as coherent noise. This paper
quantifies the error because of coherent noise interference. We first give a general theoretical analysis of the problem.
A simple mathematical wavelet is then used to obtain a closed-form solution to the principal direction estimated for a transient
incident signal superposed with a time-shifted, unequal amplitude version of itself, arriving at an arbitrary angle to the
first wavelet. The effects of relative amplitude, arrival angle, and the time delay of the two wavelets on directional estimates
are investigated. Even for small differences in angle of arrival, there may be significant error (>10°) in the azimuth estimate. 相似文献