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1.
在云南省西北部德钦县古水一带深切的澜沧江河谷中,发现了一套第四纪湖相沉积物,以纹层状粘土、粉砂质粘土和粉砂的互层组合为特征,构成了第三和第四级阶地的基座.笔者对该湖相剖面进行了U系、孢粉和若干地球化学指标的分析测试,并以这些结果讨论了古湖的形成时代和成因,以及古湖堆积时期的古植被和古气候.剖面顶部、中部和中下部粘土的U系法年龄测定结果分别为52.3±3.4 ka、64.2±5.6 ka和81.9±6.5 ka,说明古水古湖形成于晚更新世早中期的末次间冰期晚期和末次冰期的早冰阶与间冰阶早期,很可能是大型冰川(如下游的明永冰川等)或巨量的冰水沉积物堰塞了澜沧江河谷而造成的结果. 相似文献
2.
220ka BP来萨拉乌苏河流域地质剖面地球化学特征及其对全球气候变化的响应 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
萨拉乌苏河流域位于我国北方沙漠/黄土过渡带和生态脆弱带,它对全球气候变化反映非常敏感,是研究全球气候变化响应的理想区域.对该区域滴哨沟湾剖面地球化学元素氧化物及其比值变化进行了分析,结果表明:约220 ka BP以来我国北方气候变化极不稳定,存在着不同时间尺度的频繁变化,这种不稳定性无论是在冰期还是间冰期都有很好的反映.其中倒数第二次间冰期存在3次气候波动;倒数第二次冰期存在7个气候旋回;末次间冰期存在7个气候旋回;末次冰期存在9个气候旋回.这些气候变化与深海氧同位素、极地冰芯反映的全球变化具有良好的对应关系,反映了该区气候变化与全球变化的高度一致性. 相似文献
3.
晚第四纪MIS6以来柴达木盆地成盐作用对冰期气候的响应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
气候是控制柴达木盆地盐类沉积的主要因素之一,但是其作用机制尚待明确。作者以柴达木盆地察汗斯拉图盐湖的3个含盐剖面为研究对象,采用多接收电感耦合等离子质谱(MC-ICP-MS)铀系测年测定其沉积时代,并通过X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)分析测定其盐类矿物种类。铀系测年显示D18剖面石盐和芒硝层的沉积时代为13.1±2.0 ka BP～15.9±2.5 ka BP,其中芒硝沉积年代属于末次冰期MIS2晚期;MXK2剖面芒硝层的沉积时代分别为131.7±39.5 ka BP和158.3±10.8 ka BP,D12剖面芒硝层的沉积时代分别为166.6±20.2 ka BP和198.0±20.6 ka BP,可以对应于倒数第二次冰期MIS6。XRD分析确定了3个剖面的盐类矿物主要为芒硝、石盐和石膏。综合多个盐湖晚第四纪成盐数据,本文认为倒数第二次冰期MIS6和末次冰期MIS2是柴达木盆地晚第四纪重要的成盐期,冰期的冷干气候有利于石盐和芒硝等盐类沉积。柴达木盆地"冰期成盐"的根本原因,是由于冰期环境下盆地周边山体冰川规模的扩张以及干冷的冰期气候,共同造成了盐湖补给水量的减少。此外,晚第四纪MIS6和MIS2的冰期降温也是导致盆地中冷相盐类沉积的直接原因。 相似文献
4.
东昆仑山区更新世植被与环境变化的孢粉学证据 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
昆仑山垭口羌塘组和三岔河组的孢粉分析表明，羌塘高原的干旱环境在早更新世时已经确立，孢粉反映的古气候以干湿变化为主，冷暖变化不明显，可能与青藏高原隆起有关，在2～1.8 Ma BP，羌塘高原的古植被是以麻黄、藜科、蒿等为主的荒漠或草原荒漠植被，1.8～1.3 Ma BP气候变得比较温和稍湿，古植被演变成草原植被，在1～0.68 Ma BP，本区在构造抬升和冰期气候控制之下植被极不发育，0.68～0.65 Ma BP可能为一小间冰段，古植被为蒿、藜科、麻黄和众多草本植物组成的草原植被，羌塘组和三岔河组缺失650～350 ka BP的沉积，可能仍为荒漠植被，倒数第二次间冰期时期，在三岔河组的沟谷里可能生长着云、冷杉组成的暗针叶林、随的，古气温明显变干，针叶林消失，60 ka BP之后，气候进一步变干，古植被又演变成荒漠植被。 相似文献
5.
黑沟源于东天山最大现代冰川作用中心博格达峰的南坡. 在第四纪冰期与间冰期旋回中,该流域的冰川均发生过多次规模较大的进退,在谷中留下了较为完整的冰川沉积序列. 这些冰川地形包含有重要的古气候变化信息,对其研究可重建黑沟流域的冰川演化史. 应用OSL对该流域的冰川沉积物进行定年,测定结果表明冰水沉积物（沙质透镜体）比冰碛物更适宜应用单片再生剂量（SAR）测年技术进行测定. 基于测得的年龄并结合地貌地层学原理可初步得出：晚第四纪期间,黑沟流域共发生了5次规模较大的冰川作用,分别为全新世期间的小冰期（16世纪以来冷期的冰进）与新冰期（距今3~4 ka的冰进）,末次冰期晚冰阶（MIS 2）与早冰阶（MIS 4）以及倒数第二次冰期（MIS 6）. 相似文献
6.
白马雪山(5429m)地处横断山脉腹地,海拔3800m以上保存着确切的第四纪冰川遗迹,对其进行深入研究,可以为重建西南季风影响区的环境演变历史以及区域冰期-间冰期系列对比提供依据.本文采用野外地貌调查与电子自旋共振测年(ESR)相结合的方法,查明白马雪山第四纪冰川发育的地貌特点,并对研究区的冰期系列进行划分.结果显示,白马雪山晚第四纪以来至少发生5次冰川作用,分别为中梁赣冰期(475±62ka,MIS 12);倒数第二次冰期(MIS 6),年代分别为166±22ka、142±17ka、209±23ka、153±15ka、120±16ka和180±20ka;末次冰期早期(MIS 4),年代分别为57±6.8ka、67±8.7ka、81±11ka、77±11ka和64±7.7ka;末次盛冰期(19±2.5ka,LGM,MIS 2)以及全新世新冰期/小冰期(MIS 1).研究区的冰川作用与青藏高原的脉动式抬升具有一定的对应关系. 相似文献
7.
非洲东南部晚更新世植被重建及对比研究有助于理解区域气候变化过程和驱动机制。本研究依托国际大洋发现计划IODP361航次科学任务所获取的U1477B海洋钻孔,对其上部4～37 m的沉积岩芯的79个样品进行了孢粉分析,重建了30～5 ka B. P.的区域植被和气候变化历史。研究结果显示,钻孔岩芯整体以草本植物禾本科(Poaceae)和莎草科(Cyperaceae)花粉为主,平均约占75.5%;木本植物花粉较少,以罗汉松科(Podocarpaceae)、豆科(Fabaceae)、使君子科(Combretaceae)和红树科(Rhizophoraceae)等为主;孢粉组合记录了钻孔孢粉源区赞比西河流域的植被特征。在时间演化序列上,钻孔沉积物孢粉组合变化反映出明显的冰期-间冰期(全新世)的植被变化特征：末次冰期(30～17 ka B. P.)以禾本科、莎草科等草本花粉为主,平均约占82.2%,以草原/草甸植被占优势,推测在流域低海拔平原开阔草原广泛发育;罗汉松科为代表的山地森林在冰期也相对发育,指示了相对凉爽潮湿的气候环境;冰消期(17.0～10.5 ka B. P.)禾本科花粉保持稳定平均约... 相似文献
8.
依据莱州湾南岸A1钻孔孢粉分析，结合14C、热释光测年、沉积物粒度、岩性等资料，对A1钻孔自下而上划分为7个孢粉组合带，并概括它们的主要特征。利用孢粉组合，探讨了120 ka BP 以来莱州湾南岸咸水入侵区的植被发展以及气候的冷暖、干湿交替变化。在85～76 ka BP、50～24 ka BP和10～4 ka BP出现三次暖湿期，分别对应于“羊口海侵”、“广饶海侵”和“垦利海侵”。在三次暖湿期中发生海陆交互相滨岸沼泽或湖泊相沉积，植被类型为落叶阔叶林或针阔叶混交林滨岸草原。在76～50 ka BP和24～10 ka BP两次冷干期为陆相沉积环境，前者出现以针叶林为主的草原植被类型，后者出现干冷的针叶林干旱草原或荒漠草原植被类型，它们分别对应于早大理亚冰期和晚大理亚冰期。孢粉组合所反映的莱州湾南岸晚更新世以来的环境演化同全球性的气候事件及渤海沿岸环境变化具有很好的可比性。 相似文献
9.
本文通过鹤庆古湖沉积物的孢粉记录对该区晚更新世的古植被和古气候进行了恢复。该区末次间冰期和末次冰期内部气候波动性特点与深海氧同位素记录有着较好的可比性,反映在全球变化的背景上,气候的不稳定性同样在本区有明显的响应。而且不同季风区气候资料对比也表明,本区冷湿和暖干的气候组合具有明显的区域特征,末次冰期该区夏季锋面降水增多,而间冰期则与之相反。造成这种区域环境效应的原因,与西南季风区大气环流的复杂性、云贵高原的地貌部位以及由青藏高原地表反照率引起的热力学和动力学过程有关。 相似文献
10.
青海尕斯库勒盐湖沉积物孢粉组合特征与铀分布关系初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以青海省柴达木盆地西部尕斯库勒盐湖干盐滩ZK06钻孔岩芯为研究对象,结合孢粉、年代学和铀含量数据,探讨了盐湖沉积物中铀分布与古气候变化的关系.研究表明,自280 ka以来,尕斯库勒盐湖经历6次成盐期和6次淡化期;植被演化趋势为疏林草原—灌丛草原—荒漠草原;气候由凉略湿逐渐变为冷干.盐湖沉积物中铀含量与孢粉总浓度、灌木浓度、蒿属浓度呈明显正相关;与草本植物浓度呈正相关.孢粉带内沉积物的铀含量比成盐期高得多,平均铀含量为成盐期的3倍.孢粉组合特征可能为研究铀及其他元素在盐湖沉积物中的影响因素提供一些古植物和古气候条件证据. 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
15.
正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
16.
正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
19.
正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
20.
正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献