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本文首先回顾了岩土物理化学力学组的发展历史,介绍了30年来的研究方向和所取得的科研成果。最后,对今后的发展提出了一些建议。 相似文献
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软岩工程地质力学研究进展 总被引：61，自引：1，他引：60
在中国煤矿软岩工程地质力学的研究中 ,作者指出了国际岩石力学学会关于软岩定义的缺陷 ,提出了新的软岩定义和分类 ,并论述了软岩的变形力学机制、软化状态方程、软岩巷道支护理论、支护荷载的确定以及软岩工程地质力学设计方法。可以认为 ,中国软岩工程地质力学已经形成了较为完整的理论框架体系. 相似文献
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A. Ghassemi 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2012,30(3):647-664
Rock mechanics and geomechanical studies can provide crucial information for economic geothermal reservoir development. Although significant progress has been made in reservoir geomechanics, technical challenges specific to the geothermal area (high temps, data collection, experimentation issues) have prevented widespread use of geomechanics in geothermal reservoir development. However, as the geothermal industry moves to develop more challenging resources using the concept of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS), and to maximize productivity from conventional resources, the need for improved understanding of geomechanical issues and developing specific technologies for geothermal reservoirs has become critical. Rock mechanics research and improved technologies can impact areas related to in-situ stress characterization, initiation and propagation of artificial and natural fractures, and the effects of coupled hydro-thermo-chemo-mechanical processes on fracture permeability and induced seismicity. Rock mechanics/geomechanics research, including experimental and theoretical investigations as well as numerical and analytical solutions, has an important role in optimizing reservoir design and heat extraction strategies for sustainable geothermal energy development. A number of major areas where rock mechanics research can facilitate geothermal systems development are reviewed in this paper with particular emphasis on EGS design and management. 相似文献
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随着工程地质力学及其相关学科的不断完善和发展及其存在问题的不断解决,工程地质力学正逐步进入一个崭新的发展阶段。本文总结了20世纪工程地质力学取得的辉煌成就和面临的巨大挑战,详细论述了工程地质力学的理论体系,包括工程地质体结构的相对性、工程地质体的连续性、工程地质体的本构关系、工程地质体的几何大变形、工程地质大变形力学设计方法等,展望了未来工程地质力学在大变形灾害工程控制材料研发、工程灾害控制、工程地质体的能量本构关系、工程地质体的能量平衡方程和地质工程的量化设计方面的走向,指出工程地质力学作为一门学科的发展仍然任重道远。 相似文献
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论述了地质力学这一我国独立建立的地质学科形成的背景、基本特征、主要成就和存在问题, 指出:地质力学是在地质学三大论战, 特别是大陆漂移学说影响下, 独辟蹊径提出的; 地质力学有4个基本特征, 即3个立论依据, 9个基本概念, 7个研究步骤, 4个基本观点(本质的、联系的、发展的和实践的)。全面论述了地质力学10个理论方面、5个技术方法和5个生产实践方面的突出成就。地质力学存在的突出问题:本质上被裹挟于"固定论"泥潭中, 在认识新发现和接纳新观念上裹足不前; 古构造时期鉴别上存在重大误区, 过分强调了造山带的"长期继承活动"; 深部地质和全球海洋地质研究十分薄弱等。因此, 解放思想、与时俱进和走向全球是它当前3个紧迫任务。 相似文献
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地震导致山体变形破裂是一个复杂的演化过程,文中通过一些典型实例的地质分析,总结归纳了高地震烈度区山体变形破裂失稳有一定代表性的倾外层状体斜坡滑坡型、高陡块(层)状体斜坡崩塌型、软弱基座体斜坡滑坡型等3种典型性地质力学模式。自主创新研制、设计、探索了一套振动条件下地质力学模拟试验的设备模型和方法,并对3种典型性地质力学模型进行机制模拟试验。通过变形破裂演化过程模拟再现试验,从中揭示出一些振动条件下变形破裂的典型迹象和重要证据,充分再现了典型地震失稳机制的形成条件、相关性因素以及演化规律,为进一步研究分析提供科学可靠的试验数据和证据。 相似文献
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In this paper we present a new approach to computations in elasto‐plastic geomechanics. The approach is based on the object oriented design philosophy and observations on similarity of most incremental elastic–plastic material models. This new approach to elastic–plastic computations in geomechanics allows for creation of template material models. The analysis of template material models will in turn allow for an easy implementation of other elastic–plastic material models based on the object oriented design principles. Furthermore we present some illustrative implementation details. Finally we present analysis results that emphasize features of template elastic–plastic computations in geomechanics. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The bifurcation and instability conditions in geomechanics are closely related to the elasto‐plastic behaviour. In this paper the potential of a multimechanism elasto‐plastic model to predict various modes of failure is examined. First, a brief overview for the essential aspects of the constitutive model and the development of the elasto‐plastic constitutive matrix for this model are presented. Then, numerical simulations of different drained and undrained paths in the axisymmetric and plane‐strain conditions for the Hostun sand are illustrated. These examples confirm the capacity of the model to reproduce instability and strain localization phenomena. The obtained response is in agreement with experimental observations, theoretical developments and numerical analyses existing in the literature. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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离散单元法同拉格朗日元法及其在岩土力学中的应用 总被引：67，自引：2，他引：67
离散单元法是一种适合于节理岩体的数值分析方法，拉格朗日元法则特点适用于解决大变形的问题。本文叙述了离散单元法和拉格朗日元法的基本原理以及有关参数的选择问题。文中还举出两种方法在岩土力学中的应用范围。 相似文献
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An understanding of the fracture mechanics of geomaterials is important for the solution of many problems in geomechanics. One of the most important material properties involved in fracture mechanics is the fracture toughness, KIc. The short-rod test configuration proposed by Barker1 has significant potential for becoming a standard test for fracture toughness determination in geomechanics. The purpose of this brief is to examine the application potential of the short-rod test for geomechanics problems. 相似文献
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This paper is a brief account of the essential points of geomechanics initited in China by Prof. J. S. Lee in the 1920's and some important results achieved by some Chinese petroleum geologists in recent years by applying geomechanics to the exploration and prospecting of oil and gas in eastern China. 相似文献
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Peng Guangzhong 《岩土力学》1986,7(1):23-34
In this paper, the relation is studied between the geologic structnre feature and rock strength by means of the theories and methods of rock mechanics with geomechanics combined. According to geologic structure feature of red rocks in Gezhouba has been obtained the strength performance and constitute mechanism. In this paper, a concept and method which would play an important part in rock engineering and theories of rock mechanics are proposed. 相似文献
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本文利用岩体力学与地质力学相结合的理论和方法,对葛洲坝红色岩体的地质构造特征与岩体力学特性之间的关系进行了研究,获得了该岩体强度特性及其形成机理。提出了地质构造形迹是构成工程岩体力学问题和形成岩体特性的一个重要因素。本文所采取的研究途径和研究结果,对于岩体工程实践和岩体力学理论研究具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Reservoir simulators typically use cell‐centered finite volume schemes and do not model directly the coupling of the flow processes with the geomechanics. Coupling of geomechanics with fluid flow can be important in many cases, but introducing fully coupled geomechanical effects in those simulators is not a trivial issue, because the geomechanics is better done by using the Galerkin vertex‐centered finite element methods by which the solid displacements are computed at the vertices of the cells. This creates difficulties in interfacing cell variables with nodal variables. Uncoupled or loosely coupled models are used by many researchers/practitioners by which a reservoir model is coupled to a geomechanical model by staggering in‐time flow and deformation via a sophisticated interface that repeatedly calls first flow and then mechanics. The method therefore requires projection of the reservoir cell variables onto the nodes of the geomechanics Galerkin finite element mesh. In this note, we attempt to quantify the errors associated with cell to node projection operations. For that purpose, we use a simple model of the pressure equation for a heterogeneous medium in one dimension. We are able to derive the exact analytical solution for this problem for both nodal and cell pressures. This allows us to compute the errors due to projection analytically, function of meshing refinement and permeability field variations. We compute upper and lower bounds for the errors, and analyze their magnitude for a variety of cases. We conclude that, in general, cell to node projection operations lead to substantial errors. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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工程地质学一个新的研究方向 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
本文认为，通过工程地质力学与系统科学的有机结合而形成的工程地质力学综合集成理论和方法，将成为当今工程地质学的重要研究方向之一。本文简述其基本原理、一般方法及实际工程应用等问题。 相似文献
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Results of numerical analyses of boundary value problems in geomechanics include output of three‐dimensional stress and strain states. Two‐dimensional plots of stress–stress or stress–strain quantities, often used to represent such output, do not fully communicate the evolution of stress and strain states. This paper describes the use of glyphs and hyperstreamlines for the visual representation of three dimensional stress and strain tensors in geomechanics applications. Glyphs can be used to represent principal stress states as well as normal stresses at a point. The application of these glyphs is extended in this paper to represent strain states. The paper introduces a new glyph, called HWY glyph for the representation of shear tensor components. A load step‐based hyperstreamline is developed to show the evolution of a stress or strain tensor under a general state of loading. The evolution of stress–strain states from simulated laboratory tests and a general boundary value problem of a deep braced excavation are represented using these advanced visual techniques. These visual representations facilitate the understanding of complex multidimensional stress–strain soil constitutive relationships. The visual objects introduced in this paper can be applied to stress and strain tensors from general boundary value problems. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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《Computers and Geotechnics》1988,5(2):81-103
The Division of Geomechanics CSIRO, has an extensive research programme involving the development and verification of computer programs for modelling in mining geomechanics. The scope of the Division's work is outlined, the various numerical techniques being developed are described and some applications of the programs are illustrated. Ongoing efforts to make the programs more accessible to mine design engineers, and plans for future research, are discussed. 相似文献