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1.
古尔班通古特沙漠南部风沙土粒度分布的空间异质性   总被引:10,自引:4,他引:6  
系统采集古尔班通古特沙漠南部典型地段纵向沙垄和垄间地浅层风沙土(0~30 cm)样184件,运用常规粒度分析和地统计分析方法研究了古尔班通古特沙漠南部沙垄不同部位风沙土粒度组成、分布特征及空间变异。结果显示:风沙土机械组成的优势粒级是细沙和极细沙,不同地貌部位粒级组成差异明显。粘土和粉沙的含量为垄间地高于沙垄,背风坡高于迎风坡和垄顶。极细沙和细沙的含量是迎风坡最高,垄顶最低。中沙、粗沙和极粗沙的含量则是垄间地低于沙垄,垄顶最高。风沙土粗物质粒径φ1和平均粒径Mz从垄间地→背风坡→迎风坡→垄顶均由细变粗,分选系数σ则由差变好。同时,φ1、Mz和σ具有中等-强空间自相关性,其空间相关范围(变程)大小顺序为φ1<σ相似文献   

2.
巴丹吉林沙漠周边地区土壤养分和粒度特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
王蒙  逯军峰  付鹏  董治宝 《中国沙漠》2022,42(5):232-244
选取巴丹吉林沙漠周边8个典型地貌区域,开展不同深度土壤养分和粒度组成特征及空间异质性研究。结果表明:(1)巴丹吉林沙漠周边区域土壤养分和粒度空间异质性较强,整体上土壤贫瘠,全钾含量中等;电导率变异性最大,pH的变异性较弱,其他因子属于中等变异。土壤整体上细沙含量最高,0—20 cm层黏土和极粗沙含量的变异系数较高;20—40 cm层黏土、粉沙和极粗沙含量的变异性强。(2)0—20 cm层全氮、全磷、速效磷、速效钾含量和电导率区域差异显著;20—40 cm层全氮和速效钾含量的区域差异显著。0—20 cm层各粒级含量均有显著的区域差异;20—40 cm层极细沙、中沙和粗沙含量的区域差异显著。(3)0—20 cm和20—40 cm层以细沙为界限,小于细沙颗粒的物质与养分含量普遍表现为正相关关系,而大于细沙颗粒的物质与养分的关系普遍呈负相关关系。  相似文献   

3.
围绕塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙尘暴及沙尘暴前后地表沙物质的粒度特征,对塔中地区的沙尘样品开展了粒度参数计算、粒度组分分离和函数模型拟合分析。结果表明:(1)表沙样品的平均粒径为143μm,细沙和极细沙含量占87.02%;沙尘暴过后表沙样品的平均粒径为97μm,极细沙和细沙含量占79.44%。(2)沙尘暴样品的平均粒径为82μm,粉沙和极细沙含量占80.89%。(3)沙尘暴过后表沙样品的平均粒径减小46μm,黏粒、粉沙和极细沙含量增加,表明沙尘暴携带的大量细粒物质对表沙的粒度特征有重要影响。(4)沙尘暴样品粒度随高度的变化主要受控于风速,风速阈值7.7~8.4 m·s^(-1),不同高度平均粒径与平均风速的函数关系,在三维空间中采用二阶多项式曲面模型能够很好地拟合。  相似文献   

4.
准噶尔中南部沙尘暴源区地表沉积物粒度特征   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
对准噶尔中南部沙尘暴源区——艾比湖地区、克拉玛依农业开发区和古尔班通古特沙漠地表沉积物粒度组成、传统粒度参数及分维值进行了分析计算,结果表明:艾比湖流域及克拉玛依开发区广泛分布的沙质、粘土质、盐土荒漠区,特别是春季翻耕的大面积裸露农田地表物质含有大量小于0.063mm的粉砂和粘土,且粒度分维值较高,是沙尘暴的丰富物源。古尔班通古特沙漠风成沙粒径较粗,分维值较低,加之较好的植被状况,沙尘暴发生频数相对较低。粒度参数C-M图、Mz-S0散点图和粒度分维值可以有效地表征地表松散物质的搬运-沉积特征,是描述沙尘暴发生地表条件的重要指标。  相似文献   

5.
河西走廊沙区沙面稳定性指标的观测研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
民勤、武威-古浪、临泽3个沙区9个指标的研究结果表明,沙面稳定性主要与植被盖度、≤0.074mm细沙土含量、0.3~0.1mm中细沙含量及>0.5mm粗沙含量有关;0.3~0.1mm的中细沙是沙面中最不稳定的因素,≤0.074mm细沙土主要为粘土成分。沙面稳定及活化的组合作用主要是以细沙土与植被盖度为代表的固化作用和以细沙土为代表的固化作用以及以0.3~0.1mm中细沙为代表的活化作用;临泽、武威-古浪沙区较民勤沙区不易固定的原因主要是活动性大的中细沙显著多于粗沙;于降水前在沙面上施撒粘土可大面积固定沙丘,尤其在水分条件限制造林密度不易过大或造林难以成活的重沙害区是一种有效的固沙措施。  相似文献   

6.
通过对艾比湖典型断面土壤粒度特征分析,发现研究区粒径组成以中粉沙为主,质地以砂质壤土为主,土壤垂向粗骨化明显。土壤分选性较差,粒度分布多为正偏,峰态多为窄峰态,表明该区土壤母质来源丰富,搬运-沉积环境异质性显著,但流水作用突出。北断面的分维值高于南断面,这与南断面分选性好于北断面相吻合。不同地区的概率累计曲线类型各异,但都富含悬移组分,并且对环境敏感的粒度组分大都在60 μm上下,说明研究区土壤母质以水成沉积环境为主的基础上,叠加有风成碎屑。  相似文献   

7.
毛里塔尼亚努瓦克肖特地区位于撒哈拉沙漠西部,基本被沙漠包围且常年遭受沙漠侵蚀,进行该地区沙漠粒度特征的研究,将对判别沙漠物质来源和沉积过程等具有重要参考意义。对努瓦克肖特周边纵向沙丘不同部位采集的50个沙样粒度进行分析。结果表明:沙丘沉积物的粒度以细沙和极细沙为主,两者所占比例超过60%;总体粒度要细于国内典型沙漠线性沙丘。沙丘东南坡、丘顶和西北坡整体上以细沙为主,其次为极细沙,二者含量依次递减,粉沙含量依次增加。沙丘沙粒径最细者为西北坡(5.13 φ),最粗者为东南坡(3.07 φ),分选性随粒径增加而变好。3个部位峰态存在明显差异,东南坡以中等和尖窄峰态为主,丘顶以尖窄峰态为主,西北坡为以宽平峰态为主,但三者均以正偏偏态为主。丘间地粒级级配趋势一致性最好,均以细沙为主,平均粒径大于沙丘各部位,平均粒径为2.76 φ,分选性优于沙丘,全为近对称中等峰态。该地区地表沙粒沉积环境和成因复杂,超过70%的沙样为风成沉积造成,其余为沿岸沉积造成。  相似文献   

8.
纵穿古尔班通古特沙漠中部对风沙土理化性状分析结果表明:沙漠腹地风沙土含水量低于边部。风沙土颗粒物主要由极细沙-细沙-中沙组成,并且北部较中部和南部粗。个体沙垄垄间地风沙土φ1值最高,垄顶的平均粒径最大。北部风沙土分选性差,绝大多数为极正偏分布,峰态很窄。中部、南部风沙土分选性中等和较好,呈窄峰态和近对称的分布形式。沙漠腹地风沙土全盐含量均较低,pH值适中,二者和沙垄固定程度成一定的正相关。风沙土中有机质、N、P、K等营养物质含量较低。相比之下北部风沙土全K和有机质含量高于中、南部,而植被茂盛的垄间地和垄坡有机质和全N含量一般高于固定、半固定垄顶。局地气象条件、微地形地貌以及植被状况的差异是引起沙漠风沙土上述理化性状空间分异的重要因素。  相似文献   

9.
沙丘形成演变是风-沉积物-其他地理因子相互反馈作用的一个动态系统过程,粒度可以揭示其中包含的部分环境信息并被广泛应用于风沙地貌研究。本文分析了巴丹吉林沙漠伊和吉格德湖高大沙山区沉积物粒度特征及其与植被、地貌形态的关系。结果表明:迎风坡中上部及中部剖面各层沉积物主粒径均一,分别为中沙、细沙;迎风坡中下部及底部剖面细沙、中沙及粗沙等不同主粒径层交替,粒配复杂,其成因与粗沙粒保护作用、风向季节变化及地质时期气候变迁等因素有关;背风坡表层沉积物以细沙为主,趋向底部粗沙、中沙及极细砂增多,说明不同粒径对风及重力作用的响应存在差异;粒度参数散点图可以区分不同部位样品,趋向迎风坡底部剖面,沙粒分选性变差,正偏、负偏及近对称沙层交替,说明风力分选作用在不同部位差异明显及存在其他外力作用;沙层粒配影响植被多样性,迎风坡中上部中沙含量高,背风坡表层中部偏上极细沙及大于2.65 Φ细沙含量突然增加,是植被影响粒配的反映;迎风坡沉积环境的差异,说明随地质时期气候变迁,沙山形成可能经历了两个重要阶段,一是早期风力和水动力交替影响、具有风成与非风成环境交替特征的基底形成时期,二是以风力作用为主的现代沙山形成时期。  相似文献   

10.
对汉江上游现代大洪水高水位滞流沉积物(SWD)系统地采样测试分析,结果表明:汉江上游现代大洪水SWD沉积物性质是沙质粘土或粘土质沙、沙质粉沙或粉沙质沙。其分布特征大致分为两大类:安康段以上基本是以粉沙质沙或沙质粉沙为主,安康段以下基本是沙质粘土或粘土质沙。粒度成分和粒度参数都反映现代洪水SWD经过充分的分选,但是受多种因素影响,其粒径组成具有明显的空间变化。水库或大坝对大洪水SWD的粒度自然分布频率单峰曲线尖窄的形状没有明显的影响,而更多与其沉积的微地貌环境和水动力条件有关。  相似文献   

11.
The considerable part of the Northern Asia is occupied with the steppe and forest-steppe landscapes stretched by a wide strip from Caspian Sea to mountains of Big Khingan.Archeologists claim, that from here on the Bering Bridge after a glacial age ancestors of American Indian tribes have left to the North America. In the Baikal Lake basin we find settlements of ancient Huns, subdued the Eastern and Western Europe in the beginning of last millennium.  相似文献   

12.
杨斌 《地理研究》2011,30(10):1921-1929
民国29~35年(1940~1946年),国民政府对川黔交界地区的插花地进行了清理拨正。清理拨正可大别为两个阶段:一是川黔两省自行清理拨正(1940~1944年),二是内政部主持下的清理拨正(1945~1946年)。清理拨正成效较为明显,不仅进行了实地会勘,而且形成了会议决议,川黔交界地区8县17乡镇的33个插花地问题...  相似文献   

13.
农村富余劳动力资本化及其转移中的教育培训作用研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
就我国农村富余劳动力转移现状及存在问题,结合国外发达国家转移的作法,从劳动力资源化和资本化的理论分析出发,分析了劳动力转移过程中的结构性矛盾.以此得出,加强教育培训,提高富余劳动力的劳动技能和素质是解决问题的关键.最后对我国农村富余劳动力转移中的教育和培训提出了对策和建议,即高度重视农村劳动力教育培训工作,建立农民职业技术教育培训体系,形成农民教育培训投入机制,强化农民专业技能培训的针对性.  相似文献   

14.
农区小城市发展与规划的思考   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
针对我国农村地区小城市规模小,潜力大,起步晚,速度快,困难多,标准氏等特点,提出了市场经济体制下规划必须更加科学化,坚持城乡一体化和投资多元化的方向,阐明了农村地区小城市建设与规划必须坚持改革,发展和严格管理的原则。  相似文献   

15.
Waterfront resources are important and special kind of natural resources in the marginal area between land and water. The Yangtze River, the longest river in China, is not only rich in waterfront resources, but also has favorable development conditions with great potentiality. Aided by large-scale underwater topographic map, the major factors of the waterfront resources in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, such as the stability, the water depth and the natural conditions for port construction, are assessed in this paper respectively on the basis of the overall investigations. The results show that: (1) the waterfront resources are abundant in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, but lack of perfectly combined high grade waterfront; (2) there exists an obvious regional difference in the natural quality of the waterfront along the Yangtze; (3) the fore-bank water depth and waterfront stability are the main natural factors related to the waterfront quality in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River; (4) the waterfronts along the Yangtze are mainly used for port, warehouse and industrial purposes; and (5) the waterfronts near important cities are highly used, especially the high-quality waterfronts. In addition, some suggestions for the development and utilization of the waterfront resources are presented in this paper.  相似文献   

16.
This article introduces an important, but overlooked, actor—the research associate—into methodological discussions about the production of knowledge. We use the term research associate (rather than assistant) to encompass the individuals on whom researchers rely while conducting fieldwork. We seek to avoid the unidirectional hierarchy and power dynamics between researchers and associates, which place the researcher as expert and knowledge producer while obscuring the diversity of roles conducted by field associates. Therefore, throughout this article we examine and destabilize power dynamics and hierarchies and widen the range of what is considered research assistance in the coproduction of knowledge. We also highlight the ways in which geopolitics are written into encounters with ourselves and research associates, encounters that render and reveal the complexities of vulnerability and bodily risk in fieldwork. The goals of this article are threefold: to (1) introduce the influential role of research associates during the production and dissemination of knowledge, (2) situate the work of research associates in both fieldwork and methodological literature, and (3) problematize the invisibility of research associates in academic publications and discuss possible alternatives to how authorship is credited.  相似文献   

17.
Waterfront resources are important and special kind of natural resources in the marginal area between land and water.The Yangtze River,the longest river in China,is not only rich in waterfront resources,but also has favorable development conditions with great potentiality.Aided by large-scale underwater topographic map,the major factors of the waterfront resources in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,such as the stability,the water depth and the natural conditions for port construction,are assessed in this paper rspectively on the basis of the overall investigations.The results show that:(1)the waterfront resources are abundant in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,but lack of perfectly combined high grade waterfront;(2)there exists and obvious regional difference in the natural quality of the waterfront along the Yangtze;(3)the fore-bank water depth and waterfront stability are the main natural factors related to the waterfront auality in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River;(4)the waterfronts along the Yangtze are mainly used for port,warehouse and industrial pruposes; and (5)the waterfronts near important cities are highly used,especially the high-quality waterfronts.In addition,some suggestions for the development and utilization of the waterfront resources are presented in this paper.  相似文献   

18.
经济全球化对世界经济空间格局产生了深远的影响,区域经济一体化作为全球化的现阶段实现形式,对我国东、中、西部产业空间布局及区域发展战略调整,特别是对我国中西部地区开放与开发,参与区域经济分工与合作,促进我国经济东,中,西部经济协调发展具有十分重要的指导意义。  相似文献   

19.
三江平原浓江、别拉洪河地区湿地退缩过程及其成因   总被引:10,自引:2,他引:10  
20世纪50年代以来,三江平原北部的浓江、别拉洪河地区进行了大面积的开荒,使湿地面积迅速减少,同时耕地面积迅速扩大,湿地环境遭到严重干扰和破坏。本文应用景观生态学的方法,在遥感和地理信息系统的支持下,通过分析1954、1967、1976、1986以及2000年的土地利用数据,揭示研究区50年来的土地开发和湿地退缩过程。着重进行1954年与2000年、1976年与1986年景观的对比研究。并在此基础上进行了湿地面积退缩的原因分析,指出1954年以来人类开发活动是该地区湿地面积退缩的主要原因。  相似文献   

20.
A palaeomagnetic study of Vendian red sediments from the Lena River section on the western margin of Lake Baikal in the region of Cisbaikalia (54°N, 108°E) has isolated a stable remanence with direction D = 296.3°, I = −27.7° (high-temperature component) and a corresponding pole of 2.7°S, 168.2°E. The primary nature of this remanence is confirmed from a positive fold test, dual polarities and the presence of detrital haematite. This result, together with all late Precambrian–Early Cambrian palaeomagnetic data from Siberia, indicates that Siberia occupied low latitudes during that time. It has been proposed on the basis of palaeomagnetic data that Laurentia occupied high latitudes during the Vendian, so it would appear that there cannot have been any Laurentia–Siberia connection at that time. A review of Vendian to Cambrian Laurentian palaeomagnetic data shows that such an interpretation is ambiguous. An alternative interpretation places Laurentia in low latitudes and confirms the Laurentia–Siberia fit of Hoffman (1991 ) and Pelechaty (1996 ). However, the lack of Late Vendian palaeomagnetic data for Siberia still allows the possibility that it could have occupied high latitudes during that time.  相似文献   

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