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Fu-Ping Liu Rui-Zhong Li Jin-yao Li Hui-Guo Chen Chang-Chun Yang 《Mathematical Geosciences》2008,40(7):813-829
The group time delay (GTD) formulae of quasi-total reflection of inhomogeneous P-polarized electromagnetic waves (P-PEW, whose electric field parallels to the plane of incidence), caused by the Goos–Hänchen effect, is derived by the phase shift of the wave. A numerical example where the frequency equals to 1 GHz is given. The curves of calculating results show that there are three discontinuous points at the critical angle of phase shift vector, the critical angle of attenuation vector and 90○. When the angle of incidence is equal to one of these three angles, the GTD will become infinite, and the electromagnetic wave will propagate along the interface. The GTD will be very large, when the angle of incidence is close to one of these three angles. The results indicate that there is an important relationship between the two critical angles and the conductivity and permittivity of the two strata, and that the GTD has an important relationship with the angle of incidence. These results can be used to determine the lithology of the strata and to delimit the interfaces of strata more effectively. It is suggested that this research may prove useful in electromagnetic logging analysis and, perhaps, in the design of logging instruments. 相似文献
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页岩气测井地层评价主要围绕3个方面展开：①页岩气地层的岩性和储集参数评价,包括孔隙度、饱和度、渗透率等;②页岩的生烃潜力评价,主要包括干酪根的识别与类型划分、有机质含量、热成熟度等一系列指标的定性或定量解释;③岩石力学参数和裂缝发育指标的评价。特别是在资源调查和勘探的初期,如何从烃源岩中寻找最有利的页岩气藏富集,是地球物理测井的首要任务。近几年,国外在页岩气测井评价方面的工作主要体现在对ECS测井和高分辨率成像测井的应用。另外有研究表明,感应测井与岩石介电常数有关的X分量负异常与干酪根的存在及其类型之间有一定的相关性。 相似文献
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岩体节理在受到应力波扰动时端部受力会发生不同程度的连续性变化,为具体分析这种动态变化与应力波入射角度之间的关系,引用岩石非线性法向本构关系与线性切向本构关系的组合模型以及相应的在P波斜入射节理的应力波传播方程,结合岩石断裂力学中Ⅰ、Ⅱ型裂纹尖端应力和位移场的相关理论,得出组合形式下的节理端部应力场和位移场随质点振速变化的计算公式。通过不同入射角的模拟脉冲信号作用对端部应力位移的变化分析：应力波斜入射节理导致节理端部上、下两侧应力与位移场非对称分布,随着入射波质点振速的增减变化,应力集中位置会出现变化;计算并整理模型中节理端部上、下两侧0.005 m位置的数据,节理法向刚度由入射波质点振速带来的变化直接影响到应力波的透射与反射,进而会导致端部的应力与位移出现滞后效应;节理端部横向位移值与入射角度并非单调变化,而竖向位移会随着入射角的增大呈现下降趋势。 相似文献
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近岸波浪的不对称特征对浅水区泥沙输运以及海岸结构物受波浪冲刷影响而引起的破坏都起着关键作用,而目前关于波浪不对称特征的研究多集中在正向传播方式上,没有考虑斜向传播的影响,因此,对斜向波浪在近岸传播过程中的波形不对称特征展开研究具有重要的意义。基于高阶Boussinesq水波方程建立了斜向入射波浪沿斜坡传播的数值模型,并利用该模型进行数值试验,模拟了入射波浪沿0°~75°不同方向的传播过程。通过对不同角度入射得到的结果进行比较,讨论了入射角度对波浪不对称特征的影响。结果表明:入射角度越大的波浪,其在变浅过程中的二阶谱以及波浪的偏度和不对称度参数也越小。说明随着波浪入射角度增大,其非线性相互作用程度会发生减弱,导致波浪的非线性特征增长趋势逐渐变缓。最后,给出了考虑斜向角度影响的波浪不对称特征参数经验公式。 相似文献
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针对煤矿井下水平井钻探中顶底板界面探测精度差、效率低等问题,进行煤矿井下防爆型随钻方位电磁波测井仪方案设计。为适合井下煤层工作环境,通过正演模拟获得源距、发射频率、线圈安装角度等仪器参数对信号响应影响的变化规律。研究结果表明:随钻方位电磁波仪器接收信号强度随发射频率、线圈距、地层电阻率对比度的增大而增强;线圈安装倾角约为45°时,既满足接收信号灵敏性,也满足信号的强度;仪器最佳工作频段为100 kHz~1 MHz。通过随钻方位电磁波测井仪响应模拟研究,为适用于煤矿井下仪器的参数优化设计提供选择依据,掌握了煤岩顶底板界面响应变化规律,该仪器的应用将提高顶底板探测精度和探测效率。 相似文献
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圆弧形沉积谷地对平面P波的三维散射解析解 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用大圆弧面来模拟半空间表面,利用波函数展开法在频域内给出了圆弧形沉积谷地形对平面P波三维散射的一个解析解,并以此解答为基础,进一步分析了入射波频率和入射角度对圆弧形沉积谷地场地反应的影响。数值结果表明,入射波的频率和入射角度对圆弧形沉积谷地场地反应有重要影响。 相似文献
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基于多相孔隙介质弹性理论,给出了非饱和土中不同弹性波的传播方程。根据分界面上的边界条件,建立了各势函数波幅值之间的关系式,讨论了入射剪切波在不同饱和度土层分界面上的反射与透射问题。在无限空间非饱和土体中存在3种压缩波和1种剪切波,因此,当剪切波传播到不同饱和度的非饱和土层分界面上将分别在上、下土层激发产生4种反射波和4种透射波。推导出不同反射波和透射波的振幅比例系数和能量比例系数的理论表达式,并且在此基础上进行数值分析。在数值算例中分别研究了各反射波与透射波的能量比例系数（即能量反射率和能量透射率）受入射频率、入射角度以及上、下土层土体饱和度变化的影响情况。计算结果表明：各能量反射率和能量透射率不仅与入射角和入射频率有关,而且其受上、下土层饱和度变化的影响也同样不能忽视。 相似文献
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利用地震数据来描述地层岩性特性,从而解决地下的岩性划分问题,是地球物理反演技术发展的目标。利用测井曲线进行常规岩性反演得到的波阻抗等数据体,仅能间接地反映目标区域的岩性分布情况。多参数反演技术利用地震数据的解释层位为控制手段,以测井曲线为出发点进行外推内插,并通过主组分分析形成初始地质模型,然后进行模型估算,最终得到波阻抗、伽马、电阻率等多参数数据体。利用阈值自动分层方法,依据物性与岩性的相关性,确定单个或多个参数的阈值对多参数体进行岩性转换。渭北平原某煤田的三维地震多参数数据体岩性转换实例表明,多参数岩性反演和基于阈值的岩性转换方法具有较好的适用性,其反演后的界面形态对应较好,单井岩性与转换后的岩性吻合度较高。 相似文献
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中子和密度测井在复杂岩性地层中找气,如果只用中子和密度孔隙度差异性质指示气层,由于复杂岩性的干扰,容易出现多解性。本文建立的测井找气模型、刻度公式、气层下限值、指示和验证气层法则,更新了中子和密度测并找气方法,能够压制复杂岩性的干扰,排除多解性。文中给出的测井找气实例表明,采用更新后的测井找气方法指示低孔隙度复杂岩性气层,提高了中子和密度测井指示气层的分辨率、直观性和准确性,从而获得了更好的找气效果。 相似文献
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EXB矿区主要目的层为一套泛滥平原河流相含煤碎屑岩沉积地层,煤层顶板岩性空间变化快,预测难度大。针对该问题,本文利用测井岩石物理分析建立煤、中砂岩、细砂岩和泥质砂岩的波阻抗频率直方图:煤的波阻抗值较小,主要范围3 000~6 300 m/s·（g/cm3）;中砂岩的波阻抗值域范围5 500~10 000 m/s·（g/cm3）;由于细砂岩和泥质砂岩性质接近,在波阻抗上无法区分,将两者合并处理,值域范围6 000~12 000 m/s·（g/cm3）。然后利用叠后地震反演计算波阻抗体,利用岩相与流体概率分析技术预测煤层顶板岩性的空间展布。结果表明,地震预测的岩性及其厚度的宏观变化趋势与钻井揭示结果基本一致,岩性平面厚度分布规律与沉积环境相符。 相似文献
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多频电磁波测井物理模拟实验的方法技术 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了对多频电磁波测井有进一步的了解，针对在石油勘探中的油层、水层情况，研制了模拟实际测井环境的地层模型，并对天线的选择、空间电磁场的影响和反射波的干扰等因素进行了讨论，并提出和总结了关于实验装置的组构、各种模型参数的选取、幅度和相位的测量及数据的采集等一套较完整地实验方法和测量技术。 相似文献
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Stochastic seismic wave interaction with a slippery rock fault is studied, based on the principle of conservation of momentum
at the wave fronts along the fault. By using the displacement discontinuity method, the wave propagation equations are derived
for incident longitudinal-(P-) and shear-(S-) waves, respectively. This is an extension of the study by Li and Ma (2010) for
blast-induced wave propagation across a linear rock joint. Stochastic seismic waves are generated from a frequency spectrum
and used to analyze the seismic wave interaction with a rock fault having a Coulomb-slip behavior. Parametric studies are
carried out to investigate the effect of the intensity and impinging angle of the incident seismic waves on wave propagation
across a slippery rock fault. Results show that the transmission of the incident P-wave is almost not affected by the fault,
on the contrary, this is not the case for an incident S-wave, due to the occurrence of a relative slip which is related to
the impinging angle of the incident S-wave. A quantitative study is presented which is of help in understanding the propagation
and attenuation laws of seismic waves in discontinuous rock masses. 相似文献
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Xuhui Zheng Jinzhong Sun Leihua Yao Lei Liu Anyang Shao 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(14):528
This paper presents a three-dimensional oblique incidence method based on stress time-history functions of seismic body waves. This method realizes the three-dimensional oblique incidence of a single body wave phase or superposed multiple phases, which considers the earthquake action in the analysis of the slope seismic response. To implement this method, first, the spatial relationship between slope and incident seismic wave rays is described, and the direction of incident seismic waves is defined with two parameters: the azimuth angle \(\alpha\), which reflects the azimuth of epicenter; and the incident angle \(\theta\), which is a concentrated expression of the hypocentral depth and epicentral distance. Second, at the bottom boundary of the slope numerical model, the vibration starting time of each node excited by an oblique incident seismic wave is calculated. By considering vibration time sequence, the successive disturbance of rock and soil medium at the bottom of the slope is achieved. Then the stress time-history functions of six body wave phases are derived. Numerical simulation results of the x demonstrate the effectiveness, applicability and necessity of the proposed method. 相似文献
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叠后地震反演方法适用于纵波和横波地震资料的反演,但对转换波地震资料却不适用。为了实现利用转换波剖面得到横波波阻抗信息,通过建立转换波反射系数和横波反射系数之间的关系,直接从转换波地震数据中获取横波反射系数,把转换波叠后波阻抗反演问题转化为横波波阻抗反演问题。基于测井约束反演原理,利用横波反射系数和转换波解释层位建立初始横波波阻抗模型,优选反演处理参数,实现转换波叠后横波波阻抗反演。含煤地层转换波横波波阻抗反演结果,为进一步研究岩性参数比属性奠定了基础。和横波勘探相比,转换波勘探施工方便,工作成本相对低廉,因此利用转换波叠后地震反演获得横波波阻抗,是一种经济的办法。但由于在计算横波反射系数时采用了近似公式,所以反演结果精度会受到一定影响。 相似文献
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Risk management study on impulse waves generated by Hongyanzi landslide in Three Gorges Reservoir of China on June 24, 2015 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
On June 24, 2015, Hongyanzi slope located in Wushan County of the Three Gorges Reservoir collapsed, generating 5–6-m-high impulse waves, which overturned 13 boats, killed 2 persons, and injured 4 persons. It is the second incident of landslide-generated impulse waves since the 175-m experimental impoundment in 2008. The emergency investigation shows that Hongyanzi landslide is a bedding soil landslide with a volume of 23?×?104 m3 induced by a series of triggering factors such as rainfall, flooding upstream, and reservoir drawdown. The nonlinear Boussinesq water wave model is used to reproduce the impulse waves generated by the landslide of June 24th. The numerical simulation results suggest that the wave propagation process was influenced by the T-shaped geomorphic conditions of river valley, and the coastal areas in the county seat were the major wave-affected areas, which is opposite to the landslide. The numerical wave process accord well with the observed incident, and the investigation values were in good agreement with the calculated values. Moreover, the worst-case scenario of the 7?×?104 m3 deformation mass beside Hongyanzi landslide is potential to generate impulse waves, which was predicted with the same numerical model. This adjacent deformation mass will probably generate impulse waves with maximum height and run-up of 2.2 and 2.0 m, respectively, and only a very few areas in the water course had waves rising to a height of 1 m or above. The research results provide a technical basis for emergency disposal to Hongyanzi landslide and navigation restriction in Wushan waterway. More importantly, it pushes the risk management of the navigation based on the impulse wave generated by landslide. It is advised that the Three Gorges Reservoir and other reservoirs around the world should put more efforts in performing special surveys and studies on the potential hazards associated with landslide-generated impulse waves. 相似文献
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松辽盆地大陆深部科学钻探工程"松科二井"获得了最完整的沙河子组地层岩心,初步识别出深部页岩气气测异常43层,累计厚度102 m,显示出沙河子组地层具有良好的深部能源前景。为进一步分析松辽盆地沙河子组地层油气资源潜力,本文在前人研究的基础上,结合松科二井测井、岩心数据和地震数据,分析松科二井邻域沙河子组地层的层序特征和空间展布,同时以随钻录井记录到的气测异常为出发点,分析沙河子组地层的测井和地震响应。结果显示:松科二井邻域沙河子组地层具有厚度大、横向延续小的地层展布特点,根据测井、岩心及地震数据,将沙河子组地层分为4个三级层序:SQ1、SQ2、SQ3和SQ4,其中顶部SQ4层序具有较好的油气前景,其岩性以泥岩为主,并具有相对较高孔隙度、低波阻抗的测井曲线特征,在地震剖面上表现为连续强振幅,阻抗反演剖面上存在局部低波阻抗特征,揭示了该区沙河子组深层天然气资源的赋存条件。 相似文献